Abstract: Synthetic tear fluid comprising

Abstract: A novel pharmaceutical composition is provided by which nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are added directly to phospholipid-containing oil such as lecithin oils or to a bio-compatible oil to which an phospholipid has been added to make a NSAID-containing formulation that possess low gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity and enhanced therapeutic activity to treat or prevent inflammation, pain, fever, platelet aggregation, tissue ulcerations and/or other tissue disorders. The composition of the invention are in the form of a non-aqueous solution, paste, suspension, dispersion, colloidal suspension or in the form of an aqueous emulsion or microemulstion for internal, oral, direct or topical administration.

Abstract: Angiogenic endothelial cells are selectively targeted with lipid/DNA complexes or cationic liposomes containing a substance which affects the targeted cells by inhibiting or promoting their growth. A site of angiogenesis can be precisely located by administering cationic liposomes containing a detectable label. The complexes may comprise nucleotide constructs which are comprised of promoters which are selectively and exclusively activated in the environment of an angiogenic endothelial cell.

Abstract: The development and growth of oviparous species such as birds is enhanced by in ovo administration of an enteric modulator such as HMB. The enteric modulator is administered into the amnion, where it is then orally ingested by the subject. The enteric modulator enhances the enteric development of the subject prior to hatch, and enhances the growth of the animal before and after hatch.

Abstract: The present invention comprises compounds, compositions thereof, and methods capable of delivering a broad range of anionic molecules to the cytoplasm of mammalian cells. In certain embodiments, the present invention relates to compounds, compositions thereof, and methods that enhance the ability of mammalian red blood cells to deliver oxygen, by delivering a ligand for the allosteric site of hemoglobin to the cytoplasm of the red blood cells.

Abstract: The invention concerns a pharmaceutical or cosmetic composition, characterised in that it comprises at least a compound for inhibiting Langerhans' cell migration, said active compound being selected in the group consisting of protein kinase C (PKC) inhibiting compounds, matrix metalloprotease (MMP) inhibiting compounds, and combinations thereof, and at least a pharmaceutically or cosmetically acceptable carrier. Said composition enables to inhibit considerably Langerhans' cell migration induced by the presence or an allergenic agent.

Abstract: An anti fibrotic agent, comprising a sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor agonist or sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) as an active ingredient. Since an S1P receptor agonist, particularly S1P, has activity of inhibiting fibrosis in various organs, it is useful in preventing and/or treating diseases caused by fibrosis in organs, such as pulmonary fibrosis, interstitial pneumonia, chronic hepatitis, hepatic cirrhosis, chronic renal failure, renal glomerulosclerosis, etc.

Abstract: A combination of chemical agents reduces reductive stress by limiting the accumulation of high-energy electrons potentially available to the electron transport chain. A method of metabolic uncoupling therapy comprises: analyzing a specific physiologic process involving reductive stress; identifying a plurality of MUT agents that modulate metabolic pathways by influencing electron flux; and formulating a combination of MUT agents that limits the accumulation of high-energy electrons potentially available to the electron transport chain.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds, which are phospholipid derivatives of valproic acid, to compositions comprising said compounds and their use for treating epilepsy, migraine, bipolar disorders and pain.

Abstract: A product and the use thereof to stimulate and/or modulate immune response in animals and humans, comprising lipids having a glycerol backbone carrying at least one alkyl or acyl chain, wherein the lipid is phospholipid, glycolipid or neutral lipid, saturated or unsaturated, and the number of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon tails lies between (10 and 22) inclusive, the lipids being defined as esters of glycerol (propane 1,2,3-triol) with fatty acids, also including 1,2-di-O-acylglycerol joined at oxygen (3) by a glycosidic linkage to a carbohydrate, also derivatives of glycerol in which one hydroxy group, commonly but not necessarly primary, is esterified with fatty acids, and execluding those organic compounds consisting of a trisaccharide repeating unit with oligosaccharide side chains and acyl or amine linked fatty acids.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of formula I which are prodrugs of caspase inhibitors and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. This invention further relates to the release of caspase inhibitors from these compounds through selective bond cleavage. This invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds, which are particularly well-suited for treatment of caspase-mediated diseases, including inflammatory and degenerative diseases. This invention further relates to methods for preparing compounds of this invention.

Abstract: After interruption of blood supply to central nervous system tissue, cerebral edema sets in. It has been shown that restoring blood flow to injured areas of the central nervous system after the onset of edema does not result in blood reperfusing the tissue. A composition and method for treating injured central nervous tissue, or preventing injury to central nervous system tissue is provided. The composition is generally an amphipathic lipid in an oil solution. The method provides for withdrawing cerebrospinal fluid from the subarachnoid spaces around the tissue to be treated or protected, and replacing that fluid with an approximately equivalent volume of the amphipathic lipid in oil composition. The treatment can be augmented with agents that suppress production of cerebrospinal fluid, or with other known agents.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods and materials involved in diagnosing and treating autoimmune conditions. In particular, the invention relates to methods and materials involved in diagnosing arthritis conditions that are accompanied by an NADPH oxidase deficiency, methods and materials involved in treating, preventing, or delaying the onset of arthritis conditions that are accompanied by an NADPH oxidase deficiency, and methods and materials involved in identifying agonists and antagonists of NADPH oxidase activity.

Abstract: The presented invention relates to a medication containing a therapeutically effective amount of phosphatidylcholine as active substrate for treatment of disease where phosphatidylcholine has an advantageous, protective effect on the mucosa of large intestine. The invention also relates to the use and application form of phosphatidylcholine for local treatment of inflammation of the large intestine and prophylaxis against cancer of the colon. Phosphatidylcholine can be administered as a rectal installation for local treatment of inflammation (in rectum or pouch) as well as in orally administered delayed-release form. The orally administered, delayed-release form of phosphatidylcholine prevents absorption in upper intestine and thus provides targeted release in the lower sections of the small intestine or colon.

Abstract: The invention relates to a drug combination comprising 1:1-30:1 mass ratio blend of lecithin with 10.00-99.99 mass % L-alpha-phosphatidylcholine content and ascorbic acid which is suitable for the preservation and increase of the physical and cognitive performance of healthy and sick people.

Abstract: A method for prevention and treatment of multiple sclerosis and other demyelinating conditions is disclosed. The method includes two subsequent phases. In each phase, a patient orally administers daily a regimen which includes a specific combination of amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins and minerals. The particular regimens provide vital nutrients necessary to re-build fatty acids that may have been lost or reduced in the myelin sheathing and other locations of brain, therefore decrease one's susceptibility to multiple sclerosis and prevent reoccurrence of the disease.

Abstract: Novel methods of synthesizing heteroatom-containing porphyrins and metalloporphyrins are disclosed. Novel heteroatom-containing porphyrin and metalloporphyrin compounds are also disclosed. The new methods advantageously utilize metal-catalyzed cross-coupling and amination reactions to produce porphyrin compounds useful in a variety of practical applications.

Abstract: Cytotoxic tumor therapy in a patient is enhanced by co-administration of sphingomyelin. The invention most likely enhances a tumor cell's ability to undergo ceramide-induced apoptosis by increasing the levels of sphingomyelin in all cellular compartments, thereby providing sufficient substrate for activated sphingomyelinase. A method of treating rheumatoid arthritis also is provided.

Abstract: Novel synthetic forms of etherified oxidized phospholipids and methods of utilizing same for preventing and treating atherosclerosis and other related disorders, as well as inflammatory disorders, immune mediated diseases, autoimmune diseases and proliferative disorders, are provided. In addition, methods of synthesizing etherified and esterified oxidized phospholipids and of using same for preventing and treating atherosclerosis and other related disorders are also provided.

Abstract: A means and method for treating pulmonary fibrosis and vaginitis in animals is described. The compositions include surfactant lipids in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Surfactant lipids have been found to suppress the synergistic effect of bleomycin and SP-A in enhancing proinflammatory cytokine production. Surfactant lipids are also effective in the prevention and treatment of pulmonary fibrosis resulting from exposure to inflammatory agents affecting cytokine production. Furthermore, surfactant lipids are effective in treating attenuating the effect of proinflammatory cytokine production in vaginitis.

Abstract: A process for preventing a protozoal disease by the administration of an alkyl phosphocholine to a human being.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a composition for topical use comprising a free sphingoid base and a ceramide. The compositions of the invention are suitable for application to skin conditions associated with an impaired barrier function, in particular to skin conditions further associated with a deranged regulation of cell growth and differentiation, an inflammatory condition and/or an infectious state.

Abstract: A hydrophobic drug delivery system that includes a plant derived sterol (stanol), lecithin or a sterol (stanol) derived ester, and an active, hydrophobic drug, all dissolved and then dried to form a liposome delivery system.

Abstract: A phospholipidic composition with an L-&agr;-glycerophosphatidyl-choline concentration of at least 10% by weight is described, where said composition is granular also contains, in addition to L-&agr;-glycerophosphatidylcholine, at least one granulation aid selected from the group consisting of a monophosphate, diphosphate or triphosphate of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal or a mixture thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to drug formulations for stimulating leukopoiesis and for treating tumor diseases and protozoal diseases, and acariasis and diseases caused by arthropods, which formulations are characterized in that they comprise an effective mixture composed of a) at least one phospholipid compound of the formula I: 1

Abstract: This invention provides methods for screening a modulating agent which when combined with antitumor therapeutic agent increases apoptosis in tumor cells. This invention also provides methods for screening antitumor therapeutic agents suitable for combination therapy with a protein kinase C inhibitors capable of potentiating apoptosis in tumor cells. This invention further provides different combination therapies comprising the specific protein kinase C inhibitors and the antitumor therapeutic agents.

Abstract: The invention concerns the use for treating periodontitis of a fluid pharmaceutical composition for controlled release of at least one active substance comprising: a) a therapeutically efficient amount of at least an active substance; b) 3 to 55 wt. % of phospholipid; c) 16 to 72 wt. % of one or several pharmaceutically acceptable solvents; and d) 4 to 52 wt. % of at least one fatty acid. Said composition is characterised in that it has the property of being gelled instantaneously in the presence of an aqueous phase.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of a composition for local percutaneous delivery of a drug such as a muscle relaxant, more particularly cyclobenzaprine in an organogel cream. The composition is applied by the patient directly to the skin over accessible muscles of mastication i.e., masseter and temporalis. The composition is rapidly absorbed through the skin to provide control of harmful habits such as bruxism and tooth clenching. The composition can also be applied to the skin overlying these muscles to control muscle hyperactivity (spasm) and/or trigger points, from other causes. The composition can be formulated to include another active agent such as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, for example ketoprofen.

Abstract: For the repair of injured bone or cartilage, an oxygen enriched material is formed with a high-level (partial pressure) and amount (volume) of dissolved oxygen to support tissue healing. The oxygenated material can be placed in a container having an air valve and pressurized in the container with oxygen to supersaturate the material. The resulting container can be sterilized and transported for use. Immediately prior to use, the valve can be operated to vent the pressure in the container thereby facilitating access to the material. The material can then be applied directly to the hard tissue injury. Absorption of the oxygen to facilitate healing can be enhanced with the use of ultrasonic energy. An oxygen inhibiting film can be placed over the material to direct the oxygen toward the wound.

Abstract: A method of vehicle modulated administration of an anticonvulsive agent to the nasal mucous membranes of humans and animals is disclosed. The vehicle system is an aqueous pharmaceutical carrier comprising an aliphatic alcohol, a glycol and a biological surfactant such as a bile salt or a lecithin. The pharmaceutical composition provides a means to control and promote the rate and extent of transmucosal permeation and absorption of the medicaments via a single and multiple administration. Nasal administration of the pharmaceutical preparation produces a high plasma concentration of the anticonvulsant nearly as fast as intravenous administration. Such compositions are particularly suitable for a prompt and timely medication of patients in the acute and/or emergency treatment of status epilepticus and other fever-induced seizures.

Abstract: The present invention features compositions and methods for treating emphysema by reducing the amount of force the fibers in the lung (e.g., the collagen and elastin fibers in the walls of the alveoli) must bear. More particularly, in one embodiment, the invention features a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising a lipid that, when applied to an enlarged alveolus (e.g., an alveolus having a diameter substantially larger than (e.g., 5, 10, 20, 50, or 100% or more than) the average alveoli in a healthy patient (i.e., a patient with no discernable lung disease), exerts a surface tension within the alveolus that substantially reduces the stress on fibers within the alveolus when inflated by a normal inspiration. The composition can display a &ggr;* of about 30 to about 70 dynes/cm.

Abstract: This invention relates to synthetic and semi-synthetic compositions having biological activity, and to the uses thereof in the treatment and/or prophylaxis of various disorders in mammalian patients. More particularly it relates to preparation and use of synthetic and semi-synthetic bodies, which after introduction into the body of a patient, produce beneficial anti-inflammatory, organ protective and immune regulatory effects. The invention also relates to treatments and compositions for alleviating inflammatory and autoimmune diseases and their symptoms.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for treating osteoporosis using the compositions are disclosed where the compositions have reduced GI toxicity and improved bio-availability and include a bisphosphonate and zwitterionic phospholipid.

Abstract: A method of treating excessive blood lipid levels in humans is described. The treatment includes a daily dosage of food supplements available over-the-counter without a prescription. The supplements are fish oil concentrate, niacin (flush free), and lecithin. In the preferred embodiment two 500 mg tablets of niacin, 2 1200 mg soft gels of lecithin, and two 1250 mg soft gels of fish oil concentrate are administered orally once to twice per day.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutically acceptable dosage form of water insoluble porphyrins, particularly metal containing porphyrins such as tin porphyrin, which can be complexed with a lipid, reconstituted from a lyophilizate and administrated to a patient in the treatment of cancer and other diseases.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a lipid-based delivery system for administration of an active drug substance selected from lysolipid derivatives which are particularly useful in the treatment or detection of parasitic infections, especially parasitic infections which cause an elevated PLA2 level in the infected mammal. Preferred parasitic infections are infections wherein the life cycle of the parasite involves the liver and/or spleen of the infected organism.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of CDP-Choline or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts for the preparation of a medicinal product for the treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome at daily doses equivalent to 0.5-2 g of free CDP-Choline.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel compounds that function as immunological adjuvants when co-administered with antigens such as vaccines for bacterial and viral diseases, to novel adjuvant formulations which include at least one of the adjuvant compounds of the invention, to novel immunostimulatory compositions which comprise an antigen and at least one of the adjuvant compounds of the invention, and to methods for the immunization of an animal by co-administration of a compound of the invention with an antigen against which the animal is to be immunized.

Abstract: A lipid or other hydrophobic or amphiphilic compound (collectively referred to herein as “hydrophobic compounds”) is integrated into a polymeric matrix for drug delivery to alter drug release kinetics. In embodiments where the drug is water soluble, the drug is released over longer periods of time as compared to release from the polymeric matrix not incorporating the hydrophobic compound into the polymeric material. In contrast to methods in which a surfactant or lipid is added as an excipient, the hydrophobic compound is actually integrated into the polymeric matrix, thereby modifying the diffusion of water into the microparticle and diffusion of solubilized drug out of the matrix. The integrated hydrophobic compound also prolongs degradation of hydrolytically unstable polymers forming the matrix, further delaying release of encapsulated drug.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for improving the efficiency of a drug containing a free carboxy group, the improvement comprising esterifying said carboxy group to the hydroxy group of the glycerol portion of a glycerolphospholipid ester having the formula: or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof wherein one of R1 and R2 is hydrogen and the other is hydrogen, a hydrocarbyl fatty acid acyl group having 4-26 carbon atoms or a hydrocarbyl heteroatom fatty acid acyl group having 3-25 carbon atoms, or and R is a naturally occurring polar head group characteristic of a glycerophospholipid isolated from endogenous sources; R3 is hydrogen or lower alkyl and R4 is hydrogen, hydrocarbyl containing from 1-18 carbon atoms in a principal chain and up to a total of 23 carbon atoms, said principal chain may contain 1-5 double bonds or 1-2 triple bonds; phenyl which may be unsubstituted or substituted with lower alkyl; naphthyl which may be unsubstituted or substituted with low

Abstract: A means and method for treating pulmonary fibrosis in animals is described. The compositions include surfactant lipids in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Surfactant lipids have been found to suppress the synergistic effect of bleomycin and SP-A in enhancing proinflammatory cytokine production. Surfactant lipids are also effective in the prevention and treatment of pulmonary fibrosis resulting from exposure to inflammatory agents affecting cytokine production.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to prepare substances which are excellent in delivery and enable drugs to be retained in a body effectively over a long period and to construct a drug delivery system using the substances. When the delivering substance which is obtained by reacting polyalkylene glycol or a reactive derivative thereof, a phospholipid and a drug with each other to form covalent bonds is administered systemically or topically, the substance is retained at a target site in a body for a long period, thereby making it possible to sustain drug efficacy over a long period by a single administration.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition for parenteral administration comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a protein or polypeptide and substantially neutral colloidal particles. The particles comprise approximately 1-20 mole percent of an amphipathic lipid derivatized with a biocompatible hydrophilic polymer which carriers substantially no net charge. The protein or polypeptide is capable of externally binding the colloidal particles, or is capable of binding polyethylene glycol, and is not encapsulated in the colloidal particles. A preferred protein is factor VIII, whose half-life is extended and which is protected from serum inhibitor antibodies by injecting it as a component of the composition.

Abstract: The present invention is a food supplement for a human body's natural immune function, formed from natural occurring substances in the form of a broth.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composition that includes a material that is susceptible to degradation and a preserving agent in an amount effective to preserve the material comprising one or more reduced malto-oligosaccharide species. The preserving agent can include a single reduced malto-oligosaccharide species or a plurality of such species. Further disclosed is a method of preserving a material. The method generally includes contacting the material with a preserving agent containing a preserving effective amount of one or more reduced malto-oligosaccharide species. Solutions, powders, glasses, gels, and the like containing the chemically reactive material(s) and a preserving effective amount of one or more reduced malto-oligosaccharide species may be prepared.

Abstract: Termite foods mixed together in a matrix suitable to be used as baits and attractants for termites are provided. This termite matrix is preferred by termites over naturally-occurring foods such as deadwood, trees and wood used in human constructions, and other known termite matrices. It comprises cellulose, water and termite-preferred nutrients. Methods of monitoring the presence of termites using such matrices, and methods of controlling termites using such matrices to deliver termite toxins are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for topical use for treating and improving the aesthetic conditions of the skin, which comprises, as an active ingredient, a mixture of ethyllinoleate and triethylcitrate. This composition is active in the treatment of seborrhea and acne.

Abstract: The integrity, barrier function, cohesion and antimicrobial defense of the stratum corneum pH are improved by acidification, which is achieved by the application of low pH buffers, enzymes, phospholipids or salts with monovalent cations.

Abstract: A method and composition for treating a dry eye condition by topically applying to the eye surfaces an emulsion forming a tear film that acts to lubricate the eye and to inhibit evaporation therefrom. The emulsion is constituted by water in which is dispersed a mixture that includes a phospholipid, a non-polar oil, a non-toxic emulsifying agent and a polar lipid that imparts a net positive charge to the film that is distributed throughout the film, causing the film to be electrostatically attracted to the anionic surface of the eye whereby the film adheres thereto and cannot be washed away. Includable in the mixture is a non-soluble therapeutic agent, such as cyclosporin which is effective against an eye disease and is delivered to the eye by the film.

Abstract: A composition for targeted vesicular for treatment of H-Pylori infections and for protection of the cell. The composition contains lectins, phospholipids, sterols, and one or more drugs. The composition is useful for treating H-Pylori infections and other diseases associated therewith and also helps in protecting cell walls.