Abstract: A regenerative or protective topical skin preparation includes idebenone (6-(10-hydroxydecyl)-2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1,4-benzochinol) or a derivative of idebenone.

Abstract: The composition of the present invention comprises vitamin E compounds in addition to carotenoid compounds. Carotenoid compounds and vitamin E compounds are preferably administered according to the method of the present invention such that the daily dosage of carotenoid compounds is 1-100 mg, and the daily dosage of vitamin E compounds is 10-200 mg. When capsules comprising 10 mg natural lycopene, 6 mg natural &bgr;-carotene, 3 mg natural &agr;-carotene, 1 mg other natural carotenoids, and &agr;-tocopherol were administered to hepatic cirrhosis patients over a period of 5 years, the incidence rate of hepatic cancer after 5 years in the group who took the capsules was one-third that of the group who did not take the capsules. Significant cancer-preventive effects in humans are manifested for the first time in the composition of the present invention.

Abstract: Coated cyclodextrin and carotenoid complexes are stable against oxidation and exhibit higher biouptake than oil-based, lipophile based, and micellular carotenoid compositions. The coating may be an oil, or a naturally occuring, optionally derivatized polymer or a pharmaceutically acceptable synthetic polymer.

Abstract: An anti-atherosclerosis composition comprising a LDL-oxidation inhibiting effective amount of phytoene, phytofluene or mixtures thereof and a method for inhibiting the progression of atherosclerosis.

Abstract: The present invention includes compositions and methods for treatment of prostate cancer which involve the use of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate combined with a retinoid such as all-trans-retinoic acid or paclitaxol, wherein the drugs are administered together, and further wherein the combined use of these agents results in a synergistic effect on prostate tumor cell growth.

Abstract: A composition for lowering blood pressure comprising an effective amount of a carotenoid selected from among a group consisting of lycopene, phytofluene, phytoene, astaxanthin and cathaxanthin or mixtures thereof. Further disclosed is a method for lowering blood pressure.

Abstract: Supplement to be enterally administered for parenteral nutrition or partial enteral/oral nutrition of the critically ill, the chronically ill and people with malnutrition

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions without added iron and methods for prophylactic nutritional supplementation and therapeutic nutritional supplementation. Specifically, the method involves administering to an individual a composition comprising carotenoids, vitamin E, vitamin D, vitamin C, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, folic acid, pyridoxine, biotin, pantothenic acid, cobalamin, magnesium, manganese, zinc, selenium, chromium, copper, alpha lipoic acid, and lutein, wherein the composition is free of added iron.

Abstract: The present invention describes linking a therapeutic agent to a compound which is known to be naturally concentrated in a tissue affected by, or that is causing, a disease, to create a prodrug for treatment of the disease. Embodiments of the present invention include a new class of carotenoid-linked drugs to treat such blinding retinal disease such as age-related macular degeneration, retinoblastoma, and diabetic macular edema. For example, the present invention comprises a method for the treatment of a disorder of the eye comprising linking a therapeutic agent to a xanthophyll carotenoid to create a prodrug, and administering a therapeutically effective amount of the prodrug to an individual in need of treatment. Provided are prodrugs for treatment of retinoblastoma, cystoid macular edema (CME), exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macular edema, or inflammatory disorders.

Abstract: A carotenoid substance called zeaxanthin, when ingested orally at suitable dosages such as 30 to 100 mg/day for a span of 1 to 2 weeks, can provide effective protection against sunburns, and can; give skin a darker tint that emulates a healthy suntan. In tests involving adults, it was found that zeaxanthin dosages of 30 to about 80 mg per day were sufficient to induce: (i) a mild but noticeable tinting, shading, or darkening of skin color, comparable to a mild suntan; (ii) a substantial increase in the person's ability to withstand elevated levels of sun or UV exposure without any subsequent pain or discomfort, and without the subsequent peeling and flaking that characterizes sunburns; and, (iii) an increased ability of reddened and sunburned skin to convert into intact skin that looks browned and healthily tanned.

Abstract: The invention features compositions containing an antioxidant and/or a gingkolide compound to reduce inflammation. Combination drug therapy using antioxidant and/or a gingkolide compound with an anti-inflammatory agent reduces adverse side effects associated with many known anti-inflammatory agents.

Abstract: The invention concerns a composition containing, in a physiologically acceptable medium: (a) at least a DHEA derivative selected among 7-hydroxy DHEA and 7-keto DHEA, and (b) at least a carotenoid. The invention also concerns cosmetic and dermatological uses of said composition, in particular for preventing or treating actinic skin ageing symptoms.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of treating and/or preventing vascular diseases characterized by nitric oxide insufficiency by administering a therapeutically effective amount of at least one antioxidant, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and at least one of isosorbide dinitrate and isosorbide mononitrate, and, optionally, at least one nitrosated angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, nitrosated beta-adrenergic blocker, nitrosated calcium channel blocker, nitrosated endothelin antagonist, nitrosated angiotensin II receptor antagonist, nitrosated renin inhibitor, and/or at least one compound used to treat cardiovascular diseases. The antioxidant is preferably a hydralazine compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: A free radical quenching composition is disclosed comprising a liposome containing at least two antioxidants selected from the following group: beta-carotene, vitamin E, vitamin C, glutathione, niacin, and optionally at least one trace metal (Zn, Se, Cr, Cu, Mn). Also disclosed is a method for reducing the undesirable side effects of free radicals in a mammal by administering to a mammal in need of such antioxidants an effective amount of liposomes containing at least two antioxidants.

Abstract: Intimate admixtures of at least one carotenoid and at least one isoflavonoid are well suited for treating the undesirable cutaneous signs of skin aging, in particular the determination of the skin and/or of the mucous membranes by inhibiting the activity and/or the expression of collagenases and by increasing the synthesis of collagen.

Abstract: Intimate admixtures of at least one carotenoid having provitamin A activity and at least one carotenoid devoid of provitamin A activity are well suited for treating the undesirable cutaneous signs of skin aging, in particular the determination of the skin and/or of the mucous membranes by inhibiting the activity and/or the expression of collagenases and by increasing the synthesis of collagen.

Abstract: Intimate admixtures of at least one carotenoid and at least one extract of at least one plant of the genus Rosmarinus are well suited for treating the undesirable cutaneous signs of skin aging, in particular the determination of the skin and/or of the mucous membranes by inhibiting the activity and/or the expression of collagenases and by increasing the synthesis of collagen.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systemic formulations comprising beta-carotene and derivatives thereof and a solubilizer selected from tetrahydrofuran (THF), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and mixtures thereof. Generally, the formulations are administered to animals in need thereof in therapeutically effective amounts of beta-carotene and derivatives thereof for the purpose intended. The solubilizers greatly enhance the bioavailability of beta-carotene administered systemically. Another embodiment of the present invention is a method for administering beta-carotene and derivatives thereof to an animal in need thereof by administering the formulation of the present invention. Yet another embodiment is a method for treating an animal in need thereof by administering a therapeutically effective amount of the formulation of the present invention.

Abstract: A composition for inhibiting an increase in, or lowering, a blood sugar level, which comprises, as a main component, a concentrate of a hot water or alcohol extract of leaves of Lagerstroemia speciosa, Linn. or Pers. and has an corosolic acid content of 0.01 to 15 mg per 100 mg of the concentrate, and a method of inhibiting an increase in, or lowering, a blood sugar level by oral administration of the composition.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions and methods for increasing the secretion of mucus within the reproductive tract of a female mammal.

Abstract: A nutritional or dietary supplement composition that strengthens and promotes retinal health through the prevention, stabilization, reversal and/or treatment of visual acuity loss by reducing the risk of developing late stage or advanced age-related macular degeneration in persons with early age-related macular degeneration. The nutritional or dietary supplement composition may likewise reduce the risk of vision loss associated with the development of cataracts. The essential ingredients of the nutritional or dietary supplement composition are vitamin C, vitamin E, beta-carotene, zinc and copper. The essential ingredients are preferably provided in a tablet form suitable for oral ingestion. Preferably the composition is taken in the form of one or two tablets taken twice daily.

Abstract: A bactericidal preparation in the form of a solution, cream or ointment is disclosed. The preparation comprises a liquid compounded from photosynthesized hydrocarbons, isolates from hydrocarbons, 2-hydroxy-1-isopropyl-4-methyl-benzene (thymol) and butylated hydroxytoluene.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for improving the cell protection which comprises the administration of a combination of the extracts of the plants Vitis vinifera and Lycopersicon esculentum with the vitamins C, E, beta-carotene and optionally selenium. Said combination can be used in the prevention of phatological conditions related in part to an overproduction of free radicals like aging, arteriosclerosis and cancer.

Abstract: A process for the production of bulk materials containing small quantities of one or more active substances by application of liquids, in which a) the active substance is dissolved in water or optionally emulsified with the addition of an emulsifier and b) the solution or emulsion containing water, active substances and optionally emulsifier is applied on to the bulk material, which is in particular mixed feed for animal nutrition.

Abstract: The invention is directed to dietary supplements including a core of lysine and bromelain and, optionally, including lycopene. Supplements can further include at least one of Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Vitamin B12, CoEnzymeQ10, lycopene, folic acid, selenium, lecithin and quercetin. Supplements can also further include lutein or xanthin. A preferred supplement includes 5000 mg lysine, 125 mg bromelain, 250 mg Vitamin C,800 IU Vitamin E, 500 mcg Vitamin B 12, 200 mg CoEnzymeQ10, 10 mg lycopene, 800 mcg folic acid, 100 mcg selenium, 250 mg quercetin and 2400 mg lecithin. The supplements have dietary uses or can be used to alleviate dementia-related symptoms.

Abstract: A method for prevention and treatment of multiple sclerosis and other demyelinating conditions is disclosed. The method includes two subsequent phases. In each phase, a patient orally administers daily a regimen which includes a specific combination of amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins and minerals. The particular regimens provide vital nutrients necessary to re-build fatty acids that may have been lost or reduced in the myelin sheathing and other locations of brain, therefore decrease one's susceptibility to multiple sclerosis and prevent reoccurrence of the disease.

Abstract: An improved platelet gel wound healant, and methods of preparation and use thereof for healing wounds are disclosed. The improved wound healant comprises a therapeutically effective amount of activated growth factors and ascorbic acid with optional one or more additional anti-oxidant such as vitamin A and/or E, and optional one or more antibiotics.

Abstract: Zeaxanthin (ZX) or other medically or commercially important carotenoids can be prepared in microcrystalline form, in an oily carrier liquid, to increase their bioavailability following oral ingestion. Initial processing is carried out to prepare a “rough” or “coarse-grained” carotenoid preparation containing relatively large particles of the ZX or other carotenoid, in a suitable form such as a lyophilized stable powder. The coarse-grain preparation is dissolved in a suitable solvent such as tetrahydrofuran, and mixed with a carrier liquid comprising a digestible oil (such as a vegetable oil) and an emulsifying agent. The resulting oil-and-solvent mixture is injected, along with inert gas such as nitrogen, into a vacuum chamber, where a suitable vacuum and temperature combination is used to remove the solvent in a rapid “flash” manner which does not give the carotenoid crystals time to grow larger through accretion or aggregation.

Abstract: A process for producing a carotenoid emulsion which comprises heating a suspension of the carotenoid in a high boiling organic liquid, by passing the suspension through a conduit of 0.1 to 50 mm inside diameter heated to a temperature in the range of 120 to 700° C. for a residence time of 0.05 to 5 seconds or by mixing the suspension with a high boiling organic liquid heated to the range of 120 to 500° C. for a time of 0.05 to 10 seconds, to dissolve the carotenoid, and then immediately adding the resulting solution into an aqueous solution of an emulsifier to emulsify the solution. By this production process, an emulsion containing a carotenoid as an effective ingredient can be produced with the carotenoid maintaining a high total trans-form proportion, with good productivity, conveniently, and industrially advantageously.

Abstract: The use of specific perfume ingredients, e.g. tricyclodecenyl allyl ether, to repel insects. The perfume ingredients may be used in a composition comprising from 0.1 to 40 percent by weight of one or more of the perfume ingredients. Preferably at least one of the perfume ingredients has a hydrophobicity such that the common logarithm of the octanol-water partition coefficient, log P, of the perfume ingredient is in the range 1.0 to 6.0.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the DNA sequence for eukaryotic genes encoding &egr; cyclase isolated from romaine lettuce as well as vectors containing the same and hosts transformed with said vectors. The present invention provides methods for controlling the ratio of various carotenoids in a host and to the production of novel carotenoid pigments. The present invention also provides a method for treating disease by administering carotenoids obtained from transformed hosts, or by administering a composition containing the transformed hosts.

Abstract: A novel formulation is provided that serves to synergistically inhibit the generation of free radicals and oxidative stress in warm blooded animals. The formulation comprises an effective amount of a first component of a carotenoid species, and, as a second component, a tocotrienol species and derivatives thereof, and provides for synergistic anti-oxidant activity.

Abstract: A lycopene &egr; cyclase from spinach is described, as is production of lutein in microorganisms by expression of the lycopene &egr; cyclase.

Abstract: The present invention provides, amongst others, a means to overcome the problem of oxidative stress in the domestic cat and dog. There is provided a method for increasing the plasma vitamin E level in a cat or dog, the method comprising the step of administering to said cat or dog, an amount of Vitamin E sufficient to increase the plasma vitamin E level. There is also provided use of vitamin C in the manufacture of a dog or cat foodstuff for the prevention or treatment of a disorder which has a component of oxidative stress. The present invention utilizes an antioxidant cocktail to overcome the problem of oxidative stress in a cat or dog. Such cocktail can be used to prevent or treat a disorder which has a component of oxidate stress or to maintain, optimise or boost immunological response.

Abstract: Composition and methods for prevention and treatment of a respiratory infection. A composition comprising a single terpene, a terpene mixture, or a liposome-terpene(s) composition is disclosed. The composition can be a true solution of an effective amount of an effective terpene and a carrier such as water. The composition can be a suspension or emulsion of terpene, surfactant, and carrier. The composition(s) of the invention can be administered before or after the onset of the disease. Administration can be, for example, by spraying the respiratory tract with a solution of the present invention. Prevention and treatment of a respiratory infection by the inhalation of a solution containing a single bioactive terpene, a bioactive terpene mixture, or a liposome-terpene(s) composition before or after the onset of the infection is described. A true solution of terpene and water can be formed by mixing terpene and water at a solution-forming shear rate in the absence of a surfactant.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and compositions for regulating the melanin content of mammalian melanocytes; regulating pigmentation in mammalian skin, hair, wool or fur; treating or preventing various skin and proliferative disorders; by administration of various compounds, including alcohols, diodls and/or triols and their analogues.

Abstract: Prevention and treatment of digestive tract infections in humans and animals by orally administering a single terpene, a terpene mixture or a liposome-terpene(s) composition before or after the onset of a gastro-intestinal infection. Such infections may include traveler's diarrhea, ulcers, anthrax and other bacterial and parasitical infections.

Abstract: A clear aqueous formulation for topical application in the oral cavity of humans to treat leukoplakia contains water, &bgr;-carotene, a water miscible polyol, an unsaturated fatty acid ester, and a surfactant, preferably polyethoxylated castor oil. The formulation preferably also contains a pharmaceutically acceptable anti-oxidant, preferably d-alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E), and is in the form of an oral rinse or as a gel well suited for spreading on gums or other parts of the oral cavity. The formulation is applied in a gel form on a substantially regular daily basis to areas in the oral cavity where leukoplakia lesions are present. Persistent application of the gel results in substantial diminution or total elimination of the leukoplakia lesions.

Abstract: A therapeutic formulation in the form of a beadlet, suitable for oral administration and adapted to provide immediate and sustained release of therapeutic material. Each beadlet comprises an extruded-spheronized inner core containing at least one medicament e.g. a slow release vitamin, an outer layer containing at least one medicament e.g. a fast release vitamin and a controlled release coating between the inner core and the outer layer which coating controls the release of the inner core medicament.

Abstract: A method for preventing the adverse effects which may he associated with the administration of at least one hormone to a subject without detectable cancer comprising administering to such subject at least one carotenoid. The method of the instant invention can be utilized to prevent a variety of adverse effects associated with the administration of hormones, including for example, an increased risk for developing cancer. The instantly claimed method prevents such adverse effects without inhibiting the beneficial activity of the hormone. Further provided by the present invention are compositions which are useful for preventing the adverse effects associated with the administration of hormones. The compositions of the instant invention may be in unit dosage form suitable for daily administration to a human.

Abstract: A clear aqueous formulation for topical application in the oral cavity of humans to treat leukoplakia contains water, &bgr;-carotene, a water miscible polyol, an unsaturated fatty acid ester, and a surfactant, preferably polyethoxylated castor oil or POE(20) sorbitan monooleate The formulation preferably also contains a pharmaceutically acceptable anti-oxidant, preferably d-alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E), and is in the form of an oral rinse or as a gel well suited for spreading on gums or other parts of the oral cavity. The formulation is applied in a gel form on a substantially regular daily basis to areas in the oral cavity where leukoplakia lesions are present. Persistent application of the gel results in substantial diminution or total elimination of the leukoplakia lesions.

Abstract: A substantially homogeneous composition for human administration comprises a biologically active lipophilic compound dissolved in or associated with at least one micelle-forming lipid. For example, cyclosporin A is dissolved or dispersed in the mixture of PC and MAPC. The composition may be made by dissolving the lipid material in ethanol, adding the lipophilic compound to the ethanol and removing the ethanol, after which the composition may be formulated for human oral administration.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a crystalline carotenoid compound, such as &bgr;-carotene, with a purity of at least 95% and with substantially no solvent enclosed in the crystal lattice. The present invention further describes a process to prepare such a highly pure crystalline carotenoid compound from microbial biomass, without the use of a solvent extraction and/or an anti-solvent crystallization process.

Abstract: A method for preventing or combating chapping, tautness and/or redness comprising topical application onto skin or mucous membranes of a composition comprising, in a physiologically acceptable medium, preferably from 0.00001 to 0.1% of a retinoid and/or a carotenoid, and preferably from 0.001 to 1% of acexamic acid or a salt thereof is provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a composition comprising an oil with a high content of essential fatty acids of &ohgr;3 and &ohgr;6 type, preferably blackcurrant seed oil, and at least one compound selected from &bgr;-carotene, lycopene, tocopherol and its derivatives, tocotrienols and their derivatives, ascorbic acid and nicotinamide, as a nutritional supplement intended for preventing and/or combating the harmful effects of xenobiotics on the skin, in particular on the skin's immune system.

Abstract: Disclosed is an aqueous solution of ascorbic acid which contains an excess of an emulsifier with an HLB value of about 9 to about 18, for example a polysorbate, a method of manufacture of such solution and applications thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an extract of the Minari plant containing a component which prevents cancer and cancer metastasis. More particularly, the present invention relates to a Minari extract which is useful for the prevention of cancer and cancer metastasis induced by urethane (EC (ethylcarbamate)), which is a carcinogen present in fermented foods or alcoholic beverages, or by NNK[{(4-N-methyl-N-nitrosoamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-buta none)}], which is a carcinogen present in cigarette smoke.

Abstract: Non-absorbent articles are disclosed. The non-absorbent articles include an effective amount of an isoprenoid inhibitory compound such as a terpene to substantially inhibit the production of exotoxins by Gram positive bacteria.

Abstract: A multinutrient nutritional supplement is provided that is designed to be most effective in optimizing health, increasing the immunity and decreasing the instances and severity of infection particularly among children.

Abstract: An emulsion comprising: water; hydrophilic particles; and hydrophobic particles; wherein the hydrophilic and hydrophobic particles form shells encapsulating a gas that are suspended in the water, said shells comprising an external layer of hydrophilic particles and an internal layer of hydrophobic particles adjacent to the layer of hydrophilic particles.