Abstract: The invention provides novel compounds of formulae I and II: that are monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors, which can be useful in treating obesity, diabetes, and/or cardiometabolic disorders (e.g., hypertension, dyslipidemias, high blood pressure, and insulin resistance).

Abstract: A method of promoting or improving the feed efficiency and the muscle-to-fat ratio in animals by administering to the animals a therapeutically effective amount of a mixture of RR-ractopamine and SR-ractopamine is disclosed. Manufacturing methods for making RR/SR-ractopamine are presented.

Abstract: Provided are alkynyl phenyl derivative compounds, pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and methods of treating ophthalmic diseases and disorders, such as age-related macular degeneration and Stargardt's Disease, using said compounds and compositions.

Abstract: The invention discloses methods for screening a reagent for treating or preventing Alzheimer's disease or related neurological pathology. A method according to the invention includes the steps of: (a) activating a receptor and determining a first extent of endocytosis of the receptor, wherein the receptor is a G-protein coupled receptor that associates with presenilin-1; (b) activating the receptor under the same conditions as in step (a), in the presence of a candidate reagent, and determining a second extent of endocytosis of the receptor; (c) determining a difference between the first extent of endocytosis and the second extent of endocytosis; and (d) repeating steps (a)-(c), if the difference is less than a threshold.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to the use of a S1P receptor agonist in the manufacture of a medicament in the treatment of an ocular disorder.

Abstract: Provided are methods, nucleic acids, and arrays for assessing the susceptibility of a subject to the development of cardiotoxicity in response to receiving one or more anthracycline compounds, the method including determining the presence or absence of one or more polymorphisms, wherein the presence or absence of one or more such polymorphisms is indicative of susceptibility to the development of cardiotoxicity.

Abstract: The present application discloses the use of the anti-malarial drug lumefantrine and related compounds in the treatment of cancer.

Abstract: A method of promoting weight loss in animals or humans by administering thereto a therapeutically effective amount of a mixture of RR-ractopamine and SR-ractopamine is disclosed.

Abstract: Methods for the treatment of patients suffering from dry eyes, by using adrenergic beta-receptor agonists, particularly salbutamol and in particular the optically pure or substantially pure R-enantiomer thereof. The embodiments disclosed herein include methods of increasing the Meibomian lipid secretion and thereby reducing or eliminating xerophthalmia symptoms by the administration of formulations containing therapeutically effective amounts of an adrenergic beta-receptor agonist to said patients. In particular, certain embodiments disclosed herein concern compositions that contain R-salbutamol as the active beta-receptor stimulating ingredient. In certain embodiments, the formulations are administered to the ocular surface of the eye and/or to the eyelid (the underside of the eyelid and/or the top of the eyelid) of a patient in need thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to the treatment and diagnosis of organ dysfunction caused by ischemia reperfusion injury. In particular, the invention relates to sphinganine-1-phosphate, a sphingolipid metabolite, and its use in the diagnosing, preventing, and/or treating ischemia reperfusion-associated disorders, including, without limitation, disorders of the kidney, liver, lung, brain, and heart.

Abstract: This invention provides an oscillating baffled reactor apparatus for preparing crystalline particles of at least one substance comprising: a reactor vessel; means for supplying a first flowing stream; means for oscillating fluid within the reactor vessel; a plurality of baffles; source of ultrasonic radiation; and means for collecting said particles.

Abstract: Methods and products for treating or preventing erythema or a symptom associated with erythema in a subject are described. The methods involve topically applying to an affected skin area a topical aqueous gel composition comprising about 0.01% to about 10% by weight of at least one ?-adrenergic receptor agonist and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention relates to a method for identifying a drug candidate with activity as a neuroprotective agent. The method includes determining whether a compound reduces ATF4 activity; and identifying the compound that reduces ATF4 activity as a drug candidate.

Abstract: Methods, compounds, and topical formulations for reduction of skin sagging, creasing and/or wrinkling are disclosed. The methods comprise topically applying a composition comprising an ?2 adrenergic receptor agonist. Amelioration of skin sagging, creasing and/or wrinkling begins within minutes after topical application of a disclosed composition. A single application can significantly reduce skin sagging, creasing and/or wrinkling for at least about 8 hours.

Abstract: The present invention provides a dosage form comprising at least one form of tapentadol, with or without a second analgesic, and at least one opioid antagonist, wherein tapentadol is present in an optimal or suboptimal amount and the said antagonist is present in an amount effective to improve the efficacy and or reduce the side effects of tapentadol. The present invention further provides a method of treating pain and pain related conditions by administering to a patient in need thereof, a dosage form comprising at least one form of tapentadol, with or without a second analgesic, and at least one opioid antagonist, wherein tapentadol is present in an optimal or suboptimal amount and the said antagonist is present in an amount effective to improve the efficacy and or reduce the side effects of tapentadol.

Abstract: A composition, an infusion solution, a method for treatment, and a kit for intravascular administration for treatment of a brain-dead, heart-beating, respirated, potential organ donor. The composition includes a non-adrenaline and amphetamine or an amphetamine-like substance. The composition may in addition include adrenaline, hydrocortisone, thyroxin, insulin, triiodotyronine, dopamine, a vasopressor agent, such as desmopressin, and methylprednisolone. The composition may be dissolved in pure water, Ringer's acetate solution or physiological sodium chloride solution. The composition is infused in such an amount as to maintain a mean arterial pressure of about 60 mmHg.

Abstract: Improved topical gel compositions, such as those containing brimonidine, for the treatment of skin disorders are described. The gel compositions contain carbomer and methylparaben, and are substantially free of methylparaben crystalline particles after an extended period of storage.

Abstract: A method for treating a liver disease such as hepatitis, comprising administering to a patient having the liver disease, an effective amount of a diarylsulfide or diarylether derivative having 2-amino-1,3-propanediol structure, and represented by the following formula (1): or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: Carrier particles for dry powder formulations for inhalation having reduced electrostatic charges are prepared.

Abstract: Methods are provided for treating a subject for a condition. In accordance with the subject methods, at least a portion of a subject's autonomic nervous system is modulated during at least one predetermined phase of the subject's menstrual cycle to alter the parasympathetic activity/sympathetic activity ratio in a manner that is effective to treat the subject for the condition. The subject methods find use in the treatment of a variety of different conditions, including various disease conditions, that increase in severity and/or occurrence during one or more phases of the menstrual cycle. Also provided are systems and kits for use in practicing the subject methods.

Abstract: S1P receptor modulators or agonists are administered following a dosage regimen whereby during the initial days of treatment the daily dosage is lower than the standard daily dosage.

Abstract: A dissolvable nano web porous film has a network structure and a large specific surface area. The network structure is formed by stacking nano fibers that have a thickness of 10˜50,000 nm. The nano fibers are formed of a composition comprising nano fiber forming polymer, a gelling agent, a plasticizer, an optional active component and an optional additive. A method of preparing a dissolvable nano web film comprises producing a polymer melt or solution formed of a composition that comprises a nano fiber forming polymer, a gelling agent, a plasticizer, an optional active component and additives, spinning the melt or solution to form a nano web porous film having nano webs stacked in a network structure, drying the nano web porous film, and stabilizing the nano web porous film. The porous film has a 5˜5000 times higher specific surface area and a 2˜20 times faster dissolving time than a conventional film. The dissolvable nano web porous film has excellent dissolvability and solubility.

Abstract: Compounds that may be used for the treatment or prevention of a condition associated with T-cell proliferation or that is mediated by pro-inflammatory cytokines are of formula (I) or a salt thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates uses of an S1P receptor modulator such as 2-substituted 2-amino-propane-1,3-diol or 2-amino-propanol derivatives, e.g. a compound comprising a group of formula X for the treatment or prevention of neo-angiogenesis associated with a demyelinating disease, e.g. multiple sclerosis.

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward particles for delivery of epinephrine to the respiratory system and methods for treating a patient in need of epinephrine. The particles and respirable compositions comprising the particles of the present invention described herein comprise the bioactive agent epinephrine, or a salt thereof, as a therapeutic agent. The particles are preferably formed by spray drying. Preferably, the particles and the respirable compositions are substantially dry and are substantially free of propellents. In a preferred embodiment, the particles have aerodynamic characteristics that permit targeted delivery of epinephrine to the site(s) of action.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition includes a pharmaceutical polysaccharide and phenylephrine hydrochloride. The ratio of said polysaccharide to phenylephrine hydrochloride is sufficient to dilute the composition such that phenylephrine hydrochloride is stable at high temperature and humidity.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for treating or preventing preterm labor in pregnant female subjects. The method comprises the step of administering a therapeutically effective amount of a Toll-like Receptor 9 antagonist sufficient to prevent the activation of Toll-like Receptor 9 by fetal DNA. The invention further provides compositions comprising a Toll-like Receptor 9 antagonist for use in the methods of the invention. Said compositions and methods enhance gestation and therefore improve neonatal morbidity and mortality.

Abstract: Provided are crystalline forms of O-desmethylvenlafaxine fumarate, methods for their preparation, and pharmaceutical composition thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to crystalline forms and hydrates of 2-Amino-2-[2-(4-C2-20-alkyl-phenyl)ethyl]propane-1,3-diol, and to the use thereof, in particular in the treatment or prevention of various autoimmune conditions.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a composition for local anesthesia to be added to a local anesthetic drug, the composition showing a sustained local anesthetic effect and having high safety. The object is achieved by a composition for local anesthesia including a drug antagonistic to a systemic action of adrenaline, i.e., an ?2 receptor agonist. The ?2 receptor agonist can be added to a local anesthetic agent together with adrenaline or a salt thereof to reduce the amount of adrenaline to be added as compared to that of adrenaline or a salt thereof alone. As a result, a sustained local anesthetic effect is obtained and local anesthesia can be performed with high safety.

Abstract: A new method is found to determine an increased risk for side effects of an SSRI treatment in a person by genotyping the person for the presence of the 102 C/C DNA sequence in the 5-HT2A receptor gene. This provides for a method to improve the treatment of an SSRI responsive disorder and in particular depression.

Abstract: The subject matter disclosed herein relates to compositions and methods for engineering porous particles for aerosol formulations for pulmonary drug delivery. Certain embodiments disclosed herein further relate to methods for stabilizing suspension-based formulations in hydrofluoroalkane propellants with nanoparticles.

Abstract: The invention provides a pharmaceutical combination comprising: a) at least one S1P receptor agonist, and b) at least one JAK3 kinase inhibitor and a method for treating or preventing autoimmune diseases or cell, tissue or organ graft rejection using such a combination.

Abstract: Compositions, methods of making, and methods of using nanoclusters in which the nanoclusters comprise a plurality of nanoparticles having a core of nanoparticles arranged such that the surfaces of the nanoparticles contact adjacent nanoparticles, the nanoparticles comprise an active ingredient, and the nanocluster has a mass median aerodynamic diameter of from about 0.25 ?m to about 20 ?m.

Abstract: A composition and method for pain relief and the treatment and prevention of endothelial dysfunction the cause of atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and stroke in mammals comprising a therapeutically effective amount of anti-inflammatory agents comprising; NSAIDs, an amino sugar and a zinc compound combined with dietary supplements that may enhance longevity.

Abstract: Vasoconstrictors are administered topically to provide protection against the adverse effects, e.g., alopecia, mucositis or dermatitis, induced by chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Appropriate dosages and formulations of topical vasoconstrictors are provided. Methods for the use of such compositions are also provided.

Abstract: Cytosine deaminase inhibitors and methods for identifying inhibitors of the anti-retroviral activity of APOBEC3G are described.

Abstract: Tannate compositions containing active pharmaceutical ingredients to be used for treating nausea, vomiting, pain, convulsions, and insomnia and manufacturing processes for preparing the tannate compositions.

Abstract: A composition formulated for diversion- and/or abuse-resistance, includes at least one active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), each present in an acidic form, a first compound capable of coupling to the acidic form of the API to form a complex, where the resulting complex is resistant to separation by conventional separation methods, and a second compound capable of preferentially coupling to the first compound to thereby release the API from the complex.

Abstract: The present invention features methods and compositions for preventing, reducing, or treating a traumatic, metabolic or toxic peripheral nerve lesion or pain including, for example, neuropathic pain, inflammatory and nociceptive pain by administering to a mammal in need thereof a compound that reduces the expression or activity of BH4. According to this invention, this reduction may be achieved by reducing the enzyme activity of any of the BH4 synthetic enzymes, such as GTP cyclohydrolase (GTPCH), sepiapterin reductase (SPR), or dihydropteridine reductase (DHPR); by antagonizing the cofactor function of BH4 on BH4-dependent enzymes; or by blocking BH4 binding to membrane bound receptors. The compounds of the invention may be administered alone or in combination with a second therapeutic agent. The invention also provides methods for diagnosing pain or a peripheral nerve lesion in a mammal by measuring the levels of BH4 or its metabolites in biological sample.

Abstract: Described herein are methods, compositions and kits related to manipulating hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and more particularly to methods, compositions and kits related to increasing the number of hematopoietic stem cells in vitro, ex vivo and/or in vivo. Also described are methods, compositions and kits related to making an expanded population of HSC and methods, compositions and kits related to using the expanded population of HSC. For example, HSC growth may be enhanced by contacting the nascent stem cells or HSC with an agent that stimulates the nitric oxide signaling pathway.

Abstract: In a method of treating a pharmaceutical component, a reducing substance is added to a solution of water and a pharmaceutical excipient having at least one residual reactive impurity. The reducing substance is allowed to react with the residual reactive impurity, thereby generating an inert reaction product. The any remaining amount of the reducing substance is removed from the pharmaceutical excipient. The pharmaceutical excipient is dried after the removing step.

Abstract: The invention includes a method for simultaneously decreasing the amount of TGF?1 and increasing the amount of TGF?3 produced by a fibroblast, the method comprising contacting the fibroblast with an agent which positively modulates ?2-adrenergic receptor; a method for reducing fibroblast differentiation, the method comprising contacting the fibroblast with an agent which positively modulates ?2-adrenergic receptor; and a method of reducing the deposition of collagen in a subject, the method comprising administering to the subject an agent which positively modulates ?2-adrenergic receptor.

Abstract: The invention relates to the preparation of stable, polymer-based emulsions which have an ionic strength of more than 10 mM in their aqueous phase, and to processes for preparing them and medicaments that can be obtained using these emulsions.

Abstract: A method of making a gel-type livestock feed includes initially forming a feed mixture by mixing feed nutrient components, water, alginate, and a calcium component insoluble in water or a sequestrate to inhibit the calcium component from reacting with the alginate. Once the feed mixture is formed, the calcium component is solubilized or the sequestrates affecting the reactivity between the alginate and the calcium component is removed such that a gel feed is formed that includes a gel matrix containing the feed nutrient components. The gel feed may then be fed to the livestock. In another aspect of the present invention, piglets are weaned by feeding the gel feed for at least seven days directly after weaning. The gel feed may also include protein derived from blood with or without egg protein.

Abstract: A compound of formula V or formula VI for use in the treatment of a demyelinating peripheral neuropathy: wherein X is O, S, SO or SO2, R1 is halogen, trihalomethyl, OH, C1-7alkyl, C1-4alkoxy, trifluoromethoxy, phenoxy, cyclohexylmethyloxy, pyridylmethoxy, cinnamyloxy, naphthylmethoxy, phenoxymethyl, CH2—OH, CH2—CH2—OH, C1-4alkylthio, C1-4alkylsulfinyl, C1-4alkylsulfonyl, benzylthio, acetyl, nitro or cyano, or phenyl, phenylC1-4alkyl or phenyl-C1-4alkoxy each phenyl group thereof being optionally substituted by halogen, CF3, C1-4alkyl or C1-4alkoxy; R2 is H, halogen, trihalomethyl, C1-4alkoxy, C1-7alkyl, phenethyl or benzyloxy; R3 is H, halogen, CF3, OH, C1-7alkyl, C1-4alkoxy, benzyloxy, phenyl or CMalkoxymethyl; each of R4 and R5, independently is H or a residue of formula (a), wherein each of R8 and R9, independently, is H or C1-4alkyl optionally substituted by halogen; and n is an integer from 1 to 4; and the N-oxide derivatives thereof or prodrugs thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate or

Abstract: Disclosed is a pharmaceutical composition containing tulobuterol. More specifically, disclosed is a transepidermal drug delivery system including a drug layer containing tulobuterol and a natural rubber-based adhesive material, and a supporter adhered to one surface of the drug layer to support the drug layer, wherein the natural rubber-based adhesive material comprises 10 to 40 parts by weight of a natural rubber, 54.5 to 85 parts by weight of a rosin ester resin and an acid value controller, and the drug layer has a thickness of 25 ?m to 75 ?m.

Abstract: The present invention relates to suspension formulations, especially those for delivering a pharmaceutically active agent in aerosol form using a spray or aerosol device, such as a pressurised metered dose inhaler (pMDI). The formulations may be for pulmonary, nasal, buccal or topical administration, but are preferably for pulmonary inhalation.

Abstract: A method of promoting or improving the feed efficiency and the muscle to fat ratio in animals by administering to the animals a therapeutically effective amount of a pure or substantially pure RR-isomer of ractopamine is disclosed. Also disclosed are animal feed preparations and compositions and pharmaceutical preparations capable of increasing lean meat deposition in an animal or decreasing body fat, or promoting or improving the growth of an animal or improving the feed efficiency of an animal. Feed preparation, compositions and pharmaceutical preparations including therapeutically effective amounts of a pure or substantially pure RR-isomer of ractopamine are disclosed.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for treating a urinary tract infection (UTI). The methods involve administering to a subject in need thereof a cAMP elevator or agent that mimics cAMP, particularly a labdane diterpene such as forskolin or a derivative or analog thereof in a therapeutically effective amount to treat a UTI. The methods may further include administration of at least one cAMP elevator in combination with one or more additional active compounds from other classes of therapeutic agents, such as antimicrobial agents or cholesterol lowering drugs. Compositions of the invention include pharmaceutical compositions and kits for treating a UTI in a subject in need thereof that include therapeutically effective amounts of at least two cAMP elevators, particularly where one of the cAMP elevators is a labdane diterpene such as forskolin or a derivative or analog thereof.