Abstract: Certain surfactants suitable for use alone to dissolve a water-insoluble component in compositions is described for providing VOC-free compressed gas aerosol compositions. The compositions include water-insoluble component(s), a surfactant and water. The water-insoluble component(s) can be active agent(s), such as fragrance(s) and/or an insecticide(s). The surfactant is present as a single surfactant which, in the absence of a solvent, dissolves or disperses the water-insoluble component(s) and provides a homogenous blend in water which provides a stable compressed gas emulsion.

Abstract: In one aspect, an epidermal coolant dispensable by an aerosol container includes a phase change material that changes phase between about 28-degrees and 40-degrees Celsius. The coolant also includes a solvent in which the phase change material is dissolved and a surfactant. The coolant may further include a propellant to express the product from the aerosol container. In another aspect, an epidermal coolant includes a porous material and a phase change material retained in the porous material. The phase change material has a melting point between about 0-degrees Celsius and about 65-degrees Celsius and is retained in the porous material when the phase change material is in either the solid or liquid phase.

Abstract: A pest-combating composition including sodium lauryl sulfate and one or more of C6-12 fatty acids, preferably lauric and/or capric and/or caprylic acid, soy methyl ester, and 2-undecanone, and methods of combating pests utilizing same, are disclosed. The compositions can include a carrier oil such as silicon oil, soy methyl ester, or a vegetable oil, and can be in the form of an emulsion. The composition may be constituted as a spray composition, an aerosol, a lotion, a paste, or another compositional form. Pests that may be usefully combated with such composition include flying insects, including flies, mosquitoes, and wasps, ants, including arthropods such as fire ants, ticks, fleas, cockroaches, silver fish, thrips, gnats, aphids, Japanese beetles, and agricultural and horticultural arthropods and insects including beetles (potato and bean), flea beetles, fleahoppers, squash bugs, slugs, leaf hoppers, harlequin bugs, milk weed bugs, spiders, mites, lice, rodents, and deer.

Abstract: A method of repelling wasps, which method comprises using a preparation comprising (a) one or more of ethyl 3-(N-n-butyl-N-acetylamino)propionate, dihydronepetalactone, and extract of catmint, and (b) at least one compound selected from certain perfume ingredients. This abstract is neither intended to define the invention disclosed in this specification nor intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.

Abstract: This document discloses molecules having the following formula (Formula One) and processes related thereto.

Abstract: Novel aromatic compounds of formula (I): wherein A1, A2, A3, A4, R1, R2, R5, G1, G2, Q1, Q2, Y1, Y2, Y3 and Y4 are as defined in claim 1; or a salt or N-oxide thereof. Furthermore, the present invention relates to processes for preparing compounds of formula (I), to insecticidal, acaricidal, nematicidal or molluscicidal compositions comprising them and to methods of using them to combat and control insect, acarine, nematode or mollusc pests.

Abstract: Disclosed are a pest control agent, a method for preparing a pest control agent, and a method for controlling a pest. Generally, the pest control agent is formed by providing a porous starch and an active control agent absorbed within the porous starch, and compressing the porous starch in the presence of heat to form discrete plural particles. Preferably, one or more binders are employed, as are one or more secondary absorbents/fillers. In highly preferred embodiments of the invention, the pest control agent is prepared via pelletizing in a commercial pellet mill. The particles so prepared should be sufficiently durable to withstand bulk transport, such as by rail car or bag shipment. The particles should, however, release the control agent quickly upon contact with water, such that, for instance, the control agent may be released when the pest control agent is introduced to standing water. It is contemplated that the control agent is preferably a mosquito control agent.

Abstract: Control or repellency of bed bugs by bringing the bed bugs into contact with a bed bug control formulation containing at least one compound selected from the group consisting of certain alkyl ketones and cyclic ketones wherein the total number of carbon atoms in the alkyl ketones and cyclic ketones is from 10 to 16 carbon atoms and method for achieving such control or repellency.

Abstract: Certain surfactants suitable for use alone to dissolve a water-insoluble component in compositions is described for providing VOC-free compressed gas aerosol compositions. The compositions include water-insoluble component(s), a surfactant and water. The water-insoluble component(s) can be active agent(s), such as fragrance(s) and/or an insecticide(s). The surfactant is present as a single surfactant which, in the absence of a solvent, dissolves or disperses the water-insoluble component(s) and provides a homogenous blend in water which provides a stable compressed gas emulsion.

Abstract: Materials with high levels of unsaponifiable matter, such as extracts from plants, produce hydrolysates with unique properties. Properties that are sought in traditional saponification of natural oils are a result of low levels of unsaponifiables. These properties include high levels of aqueous surfactant activity, water-solubility or ready water-dispersability, activity as foaming agents, and the like. An objective of traditional saponification processes is to increase the water-solubility and surfactant activity of naturally occurring materials. It has been found that the application of a hydrolysis process to materials, particularly materials with a high level of unsaponifiables (e.g., at least 6 weight percent of the material), produces a product with properties significantly different from those products resulting from the conventional saponification of materials with less than 6 weight percent of unsaponifiables.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hydrated compound of an unsaturated monoterpenoid as well as its use as insect repellent.

Abstract: The invention consists of a mixture of organic chemicals avoiding the use of insecticides, and a method for pest control based on the mixture consisting in bringing about the premature eclosion of the hibernating larva and its possible death through inanition; experimentation has demonstrated it to be effective in bringing about the premature eclosion of the pecan nut casebearer or Acrobasis nuxvorella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on pecan trees (Carya illinoiensis). The objective is to provide an ecological method for controlling pests such as the pecan nut casebearer, in this manner reducing or avoiding the use of inorganic chemical insecticides which have a significant impact on the environment.

Abstract: cis-Jasmone has been discovered to be useful as a semiochemical that changes the behavior of insects and/or the physiology of plants. It has direct signalling roles with plant-feeding aphids, in attraction of aphid predators and parasitoids, and may act as an airborne signal inducing production of volatile plant semiochemicals, including the monoterpene (E)-?-ocimene, that stimulate foraging by parasitoids. It is an extremely benign compound having, to human beings, a pleasant aroma and gives a long-lasting effect after removal of the stimulus.

Abstract: Certain surfactants suitable for use alone to dissolve a water-insoluble component in compositions is described for providing VOC-free compressed gas aerosol compositions. The compositions include water-insoluble component(s), a surfactant and water. The water-insoluble component(s) can be active agent(s), such as fragrance(s) and/or an insecticide(s). The surfactant is present as a single surfactant which, in the absence of a solvent, dissolves or disperses the water-insoluble component(s) and provides a homogenous blend in water which provides a stable compressed gas emulsion.

Abstract: A pest-combating composition including sodium lauryl sulfate and one or more of C6-12 fatty acids, preferably lauric and/or capric and/or caprylic acid, soy methyl ester, and 2-undecanone, and methods of combating pests utilizing same, are disclosed. The compositions can include a carrier oil such as silicon oil, soy methyl ester, or a vegetable oil, and can be in the form of an emulsion. The composition may be constituted as a spray composition, an aerosol, a lotion, a paste, or another compositional form. Pests that may be usefully combated with such composition include flying insects, including flies, mosquitoes, and wasps, ants, including arthropods such as fire ants, ticks, fleas, cockroaches, silver fish, thrips, gnats, aphids, Japanese beetles, and agricultural and horticultural arthropods and insects including beetles (potato and bean), flea beetles, fleahoppers, squash bugs, slugs, leaf hoppers, harlequin bugs, milk weed bugs, spiders, mites, lice, rodents, and deer.

Abstract: A composition for attracting female tropical root weevils (and/or repelling male tropical root weevils), containing (±)-linalool, cis-3-hexen-1-ol, and carvacrol, and optionally a carrier or carrier material known in the art. A method for attracting female tropical root weevils to an object or area, involving treating the object or area with a composition containing a female tropical root weevil attracting effective amount of (±)-linalool, cis-3-hexen-1-ol, and carvacrol, and optionally a carrier or carrier material. A method for repelling male tropical root weevils from an object or area, involving treating the object or area with a composition containing a male tropical root weevil repelling effective amount of (±)-linalool, cis-3-hexen-1-ol, and carvacrol, and optionally a carrier or carrier material.

Abstract: Microcapsules possessing Lewis acid-Lewis base salt walls incorporate water-immiscible materials, such as N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET), as a core component. Such microcapsules, or similar microcapsules incorporating other core components, may be made by emulsifying a water-immiscible core component in an aqueous solution of one wall-forming reactant, such as the Lewis base, and then mixing that solution with the other wall-forming reactant, such as the Lewis acid. Various adjuvants may be included with the core component to contribute additional characteristics, such as enhancement of a controlled release characteristic or improved mechanical stability.

Abstract: Disclosed are a pest control agent, a method for preparing a pest control agent, and a method for controlling a pest. Generally, the pest control agent is formed by providing a porous starch and an active control agent absorbed within the porous starch, and compressing the porous starch in the presence of heat to form discrete plural particles. Preferably, one or more binders are employed, as are one or more secondary absorbents/fillers. In highly preferred embodiments of the invention, the pest control agent is prepared via pelletizing in a commercial pellet mill. The particles so prepared should be sufficiently durable to withstand bulk transport, such as by rail car or bag shipment. The particles should, however, release the control agent quickly upon contact with water, such that, for instance, the control agent may be released when the pest control agent is introduced to standing water. It is contemplated that the control agent is preferably a mosquito control agent.

Abstract: A membrane enclosed fluid diffusion system for insect attractants and repellents, auto thermostatic heaters, and chemical delivery using an additive and/or selectively permeable membrane that interacts with the enclosed fluid to maintain steady delivery rates over a range of temperature and humidity. Systems can be formed with permeable membranes, impermeable membranes, chemical hydrates, wicks, scent fluids, fuel fluids, catalytic heaters, energy conversion devices, visible images, infrared images, trapping systems, sound systems, electronics, and apparel. The device results in efficient and effective devices for mosquito control drug delivery, and portable heaters.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a topical insect repellent with extended duration of protection and that was obtained by combining natural and organic plant essential oil compounds. The new natural repellent exhibits the longevity and repellency that is comparable to or better than N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET), a synthetic compound employed in almost all commercial formulations, while at the same time is more acceptable than DEET, which has an unpleasant odor, imparts a greasy feel to the skin, and carries certain health concerns when used on children. The inventive insect repellent, formulated in a suitable carrier repels and incapacitates flying insects and other pests, such as mosquitoes and other biting flies or insects, thus demonstrating the utility of the novel insect repellent for protecting pets and livestock as well as humans.

Abstract: The compositions comprise an effective repellent amount of one or more monoterpenoids, one or more sesquiterpenoids or a blend of one or more monoterpenoids and one or more sesquiterpenoids in combination with a carrier, wherein the compositions are formulated to repel a target pest from a target area. In one embodiment, the one or more monoterpenoids, and/or one or more sesquiterpenoids are from a biorational source, such as a plant volatile. In one embodiment, the one or more sesquiterpenoids are oxygen-containing sesquiterpenoids. In a particular embodiment, the plant volatile is a monoterpenoid, such as “nepetalactone” (or the individual nepetalactone isomers) derived from catnip (Nepeta cataria). In another embodiment, the plant volatile is additionally or alternatively a sesquiterpenoid derived from the fruit of the Osage orange tree (Maclura pomifera), Siam wood or the Amyris plant. Such compositions have repellency, including long term repellency, against arthropods.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a pharmacophore model for arthropod repellent activity and methods of making and using thereof. The pharmacophore comprises two hydrophobic aliphatic functions, one aromatic function and one hydrogen bond acceptor function. The pharmacophore model was made using a test set of arthropod repellent compounds. Also disclosed are arthropod repellent compounds identified by screening databases with the pharmacophore model. Also disclosed are methods of repelling arthropods from a surface or area. Compositions and formulations comprising the compounds of the present invention as well as objects having the compounds of the present invention are disclosed.

Abstract: cis-Jasmone has been discovered to be useful as a semiochemical that changes the behavior of insects and/or the physiology of plants. It has direct signalling roles with plant-feeding aphids, in attraction of aphid predators and parasitoids, and may act as an airborne signal inducing production of volatile plant semiochemicals, including the monoterpene (E)-?-ocimene, that stimulate foraging by parasitoids. It is an extremely benign compound having, to human beings, a pleasant aroma and gives a long-lasting effect after removal of the stimulus.

Abstract: A mixture for application on an animal to provide barrier protection against insects, parasites, arachnids and/or other arthropods, and ectoparasites, and in general viruses, bacteria and/or other microorganisms is provided. The mixture includes a carrier or combination of carriers, especially mineral oil, that at least after application has an absolute or resultant viscosity of from 100 to 1200, and especially greater than 120, and especially 300 to 650 S.U.S. The mixture also includes an insecticide, ectoparasitide, insect or other arthropod growth regulator (IGR), viricide, bacteriacide and/or bacteriostatic compound that is blended with the carrier and that acts non-systemically. The mixture contains essentially no surfactant, emulsifier, or emulsifying agent, either in solution or suspension.

Abstract: Disclosed are substrates suited for dispensing air treatment chemicals upon being heated. Granular particles, preferably sand with a phenolic binder, are adhered together to form a substrate body having a network of pores. A volatile air treatment chemical is disposed in the pores. The particle size and pores are such that the smaller particles of the substrate are grouped at one end, preferably an end adjacent to a projecting nose. This structure tends to wick the volatile air treatment chemical towards the nose, and heating that area can lead to efficient, and rechargeable, dispensing. Methods for using such substrates, and methods for forming such substrates, are disclosed.

Abstract: A multi-purpose skin composition which functions as a sunscreen, an anti-perspirant, an insect/pest repellant and/or an antiseptic is disclosed. In some illustrative embodiments, the multi-purpose skin composition includes a powdered repellent formulation having a substantially homogenous powdered mixture including corn starch powder, zinc oxide powder, peppermint powder, basil powder, rosemary powder, eucalyptus powder, copper mica powder and silica powder spheres. In other illustrative embodiments, the multi-purpose skin composition includes a powdered relief formulation having a substantially homogenous powdered mixture comprising corn starch powder, lavender powder, peppermint powder, eucalyptus powder and silica powder spheres.

Abstract: The device for dispensing a volatile insecticide or repellent includes a sheet impregnated with an insecticidal/repellent component which volatilizes at an ordinary temperature; a flat box for detachably holding the sheet, the flat box having a sheet-exposing aperture for volatilizing the insecticidal component from the held impregnated sheet; and a suspension cord for three-dimensionally assembling a plurality of the flat box.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) are described for deterring vermin, wherein R is unbranched or branched C1-C15 alkyl, which is unsubstituted or substituted by halogen, cyano or nitro; R1 and R2 are unbranched or branched C1-C12 alkyl, preferably C1-C6 alkyl, which is unsubstituted or substituted by halogen, cyano or nitro; and X and Y, independently of one another, are a straightchain or branched alkylene bridge with 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably an alkylene bridge with 1 to 3 carbon atoms, which is unsubstituted or substituted by halogen, cyano or nitro. Furthermore, an essentially non-therapeutical process for deterring vermin is described, which is based on the usage of these compounds, as well as verminrepellent compositions containing these compounds as the active ingredient, and finally the use of these compounds for producing vermin-deterring compositions and their usage in deterring vermin from animals, humans and objects. New compounds within the scope of formula (I) are also described.

Abstract: Volatile impregnated substrates, such as wicks and mats, that can be used in a dispensing device that uses a heat source or otherwise uses active means to promote the release of the volatile material from the substrate are disclosed. The preferred substrate has a structure including sand particles adhered together by a binder to form a network of pores and passages. The binder is selected from thermoset polymeric materials and mixtures thereof. A volatile material is disposed in the pores before the substrate is installed in the dispensing device. The impregnated substrate is positioned in the dispensing device on or near the heat source of the dispensing device. The heat source is activated thereby elevating the temperature of the substrate such that volatile material is released from the pores. In one embodiment, the sand particles comprise silica sand and the binder is a cured novolac resin.

Abstract: Volatile impregnated substrates, such as wicks and mats, that can be used in a dispensing device that uses a heat source or otherwise uses active means to promote the release of the volatile material from the substrate are disclosed. The preferred substrate has a structure including sand particles adhered together by a binder to form a network of pores and passages. The binder is selected from thermoset polymeric materials and mixtures thereof. A volatile material is disposed in the pores before the substrate is installed in the dispensing device. The impregnated substrate is positioned in the dispensing device on or near the heat source of the dispensing device. The heat source is activated thereby elevating the temperature of the substrate such that volatile material is released from the pores. In one embodiment, the sand particles comprise silica sand and the binder is a cured novolac resin.

Abstract: Volatile impregnated substrates, such as wicks and mats, that can be used in a dispensing device that uses a heat source or otherwise uses active means to promote the release of the volatile material from the substrate are disclosed. The preferred substrate has a structure including sand particles adhered together by a binder to form a network of pores and passages. The binder is selected from thermoset polymeric materials and mixtures thereof. A volatile material is disposed in the pores before the substrate is installed in the dispensing device. The impregnated substrate is positioned in the dispensing device on or near the heat source of the dispensing device. The heat source is activated thereby elevating the temperature of the substrate such that volatile material is released from the pores. In one embodiment, the sand particles comprise silica sand and the binder is a cured novolac resin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to materials and methods for protecting man-made structures made with non-wood materials from termite damage through the application of borates to the surface of non-wood materials. In an embodiment the invention regards a method for preventing termite tunneling and tubing on non-wood and/or non-cellulosic materials by treating non-wood building components comprising the steps of applying a composition to the surfaces of a non-wood building component, wherein the composition comprises a borate component. In another embodiment the invention regards a method for preventing termite damage to man-made structures comprising the steps of mixing borates with a solvent to form a borate solution, obtaining a non-wood building component, coating the non-wood building component with the borate solution, and incorporating the coated non-wood building component into a man-made structure.

Abstract: This invention provides compositions and methods useful for repelling target pests. The compositions comprise an amount of a monoterpenoid or sesquiterpenoid effective to repel a target pest from a target area, the monoterpenoid or sesquiterpenoid in combination with a carrier. In one embodiment, the monoterpenoid or sesquiterpenoid is from a biorational source, such as a plant volatile. In a particular embodiment, the plant volatile is a monoterpenoid, such as “nepetalactone” (or the individual nepetalactone isomers) derived from catnip (Nepeta cataria). In another embodiment, the plant volatile is any one or a combination of sesquiterpenoids derived from the fruit of the Osage orange tree (Maclura pomifera). Such compositions have repellency against arthropods, such as cockroaches, mosquitoes, mites, ticks, spiders, and so forth.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a pharmacophore model for arthropod repellent activity and methods of making and using thereof. The pharmacophore comprises two hydrophobic aliphatic functions, one aromatic function and one hydrogen bond acceptor function. The pharmacophore model was made using a test set of arthropod repellent compounds. Also disclosed are arthropod repellent compounds identified by screening databases with the pharmacophore model. Also disclosed are methods of repelling arthropods from a surface or area. Compositions and formulations comprising the compounds of the present invention as well as objects having the compounds of the present invention are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides an insect repellent fragrance comprising; (a) at least 10% by weight of the insect repellent fragrance of geraniol; (b) at least 10% by weight of the insect repellent fragrance of diethyl phthalate; and (c) at least one or more of linalol, limonene, citronellal, terpinolene and p-tertiary butyl cyclohexyl acetate; wherein the insect repellent fragrance comprises at least 60% by total weight of the insect repellent fragrance of (a), (b) and (c). The insect repellent fragrance surprisingly demonstrates effective repellency, particularly against cockroaches, and more particularly against both German and American cockroaches.

Abstract: A combustible pesticidal product is disclosed which comprises a structural element formed from a cardboard having a thickness of at least 0.75 mm, a density of 450-850 kgm3 and consisting of 1 or more plies, the cardboard including: an alkali or alkaline earth metal nitrate or nitrite in an amount of from 0 to 1.83% w/w, or an alkali or alkaline earth carbonate or bicarbonate in an amount of from 0.02 to 7.0% w/w; one or more mineral silicates in an amount of from 0.01 to 8.0% w/w; a phosphate in an amount of from 0.01 to 0.40% w/w and selected from the group consisting of diammonium phosphate, monoammonium phosphate, triammonium phosphate and mixtures thereof; a boron compound in an amount of from 0.001 to 0.

Abstract: An insect repellent composition that includes a blend of either all natural oils or synthetic ingredients, a sunscreen vitamin F, volatile silicones to extend the effective repellent life of the spray and a film forming polymer to resist water wash off. The natural oils and extracts can include citronella and orange and the synthetics can include D-limonene and phtalic acid.

Abstract: Aerosol insecticidal sprays are disclosed that contain butylhydroxytoluene, limonene, and sodium benzoate, in addition to water, hydrocarbon solvent, propellant, surfactant, and insecticidal active. The sprays are resistant to discoloration even during long term storage.

Abstract: A method of repelling an insect pest such as a tick, mosquito or cockroach comprises applying to a subject or substrate, in an amount effect to repel the insect pest, a compound of Formula I: wherein R is C4-C20 linear or branched alkyl. Particularly preferred compounds of Formula (I) are 2-tridecanone and 2-undecanone.

Abstract: Described for the purpose of application to an inanimate laminar substantially solid surface is a substantially hydrocarbon-free functional substance-providing stick article having consistently-maintained functional composition integrity comprising a stiff, substantially monophasic, thermally-reversible hydrocarbon-free composition consisting essentially of a mixture of: (a) a structural support polymer containing an ester-terminated polyamide and/or at least one tertiary amide-terminated polyamide; (b) a high concentration of a system-compatible functional composition which is one or more of a perfume composition, an insect repellant composition, an animal repellant composition, an anti-microbial composition, an insect attractant composition and/or an air freshener composition; and (c) at least one compatible operativeness organic acid ester and/or metal salt additive which enables the stick, prior to, during and subsequent to application thereof to the inanimate laminar substantially solid surface, to ha

Abstract: The present invention relates to an insect repellent isolated from Foeniculum vulgare fruit, and more particularly, to an insect repellent comprising one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of fennel oil which is isolated from Foeniculum vulgare fruit, (+)-fenchone and E-9-octadecenoic acid. The fennel oil, (+)-fenchone and E-9-octadecenoic acid of the present invention are provided as insect repellent components due to their lack of toxicity to people.

Abstract: Disclosed is an insect repellent composition. The composition has an amount of an insect repellent active effective to repel insects when the composition is applied to the skin, and an amount of a urethane polymer sufficient to form a film on the surface of the skin. The composition also has a cosmetically-acceptable vehicle. Also disclosed is a method of repelling insects from the skin by applying the composition to the skin.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for killing or controlling invertebrates comprising applying a pesticidally-effective amount of a pesticidal composition to invertebrates or to a locus where killing or control of invertebrates is desired, wherein (i) the invertebrates are selected from the group consisting of ants, cockroaches, spiders, fleas, ticks, earwigs, pillbugs, beetles, flies, crickets, mosquitoes, and wasps, and (ii) the pesticidal composition is unscented and comprises an inert carrier and a pesticidally active ingredient consisting of benzyl alcohol and phenethyl propionate.

Abstract: The short term effectiveness of pesticidal articles, for example pesticide impregnated textile covers for use in combating dust mite infestation, is improved by the additional presence of a quick release pesticide thereon, e.g. a wettable powder formulation of the same pesticide as used for impregnation. The invention is of particular value in the area of pyrethroid containing textile covers, e.g. as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,916,580.

Abstract: A substance delivery device includes a combustible paperboard strip and at least one substance toxic to insects and a perfume. The delivery device can take the form of a coil and includes a flexible backing sheet for supporting the combustible paperboard strip. The flexible backing sheet is not capable of combustion. Additionally, the material of the paperboard strip can include a combustion promoter.

Abstract: There is provided a topical composition that comprises (a) a substantially anhydrous insect repellent selected from the group consisting of ethyl 3-(N-butylacetylamino) propionate or a derivative thereof, p-menthane-3,8-diol, hydroxyethyl isobutyl piperidine carboxylate (1-piperidine carboxylic acid), and mixtures thereof, and (b) a non-volatile solvent. A second embodiment of the present composition includes the same insect repellent, and a volatile solvent, and, optionally, a film former. A third embodiment includes the same insect repellent, a non-volatile solvent, a volatile solvent, and, optionally, a film former.

Abstract: Disclosed is an aerosol insect repellent composition. The composition has (a) an amount of an insect repellent effective to repel insects when applied to the skin and (b) a cosmetically-acceptable vehicle in which to disperse and deliver the insect repellent active. The vehicle has (i) a VOC component capable of volatilizing upon exposure to a reduction in pressure for delivering the composition in an aerosol form, and (ii) a non-VOC component. The aerosol composition has a VOC content of not greater than about 55 wt. % based upon the weight of the aerosol composition. Further disclosed is a method of repelling insects from skin wherein the aerosol composition is applied to or sprayed on the skin.

Abstract: Various exemplary compounds, compositions and methods are disclosed. An exemplary composition includes an insecticide comprising a formula weight greater than approximately 220 and a compound comprising an insect stimulant and a formula weight less than approximately 220. An exemplary method includes applying an insecticide comprising a formula weight greater than approximately 220 and applying a compound comprising an insect stimulant and a formula weight less than approximately 220. Exemplary compounds optionally include semiochemicals of insects, plants and/or animals. Other exemplary compounds, compositions and/or methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: A topical insect repellent with extended duration of protection was obtained from mixtures of molecules based on two or more volatile repellent organic molecular species occurring naturally on the human skin surface. The novel repellent comprises mixtures of lower, intermediate, and higher volatility organic molecules. Active ingredients for formulations are obtained from homologous series of carboxylic acids, alcohols, ketones, and lactones which span a similar range of volatility and which occur naturally on the skin surface. Volatile silicone fluid imparts mildness and water repellency to the repellent formulations. The new natural repellent exhibits the longevity and repellency that is comparable to N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET), a synthetic compound employed in almost all commercial formulations, but the inventive natural repellent is more acceptable than DEET, which has an unpleasant odor and imparts a greasy feel to the skin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of 24-membered cyclodepsipeptides of the formula (1) in which R1 and R2 are as defined in the description, for controlling animal pests in veterinary medicine, hygiene, agriculture, forests and in the protection of materials, to pesticides comprising these depsipeptides and to novel depsipeptides of the formula (1).