Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for producing oxygenated terpenoids. Polynucleotides, derivative enzymes, and host cells for use in such methods are also provided.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a gene expression regulating agent which includes astaxanthin and/or its ester as an effective ingredient; and a food and drink having an effect of regulating gene expression which includes astaxanthin and/or its ester. Abnormal gene expression due to, for example, oxidative stress can be treated, improved, and/or prevented, and diseases caused by the abnormal gene expression can be treated, improved, and/or prevented. A gene expression regulating agent which includes astaxanthin and/or its ester as an effective ingredient; and a food and drink having an effect of regulating gene expression which includes astaxanthin and/or its ester are provided and are useful for treating, improving, and/or preventing the symptom caused by the abnormal gene expression, that is, excessive expression or suppression of expression.

Abstract: Provided are pest control compositions, including pest repellent and pesticidal compositions, containing solavetivone, 5-epi-?-vetivone or a derivative or analog thereof, alone or in combination with one or more additional active ingredients. Also provided are formulations containing the compositions and methods of use.

Abstract: The invention describes the preparation and use of carotenoid and epi-lutein compositions to treat various ocular diseases.

Abstract: Provided are pest control compositions, including pest repellent and pesticidal compositions, containing solavetivone, 5-epi-P-vetivone or a derivative or analog thereof, alone or in combination with one or more additional active ingredients. Also provided are formulations containing the compositions and methods of use.

Abstract: A carotenoid-containing composition, comprising: a carotenoid component comprising at least one crystalline carotenoid, at least 90% by mass of the crystalline carotenoid being non-crystalline; a (poly)glycerol fatty acid ester having from 1 to 6 glycerin units and from 1 to 6 fatty acid units and having at least one hydroxyl group from a glycerin unit; and at least one phenolic antioxidant selected from the group consisting of aromatic carboxylic acids, cinnamic acids, and ellagic acids.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel use of sesquiterpenoid compounds, the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, or the extracts of Cyperus rotundus comprising same or the fractions thereof in the prevention or treatment of menopausal diseases. The sesquiterpenoid compound according to the present invention, the extracts of Cyperus rotundus comprising the same or fractions thereof exhibit excellent estrogenic activity or anti-allergic activity, and therefore they can be used for the prevention or treatment of menopausal diseases caused by a decline in estrogen level or by allergic diseases.

Abstract: Provided in the present invention are various labdane diterpenoid compounds and derivatives thereof for use in preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating neurodegenerative diseases. Also provided in the present invention is a semen biotae extract comprising one or more labdane diterpenoid compounds and derivatives thereof for use in preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating neurodegenerative diseases.

Abstract: Methods of treating, reducing, and/or preventing heat stress are provided. For example, provided is a method of treating or preventing heat stress in a subject comprising selecting a subject in need of heat stress treatment or prevention and administering an effective amount of one or more of astaxanthin and milk casein hydrolysate, or a derivative thereof to the subject. Also provided are methods of reducing the effects of a fever in a subject comprising administering an effective amount of one or more of astaxanthin, chromium and milk casein hydrolysate, or a derivative thereof, to the subject. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions, comprising astaxanthin and one or more of chromium or milk casein hydrolysate.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a gene expression regulating agent which includes astaxanthin and/or its ester as an effective ingredient; and a food and drink having an effect of regulating gene expression which includes astaxanthin and/or its ester. Abnormal gene expression due to, for example, oxidative stress can be treated, improved, and/or prevented, and diseases caused by the abnormal gene expression can be treated, improved, and/or prevented. A gene expression regulating agent which includes astaxanthin and/or its ester as an effective ingredient; and a food and drink having an effect of regulating gene expression which includes astaxanthin and/or its ester are provided and are useful for treating, improving, and/or preventing the symptom caused by the abnormal gene expression, that is, excessive expression or suppression of expression.

Abstract: A minimally invasive controlled drug delivery system for delivering a particular drug or drugs to a particular location of the eye, the system including a porous film template having pores configured and dimensioned to at least partially receive at least one drug therein, and wherein the template is dimensioned to be delivered into or onto the eye.

Abstract: The present invention relates to process for the maintaining of a ratio stereoisomers of carotenoid compounds, to specific formulations and to the use of such specific formulations.

Abstract: Nutritional products having improved cohesiveness for promoting safer swallowing of food boluses for patients having swallowing conditions are provided as well as methods of making and using such products. The nutritional products may include nutritional compositions and high molecular weight, water-soluble polymers such that the nutritional products have extensional viscosities that provide improved cohesiveness to the nutritional products. Methods of administering such nutritional products to patients having impaired swallowing ability and/or dysphagia are also provided.

Abstract: Provided herein are bitter taste receptor ligands, related agents, combinations, compositions, methods and systems for modulating release of a metabolic hormone in vitro or in vivo from cells of the GI tract of an individual.

Abstract: (Modified) sorghum protein is used as novel protective hydrocolloid for active ingredients, especially fat-soluble active ingredients and/or colorants. Included are compositions comprising (modified) sorghum protein and at least one active ingredient and to their manufacture, as well as to the (modified) sorghum protein itself and its manufacture. These compositions are used for the enrichment, fortification and/or coloration of food, beverages, animal feed, personal care or pharmaceutical compositions, and to food, beverages, animal feed, personal care and pharmaceutical compositions containing such a (modified) sorghum protein and such a composition, respectively.

Abstract: A substantially anhydrous topical composition comprises a homogenous mixture of (a) a therapeutically effective amount of an ingenol derivative in dissolved form; (b) an oily solvent for the ingenol derivative, (c) an acidic compound, and (d) optionally a pharmaceutically acceptable non-solvent lipid carrier.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for treatment of conditions such as ear pain are disclosed.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides novel glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor modulators such as compounds of Formula (I) or (II), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The present disclosure also provides pharmaceutical compositions, kits, and uses that involve the GLP-1 receptor modulators for regulating blood glucose levels and/or treating diabetes via, e.g., modulating the endogenous signaling pathways mediated by the GLP-1 receptor.

Abstract: A compound of formula (I), a positional or structural isomer thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable base addition salt or acid addition salt thereof, use thereof as a medicament, in particular an anticancer medicament.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of treating humans and animals with terpenes and terpenoids in order to rejuvenate the skin and increase the protective layer against irradiation by ultraviolet radiation (UVR). More specifically it provides terpenes and terpenoids as ingredients that work as persistent UVR blockers. Terpenes and terpenoid compounds support the growth of skin, skin tissue and keratinocytes and additional UVR-blocking by reason of increased stratum corneum thickness and loricrin content. Both terpenes and terpenoids may be applied topically or orally at oral or topical concentrations from about 6 mg to about 600 mg per kilogram of body weight per day effective to stimulate growth of the skin layer and prevent damage from ultraviolet radiation (UVR).

Abstract: Methods of treating, reducing, and/or preventing heat stress are provided. For example, provided is a method of treating or preventing heat stress in a subject comprising selecting a subject in need of heat stress treatment or prevention and administering an effective amount of one or more of astaxanthin and milk casein hydrolysate, or a derivative thereof to the subject. Also provided are methods of reducing the effects of a fever in a subject comprising administering an effective amount of one or more of astaxanthin, chromium and milk casein hydrolysate, or a derivative thereof, to the subject. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions, comprising astaxanthin and one or more of chromium or milk casein hydrolysate.

Abstract: A combination therapy for treating osteoarthritis is disclosed. The combination therapy includes the co-administration of a steroid and Zoledronic Acid. The coadministration of a steroid decreases the production of cytokines, and, therefore, decreases the pro-inflammatory effects of Zoledronic Acid. The co-administration of Zoledronic Acid with steroids treats osteoarthritis, and helps to prevent the onset of osteoarthritis in patients at risk for osteoarthritis.

Abstract: Nutritional products having improved cohesiveness of food boluses and methods of making and using same are provided. The nutritional products may include nutritional compositions and high molecular weight, water-soluble polymers such that the nutritional products have extensional viscosities that provide improved cohesiveness to the nutritional products and Trouton ratios of at least 6. Methods of administering such nutritional products to patients having impaired swallowing ability and/or dysphagia are also provided.

Abstract: Provided are compounds which generally have a triketone structure. Examples of the compounds include derivatives of 1,3-cyclohexanedione, such as: 1,3-cyclohexanedione, 2-propanoyl-5-cyclohexyl-; 1,3-cyclohexanedione, 2-propanoyl-5-[4-fluorophenyl]-; 1,3-cyclohexanedione, 2-acetyl-5-[thien-2-yl]-; 1,3-cyclohexanedione, 2-acetyl-5-butyl-; and 1,3-cyclohexanedione, 2-propanoyl-5-[bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-en-5-yl]-. The compounds can be used to alter the lifespan of eukaryotic organisms and treat inflammation.

Abstract: Methods of using extracts of Melicope to impart anti-lipid benefits to skin and/or improve skin conditions resulting from an over-production of lipids.

Abstract: The present disclosure is generally directed to neuroactive substituted cyclopent[a]anthracenes as referenced herein, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, for use as, for example, an anesthetic, and/or in the treatment of disorders relating to GABA function and activity. The present disclosure is further directed to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds.

Abstract: Compositions (feeding deterrent/repellent for Halyomorpha halys) containing at least two compounds selected from tridecane, E-2-decenal, isolongifolanone, isolongifolenone, and at least one isolongifolenone analog having the following formula: wherein R1 is hydrogen, an oxygen, a C1-10 alcohol, aldehyde, alkyl, ether, or esters of said alcohol with a C1-10 saturated or unsaturated, straight or branched acid and R2 is hydrogen, an oxygen, a C1-10 alcohol, aldehyde, alkyl, ether, or esters of said alcohol with a C1-10 saturated or unsaturated, straight or branched acid; optionally there is a double bond between carbons 5 and 6 and R2 is hydrogen; and optionally a carrier or carrier material. Also methods for deterring feeding/repelling Halyomorpha halys involving treating an object or area with a Halyomorpha halys deterring feeding/repelling effective amount of at least one compound selected from the above compounds.

Abstract: The present disclosure is generally directed to neuroactive substituted cyclopenta[b]phenanthrenes as referenced herein, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, for use as, for example, an anesthetic, and/or in the treatment of disorders relating to GABA function and activity. The present disclosure is further directed to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds.

Abstract: Compounds are disclosed that are useful for treating ophthalmic conditions caused by or related to production of toxic is visual cycle products that accumulate in the eye, such as dry adult macular degeneration, as well as conditions caused by or related to the misfolding of mutant opsin proteins and/or the mis-localization of opsin proteins. Compositions of these compounds alone or in combination with other therapeutic agents are also described, along with therapeutic methods of using such compounds and/or compositions. Methods of synthesizing such agents are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for enhancing endurance and/or for removing fatigue by administering to a subject in need thereof a composition containing an effective amount of nootkatone. The method may be further combined with exercise.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid formulation containing at least one carotenoid, at least one hydrophilic protective colloid and at least one water-miscible alcohol. The formulation according to the invention can be added directly to aqueous or non-aqueous preparations. The invention compositions can be used in animal feed, human food or a dietary supplement and in pharmaceutical and cosmetic preparations.

Abstract: A method for obtaining and topically applying a customized resulting mixture, wherein the customized resulting mixture contains astaxanthin at an individualized concentration, the method comprising: placing in a mixing place a desired amount of a highly concentrated astaxanthin composition of known astaxanthin concentration, the astaxanthin concentration being between about 0.01% to about 5% by weight; placing a proportional amount of a substance near the highly concentrated astaxanthin composition; mixing the substance with the highly concentrated astaxanthin composition to obtain the customized resulting mixture; and, topically applying the customized resulting mixture.

Abstract: A fire ant killer chemical composition (the “FAK Composition”) for effective killing of fire ants where the FAK Composition utilizes a minimal amount of active ingredients thereby significantly reducing safety concerns with respect to the use of said active ingredients, the FAK composition having a dish detergent composition and an insecticide composition.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of treating humans and animals with terpenes and terpenoids in order to rejuvenate the skin and increase the protective layer against irradiation by ultraviolet radiation (UVR). More specifically it provides terpenes and terpenoids as ingredients that work as persistent UVR blockers. Terpenes and terpenoid compounds support the growth of skin, skin tissue and keratinocytes and additional UVR-blocking by reason of increased stratum corneum thickness and loricrin content. Both terpenes and terpenoids may be applied topically or orally at oral or topical concentrations from about 6 mg to about 600 mg per kilogram of body weight per day effective to stimulate growth of the skin layer and prevent damage from ultraviolet radiation (UVR).

Abstract: The present invention provides an efficient method for industrially producing a naturally-derived carotenoid composition with a large amount of a carotenoid such as astaxanthin from a culture of a yeast of the genus Xanthophyllomyces without requiring any special extraction equipment and any complicated refinement process and without any need for organic solvents harmful to humans. Provided is a method for producing a carotenoid composition, including the steps of washing a carotenoid-containing yeast of the genus Xanthophyllomyces with an organic solvent (A) at 30° C. or lower, and extracting a carotenoid from the washed yeast with an organic solvent (B) at 10° C. to 70° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing a carotenoid oil suspension with low viscosity and high fluidity. The method includes the steps of mixing carotenoid crystals with tetrahydrofuran, heating the resulting mixture to a reflux temperature of about 50˜70° C. under stirring, and filtering-the resulting solution to remove fat-soluble fibers. The resulting filtrate is then condensed to dryness, mixed with a ketone solvent, heated to a reflux temperature of about 60˜80° C., and filtered to remove non-soluble phospholipids. The filtrate obtained is condensed to a residue, and absolute alcohol is added to the residue, and then crystallized under stirring at room temperature. The resulting crystals are filtered and dried to-provide carotenoid crystals. The carotenoid crystals are ground and mixed with plant oils to provide a carotenoid oil suspension with low viscosity and high fluidity, which provides easy filling, for example, into capsules.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel 11-step enantioselective approach to the natural product hyperforin, which enables access to a wide variety of hyperforin analogs. The present invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising inventive hyperforin analogs. Hyperforin analogs synthesized using the present synthetic method are envisioned useful in the treatment of various conditions, including, but not limited to, depression and conditions characterized by depression, inflammatory skin conditions, diabetes, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), kidney disorders, and ischemic brain damage.

Abstract: Micro-micelle forms of carotenoids and/or xanthophylls, which show improved absorption and biovailability by living organisms, provide higher levels of carotenoids in the blood stream, and consequently are deposited at the target tissues at a faster rate and more efficiently than crystalline carotenoids are provided. The micro-micelle forms do not contain any crystal forms of carotenoids, and are obtained as micro-micelles after melting Lutein diacetate or Lutein dipropionate in their natural original lipid vegetable matrix, in the presence of lipids, phospholipids, fatty acids, emulsifiers and moisture. The micro-micelle forms can be ingested at a dosage between 2 mg to 50 mg to provide an absorption of the carotenoid solubilizate that is at least 20% above that of crystalline carotenoids, and provides a macular pigment deposit that exceeds at least 10% of Macular Pigment Optical Density, than the deposition obtained by ingesting crystalline Lutein.

Abstract: Chemical entities which are triterpenoid derivatives, pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treatment of inflammatory, neurodegenerative, neoplastic and autoimmune diseases are described.

Abstract: There is provided pet food comprising astaxanthin and/or an ester thereof as an active component and having an effect of deodorizing excrement such as urine and feces, effects of improving sleep, sensibility such as perception and cognition, and visual sense, and an effect of treating, improving or preventing diabetes and diabetic complications. The pet food can deodorize excrement such as urine and feces, improve sleep, sensibility such as perception and cognition, and visual sense, and treat, improve or prevent diabetes and diabetic complications.

Abstract: The invention provides for methods for treating a hair loss disorder in a subject by administering a JAK/STAT inhibitor.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel spiroenones extracted from an alcohol extract of dehulled adlay seeds. The present invention also provides a process for the preparation of the spiroenones and a method for treating breast cancer in a subject, which method comprises administering to said subject an effective amount of the spiroenone and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use canthaxanthin and/or 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 (25-OH D3) for improving breeder hatchability and fertility and for lowering embryo mortality in poultry. More particularly, the invention relates to the use of Canthaxanthin and/or 25-hydroxy canthaxanthin in the manufacture of a food or veterinary composition for improving hatchability in poultry.

Abstract: Provided are compounds that are capable of modulating the activity of the influenza A virus via interaction with the M2 transmembrane protein. Also provided are methods for treating an influenza A-affected disease state or infection comprising administering a composition comprising one or more compounds that have been identified as being capable of interaction with the M2 protein.

Abstract: Beneficial and synergistic effects for alleviating joint pain and symptoms of osteoarthritis and/or rheumatoid arthritis have been found with krill oil and/or marine oil in combination with other active constituents, including astaxanthin and polymeric hyaluronic acid or sodium hyaluronate (hyaluronan) in an oral dosage form.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the direct extraction or dispersion and concentration of naturally-derived active compounds into food-grade edible solvents or excipients directly usable in food, nutraceutical, pharmaceutical or cosmetic products without the use of synthetic organic solvents or organic solvents derived from petroleum or petrochemical products. The method involves a treatment of a multi-component biomass solvent system with microwave energy having a generally uniform high electric field intensity.

Abstract: (Modified) sorghum protein is used as novel protective hydrocolloid for active ingredients, especially fat-soluble active ingredients and/or colorants. Included are compositions comprising (modified) sorghum protein and at least one active ingredient and to their manufacture, as well as to the (modified) sorghum protein itself and its manufacture. These compositions are used for the enrichment, fortification and/or coloration of food, beverages, animal feed, personal care or pharmaceutical compositions, and to food, beverages, animal feed, personal care and pharmaceutical compositions containing such a (modified) sorghum protein and such a composition, respectively.

Abstract: Provided are compounds that are capable of modulating the activity of the influenza A virus via interaction with the M2 transmembrane protein. Also provided are methods for treating an influenza A-affected disease state or infection comprising administering a composition comprising one or more compounds that have been identified as being capable of interaction with the M2 protein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel derivatives of glycyrrhetinic acid, compositions comprising said derivatives and their use in the treatment of conditions or diseases that benefits from an upregulation of PPAR? and/or a downregulation of the expression or activity of one or more specificity (Sp) proteins, such as cancer, diabetes and Huntington's disease.

Abstract: Provided is an agent for reducing odors of pyrazine derivatives based on an olfactory receptor antagonism. The agent for reducing odors of pyrazine derivatives includes at least one antagonist of olfactory receptor OR5K1 as an active ingredient.