Abstract: Post-operative method for the treatment of ocular pain following corneal reprofiling surgery by topical administration of an ophthalmic nonsteroidal solution and an ophthalmic steroidal composition. The nonsteroidal solution comprises a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent such as diclofenac sodium and the steroidal composition contains a corticosteroid such as fluorometholone. These ophthalmic medicaments when used in combination reduce the post-operative pain particularly associated with phototherapeutic keratectomy and photorefractive keratectomy performed with an excimer laser and promote re-epithelialization over the reprofiled corneal surface.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid composition comprising difluprednate, oil, water and an emulsifier. The composition of the present invention has superior antiinflammatory action and antiallergic action. The composition of the present invention shows superior transfer to a lesion and uniform drug distribution upon administration, as compared to conventional preparations containing difluprednate, so that it shows sufficient efficacy in a smaller dose. The inventive composition is associated with extremely less uncomfortable feeling and foreign sensation upon administration, as compared to conventional preparations containing difluprednate, and it can be administered easily to local sites of eye, nose, ear and the like.

Abstract: An eyedrop composition comprising a solution of naloxone hydrochloride in a mixture of water and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable polyhydric alcohol which is stable over long periods of time and is useful in opioid addiction testing

Abstract: Methods for the treatment of glaucoma are described. The compounds described cause a perturbation of cell adhesions in the trabecular meshwork, mainly via disruption of the associated cytoskeletal structures or the modulation of their interactions with the underlying membrane. Perturbation of these adhesions reduces the resistance of the trabecular meshwork to fluid flow and thereby reduces intraocular pressure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of at least one thermal spring water from the Vichy basin as substance P antagonist in a cosmetic composition or for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition. The invention also relates to the use of at least one thermal spring water from the Vichy basin in a cosmetic composition or for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition, more especially a dermatological composition, intended for treating disorders associated with excessive synthesis and/or release of substance P.

Abstract: The topical application, at a dose rate less than or equal to 0.1 mg day, to the ocular surface or adjacent regions of the eye of a preparation containing a therapeutically effective amount of an androgen or androgen analogue or a therapeutically effective amount of TGF-.beta. is disclosed as a method of relieving the chronic and acute manifestation of dry eye signs and symptoms in keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS), for example in Sjogren's syndrome.

Abstract: The present invention describes an ophthalmic composition comprising diclofenac potassium, the use of said composition as a medicament for treating inflammatory conditions of the eye, for treating glaucoma or for treating ear inflammatory and/or painful conditions (otitis); as well as the use of diclofenac potassium in the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for treating any inflammatory condition of the eye, for treating glaucoma or for treating ear inflammatory and/or painful conditions (otitis).

Abstract: Compositions and methods useful for protecting human or animal eye cell layers and tissues exposed to trauma, e.g., during surgery, are disclosed. In one embodiment, the method comprises administering a protective amount of an ophthalmically acceptable aqueous composition containing a first alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal hyaluronate fraction having a molecular weight of at least about 2 million, for example, in the range of about 2 million to about 4 million, and a second alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal hyaluronate fraction having a molecular weight of about 200,000 to about 800,000, for example, in the range of about 300,000 to 700,000, to eye cell layers and tissues prior to the exposure to the trauma.

Abstract: An ocular composition for prevention, stabilization, reversal and treatment of age related macular degeneration, cataracts, elevated ocular pressure, diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma.

Abstract: A topical drug application for the alleviation of kerato-conjunctivitis sicca (dry eye syndrome) is comprised of a solution of 17-.beta.-estradiol suspended or dissolved in a vehicle, and the method of preparation and application of the same. In the preferred embodiments, 17-.beta.-estradiol is in a lipid vehicle or 17-.beta.-estradiol 3-phosphate disodium dissolved in an aqueous vehicle having a pH of between about 6 to about 8. This invention may also be useful in treating other conditions where KCS may occur, such as post-operative corneal transplant patients and patients who cannot receive replacement estrogen therapy.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel dithiocarbamate disulfide dimer useful in various therapeutic treatments, either alone or in combination with other active agents. In one method, the disulfide derivative of a dithiocarbamate is coadministered with an agent that inactivates (or inhibits the production of) species that induce the expression of nitric oxide synthase to reduce the production of such species, while, at the same time reducing nitric oxide levels in the subject. In another embodiment, free iron ion levels are reduced in a subject by administration of a disulfide derivative of a dithiocarbamate(s) to scavenge free iron ions, for example, in subjects undergoing anthracycline chemotherapy. In another embodiment, cyanide levels are reduced in a subject by administration of a disulfide derivative of a dithiocarbamate so as to bind cyanide in the subject. In a further aspect, the present invention relates to compositions and formulations useful in such therapeutic methods.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of EP.sub.2 receptor agonists as neuroprotective agents. In particular said compounds are represented by the formulae: ##STR1## wherein the broken line attachment to the cyclopentane ring or the omega chain indicates the .alpha. configuration and the solid line attachment to the cyclopentane ring or the omega chain indicates the .beta. configuration, R is hydrogen or a saturated or unsaturated acyclic hydrocarbon group having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms, or --(CH.sub.2).sub.m R.sub.1 wherein m is 0-10, and R.sub.1 is an aliphatic ring having from about 3 to about 7 carbon atoms, or an aryl or heteroaryl ring having from about 4 to about 10 carbon atoms and wherein the heteroatom is selected from the group consisting of N, O and S.

Abstract: Novel trienoic retinoid compounds having activity for retinoic acid receptors and retinoid X receptors are provided. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions incorporating such compounds and methods for their use.

Abstract: Proliferation of retinal pigment epithelium following surgery or trauma or resulting in ocular diseases associated with choroidal neovascularization, such as age related macular degeneration and histoplasmosis syndrome, is prevented by contacting retinal pigment epithelium cells with a therapeutic amount of a retinoic acid receptor (RAR agonist, preferably one with specific activity for retinoic acid receptors. Preferably the RAR agonist is also a potent antagonist of AP1-dependent gene expression. Alternatively, the proliferation of retinal pigment epithelium is ameliorated with a therapeutic amount of an AP-1 antagonist, alone or in combination with an RAR agonist. The drug can be administered by bolus injection into the vitreous cavity using a dosage from about 50 to 150 .mu.g. Or by slow release from liposomes or an oil tamponade injected into the vitreous cavity. Formulations for preventing proliferation of retinal pigment epithelium are also provided.

Abstract: Proliferation of retinal pigment epithelium following surgery or trauma is prevented by contacting retinal pigment epithelium cells with a therapeutic amount of a retinoic acid receptor (RAR) agonist, preferably one with specific activity for retinoic acid receptors. Preferably the RAR agonist is also a potent antagonist of AP1-dependent gene expression. Alternatively, the proliferation of retinal pigment epitelium is ameliorated with a therapeutic amount of an AP-1 antagonist, alone or in combination with an RAR agonist. The drug can be administered by bolus injection into the vitreous cavity using a dosage from about 50 to 150 .mu.g, or by slow release from liposomes or an oil tamponade injected into the vitreous cavity. Formulations for preventing proliferation of retinal pigment epithelium are also provided.

Abstract: Ophthalmic suspensions containing brinzolamide or brinzolamide and a beta-blocker and processes for manufacturing the suspensions are disclosed.

Abstract: This invention refers to a matter composition of the type used in the treatment of ophthalmic ailments and specifically refers to an ophthalmic carrier solution based on surface-active, emulsifying, antibacterial, antioxidant, etc. Agents which form a carrier that enwraps or masks an active ingredient such as sodium dyclophenac or other antibiotic agents such as tobracin, gentamicin or timolol sulfate, with the aim of avoiding the problems caused by the topical application of the mentioned active ingredients, such as pain, a burning sensation, irritation and other annoyances for the user.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition is provided for prophylaxis and treatment of a retinal disease in a human comprising (a) a compound of the formula I: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently from each other denote hydrogen or methyl group, or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof, and (b) a pharmacologically acceptable carrier therefor. Also provided are a method for prophylaxis and treatment of a retinal disease comprising administering such a compound and a use of such a compound for preparing a pharmaceutical composition for the same purpose.

Abstract: Methods for the stimulation of growth factor expression and for treatment of retinal diseases with alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonists are disclosed.

Abstract: Implants which are capable of sustained release of a cell proliferation modulating agent, together with methods for their preparation and use, are provided. The proliferation modulating agent is associated either covalently or non-covalently with the material from which the implant is prepared, generally a biologically inert polymer which is physiologically compatible. The implants are implanted in the tissue, and the drug is released such that the drug is substantially retained within the implant region. The device can be used to inhibit cellular proliferation around the implant. The device can be provided as a sterile kit, preferably in a form suitable for immediate use.

Abstract: A method is provided for healing chronic wounds in a subject, particularly wounds which exhibit poor vascularization and sensory loss. The treatment method involves administering a therapeutically effective amount of .beta.-NGF to the subject to heal the wound. Compositions containing .beta.-NGF for use in the wound healing methods are provided.

Abstract: Methods for treatment of conditions of abnormally increased intraocular pressure, particularly those caused by glaucoma, by administration of phosphonylmethoxyalkyl nucleoside analogs are provided. Compositions formulated and packaged for intraocular administration for use in the methods are also provided. Administration of the compound may be by intravitreal injection, aqueous humor injection, injection into the external layers of the eye, such as subconjunctival injection or subtenon injection, or may be, when penetrating derivatives are used, by topical application to the eye. The degree of reduction in pressure is dosage-dependent, and significant reduction in pressure is obtained. A single injection can produce prolonged, and perhaps permanent, lowering of the intraocular pressure.

Abstract: The present invention provides an agent for curing ophthalmological diseases which contains, as the active ingredient, a carbostyril derivative or salt thereof represented by the general formula (I), ##STR1## (wherein R is a halogen atom) particularly, the invention provides effective agent for curing xerophalmia (dry eye) syndrome.

Abstract: The invention relates to polymeric quaternary ammonium compounds which are useful as disinfectants and/or preservatives in ophthalmic compostions.

Abstract: Topical application of fructose-1,6-diphosphate, its derivatives and/or precursors are used for treating or preventing epidermal or mucosal aging and inflammation. In preferred embodiments, the fructose diphosphate (or its derivative) is applied in admixture with a dermally, ophthalmically, orally, or nasally acceptable carrier. Topical application lessens symptoms of urticaria, atopic dermatitis and allergic rhinitis and conjunctivitis among other inflammatory conditions and inhibit microscarring of the dermis.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for treating and/or preventing macular edema and age-related macular degeneration which comprises topical administration of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors to the eye.

Abstract: Photodynamic therapy to prevent secondary cataracts is effected using photosensitizers such as green porphyrins as photoactive agents to destroy remnant lens epithelial cells.

Abstract: The present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for treatment of corneal and conjunctival lesion, and dry eye comprising albumin as an active ingredient. The pharmaceutical composition is also useful for increase of eye surface epithelium mucin secretion. The present invention further provides a method for treatment of corneal and conjunctival lesion, and dry eye, which comprises administering, to a subject in need of such treatment, albumin in an amount effective. In addition, the present invention provides a use of albumin for manufacture of a pharmaceutical composition of the present invention.

Abstract: A thimerosal-free hyaluronidase is prepared wherein the preferred hyaluronidase is devoid of molecular weight fractions below 40,000 MW, between 60-70,000 MW and above 100,000 MW. Also a method for accelerating the clearance of hemorrhagic blood from the vitreous humor of the eye is carried out by contacting at least one hemorrhage-clearing enzyme (e.g., hyaluronidase, .beta.-glucuronidase, matrix metalloproteinase, chondroitinase, chondroitin sulfatase or protein kinase) with the vitreous humor in an amount which is effective to cause accelerated clearance of blood therefrom.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel substance which promotes the production and secretion of mucin in ophthalmic tissues.The therapeutic agent for keratoconjunctiva diseases according to the present invention contains gefarnate as an active ingredient. This therapeutic agent for keratoconjunctiva diseases is applicable to dry eye, keratitis, conjunctivitis, corneal erosion, corneal ulcer, etc. The dosage form is preferably an ophthalmic solution. Concentration of gefarnate is, for example, 0.1-3% (w/v).

Abstract: A method of producing local anesthesia in a mammal experiencing pain in an epithelial tissue region is described. The method includes topically administering to the region, in a suitable pharmaceutical vehicle, an effective dose of a long-acting sodium channel blocking compound.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for the prophylactic and therapeutic treatment of choroidal neovascularization. The method involves the administration of an inhibitor of the protein tyrosine kinase pathway to an animal, such as a mammal, in particular a human, in an amount sufficient to treat the choroid for neovascularization prophylactically or therapeutically. The inhibitor of the protein tyrosine kinase pathway is preferably genistein or an analogue or prodrug thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of any of the foregoing.

Abstract: A therapeutic agent for various retinochoroidal diseases such as pigmentary retinal degeneration, retinopathy, maculopathy and retinal detachment is disclosed. The therapeutic agent for ophthalmic diseases according to the present invention comprises as an effective ingredient a retinal pigment epithelial cell growth factor.

Abstract: The use of polyamine site antagonists in treating ischemic disorders of the retina and optic nerve head are disclosed. Especially preferred are certain 1-phenyl-2-piperidinoalkanol derivatives, such as eliprodil and ifenprodil.

Abstract: An antifungal composition for external use being retentive in the stratum corneum containing as an active ingredient an antifungal agent having a high affinity for keratin, wherein the penetration into the stratum corneum of said antifungal agent is enhanced and the retentivity thereof is improved, which comprises incorporating one or more oily liquid substances selected from the group consisting of methyl salicylate, glycol salicylate, crotamiton, and peppermint oil or menthol.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an aqueous ophthalmic solution containing apafant and additives wherein apafant is stabilized by lowering ionic strength to 0.05 or below, and a method of stabilizing apafant in the ophthalmic solution.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for obtaining Aloe Vera gel and the ophthalmic use of Aloe Vera gel in the treatment of dry eye syndrome.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition and treatment to inhibit the development of cataracts in the crystalline lens of the eye by administering a hydroxylamine to a subject at risk of developing a cataract. The pharmaceutical composition comprises a hydroxylamine compound in a therapeutically sufficient amount to prevent or retard the development of the cataract. A reducing agent can also be administered in combination with the hydroxylamine. Particular examples of the hydroxylamine are TEMPOL-H, TEMPO-H and OXANO-H, while particular examples of the reducing agent are a sulfhydryl compound, such as N-(2-mercaptopropionyl)glycine (MPG), N-acetyl cysteine, .beta.-mercaptopropionyl glycine, and glutathione. In particular embodiments, the composition comprises TEMPOL-H in an amount that is sufficient to provide a concentration of about 1 .mu.M to 1 mM in the aqueous humor of the eye, and mercaptopropionyl glycine in an amount sufficient to provide an aqueous humor concentrations of about 0.1 to 5 mM.

Abstract: A method is provided for inhibiting or reducing the risk of macular degeneration with phytoestrogenic isoflavones. A further method is provided for inhibiting or reducing the risk of macular degeneration with a soy protein material containing phytoestrogenic isoflavones.

Abstract: Tissue-destructive conditions related to excess proteinase activity in a biological system are treated or prevented by administering to the system a composition which combines a tetracycline and a bisphosphonate in synergistic proteinase inhibiting amounts.

Abstract: An agent for contact lenses, comprising chloroacetamide. According to the present invention, chloroacetamide, which is the bacteriocidal component to be contained, is scarcely adsorbed not only to hard contact lenses and gas-permeable hard contact lenses, but also to soft contact lenses, and even if adsorbed, moreover, chloroacetamide is quickly released and is not accumulated on the contact lens to a greater extent. The inventive agent containing, in addition to chloroacetamide, sodium lauryl sulfate shows more superior bacteriocidal effect and cleaning effect. Therefore, the present invention provides an agent for contact lenses having superior bacteriocidal effect and cleaning effect, which can be used safely and with ease for various contact lenses inclusive of soft contact lenses.

Abstract: Treatment of acne through topical administration is an aspect of the present invention. Specifically, muscarinic agents may be applied in any therapeutically acceptable carrier including gels, creams, lotions, and sprays. Therapeutic effects observed with the present invention include decrease in redness, swelling, and inflammation. Treatment of other inflammatory conditions is also disclosed. Treatment of suitable conditions in accordance with the present invention results in significant improvements in healing of those conditions.

Abstract: Novel pharmaceutically/cosmetically-active bicyclic aromatic compounds have the structural formula (I): ##STR1## and are useful for the treatment of a wide variety of disease states, whether human or veterinary, for example dermatological, rheumatic, respiratory, cardiovascular and ophthalmological disorders, as well as for the treatment of mammalian skin and hair conditions/disorders.

Abstract: An eye drop composition for alleviation of dry eye related symptoms in dry eye patients and contact lens wearers includes an emulsion of a higher fatty acid glyceride, polysorbate 80 and an emulsion stabilizing amount of Pemulen.RTM. in water suitable for topical application to ocular tissue.

Abstract: Anandamide analogues useful for the treatment of intraocular hypertension, as well as ophthalmic compositions comprising the same and a cyclodextrin, and methods of use of these compounds to treat intraocular hypertension.

Abstract: Ophthalmic methods and compositions are disclosed where particles of the dispersed phase of emulsions are themselves dispersed and stably maintained in physical separation by lightly crosslinked, water swellable polymers present in an aqueous polymeric system formulated for administration to the eye in drop or ribbon form. Medicament is dissolved in that dispersed phase is delivered over a sustained release period.

Abstract: A conjugate of a polypeptide reactive with a fibroblast growth factor receptor and a cytotoxic agent is used for inhibiting the proliferation of epithelial lens cells, especially following extracapsular cataract surgery.

Abstract: Agents which modulate pathways of apoptotic induction or repression in which products of opioid peptide precursors genes participate, useful as inducers of apoptosis in cells and in tumor cells in particular, are disclosed. Methods of treatment employing such agents and pharmaceutical compositions containing them are also described.

Abstract: The invention is directed to the use of .omega.-conotoxins for the prevention and treatment of retinal or optic nerve head damage in humans. Compositions and methods are disclosed.

Abstract: Tear production stimulants of reduced basicity prepared from cyclopropyl adducts of tertiary amines are disclosed.