Abstract: Methods and kits for determining appropriate treatment for illnesses in humans or animals are disclosed. The method includes: providing a test kit containing a random arrangement of drug(s) and placebo(s) and/or alternative treatment(s) along with a questionnaire or other instrument designed to elicit data concerning the safety, efficacy and desirability of a treatment; administering the drug(s) and placebo(s) and/or alternative treatments to each member of the pool in a random, double blind fashion and following up on patient outcomes as appropriate post-study; assembling a database from the completed pool questionnaires and revealing the random schedule to uncover drug and placebo treatment periods; providing the same kit to a patient in need of the same treatment and comparing the results obtained from the single patient trial with those obtained from the pool to determine an optimal treatment for the patient with the drug; and administering a treatment consistent with the optimal treatment.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of &bgr;3-adrenergic receptor agonists for the preparation of healing drugs and to the pharmaceutical compositions for said use.

Abstract: A combination of medicines are administered daily for the relief of the symptoms of an Anxiety Disorder or an Adjustment Disorder With Anxiety. The combination comprises a centrally-acting beta-blocker which passes the brain blood barrier, preferably the beta-blocker betaxolol, and a serotonin-enhancer, for example, the serotonin agonist buspirone or the serotonin reuptake inhibitor sertraline.

Abstract: Patients can be helped to break free of addictive or habit-forming narcotics and anti-depressants, by treatment using two drugs. One drug is dextromethorphan (DM), which has been used for decades as an anti-tussive (cough-suppressing) drug in cough syrups. The other drug is an oxidase inhibitor which suppresses activity of a liver enzyme called cytochrome P450-2D6 (also called debrisoquin hydroxylase, sparteine monooxygenase, cytochrome P450-DB, and CYP2D6). In most patients, this oxidase enzyme rapidly degrades DM and converts it into a metabolite called dextrorphan. An oxidase inhibitor (such as quinidine) which suppresses cytochrome P450-2D6 activity increases the half-life and concentration of DM in the circulating blood. When this combined treatment was administered orally to patients who had become dependent on morphine and anti-depressant drugs because of chronic intractable pain, it initially helped the patients reduce their dosages of morphine and other drugs, including anti-depressants.

Abstract: Controlled cessation of heart beat during coronary bypass surgery and other cardiac surgeries on a beating heart improves surgical technique, and is achieved typically by electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve and administration of a combination of drugs.

Abstract: This invention concerns a method for improving the outcome of cardiac surgery in patients who undergo cardiopulmonary bypass on a heart-lung machine. More specifically, this invention concerns administration of therapeutic agents to improve objective measures of surgical outcome.

Abstract: A method of treating atherosclerosis, independent of lipid lowering, in mammals, including humans, in need of treatment by inhibiting progression of an atherogenic lesion or by stabilizing plaque. Such lesion progression inhibition or plaque stabilization is preferably achieved by directly inhibiting chemokine expression leading to excessive inflammatory cell recruitment by administering certain estrogen agonist/antagonists.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical formulations of mixtures of the D and L configuration of propranolol are disclosed which have antioxidant activity and reduced .beta. blocking activity.

Abstract: 3-Hydroxy-propanamine derivatives and acid salts thereof having chiral centers at the C.sub.1 and C.sub.2 positions exhibit synaptosomal reuptake inhibition of neurotransmitters, and as such represent a new class of psychotropic agents useful as antidepressants.

Abstract: Methods for the stimulation of growth factor expression and for treatment of retinal diseases with alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonists are disclosed.

Abstract: Methods are provided for conducting surgical procedures in a patient wherein, during the surgical procedure, autonomous ventricular electrical conductivity and escape beats are reversibly and transiently suppressed to facilitate the surgical procedure. Also provided are compositions which are capable of inducing ventricular asystole in a patient. The compositions may include an AV node blocker. In one embodiment, compositions including an atrioventricular (AV) node blocker and a .beta.-blocker are provided, wherein the .beta.-blocker is present in an amount sufficient to substantially reduce the amount of AV node blocker required to induce ventricular asystole in the patient. The compositions and methods may be used for inducing temporary ventricular asystole in a beating heart, and to facilitate the performance of a variety of surgical techniques, including minimally invasive microsurgical techniques.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods for the treatment of central nervous system disorders, gastrointestinal disorders, drug abuse, angina, migraine, hypertension and depression by administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount of certain sigma receptor ligands to a patient in need of such treatment. The invention further relates to novel sigma receptor ligands having high binding to the sigma receptor and pharmaceutical compositions thereof. Unexpectedly, certain of the sigma receptor ligands of the present invention have selectivity for the sigma receptor over the DA, PCP and 5-HT.sub.1A receptors.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds that are antagonists of dopamine D4 receptors, and to methods of treating psychosis and schizophrenia using a compound that is an antagonist of dopamine D4 receptors.

Abstract: The present invention features calcilytic compounds. "Calcilytic compounds" refer to compounds able to inhibit calcium receptor activity. Also described are the use of calcilytic compounds to inhibit calcium receptor activity and/or achieve a beneficial effect in a patient; and techniques which can be used to obtain additional calcilytic compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the prevention of coronary artery spasm in mammals by the administration of an effective amount of an antiestrogen compound to block estrogen receptors for the reduction or prevention of the formation of an estrogen--estrogen receptor complex so that estrogen response elements in the DNA of the smooth muscle of the coronary arteries is not activated by the complex. The method of the invention is used to reduce the risk of spasm induced cardiac problems such as sudden infant death syndrome. The antiestrogen is selected from the group consisting of progestins and nonsteroidal antiestrogen compounds.

Abstract: Preeclampsia and preterm labor in a pregnant female mammal are treated by administering thereto a combination of a progestin and a nitric oxide synthase substrate, a nitric oxide donor or both, optionally in further combination with one or more of a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, a PGI.sub.2 -mimetic, a thromboxane (TXA.sub.2) inhibitor, a compound possessing TXA.sub.2 -agonistic and TXA.sub.2 -inhibiting properties, a compound possessing TXA.sub.2 -antagonistic and PGI.sub.2 -memetic activities, and a TXA.sub.2 antagonist.

Abstract: Dysmenorrhea, disfunctional uterine bleeding, preterm labor and postpartum labor in female mammals are treated by inhibiting uterine contractility by administering thereto a nitric oxide synthase substrate, a nitric oxide donor or both, optionally in combination with one or more of a prostaglandin inhibitor, a prostacyclin-mimetic, a progestin, an oxytocin antagonist or a .beta.-agonist in an amount effective to ameliorate the symptoms thereof; and inadequate menses treated and induction of abortion or stimulation of labor in a pregnant female is achieved by uterine contractility stimulation by administering thereto a nitric oxide inhibitor, either alone or optionally in a combination of progesterone antagonist, an oxytocin or oxytocin analogue antagonist or a prostaglandin.

Abstract: Dysmenorrhea, disfunctional uterine bleeding, preterm labor and postpartum labor in female mammals are treated by inhibiting uterine contractility by administering thereto a nitric oxide synthase substrate, a nitric oxide donor or both, optionally in combination with one or more of a prostaglandin inhibitor, a prostacyclin-mimetic, a progestin, an oxytocin antagonist or a .beta.-agonist in an amount effective to ameliorate the symptoms thereof; and inadequate menses treated and induction of abortion or stimulation of labor in a pregnant female is achieved by uterine contractility stimulation by administering thereto a nitric oxide inhibitor, either alone or optionally in a combination of progesterone antagonist, an oxytocin or-oxytocin analogue antagonist or a prostaglandin.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical formulations of mixtures of the D and L configuration of propranolol are disclosed that have antioxidant activity and reduced .beta. blocking activity.

Abstract: New combination of a .beta.-receptor blocker or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and an opioid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, optionally in the presence of a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or any additional agents which may be active or inactive. The new combination confers a synergistic effect, and provides unexpected efficacy in the treatment of pain.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for increasing the effectiveness of dextromethorphan in treating chronic or intractable pain, for treating tinnitus and for treating sexual dysfunction comprising administering dextromethorphan in combination with a therapeutically effective dosage of a debrisoquin hydroxylase inhibitor. A preferred combination is dextromethorphan and the oxidative inhibitor quinidine.

Abstract: New combination of a .beta.-receptor blocker, an enantiomer thereof, and a local anesthetic, administered simultaneously or sequentially, giving excellent pain relief. Also comprised in the invention is the use of a non-selective .beta.-receptor blocker alone, especially a non-selective .beta.-receptor blocker giving pain relief.

Abstract: Metabolites of the D-isomer of propranolol show potent antioxidant activity, independent of .beta.-blocker activity, that make them useful for the treatment of all conditions that can be treated by antioxidants, or any disease that is responsive to antioxidant treatment, for example, diseases or disorders of the cardiovascular system, heart failure, myocardial infraction, atherosclerosis, stroke, hypertension, ischemia/reperfusion injury an inflammatory processes.

Abstract: The compound betaxolol has the chemical formula:1-?4?2-cyclopropylmethoxy)ethyl!phenoxy!-3-?1-methylethyl)amino!-2-propanol .It is administered, preferably orally, once per day in 4-12 mg. tablets for the treatment of symptoms of anxiety disorder in human patients. Such symptoms include those present in Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), which include somatic symptoms such as panic, palpitations and pounding heart.

Abstract: A method of preventing, treating, terminating and protecting against cardiac arrhythmias, such as atrial, supraventricular and ventricular ectopy, tachycardia, flutter or fibrillation, including atrial, supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias resulting from myocardial ischemic injury in a patient in need thereof, comprising administration of a selective I.sub.Ks antagonist and a beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agent, administered in combined therapy either simultaneously, separately or sequentially is presented. Additionally, a pharmaceutical preparation comprising a selective I.sub.Ks antagonist and a beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agent, wherein these compounds are administered simultaneously, separately or sequentially is presented.

Abstract: Fluorinated beta blockers, such as propranolol, are presented with amplified antioxidant effects and various levels of beta blocking effects. Mixtures are also presented of fluorinated antioxidant drugs, such as propranolol, with fluorinated antioxidant non-beta blocking analogs of the same drugs. Methods of treatment of disease by the use of the fluorinated drugs and the mixtures are presented.

Abstract: The invention relates to a plaster for the treatment of nail mycoses, which s characterized by an antimycotically active substance, clotrimazole and bifonazole being excluded.

Abstract: Disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions comprising dipivefrin and levobunolol for topical ophthalmic delivery and a method of treatment comprising administering said composition when indicated for glaucoma and associated conditions such as elevated intraocular pressure in the eyes of humans.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof wherein: R.sup.1 to R.sup.9 are as defined herein and m is the integer 0 or 1.These compounds are beta 3 adrenergic receptor agonists and are useful, therefore for example, in the treatment of diabetes, obesity, gastrointestinal diseases and achalasia.

Abstract: Inhibition of ovulation in a female may be achieved by administering a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, alone or in combination with one or more of a progestin, an estrogen, and an LH-RH antagonist, thereby preventing conception. The stimulation of ovulation in a female may be achieved by administering a nitric oxide source, optionally in further combination with one or more of clomiphene, a gonadotropin, and an LH-RH agonist.

Abstract: The present invention provides an ophthalmic preparation for reducing intraocular pressure comprising 2-[3-dimethyl-amino-2-(2-carboxyethoxy)propionyloxy]-2'-methoxybibenzyl or a salt thereof, which preparation exhibits intraocular pressure reducing activity, without exerting effects on the central nervous system, and can advantageously be used as a prophylactic and therapeutic agent for ocular hypertension and glaucoma bringing about elevated intraocular pressure.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of inhibiting gastric acid secretion in mammals by administering a 5-HT1A agonist compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides a topical anesthetic gel composition, comprising: (a) one or more topical anesthetic agents; (b) an adrenergic sympathomimetic compound; and (c) a pharmaceutical gel component. The present invention also provides a topical anesthetic gel composition, comprising: (a) tetracaine HCl, wherein said tetracaine HCl is contained in said composition in an amount of from about 0.01% to about 1.0% by weight, based upon the total weight of said composition; (b) epinephrine HCl topical solution, wherein said epinephrine HCl is contained in said composition in an amount of from about 0.04% to about 0.1% by weight, based upon the total weight of said composition; (c) cocaine HCl, wherein said cocaine HCl is contained in said composition in an amount of from about 3.0% to about 12.0% by weight, based upon the total weight of said composition; and (d) GELFOAM.RTM., wherein said Gelfoam.RTM. is contained in said composition in an amount of from about 6.0% to about 9.

Abstract: This invention provides a method of selectively antagonizing-the 5-HT.sub.1A receptor in mammals by administering aryloxypropanolamines. Aryloxypropanolamines are also claimed.

Abstract: The power of fluoxetine, venlafaxine, milnacipran and duloxetine to increase the availability of serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine, particularly serotonin, is augmented by administration in combination with a drug which is a serotonin 1A receptor antagonist.

Abstract: The power of fluoxetine, venlafaxine, milnacipran and duloxetine to increase the availability of serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine, particularly serotonin, is augmented by administration in combination with a drug which is a serotonin 1A receptor antagonist.

Abstract: The power of fluoxetine, venlafaxine, milnacipran and duloxetine to increase the availability of serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine, particularly serotonin, is augmented by administration in combination with a drug which is a serotonin 1A receptor antagonist.

Abstract: A hypotensive agent and antiglaucoma agent which comprise a compound represented by the following formula: ##STR1## (wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen, or a lower alkyl or lower alkoxy group; R.sub.2 is an isopropylamino, tert-butylamino, 2-(2-methoxyphenyl)ethyl-1-amino, 4-(2-methoxyphenyl)!-1-piperazinyl or 4-piperonyl-1-piperazinyl group, provided however that in the case of R.sub.1 being hydrogen, R.sub.2 is neither isopropylamino nor tert-butylamino group) or its pharmacologically acceptable salt.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for treating angina pectoris. Pursuant to this method, a .beta.-adrenergic-blocking agent is administered acutely to a person having angina to provide an essentially immediate, therapeutic amount of bioavailable blocking agent. The invention further relates to a method wherein the blocking agent is nasally administered for this purpose.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for inhibiting bone loss comprising administering to a mammal in need of treatment of a bone loss inhibiting amount of a compound of formula I ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen or methyl;R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each are methyl or ethyl, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached represent a saturated heterocyclic group; andX is bromo, chloro, fluoro, or hydrogen; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: Substituted phenoxyhydroxy amines and derivatives thereof are described as well as methods for the preparation and pharmaceutical compositions of same, which are central nervous system agents useful in the treatment of neurological disorders including traumatic brain surgery, stroke, migraine, acute and chronic pain, epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, amyotropic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, psychosis, and depression.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of formula ##STR1## wherein F represents: ##STR2## or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt. The compounds are useful in treating hyperproliferative skin disease, allergic reactions and inflamation.

Abstract: A method for the treatment of ocular hypertension which comprises administering, to a subject in need of such treatment,(a) a .beta.-adrenergic blocker at the enhancement phase of aqueous humor production, and(b) a prostanoic acid compound at the suppression phase of aqueous humor production, andin an amount effective in treatment of ocular hypertension.

Abstract: This invention relates to the treatment of tachyarrhythmias of supraventricular origin. This condition may safely be treated by nasal administration of a composition comprising propranolol dissolved in a pharmaceutically acceptable, aqueous-based carrier. A total dose of up to 20 mg of propranolol may be administered at one time.

Abstract: Optically pure (S) metoprolol, which is substantially free of the (R) enantiomer, is a potent beta-blocker for treating myocardial infarction and for relieving the symptoms of angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia and hypertension in individuals. A method is disclosed utilizing the optically pure (S) configurational enantiomer of metoprolol for treating cardiovascular disorders while reducing undesirable side effects associated with the administration of beta-blockers.

Abstract: New aryloxy-alkylamine derivatives of the general formula I ##STR1## in which A signifies a benzene or thiophene ring, R and R.sub.1, independently of one another, each hydrogen, alkyl, halogen, CF.sub.3 or alkoxy, R.sub.2 alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkaryl or saturated or unsaturated aliphatic or aromatic acyl, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 in each case hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl or cycloalkyl with, in each case, up to 8 C-atoms, whereby R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 can be the same or different but are not simultaneously hydrogen or R.sub.3 and R.sub.4, together with the nitrogen atom connecting them, form a 5- to 7-membered saturated ring or a saturated heterocyclic ring which can possibly contain an oxygen or nitrogen atom as a further heteroatom in the ring, whereby an additional nitrogen atom can be substituted by an alkyl radical with up to 3 C-atoms, and their acid-addition salts possess interesting pharmaceutical properties and are especially suitable as anti-arrhythmics.

Abstract: Novel aryloxyphenylpropylamines having the formula ##STR1## wherein X is H, cyano, halogen, halogenoalkyl, C.sub.1-6 -alkoxy, C.sub.1- -alkyl, C.sub.1-5 -alkanoyl, C.sub.3-5 -alkylene, aryloxy- or aralkoxy, andR is 3,4-methylenedioxy, aryl or heteroaryl which are optionally substituted with one or more cyano, halogeno, C.sub.1-6 -alkyl, C.sub.1-6 -alkoxy, C.sub.1-6 -alkenyl, trifluoromethyl, C.sub.3-5 -alkylene, aryloxy or aralkoxy; andR.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently is C.sub.1-10 -alkyl, C.sub.3-7 -cycloalkyl, C.sub.2-10 -alkenyl, C.sub.3-6 -cycloalkyl-C.sub.1-5 -alkyl, optionally substituted with C.sub.1-5 -alkoxy or cyano; orR.sup.1 and R.sup.2 may together form a carbocyclic ring and a salt thereof with a pharmaceutically acceptable acid,provided however that R.sup.1 is not C.sub.3-7 -cycloalkyl, C.sub.1-10 -alkyl, or alkenyl which may be straight, branched or cyclic, unsubstituted or substituted with C.sub.1-4 -alkoxy, aryloxy or cycloalkyl or cycloalkylalkyl, when X is H and R.sup.2 is a methyl group.

Abstract: A method of using veratridine to inhibit nerve impulses, and a composition of matter including veratridine and epinephrine, is provided. Application of veratridine proximal to a nerve causes depolarization of the nerve membrane, thereby blocking transmission of nerve impules. C-fiber selectivity is demonstrated in vitro in rabbit vagus nerves. Veratridine displays extended anesthetic activity over long periods of time when compared to similar local anesthetics, with no local toxicity. Systemic toxicity is reduced by co-injection with epinephrine.

Abstract: Aryloxypropanolaminotetralins with beta-antagonist activity of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen, hydroxy or methoxy and Ar is an optionally substituted aromatic or heteroaromatic group, in optically active or inactive form as well as their acid addition salts are described.A process for their preparation and pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds of formula (i) or their pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts, are also described.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for treating classical migraine headaches. Pursuant to this method, a therapeutic amount of .beta.-adrenergic-blocking agent is administered to a person suffering a migraine attack promptly upon onset of aura. The invention further relates to a method wherein the blocking agent is nasally administered.