Abstract: Disclosed is a method of reducing intraocular pressure or retinal ganglion cell death caused by specific reactive oxygen species by delivering carvedilol or a derivative or metabolite thereof having beta-adrenergic antagonist activity or specific reactive oxygen species scavenging activity to the retinal ganglion cells of a subject having or at risk of developing glaucomatous or other optic neuropathy.

Abstract: Disulfiram (tetraethylthiuram disulfide) is shown to inhibit angiogenesis and to be useful in the treatment of angiogenesis-dependent disorders, including neoplasms, and to prevent cell hyperproliferation and formation of clots along or around medical devices.

Abstract: A therapeutic agent for glaucoma comprises (+)-(R)-3,4-Dihydro-2-[5-methoxy-2-[3-[N-methyl-N-[2-[(3,4-methylenedioxy) phenoxy]ethyl]amino]propoxy]phenyl]-4-methyl-3-oxo-2H-1,4-benzothiazine or its salt as active ingredient and pharmaceutically acceptable excipients. The therapeutic agent lowers the intraocular pressure upon topical or systemic administration.

Abstract: A method for reducing or preventing the effects of inflammation arising from injured tissue, which method comprises the steps of: a. bringing the injured tissue, or pre-injured tissue, into contact with a photosensitizing agent capable of penetrating into the tissue, resulting in the desired degree of biodistribution in less than one hour; and b. exposing the tissue thus contacted to light having a wavelength absorbed by the photosensitizing agent for a time sufficient to reduce or prevent inflammation in the exposed tissue, but not so long as to cause necrosis or erythema of the exposed tissue, or a pharmaceutical composition or an article for reducing or preventing the effects of inflammation arising from injured tissue. The composition comprises: a. from about 1 &mgr;/mL to about 2 mg/mL of a photosensitizing agent capable of penetrating into the injured tissue, or pre-injured tissue, resulting in the desired degree of biodistribution less than one hour; and b. a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of ophthalmology. In particular the invention relates to the field of ocular disorders including visual field loss and glaucoma using an isoquinolinesulfonyl compound, which lowers intraocular pressure (IOP) and produces dilation of ocular blood vessels.

Abstract: The present invention relates to ophthalmic compositions for the treatment of ocular hypertension and glaucoma, comprising a hypotonic solution of 0.1 to 0.2% (w/w) of xanthan gum and 0.5 to 5% (w/w) of a topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitor or an ophthalmologically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: An ophthalmic composition which comprises a neurotrophic factor, an optic nerve functional disorder-treating agent which comprises a neurotrophic factor, and a method for treating an optic nerve functional disorder, which comprises administering an effective amount of a neurotrophic factor, particularly a glaucoma-treating agent and a method for treating the same are provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of omega chain modified prostaglandins as ocular hypotensive. The derivatives used in accordance with the invention are encompassed by the following structure formula I: wherein the hatched segments represent &agr; bonds; the wavy segment represents an &agr; or &bgr; bond; dashed lines represent a double bond or a single bond; X is selected from the group consisting of —OR and N(R2); Y is=O or represents 2 hydrogen radicals, provided that Y represents 2 hydrogen radicals when X is OH; R is hydrogen or a lower alkyl radical having up to six carbon atoms; R1 is=O or hydroxy; m is 0, 2, 4 or 6, provided that m is not 4 when the wavy segment represents a &bgr; bond; n is 0, 2, 4 or 6; x and y are 0 or 1, provided that x is 1 when y is 0 and y is 1 when x is 0; or 9, 11 and/or 15 ester derivatives of said compound of formula I, e.g. a C1 to C6 alkyl ester derivative; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: Combinations of a &bgr;-adrenergic antagonist and a topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitor are particularly useful in the treatment of ocular hypertension, especially in patients insufficiently responsive to treatment with &bgr;-adrenergic antagonists.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for treating ocular conditions which find their etiology in compromised ocular blood flow with brinzolamide and brimonidine are disclosed.

Abstract: An ophthalmic preparation which exhibits excellent pharmacological effects for various ophthalmic diseases is disclosed. The ophthalmic preparation according to the present invention contains a 4,8-inter-m-phenylene prostaglandin I2 derivative represented by the formula (I): or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an effective ingredient.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are collagen films which rapidly dissolve at 35° C. Also disclosed are methods for the preparation of the collagen films and their use as a vehicle for delivering a dose of therapeutic compound to a specific tissue site.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of protecting the optic or retinal nerve cells of a mammal comprising administering to said mammal suffering from or at risk of suffering a noxious action on said nerve cells an effective amount of a compound of formula I to inhibit or prevent nerve cell injury or death wherein the 2-imidazolin-2-ylamino group is in either the 5- or 6-position of the quinoxaline nucleus; x, y and z are in any of the remaining 5-, 6-, 7- or 8-positions and are selected from hydrogen, halogen, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy or trifluoromethyl; and R is an optional substituent in either the 2- or 3-position of the quinoxaline nucleus and may be hydrogen, lower alkyl or lower alkoxy, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and mixtures thereof. Such noxious action may result from glaucomatous optic neuropathy, age related macular degeneration or retinitis pigmentosa.

Abstract: Angiostatic agents and another IOP lowering compound are combined in ophthalmic compositions to treat glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Methods for treating glaucoma and ocular hypertension are also disclosed.

Abstract: Compositions containing DP-agonist and FP-agonists prostaglandin agonists and methods of their use in treating glaucoma or ocular hypertension are disclosed.

Abstract: A method for the administration of glutathione orally comprising the administration of a bolus of glutathione which is pharmaceutically stabilized and encapsulated. The glutathione is administered on an empty stomach. The preferred stabilizer is ascorbic acid.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of a somatostatin receptor ligand of nonpeptide origin, e.g. of the general formula Ia or Ib ##STR1## or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which has high and/or selective affinity to the somatostatin receptor protein designated SSTR4 and, for the preparation of a medicament for the treatment of a disease associated with an adverse condition in the retina and/or iris-ciliary body of a mammal. Such conditions are high intraocular pressure (IOP) and/or deep ocular infections. The diseases which may be treated are e.g. glaucoma, stromal keratitis, iritis, retinitis, cataract and conjunctivitis.

Abstract: An ophthalmic composition that provides sustained release of a water soluble medicament is formed comprising a crosslinked carboxy-containing polymer, a medicament, a sugar and water. The composition has a pH of at least 6.7 but a viscosity of from about 1000 to 5000 cps.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for increasing retinal and optic nerve head oxygen tension by application of a composition comprising carbonic anhydrase inhibitors to the eye.

Abstract: Balanced pH, hyperosmotic, hypoosmotic, or isoosmotic gels are ideal vehicles for drug delivery. They are especially suited for topical body cavity or injection application of drugs or diagnostic agents; for drug or diagnostic agent delivery to the eye of a mammal; as protective corneal shields; or as ablatable corneal masks useful in laser reprofiling of the cornea. The compositions without the addition of a drug or diagnostic agent are useful as medical devices, for instance, in separating surgically or otherwise injured tissue as a means of preventing adhesions.

Abstract: This invention relates to an agent for decreasing ocular tension comprising as an effective ingredient a 4,8-inter-m-phenylene PGI.sub.2 derivative represented by the formula: ##STR1## or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The agent for decreasing ocular tension according to the present invention is useful as a therapeutic agent for treating various high ocular tension states such as glaucoma, ocular hypertension and high ocular tension which occurs after surgery.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of treating ocular hypertension which comprises applying to the eye an amount sufficient to treat ocular hypertension of a compound of formula (I) ##STR1## wherein the wavy line attachments indicate either alpha (.alpha.) or beta (.beta.) configuration; hatched lines indicate .alpha. configuration, solid triangles are used to indicate .beta. configuration; the dashed bonds represent a single bond or a double bond which can be in the cis or trans configuration; X is selected from the group consisting of H, R or a pharmaceutically-acceptable cation, and R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group of about 1 to about 6 carbon atoms; one of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is .dbd.O, --OH or an --O(CO)R.sub.4 group, and the other one is --OH or an --O(CO)R.sub.4 group or R.sub.1 is .dbd.O and R.sub.2 is H; R.sub.3 is --OH or --O(CO)R.sub.4, wherein R.sub.4 is a saturated or unsaturated acyclic hydrocarbon group having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms, or --(CH.sub.2).sub.n R.sub.

Abstract: Methods for the treatment of glaucoma are described. The compounds described cause a perturbation of cell adhesions in the trabecular meshwork, mainly via disruption of the associated cytoskeletal structures or the modulation of their interactions with the underlying membrane. Perturbation of these adhesions reduces the resistance of the trabecular meshwork to fluid flow and thereby reduces intraocular pressure.

Abstract: The present invention describes an ophthalmic composition comprising diclofenac potassium, the use of said composition as a medicament for treating inflammatory conditions of the eye, for treating glaucoma or for treating ear inflammatory and/or painful conditions (otitis); as well as the use of diclofenac potassium in the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for treating any inflammatory condition of the eye, for treating glaucoma or for treating ear inflammatory and/or painful conditions (otitis).

Abstract: An ocular composition for prevention, stabilization, reversal and treatment of age related macular degeneration, cataracts, elevated ocular pressure, diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma.

Abstract: Compositions of glucocorticoid antagonists for treating mammals suffering from GLC1A glaucoma and methods for their use are disclosed.

Abstract: Ophthalmic compositions and a method are disclosed for treating glaucoma and/or ocular hypertension in the mammalian eye by topically administering to the mammalian eye the ophthalmic composition of the invention which contains as the active ingredient one or more gamma aminobutyric acid agonist compounds.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for treating glaucoma and ocular hypertension by using TGF.alpha. are disclosed.

Abstract: Compositions of 3-benzoylphenylacetic acid derivatives for treating GLC1A glaucoma and methods for their use are disclosed.

Abstract: Methods for treatment of conditions of abnormally increased intraocular pressure, particularly those caused by glaucoma, by administration of phosphonylmethoxyalkyl nucleoside analogs are provided. Compositions formulated and packaged for intraocular administration for use in the methods are also provided. Administration of the compound may be by intravitreal injection, aqueous humor injection, injection into the external layers of the eye, such as subconjunctival injection or subtenon injection, or may be, when penetrating derivatives are used, by topical application to the eye. The degree of reduction in pressure is dosage-dependent, and significant reduction in pressure is obtained. A single injection can produce prolonged, and perhaps permanent, lowering of the intraocular pressure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of 8-iso prostaglandins and their derivatives for decreasing intraocular pressure, for example in the treatment of glaucoma It is based, at least in part, on the discovery that 8-iso prostaglandin E.sub.2 effectively decreased intraocular pressure by a trabecular meshwork outflow mechanism.

Abstract: This invention is aimed at providing a novel medicine for oculopathy, which has as an active component thereof a 5-HT.sub.1A receptor ligand such as, for example, an alkylene dioxybenzene derivative represented by the following formula (I) ##STR1## wherein m represents an integer in the range of 2-5 and n an integer in the range of 1-3), a racemate thereof, or an acid addition salt thereof.

Abstract: Methods and kits for treament of glaucoma are disclosed. In general, the methods of the invention include administering a therapeutically effective amount of a deprenyl compound to a subject such that the subject is treated for glaucoma.

Abstract: Anandamide analogues useful for the treatment of intraocular hypertension, as well as ophthalmic compositions comprising the same and a cyclodextrin, and methods of use of these compounds to treat intraocular hypertension.

Abstract: ATP-sensitive K.sup.+ channel modulating compounds are incorporated into ophthalmically acceptable carriers for administration to the eye in order to affect intraocular pressure. Such formulations including compounds which inhibit the channel are particularly suitable for treating glaucoma and other disorders related to elevated intraocular pressure. Such formulation which potentiates the channel are particularly suitable for treating hypotonia and other depressed intraocular pressure conditions.

Abstract: Balanced pH, hyperosmotic, hypoosmotic, or isoosmotic gels are ideal vehicles for drug delivery. They are especially suited for topical body cavity or injection application of drugs or diagnostic agents; for drug or diagnostic agent delivery to the eye of a mammal; as protective corneal shields; or as ablatable corneal masks useful in laser reprofiling of the cornea. The compositions without the addition of a drug or diagnostic agent are useful as medical devices, for instance, in separating surgically or otherwise injured tissue as a means of preventing adhesions.

Abstract: Ophthalmic pharmaceutical compositions useful in controlling elevated intraocular pressure associated with glaucoma and ocular hypertension are described. The compositions comprise a combination of a beta-blocker and a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor to reduce the production of aqueous humor, preferably formulated as a suspension having a pH between about 6.8 and about 7.8. These compositions may additionally contain a mucomimetic anionic polymer and/or a finely-divided drug carrier substrate to provide sustained release. A method of controlling elevated intraocular pressure with these compositions is also described.

Abstract: A method of treating ocular hypertension and/or glaucoma in a mammal by locally administering to the eyes of a mammal a composition comprising an effective amount of a compound of the formula wherein R.sup.1 is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, or R.sup.5 --A--B--, where R.sup.5 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, cycloalkyl or aliphatic acyl; A is oxygen or sulfur; and B is a single bond or a lower alkylene; R.sup.2 is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, or --C(R.sup.6)(R.sup.7)(R.sup.8), wherein R.sup.6 is hydroxyl or lower alkoxy; and R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 each is hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl; R.sup.3 is carboxyl or --CON(R.sup.9)(R.sup.10), wherein R.sup.9 and R.sup.10 each is hydrogen or lower alkyl; R.sup.4 is carboxyl, carboxycarbonyl or tetrazol-5-yl; or a pharmacologically acceptable salt or ester thereof.

Abstract: A method of reducing corneal scarring or fibroblast proliferation comprises applying to an area of a subject's eye afflicted with the condition a corneal scar-fibroblast proliferation-reducing amount of a free or polymer-bound HLE inhibitory agent under conditions and for a period of time effective to attain the desired effect. A method of reducing neovascularization of corneal scar tissue comprises applying to an area of a subject's eye afflicted with the condition a neovascularization-inhibitory amount of a free or polymer-bound HLE inhibitory agent under conditions and for a period of time effective to attain the desired effect.

Abstract: Elevated glutamate levels are associated with glaucoma, and damage to retinal ganglion cells can be controlled by administering to the patient a compound capable of reducing glutamate induced excitotoxicity in a concentration effective to cause reduction of such excitotoxicity.

Abstract: The present invention describes an ophthalmic composition diclofenac potassium, the use of said composition as a medicament for treating inflammatory conditions of the eye, for treating glaucoma or for treating ear inflammatory conditions and/or painful conditions (otitis)-l as well as the use of diclofenac potassium in the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of any inflammatory condition of the eye, for treating glaucoma or for treating ear inflammatory and/or painful conditions (otitis).

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of angiotensin antagonist or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for the treatment of normal tension glaucoma, wherein said angiotensin antagonist and salt thereof have pronunced selectivity for the AT1 receptor.

Abstract: A method for stabilizing pranoprofen, comprising placing an aqueous solution of pranoprofen in coexistence with an antioxidant, or placing an aqueous solution of pranoprofen under the conditions of limited supply of oxygen, and a stable aqueous preparation of pranoprofen, comprising pranoprofen and an antioxidant. According to the present invention, the decomposition of pranoprofen in an aqueous solution of pranoprofen is remarkably suppressed. In particular, pranoprofen becomes stable to light, thus permitting long-term preservation of an aqueous solution, specifically a liquid preparation, of pranoprofen.

Abstract: Methods for treating persons with glaucoma or ocular hypertension with polyamine antagonists and an IOP-lowering compounds are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sampling kit for obtaining, in a rapid and gentle manner, a defined volume of lacrimal fluid for the purpose of reproducibly determining components of the lacrimal fluid.

Abstract: Methods for treatment of conditions of abnormally increased intraocular pressure, particularly those caused by glaucoma, by administration of phosphonylmethoxyalkyl nucleoside analogs are provided. Compositions formulated and packaged for intraocular administration for use in the methods are also provided. Administration of the compound may be by intravitreal injection, aqueous humor injection, injection into the external layers of the eye, such as subconjunctival injection or subtenon injection, or may be, when penetrating derivatives are used, by topical application to the eye. The degree of reduction in pressure is dosage-dependent, and significant reduction in pressure is obtained. A single injection can produce prolonged, and perhaps permanent, lowering of the intraocular pressure.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions and a method are disclosed for providing neuroprotective effect to the mammalian eye by administering to the mammalian eye the pharmaceutical composition of the invention which contains, as the active ingredient, one or more compounds having chloride channel blocking activity. Examples of chloride channel blockers utilized in the pharmaceutical composition and method of treatment are: ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen or a pharmaceutically-acceptable cation, e.g. an alkali or alkaline earth metal, or a quaternary amine; or R represents a ester-forming moiety, e.g. a lower alkyl radical, having up to six carbon 20 atoms, that may be derived from a lower alkanol.

Abstract: A method of increasing aqueous humor outflow in the eye of a human patient to treat glaucoma, the method comprising topically administering to the eye an outflow-increasing amount of an analog of ethacrynic acid having a margin of safety of at least 2.0 and having the formula ##STR1## wherein each X.sub.1 and X.sub.2, independently, is a halogen, H, or CH.sub.3, or X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 together form a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic ring; X.sub.3 is an organic group; and X.sub.4 is OH or an organic group; provided that where X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 are Cl and X.sub.4 is OH, X.sub.3 cannot be 2-methylene-1-oxobutyl; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for reducing the decomposition rate of polymeric bioadhesives and viscosity enhancers, such as poly(acrylic acids). The compositions include at least one strong, stable chelating agent, preferably an organophosphorous compound such as diethylene triamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid). These biocompatible compositions are especially useful in the ophthalmic field.

Abstract: A method for stabilizing pranoprofen, comprising placing an aqueous solution of pranoprofen in coexistence with an antioxidant, or placing an aqueous solution of pranoprofen under the conditions of limited supply of oxygen, and a stable aqueous preparation of pranoprofen, comprising pranoprofen and an antioxidant. According to the present invention, the decomposition of pranoprofen in an aqueous solution of pranoprofen is remarkably suppressed. In particular, pranoprofen becomes stable to light, thus permitting long-term preservation of an aqueous solution, specifically a liquid preparation, of pranoprofen.