Abstract: The invention relates to methods of use for compounds in treating, reducing the incidence, reducing the severity or pathogenesis of an intestinal disease or condition in a subject, including, inter alia, inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: Compositions and methods to improve cognitive performance and mood in an adult human subject's are presented herein. The method of the present invention involved the administration of a dietary supplement comprising plant polysaccharides. The compositions disclosed herein have beneficial effects on memory performance and tasks of high cognitive demand independent of blood glucose responses and despite mental fatigue.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds and methods which may be useful as inhibitors of glycolysis, inhibitors of protein glycosylation, anti-virals, and down-regulators of insulin receptor and IGF-1 receptor for the treatment or prevention of inflammatory dermatological diseases or proliferative dermatological diseases.

Abstract: A natural formulation of compounds that would to modulate inflammation is disclosed. The formulation would also inhibit expression of COX-2, inhibit synthesis of prostaglandins selectively in target cells, and inhibit inflammatory response selectively in target cells. The compositions containing at least one fraction isolated or derived from hops. Other embodiments relate to combinations of components, including at least one fraction isolated or derived from hops, tryptanthrin and conjugates thereof, rosemary, an extract or compound derived from rosemary, a triterpene species, or a diterpene lactone or derivatives or conjugates thereof.

Abstract: Compositions comprising a glycosaminoglycan (e.g., a hyaluronan, hyaluronic acid, hyaluronate, sodium hyaluronate, dermatan sulfate, karatan sulfate, chondroitin 6-sulfate, heparin, etc.) in combination with at least one component selected from; i) polyglycols (e.g., polyethylene glycol), ii) long chain hydroxy polyanionic polysaccharides (e.g., dextran, sodium alginate, alginic acid, propylene glycol alginate, carboxymethyl cellulose and carboxyethyl cellulose, hydroxyl ethyl starch, hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose, hydroxy propyl ethyl cellulose, hydroxy propyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, polylysine, polyhistidine, polyhydroxy proline, poly ornithine, polyvinyl pyrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, chitosan, etc.) and iii) long chain Nitrogen containing polymers (e.g., Polylysine, Polyvinylpyrrolidone, and polyvinyl alcohol). The invention also includes methods for using such compositions (e.g., as substance delivery materials, tissue fillers or bulking agents, as moistening or hydrating agents, etc.).

Abstract: Dialysis solutions comprising pyrophosphates and methods of making and using the dialysis solutions are provided. In an embodiment, the present disclosure provides a dialysis solution comprising a stable and therapeutically effective amount of pyrophosphate. The dialysis solution can be sterilized, for example, using a technique such as autoclave, steam, high pressure, ultra-violet, filtration or combination thereof. The dialysis solution can be in the form of a concentrate.

Abstract: Described herein are injectable formulations for intra-articular or peri-articular administration, wherein the formulation is administered to treat joint pain. An injectable formulation for intra-articular or peri-articular administration disclosed herein comprises a therapeutically-effective amount of a leukotriene synthesis inhibitor compound formulated for intra-articular or peri-articular administration.

Abstract: This invention discloses chemically modified polyaminosaccharides, in particular chemically modified chitosans, in the molecular structure of which a predetermined proportion of the amino functional groups is sulfonated by the hydrocarbyl sultone compound via a covalent bond. Such chemically modified polyaminosaccharides may be produced by a process of sulfonating an un-modified polyaminosaccharide having amino functional groups by a hydrocarbyl sultone compound in the presence of an organic solvent under a suitable temperature. Chemically modified chitosans of this invention may be used in a variety of applications, including wound healing.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for preventing, treating, managing and/or ameliorating a condition associated with inflammation (e.g., an inflammatory disorder) or a symptom thereof, the methods comprising administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a theaflavin composition and an effective amount of one or more therapies other than such a theaflavin composition. In particular, the present invention provides methods for preventing, treating, managing and/or ameliorating a condition associated with inflammation (e.g., an inflammatory disorder) or a symptom thereof, the methods comprising administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a theaflavin composition, an effective amount of a glucosamine composition, and optionally one or more other therapies.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new method for repairing human or animal tissues such as cartilage, meniscus, ligament, tendon, bone, skin, cornea, periodontal tissues, abscesses, resected tumors, and ulcers. The method comprises the step of introducing into the tissue a temperature-dependent polymer gel composition such that the composition adhere to the tissue and promote support for cell proliferation for repairing the tissue. Other than a polymer, the composition preferably comprises a blood component such as whole blood, processed blood, venous blood, arterial blood, blood from bone, blood from bone-marrow, bone marrow, umbilical cord blood, placenta blood, erythrocytes, leukocytes, monocytes, platelets, fibrinogen, thrombin and platelet rich plasma. The present invention also relates to a new composition to be used with the method of the present invention.

Abstract: The current disclosure discloses acetogenin(s), extract(s)/fraction(s) standardized to acetogenin(s) comprising terminal ?,?-unsaturated-?-methyl-?-lactone moiety derived from Annona squamosa or their compositions for prevention, treatment, inhibition or controlling inflammation and immune related diseases or disorders mediated through cytokines/chemokines or other biomarkers. The disclosure further discloses said Annona squamosa derived acetogenin(s), extract(s)/fraction(s) or their compositions for prevention, treatment, inhibition or controlling metabolic diseases/disorders.

Abstract: Glucosamine, N-acetylglucosamine and ?-glucan compositions suitable for human or animal consumption or use are disclosed. The glucosamine, N-acetylglucosamine and ?-glucan compositions are derived from fungal biomass containing chitin. Various methods of producing glucosamine, N-acetylglucosamine and ?-glucan compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: A composition (e.g., phytochemical composition) including sesamin, the composition exhibiting anti-inflammatory, anti-cytokine storm, connective tissue preservation, anti-viral, and/or other properties in biological tissue. The phytochemical composition therapeutically affects a pro-inflammatory cytokine condition, for instance facilitating or effectuating decrease in a quantity of a pro-inflammatory cytokine, for example, interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis-alpha. The phytochemical composition facilitates or effectuates an increase in quantity of an anti-inflammatory cytokines. The phytochemical composition can additionally facilitate a connective tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) preservation effect. The phytochemical composition can also inhibit an action of a viral neuraminidase, for example, the influenza A virus neuraminidase.

Abstract: A composition (e.g., a phytochemical composition) including a predetermined concentration of xanthones, and in certain embodiments predetermined concentrations of both xanthones and sesamin. The composition facilitates at least one of decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokines, increasing anti-inflammatory cytokines, enhancing a connective tissue anti- degeneration effect, and inhibiting viral neuraminidase (e.g. neuraminidase of an influenza A virus). The composition can further decrease at least one of gene expression and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The phytochemical composition can increase at least one of gene expression and release of anti-inflammatory cytokines. The phytochemical composition provides at least one of an anti-inflammatory, an anti-viral (e.g., anti-influenza), and a connective tissue anti-degradation effect in a living organism. A use of xanthones for manufacturing phytochemical compositions that include predetermined concentrations of xanthones is also provided.

Abstract: Compounds having antibacterial activity are disclosed. The compounds have the following structure (I): including stereoisomers, pharmaceutically acceptable salts and prodrugs thereof, wherein Q1, Q2, R1, R2 and R3 are as defined herein. Methods associated with preparation and use of such compounds, as well as pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds, are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a novel use of glucosamine or a derivative thereof. A pharmaceutical composition for treating atopic dermatitis comprising glucosamine or a derivative thereof and a method of treating atopic dermatitis using the composition are disclosed. The pharmaceutical composition and the method realize the safe treatment of atopic dermatitis without the side effects associated with conventional anti-inflammatory drugs.

Abstract: The present invention relates to synthetic compounds that are active on plants, especially as legume nodulation factors, and also as plant growth stimulators, and to methods for preparing such compounds, which are of formula (I).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and compounds of Formula (1) and/or (2) or their pharmaceutically acceptable inorganic or organic salt thereof, and their compositions for treating respiratory conditions including post viral/bacterial infections, acute/chronic bronchitis, COPD, cystic fibrosis, and inflammatory conditions. It has been found by the applicants that the compounds of Formula (1) and/or (2) or their pharmaceutically acceptable inorganic or organic salt thereof could speed up the recovery of the viability of damaged respiratory tract cells by restoring sialylglyco-conjugates on their surface.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a composition containing ergothioneine and/or synthesized l-ergothioneine and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of vitamin B-12, glucosamine sulfate, calcium ascorbate, turmeric extract, black pepper extract, hyaluronic acid, collagen, glycosaminoglycans, cat's claw extract, acai berry; and white willow bark extract is provided to a mammal to improve a variety of health related factors, including but not limited to brain health, joint health, eye health, mitondchorial optimization/improvement and reduction of inflammation and pain in a mammal.

Abstract: A nutritional supplement includes the primary ingredients: N-acetyl D-glucosamine, cracked cell wall Green Chlorella, Licorice Root Extract, and Potassium Citrate, as well as secondary ingredients: Zinc L-Carnosine, Gamma-Oryzanol and Capsaicin, that improves the bodies uptake, utilization and over-all bioavailability of exogenous target protein fractions (TPF) including but not limited to: glycoproteins, (such as glucosamine) protein isolates as amino acids, glycosaminoglycans (GAG) (including proteoglycans, and mucopolysaccharides), and polysaccharides such as hyaluronic acid (hyaluronan). The biochemical interactions of the composition improves zeta potential for TPF incorporation in the body through direct and indirect interaction with primary cellular and digestive sites of multiple species.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for the amelioration of osteophyte formation including administering to a subject a therapeutically effective amount of an exogenous hyaluronan formulation.

Abstract: There is provided a therapeutic agent for treating osteoarthritis, which is a drug comprising hyaluronan as an active ingredient. The hyaluronan is preferably a tetrasaccharide including two units, with a single unit being -D-glucuronic acid-?-1,3-D-N-acetylglucosamine-?-1,4- (HA4).

Abstract: A method of preparing a medical solution includes the steps of a) providing a solution having one or more acetylated or deacetylated amino sugar/sugars in at least one compartment of a container at a pH of from 2.5 to 5.0, and b) terminal sterilization of the compartment and the contents therein. The solution can be used for manufacturing a medicament for peritoneal dialysis.

Abstract: A buccal and/or sublingual formulation comprising one or more active compounds; and a buccal matrix which releases the active compounds at a predetermined rate for transport across the buccal and/or sublingual membranes, wherein the rate of release of the active compounds is either (A) the same or substantially the same rate at which the active compounds are transported across the buccal and/or sublingual membranes; or (B) a rate which releases the active compounds over an extended period as required by the therapeutic affect or treatment window for those active compounds.

Abstract: A resveratrol-containing composition capable of providing a therapeutic benefit to a subject such as modulation of a biological activity, improving cell transplantation therapy, or improving macular degeneration or dystrophy treatments. The compositions comprise trans-resveratrol, a metal chelator, and one or more additional antioxidants such as phenolic antioxidants or vitamin D.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an orally ingestible food or pet food composition or cosmetic composition containing glucosamine generated from plant materials through a drying process for the maintenance of joint health or prevention, alleviation and/or treatment of osteoarthritis, or the improvement of the skin quality and prevention or restoration of age-related alterations of skin. It also relates to the use of the composition in the manufacture of a nutritional product, a supplement, a treat, a medicament or a cosmetic product and methods for the maintenance of bone health, prevention, alleviation and/or treatment of osteoarthritis, improvement of the skin quality and prevention or restoration of age-related alterations of skin which comprises administering an effective amount of the composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition and uses thereof for treatment of damaged tissue comprising at least one essential amino acid in L form and at least one essential lipid; wherein the composition is administered to a mammal suffering from severe tissue damage. The invention further relates to a composition and uses thereof comprising the mixture of one or more free L-amino acids in which the molar ratio of the free L-amino acids corresponds to the molar ratio of amino components in a mammalian tissue protein; and at least one essential lipid.

Abstract: Skin care compositions comprising certain substituted diamines, which are particularly beneficial for skin lightening and achieving evenness of color, especially for face and underarm skin.

Abstract: Skin care compositions comprising certain substituted monoamines, which are particularly beneficial for skin lightening and achieving evenness of color, especially for face and underarm skin.

Abstract: The invention includes a medical hydrogel made from polymerized polysaccharide macromers. The macromers are preferably polysaccharides decorated with polymerizable groups, for example, methacrylates. The macromers may also be made into polymers of at least two macromers polymerized together. These polymers are preferably multi-armed or high-molecular weight and used for medical uses, for example, making coatings on medical devices. Macromers of N-vinylpyrrolidone are also disclosed herein.

Abstract: Disclosed is a cosmetic composition having a double-shell type nano-structure. More particularly, the nano-structure of the cosmetic composition includes: a water-soluble bioactive ingredient core; a core shell containing poly(ethyleneglycol)-poly(caprolactone)-poly(ethyleneglycol) (PE-PCL-PEG) triblock copolymer in order to include the bioactive ingredient core therein; and an outer shell containing phospholipids or derivatives thereof in order to enclose the core shell therein. Such a cosmetic composition improves stability of active components which are prone to oxidation, light degradation, heat degradation, etc., is formed in a nanoparticle size which in turn shows high transdermal absorption and is very useful to prepare a cosmetic composition stably encapsulating various bioactive ingredients with anti-wrinkle effects, whitening effects, and so forth.

Abstract: A monosaccharide compound of formula I as shown in the specification. Processes for the preparation of the compound of formula I and methods of screening for antibacterial or antibiotic compounds involving the compound of formula I.

Abstract: Particles comprising a core based on at least one biodegradable organosoluble polymer. At least a part of the surface of the particles is coated with at least one hyaluronan or a derivative thereof, the hyaluronan being a water-soluble, amphiphilic hyaluronan of which the carboxylic functions are in part transformed to form hydrophobic groups.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a controlled release pharmaceutical or food formulation comprising at least one active pharmaceutical or food ingredient dispersed in a mixture of a glycogen with a polysaccharide, and the process for its preparation. The invention also relates to a slow release system represented by a mixture of a glycogen with a polysaccharide, and its use for the preparation of slow release pharmaceutical or food formulations.

Abstract: Glucosamine suitable for human or animal consumption is disclosed. The glucosamine is derived from fungal biomass containing chitin. Various methods of producing glucosamine by acid hydrolysis of fermented fungal biomass are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides therapeutic liposomes and methods for producing and using the same. In particular, therapeutic liposomes of the invention comprise phospholipids comprising C16-C22 fatty acid ester moieties. In some embodiments, these therapeutic liposomes are used in assisting delivery of an active compound, e.g., a drug and/or a nutraceutical, to a subject. In some embodiments, compositions of the invention have synergistic therapeutic effect.

Abstract: Methods for reducing chronic pain caused by a disrupted spinal disc are described. In one method, a physiologically acceptable amount of an injectable is injected into the disc. The injectable is obtained from a stock solution comprising chondroitin sulphate, glucosamine HCl, aqueous solution of dextrose; sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and a buffer substance in quantity to bring the pH of the stock solution to a value above about 6.0. Water is also added to dilute the stock solution. The stock solution may further comprise an anesthetic such as bupivicaine.

Abstract: Activated fatty acids, topical compositions including activated fatty acids and methods for using activated fatty acids to treat a variety of diseases.

Abstract: Mutual prodrugs of glucosamine, and derivatives and analogs of glucosamine and an anti-inflammatory agent, compositions thereof, and methods for, e.g., treating disorders and conditions by administration of the compositions are provided. Topical compositions of glucosamine, and derivatives and analogs of glucosamine are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition suitable for the prophylactic and/or curative topical treatment of rhinitis, said composition containing in combination and in each case in pharmaceutically efficacious amounts: (a) at least one sympathomimetic suitable for topical application and having vasoconstrictor action and/or detumescent action on the mucous membrane or its physiologically acceptable salts or derivatives; and (b) at least one preferably acidic glycosaminoglycan or its physiologically acceptable salts or derivatives, in particular hyaluronic acid or its salts.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method for stimulating chondrogenesis comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a potassium channel inhibitor.

Abstract: Hydrophilic N-linked pharmaceutical compositions, methods of their preparation and use in neuraxial drug delivery comprising a glycosyl CNS acting prodrug compound covalently N-linked with a saccharide through an amide or an amine bond and a formulary consisting of an additive, a stabilizer, a carrier, a binder, a buffer, an excipient, an emollient, a disintegrant, a lubricating agent, an antimicrobial agent or a preservative, with the proviso that the saccharide moiety is not a cyclodextrin or a glucuronide.

Abstract: There is provided wound healing composition which comprises at least one oxidant, at least one photoactivator capable of actuating the oxidant and at least one healing factor chosen from hyaluronic acid, glucosamine and allantoin in association with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. In addition, a method of topically treating wounds using at least one oxidant and at least one photoactivator capable of activating the oxidant followed by illumination of said photosensitizer is disclosed.

Abstract: This invention provides an anti-inflammatory agent or the like which is safer and less adverse and has the great effectiveness to prevent and treat arthritis, or the like. An anti-inflammatory agent or the like in this invention is characterized by comprising anthocyanidin and gingerol as an active substance. Also, the abovementioned anthocyanidin and gingerol are preferably extracted from red ginger.

Abstract: There is provided a skin rejuvenation composition which comprises at least one oxidant, at least one photoactivator capable of activating the oxidant, and at least one healing factor chosen from hyaluronic acid, glucosamine and allantoin, in association with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

Abstract: Provided are effective and highly safe agents, medicaments and the like for ameliorating various disorders caused by brain hypofunction. Also provided is a preventing or ameliorating agent for brain hypofunction containing N-acetyl-D-mannosamine, a pharmaceutical composition for preventing, ameliorating or treating disorders due to brain hypofunction, containing an effective amount of N-acetyl-D-mannosamine and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, and a food comprising N-acetyl-D-mannosamine added thereto.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new trimethoxyphenyl inhibitors of tyrosine kinase, pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and methods of use thereof.

Abstract: Described herein are fatty acid carbohydrate-hydroxyl-hybrid compounds and derivatives thereof, and methods of treating or preventing disease and disease symptoms using the compounds and compositions thereof.

Abstract: An ascorbic acid-based composition and related method for the treatment of aging or photo-damaged skin is disclosed. The composition includes water and ascorbic acid, at least a portion of which has generally been pretreated by being dissolved under relatively high temperature and concentration conditions. The composition typically includes at least about 5.0% (w/v) ascorbic acid and may advantageously be formulated to have a pH above 3.5. Generally, the composition also includes non-toxic zinc salt, tyrosine compound, and/or pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. In addition, the composition may include an anti-inflammatory compound, such as aminosugar and/or sulfur-containing anti-inflammatory compound. The topical composition may be in the form of a serum, a hydrophilic lotion, an ointment, a cream, or a gel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new quinoline inhibitors of tyrosine kinases, pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and methods of use thereof.