Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a dual-function protein for regulating blood glucose and lipid metabolism, wherein said dual-function protein comprises a human GLP-1 analog and human FGF21. In the present disclosure, provided is a method for preparing said dual function protein, and also provided is the use of said dual-function protein in the preparation of a biological substance for treating type 2 diabetes, obesity, dyslipidemia, fatty liver disease and/or metabolic syndrome. The dual-function protein provided in the present disclosure can synergistically regulate blood glucose and lipid levels in vivo, and satisfy multiple requirements for patients with type 2 diabetes such as lowering blood glucose, relieving hepatic steatosis, reducing body weight and improving metabolic disorders of circulating lipids.

Abstract: Provided herein are pharmaceutical compositions comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a lipophilic compound and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier adapted for pen-ocular transdermal delivery of the lipophilic compound to one or more periorbital glands and/or the ocular surface tissues of a subject. Further provided herein are methods of using such pharmaceutical compositions for providing relief of one or more signs or symptoms of an ocular disease, methods of using one or more Meibomian glands (and meibum therein) as a drug delivery system for a lipophilic compound (e.g., a steroid) to the ocular surface, and kits related thereto.

Abstract: Aminocarboxylate chelating agents are described having generic formulas selected from the group consisting of (A) and (B) wherein R1 through R5 are as further defined herein. Compositions containing at least one of these aminocarboxylate chelating agents are also described. The compositions are useful for example as detergent compositions for laundering clothing and compositions for cleaning dishes, in particular cleaning dishes using automatic dish washing devices.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds including but not limited to of any one of formulas Ia, Ib, IIa, IIb, IIIa, IIIb, and IV to VI, VIIa, VIIb, VIIIa, VIIIb and VIIIc as described herein and their tautomers and/or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, compositions, and methods of uses thereof.

Abstract: A flushing solution is described which is suitable for use in surgical, in particular ophthalmological, operations and which contains a non-Newtonian fluid. The use of such a flushing solution is also described. The flushing solution can be used as an intraoperative instrument, particularly as an instrument for manipulating intraocular structures such as retina.

Abstract: Topical drug delivery systems for ophthalmic use including mixed nanomicellar formulations of water-insoluble drugs and methods of treating diseases affecting the posterior ocular segments are disclosed. In an embodiment, an aqueous ophthalmic solution includes nanomicelles in a physiologically acceptable buffer, having a pH of 5.0 to 8.0, wherein a corticosteroid at a concentration from about 0.01% w/v to about 1.00% w/v is solubilized through entrapment in a mixed micellar hydrophobic core with a corona composed of hydrophilic chains extending from the hydrophobic core, wherein the nanomicelles comprise vitamin E TPGS at a concentration ranging from about 3.0% w/v to about 5.0% w/v stabilized with octoxynol-40 at a concentration ranging from about 1.0% w/v to about 3.0% w/v.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of treating disorders of the retina comprising administering to a patient in need of such treatment a compound selected from the group consisting of olanzapine, certain of its metabolites, clozapine, and n-desmethyl clozapine.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a topical ophthalmic composition for a liquid comprised of clear colloidal polar nanolipids delivered in submicron sized particles, aqueous colloidal lubricants, aqueous polymers, emulsifies, and a unique stabilizing buffer system, which undergoes a liquid-gel phase transition in the eye. Said composition is designed to deliver advanced eye lubricants, protect the three (3) layers of corneal film from dryness, and provide a unique system of Dry Eye treatment that addresses and treats all three layers of corneal tear film. Said composition is further designed to provide a superior delivery system of various Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs), and/or anti-infective/antibiotic/anti-fungal agents, accepted as safe and efficacious for ophthalmic use.

Abstract: The subject invention relates to a method of preparing a biocompatible polymer comprising epsilon-linked L-lysine having free alpha-amino and carboxy functions. The invention further encompasses the resulting biocompatible polymer and articles made from the polymer, in particular contact and intraocular lenses.

Abstract: A method for optimizing pupil size in individuals suffering from excessive pupillary dilation in dim light as well as through medication is disclosed. Alpha 1 antagonist is applied in an eye drop formulation to the eye, resulting in reduced pupil size in dim light, but less reduction in pupil size in bright light.

Abstract: Ophthalmic compositions containing norketotifen and methods of making the same and the use thereof are disclosed. The methods also comprise administering to the eyes of a mammal in need thereof topical ophthalmic compositions containing norketotifen.

Abstract: A composition comprising from about 0.001% to about 0.4% cyclosporin A, a surfactant, and an oil having a specific gravity from 0.8 to 0.95 is disclosed herein.

Abstract: A composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of cyclosporin A, a blend of oils having a specific gravity of from 0.90 to 1.07, and a surfactant is disclosed herein.

Abstract: Provided is a method for improving day photopic vision and/or cone-derived visual field and visual function in a subject suffering from a retinal disease or trauma including administering to the subject a pharmaceutically effective amount of crude Dunaliella powder. Also provided is a method for improving night vision and/or rod derived visual field in a subject suffering from a retinal disease including administering to the subject a pharmaceutically effective amount of crude Dunaliella powder. A pharmaceutical composition for improving day vision and/or visual field in a subject suffering from a retinal disease including crude Dunaliella powder is also provided.

Abstract: Compositions of and methods for using synthetic retinoids as retinoid replacements and opsin agonists are provided.

Abstract: Compositions comprising ketorolac tromethamine at a therapeutically effective concentration of less than 0.5% are disclosed herein. Methods of treating or preventing ocular pain using said compositions are also disclosed herein.

Abstract: Disclosed is a sustainedly drug-releasing hydrogel contact lens which can sustainedly release an anionic medicament such as an allergy-treating agent in a mildly irritating and effective manner while achieving vision correction. Specifically disclosed is a hydrogel comprising ionic monomers composed of at least a cationic monomer and an anionic monomer, wherein the component ratio of the ionic monomers is 5 to 20 mol % inclusive relative to the total amount of monomers that constitute the gel, and the content of the anionic monomer is 15 to 25 mol % inclusive relative to the content of the cationic monomer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to development of efficacious pharmaceutical implant compositions comprising an active agent in a therapeutically effective amount and a polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of at least 2000.

Abstract: Compositions comprising ketorolac tromethamine at a therapeutically effective concentration of less than 0.5% are disclosed herein. Methods of treating or preventing ocular pain using said compositions are also disclosed herein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for treating asthenopia, accommodative dysfunction or ocular pain comprising an administration of a specific prostaglandin compound to a mammalian subject. The present invention also relates to a composition for treating asthenopia, accommodative dysfunction or ocular pain comprising a specific prostaglandin compound.

Abstract: The use of low molecular weight amino alcohols in ophthalmic compositions is described. These compounds have been found to enhance the efficacy of anti-microbial preservatives.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an ophthalmic solution comprising a prostaglandin compound and viscosity-increasing compound. The ophthalmic solution of the invention is excellent in stability and can provide long lasting and increased effect when administrated topically to the eyes of a patient.

Abstract: The present invention relates to method of treating retinal diseases in a subject in need of such treatment, which comprises administering a therapeutically effective amount of a composition comprising a ester pro-drugs of [3-(1-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)ethyl)-2-methylphenyl]methanol, processes for preparing them, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their use as pharmaceuticals.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes compositions which improve visual acuity and to methods for their use.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of preventing a fibrotic response and/or scarring in a wound, comprising administering to a subject a composition comprising an amount of an amide or ester of an alpha-ketoalkanoic acid effective to inhibit a proliferative and/or fibrotic response in the wound. In one instance, the wound is to a subject's cornea, such as a wound resulting from refractive surgery. In one embodiment, the amide or ester of an alpha-ketoalkanoic acid is ethyl pyruvate.

Abstract: The present invention includes methods for treating Meibomian gland dysfunctions. The invention also includes methods for improving tear lipid composition, for treating abnormal Meibomian gland secretion and for normalizing Meibomian gland secretions.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds and methods for the treatment of LFA-1 mediated diseases. In particular, LFA-1 antagonists are described herein and these antagonists are used in the treatment of LFA-1 mediated diseases. One aspect of the invention provides for diagnosis of an LFA-1 mediated disease and administration of a LFA-1 antagonist, after the patient is diagnosed with a LFA-1 mediated disease. In some embodiments, the LFA-1 mediated diseases treated are dry eye disorders. Also provided herein are methods for identifying compounds which are LFA-1 antagonists.

Abstract: Self-preserving ophthalmic formulations containing norketotifen and methods of making the same and the use thereof in patients suffering from xerophthalmia are disclosed. The methods also comprise administering to the eyes of a mammal in need thereof, self-preserving topical ophthalmic formulations containing norketotifen, free from any added preservative.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions and methods for whitening of eyes. The provided compositions and methods utilize low concentrations of selective ?-2 adrenergic receptor agonists. The compositions preferably include brimonidine.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds and methods for the treatment of LFA-1 mediated diseases. In particular, LFA-1 antagonists are described herein and these antagonists are used in the treatment of LFA-1 mediated diseases. One aspect of the invention provides for diagnosis of an LFA-1 mediated disease and administration of a LFA-1 antagonist, after the patient is diagnosed with a LFA-1 mediated disease. In some embodiments, the LFA-1 mediated diseases treated are dry eye disorders. Also provided herein are methods for identifying compounds which are LFA-1 antagonists.

Abstract: The present invention provides an ophthalmic composition which stabilizes the tear film during wearing contact lens, prevents eye dryness, imparts a favorable sensation in using, is highly convenient with no risk of misuse and shows a high efficiency in the course from manufacturing to sales. More specifically, the present invention provides a wetting solution—eye drops for contact lenses comprising (A) one or more member(s) selected from the group consisting of a cellulose-based polymer, a vinyl-based polymer, polyethylene glycol and dextran; and (B) a terpenoid.

Abstract: Methods of using a cycloheptathiophene compound for the treatment of xerophthalmia are described, as are formulations and compositions for such treatment.

Abstract: Lipoxin A4 and its analogs have been discovered to promote the cell proliferation of cornea endothelial cells, and thus promote the proper functioning of the labile tissue layer of cornea endothelial cells. These lipoxin compounds can be administered alone or in combination with other known compounds as a solution that can be topically administered to decrease the swelling of the cornea or maintain the clarity of the cornea. Lipoxin A4 or its analogs can also be combined with other known nutritive compounds to form a solution for storage of a cornea prior to transplantation.

Abstract: A drug for sedating a patient, and especially a smoker, during eye surgery. The drug includes a sedative such as midazolam in a mix with nicotine. The mixture is injected into the patient prior to the eye surgery.

Abstract: The present invention provides for compositions, medicaments, and methods for treating or alleviating the symptoms of dry eye syndrome or chronic dry eye. More specifically, the present embodiments provide for medicaments consisting of tocopherol or tocotrienol eyedrops. A single topical administration of tocopherol or tocotrienol eyedrops in the eyes of a subject suffering from dry eye alleviates symptoms for at least one day. In particular, the eyedrop medicament consists of ?-tocopheryl acetate; ?-tocopheryl acetate and about 0.5% aqueous component; or ?-tocopheryl acetate, about 2.5% tocopherol emulsifier, and about 20% to about 30% aqueous excipient.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for treating disorders of the outer retina with ?-adrenoceptor antagonists are disclosed.

Abstract: The method comprises steps of: providing a nutraceutical including, in combination, 1.13 to 3 mg lutein and 18.8 to 51.2 mg omega fatty acids and 1.9 to 5.2 mg grape seed extract and 1.9 to 5.2 mg alpha lipoic acid; determining the weight of each dose of the components in the combination based upon an amount per kg body weight of the animal patients; and administering 1 dose of nutraceutical per day to animals suffering from ocular health issues including any degenerative retinal disease and diabetic cataracts and prior to and following cataract surgery for the diminishment and prevention of secondary cataracts.

Abstract: Methods for treating disorders of the eye and/or disorders of a nerve in a human or veterinary patient by delivering to the patient a therapeutically effective amount of a compound selected from the group of; urea, urea derivatives, thiourea, thiourea derivatives, guanidine, guanidine derivatives and compounds having General Formula I as set forth herein. For ophthalmic applications, the compound may be delivered by intravitreal injection such that the compound causes vitreal liquefaction, posterior vitreoretinal detachment and other affects.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a lens care solution having 0.001 to about 5 weight percent of a low molecular weight amine of the general formula: where R1, R2, R3 and R4 are —H or low molecular weight radicals, and R5 is a low molecular weight radical, or salt thereof; an effective amount of a tonicity agent; and the balance water.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of treating an outer eye disorder selected from a cataract, neovascularization, keratitis, epithelium deficiency, or chronic opacity, by administering to the eye a composition comprising acidic electrolytic water. The present invention also relates to a stable acidic electrolyzed oxidizing water characterized by low conductivity, the presence of dissolved chlorine gas (Cl2), hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and chloride ions (Cl?), and by the presence of negligible quantities of hypochlorite ion (OCl?).

Abstract: An in-situ gel ophthalmic drug delivery system for estrogen containing an estrogen, a solubilizing and complexing agent, a humectant, a sorbic acid or sorbic acid based stabilizer, an optional chelating agent and gellan gum in the amount of about 0.1-0.5% w/v, optionally 0.1-0.3% w/v, of the composition.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are stable formulations suitable for the treatment of glaucoma and ocular hypertension.

Abstract: A pharmaceutically acceptable agent able to acidify the cell cytoplasm for the manufacture of a pharmaceutical composition useful for causing immunosuppression in a person or animal, where an effective amount of the agent is administered in an essentially non-dissociated form to the person or animal, and where the agent is admixed with a carrier to adjust the pH of the composition to the pH range 6.1 to 7.0. A pharmaceutical composition is also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a technique for preventing the decomposition of latanoprost (a thermally unstable substance) contained in an eye-drop solution to stabilize the eye-drop solution. Specifically disclosed is an eye-drop preparation comprising latanoprost and carteolol hydrochloride. By adding carteolol hydrochloride to an eye-drop solution containing latanoprost which is a thermally unstable substance and is likely to be adhered on the surface of a container, it becomes possible to prevent the decomposition of latanoprost in the eye-drop solution and also prevent the loss of latanoprost caused by the adsorption of latanoprost on the surface of a container.

Abstract: The ophthalmic composition of the invention comprises (A) lecithin and (B) at least one refrigerant selected from the group consisting of camphor, borneol, eucalyptus oil, and bergamot oil. In the ophthalmic composition, the odor of lecithin is efficiently masked by the refrigerant. The odor of lecithin after aging is also masked by the refrigerant. Since the refrigerant is volatile, the concentration thereof in a composition tends to gradually decrease. It is surprising that the odor of lecithin after aging can nevertheless be masked.

Abstract: A method, device, and system for easier, consistent, and comfortable delivery of therapeutic agents to the front of the eye.

Abstract: Ophthalmic composition that includes 0.05% w/v to 2% w/v diglycine or a salt thereof; 0.01 ppm to 3 ppm poly(hexamethylene biguanide); 1 ppm to 10 ppm ?-[4-tris(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium chloride-2-butenyl]poly[1-dimethylammonium chloride-2-butenyl]-?-tris(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium chloride; and 0.1% w/v to 2% w/v of one or more boron buffering compounds.

Abstract: Provided are methods and compositions for treating ocular conditions characterized by the presence of unwanted choroidal neovasculature, for example, neovascular age-related macular degeneration. The selectivity and sensitivity of, for example, a photodynamic therapy (PDT)-based approach can be enhanced by combining the PDT with an ansamycin analog or heat shock protein 90 inhibitor, for example, 17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pharmacology, medicine, opthalmology, and, in particular, concerns a class of chemical compounds of structure (I) and also their solvates, isomers or prodrugs applicable when incorporated into pharmaceutical compositions also containing pharmaceutically acceptable carrier which can be useful for prophylaxis and treatment of different eye pathologies such as cataract and macular dystrophy.

Abstract: Compositions comprising ketorolac tromethamine at a therapeutically effective concentration of less than 0.5% are disclosed herein. Methods of treating or preventing ocular pain using said compositions are also disclosed herein.