Abstract: Antimicrobial compositions useful in the treatment of microbial infections and as general cleansers are provided along with methods for their administration. The antimicrobial compositions are aqueous based and preferably contain a quaternary ammonium compound as a antimicrobial agent. The antimicrobial compositions also preferably contain a surfactant such as a cationic, nonionic, or amphoteric surfactant or mixtures thereof. A keratolytic agent, such as allantoin, is also preferably blended into the antimicrobial compositions. The antimicrobial compositions are ideally suited for subcutaneous, cutaneous, or mucosal membrane administration.

Abstract: A method for combatting cellulitis or reducing localized fatty excesses involves administering a body slimming amount of a composition which contains, as the sole slimming agent, an .alpha.-tocopherol, benzyl, xanthinol or hexyl nicotinate, or .alpha.-tocopherol acetate.

Abstract: A method of delivering NO gas to a desired situs on or in the body of a sentient animal, e.g. humans, comprising combining and causing to react a soluble reducing salt, preferably ferrous sulfate, and a nitrite, preferably sodium nitrite, as reactants in the presence of moisture in situ at or adjacent such situs. Means for such delivery include compositions such as tablets, capsules, ointments, creams, lotions, and sprays containing mixtures of particles or granules of the two reactants, and transdermal patches and osmotic pumps for combining solutions of reactant or reactants in situ.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for rectal administration which comprises a benzimidazole compound having antiulcer activity and a salt of C.sub.6-20 fatty acid, both of which are intermingled with each other in a base for rectal administration.The composition for rectal administration of the present invention is effective for the treatment of gastrointestinal ulcers, is excellent in the stability of the active ingredient therein and the absorption thereof to thereby insure an early attainment of therapeutically effective blood concentration and permits control of the rate of absorption of the drug. Furthermore, the composition for rectal administration of the present invention swells in the intestinal tract, attaches itself to the mucosa, and releases the active ingredient gradually over a long time to supply the drug at a high concentration and with high efficiency. Therefore, the expected therapeutic efficacy can be obtained at a low dosage level with a minimum of side effect.

Abstract: Suppositories, produced by a process in which a suppository basic mass is produced containing (a) 50-75% of 5-aminosalicylic acid as an active ingredient, (b) 2-5% talc, magnesium stearate and/or polyvinyl pyrrolidone and (c) 20-48% by weight of a polyethylene glycol having an average molecular weight of at least 4000, and the produced mass is compressed to suppositories in a tabletting machine.

Abstract: A method for treating prostate cancer including the steps of placing a patient in the prone position within an imaging device, obtaining regularly spaced two-dimensional images of the prostate gland, placing a needle guiding device adjacent the gluteal region of the patient at an angle substantially identical to an angle of the imaging device, successively placing radioactive seeds within the patient through the gluteal region so as to form a three-dimensional array of seeds encompassing the entire prostate gland, and verifying seed placement using the imaging device.

Abstract: A stable solution, cream, salve, or spray composition containing activated stabilized chlorine dioxide and phosphates, such as disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, trisodium phosphate, and sodium monofluorophosphate, is disclosed for the prevention and treatment of abnormal conditions of the epithelium of bodily orifices. Examples of such abnormal conditions of the epithelium of the rectal, vaginal, urethral, oral, nasal, ocular, and auditory canal orifices include bacterial infections, such as Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis, and fungal infections, such as Candida, and leukoplakia. The preferred concentration ranges are between about 0.005%-2.0% chlorine dioxide, and between about 0.02%-3.0% phosphate. The phosphate compound retards escape of chlorine dioxide in the pH range of 6.0 to 7.

Abstract: This invention relates to an article of manufacture comprising an aqueous gel containing a selected zinc salt contained within a deformable plastic-walled tubular container, for convenient and consistent use as a topical genital lubricant during acts of sexual intercourse. The zinc salt must be organic, water-soluble, and have substantial dissociation rates to release divalent zinc ions. Suitable zinc salts include zinc acetate, zinc propionate, zinc butyrate, zinc formate, zinc gluconate, zinc glycerate, zinc glycolate, and zinc lactate. The gel must also contain a thickening agent (such as chemically treated cellulose) and a lubricating agent (such as glycerin), and it must be free of heparin, dextran sulfate, or any other anti-coagulant or other component which poses a substantial risk of adverse effects if the lubricant is used frequently and repeatedly over a period of months or years.

Abstract: Balanced pH, hyperosmotic, hypoosmotic, or isoosmotic gels are ideal vehicles for drug delivery. They are especially suited for topical body cavity or injection application of drugs or diagnostic agents; for drug or diagnostic agent delivery to the eye of a mammal; as protective corneal shields; or as ablatable corneal masks useful in laser reprofiling of the cornea. The compositions without the addition of a drug or diagnostic agent are useful as medical devices, for instance, in separating surgically or otherwise injured tissue as a means of preventing adhesions.

Abstract: This invention includes a pharmaceutical composition including a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, urea, and hyaluronic acid or a pharmaceutically salt thereof. The invention also includes a method of treating disease of the cutis which includes applying to cutis tissues in need of such treatment a therapeutically effective amount of a composition comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, urea, and hyaluronic acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, said disease having symptoms selected from the group consisting of inflammation, erythema, edema, papules, vesicles, macules, pustules, scaling, cracking, crusting, and lesions.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for reducing the risk of infection by sexually transmitted viruses. This method involves spreading a lubricant fluid containing a selected zinc salt across the surfaces of the penis or vagina, before intercourse, in a manner that causes the lubricant to coat and remain in contact with the genital surfaces throughout intercourse. The zinc salt should be organic, water-soluble, non-irritating, physiologically acceptable, and have a high rate of dissociation, which allows it to release substantial quantities of divalent zinc ions. Suitable zinc salts include zinc acetate, zinc propionate, zinc butyrate, zinc formate, zinc gluconate, zinc glycerate, zinc glycolate, and zinc lactate. A preferred carrier fluid comprises a lubricant gel, which also contains water, a thickening agent (such as chemically treated cellulose) and a lubricating agent (such as glycerin).

Abstract: A virucidal, spermicidal vaginal gel consisting essentially of povidone iodine having a povidone to iodine ratio of about 15:1 or higher containing from about one percent to about twenty percent low molecular weight povidone having a molecular weight of about 20 kd or lower, the gel having a viscosity such that a conical body drawn from a body of the same does not visibly slump at 37C. for a period of at least one minute and a method of preventing sexual transmission of disease and preventing pregnancy using the same are disclosed.

Abstract: A complex material of a hydrophilic polymer-silicate mineral comprising a carboxyl group containing hydrophilic polymer and a water swellable silicate mineral, and having a new absorption spectrum not existing in both starting materials in the IR-ray absorption spectrum within the range of 1000 to 1300 cm.sup.-1, and pharmaceutical and cosmetic compositions comprising same.

Abstract: Suppository formulations having long-term stability and containing readily bioavailable .DELTA..sup.9 -THC derivatives.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sustained-release suppository preparation characterized by comprising an acidic drug or a salt thereof which can be absorbed by rectal administration and an acidic compound or a pH buffering agent. The sustained-release suppository preparation of the present invention exhibits no rapid increase in blood concentration immediately after the administration and maintains its action for a long period of time. Thus, it is safer and exhibits a better therapeutic effect.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical preparation for rectal or vaginal administration, comprising a prostaglandin compound and an alkali metal salt of a fatty acid having 8 to 12 carbon atoms, and a method for administering a prostaglandin compound, comprising rectally or vaginally administering same in the presence of an alkali metal salt of a fatty acid.According to the present invention, absorption of prostaglandin from rectum or vagina can be enhanced.The prostaglandin can be stabilized in the preparation.

Abstract: A stable solution, cream, salve, or spray composition containing activated stabilized chlorine dioxide and phosphates, such as disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, trisodium phosphate, and sodium monofluorophosphate, is disclosed for the prevention and treatment of abnormal conditions of the epithelium of bodily orifices. Examples of such abnormal conditions of the epithelium of the rectal, vaginal, urethral, oral, nasal, ocular, and auditory canal orifices include bacterial infections, such as Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis, and fungal infections, such as Candida, and leukoplakia. The preferred concentration ranges are between about 0.005%-2.0% chlorine dioxide, and between about 0.02%-3.0% phosphate. The phosphate compound retards escape of chlorine dioxide in the pH range of 6.0 to 7.

Abstract: A sustained release suppository comprising in a usual suppository basea) a water-soluble therapeutically active substance, the average particle size of which is smaller than 20 .mu.m,b) a physiologically acceptable organic substance which is swellable in contact with water, andc) hydrophobic silicium dioxide.The suppository base is usually a fat having a melting range of from 29.degree. to 38.degree. C. As ingredient b) cellulose derivatives such as hydroxypropylmethylcellulose may be used, in a quantity of from 5 to 40% by weight, preferably 9 to 15% by weight. Ingredient c) is preferably used in a quantity of from 3 to 6% by weight. Also a process for manufacturing the suppositories is described.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical dosage unit defined by a sheath composed of a bioadhesive material which surrounds one or more capsules and one or more nonliquid supports containing the active pharmaceutical ingredient. The capsules are made of a mixture of approximately 70% gelatin and 30% glycerin. The supports can be tablets. The dosage unit is useful in providing a sustained release effect of the pharmaceutical ingredient in the lower part of the rectum for a period of 24 hours.

Abstract: The invention provides a multiphase pharmaceutical composition for combatting skin and anorectal conditions requiring medication comprising at least one phase containing one or more medicaments for combatting said disease and at least one porous phase containing a silicone oil absorbed therein and adapted for release, preferably delayed release, of the silicone oil whereby application of said composition at a region affected by said skin or anorectal condition deposits said medicament or medicaments thereon and a layer of silicone oil is formed thereover thus protecting the medicaments from erosion by aqueous media.

Abstract: The invention provides a multiphase pharmaceutical composition for combatting an anorectal disease comprising at least one phase containing one or more medicaments for combatting said disease and at least one phase adapted for delayed release of a silicone oil whereby application of said composition at a region affected by said disease deposits said medicament or medicaments thereon and a layer of silicone oil is formed thereover, so protecting the medicaments from erosion by aqueous media.

Abstract: Suppository formulations having long-term stability and containing readily bioavailable .DELTA..sup.9 -THC derivatives.

Abstract: New solid, porous unitary form comprising micro-particles and/or nano-particles, made by lyophilization are useful for the administration of therapeutically active substances, nutrition agents, diagnostic agents or cosmetic agents.

Abstract: Described are dry pharmaceutical preparations or clysters designed for rectal administration, which contain an active ingredient or mixture of active ingredients plus additives, and which are only reconstituted immediately before use by the addition of water, the volume of which can be selected to suit the particular patient. Such preparations are preferably marketed in graduated clyster flasks allowing the contents to be diluted with an amount of water appropriate to a particular patient.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of medical treatment for a medical condition in a mammal. In this method, a pharmacologically effective amount for treatment of the condition of a trioxolane or a diperoxide of a non-terpene unsaturated hydrocarbon is applied to the mammal. The invention also provides methods of modulating the immune system in a mammal, of treating inflammation of a tissue in a mammal, and of treating bacterial, fungal, protozoal and viral infections in a mammal.

Abstract: This invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions for rectal administration containing semi-synthetic glycerides produced by interesterification, and, as the active ingredient, triazole derivatives of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is phenyl optionally sustituted with from one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, I, CF.sub.3,(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkoxy, and 5-chloropyrid-2-yl; X is OH, F, Cl or Br; R.sub.2 is H.sub.2, CH.sub.3 or F; and R.sub.3 is H or F.

Abstract: Balanced pH, thermo-irreversible gels are ideal vehicles for drug delivery to a body cavity of a mammal. The gels contain a mixture of a polyoxyalkylene block copolymer or polyether together with an ionic polysaccharide which is thermo-irreversibly gelled in the presence of a counter-ion.

Abstract: There is provided an anhydrous topically applicable aerosol foam composition comprising a foamable anhydrous liquid, a foaming agent selected from the group consisting of methyl glucose C.sub.16 -C.sub.18 aliphatic acid esters and a propellant, said propellant being capable of existing in gaseous form at ambient pressure and temperature and being present in an amount sufficient to produce a stable measurable foam but insufficient to produce a spray when said composition is ejected through an aerosol valve.

Abstract: Balanced pH, hyperosmotic, hypoosmotic, or isoosmotic gels are ideal vehicles for drug delivery. They are especially suited for topical body cavity or injection application of drugs or diagnostic agents; for drug or diagnostic agent delivery to the eye of a mammal; as protective corneal shields; or as ablatable corneal masks useful in laser reprofiling of the cornea. The compositions without the addition of a drug or diagnostic agent are useful as medical devices, for instance, in separating surgically or otherwise injured tissue as a means of preventing adhesions.

Abstract: Bioadhesive pharmaceutical carrier consisting essentially of a polymer blend of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and xanthan gum or sodium alginate. The invention also provides for a method of control releasing a pharmaceutical active comprising incorporating an active into the bioadhesive pharmaceutical carrier. The invention is particularly adaptable for oral use and teething gels.

Abstract: Sustained and enhanced antipyretic response is elicited in a mammalian organism in need of such treatment, i.e., a mammal suffering from elevated body temperature (fever), by administering thereto a unit dosage sustainedly enhancing, antipyretically effective amount of the free acid S(+) flurbiprofen enantiomer, said enantiomer being substantially free of its R(-) flurbiprofen antipode.

Abstract: Peptides previously disclosed as useful for preventing HIV from binding to cell binding sites have now been shown to have thymoleptic qualities and to be useful for tretment of psoriasis in patients who lack antibodies against HIV.

Abstract: An excipient for a pharmaceutical compound which melts at body temperature but will not spontaneously deform at higher temperatures encountered in shipment and storage comprises:______________________________________ Low MW Polyethylene glycol 75-90% (M.P. about 37.degree. C.) Medium to high MW polyethylene glycol 0-4% Long chain saturated carboxylic acid 0-4% Polyethylene oxide 0-4% (MW 100,000-5,000,000) Colloidal silica 10-20%. ______________________________________The excipient is particularly advantageous for the preparation of dosage forms for buccal administration of pharmaceutical compounds.

Abstract: A method of treating hemorrhoids and anorectal disease which includes applying to the hemorrhoids and anorectal tissues an effective amount of a composition including a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and hyaluronic acid or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

Abstract: This invention relates to omeprazole compositions designed for administration in the rectum, wherein said compositions comprise omeprazole, an active ingredient, a mixture of polyethylene glycols having molecular weights 1,000, 1,540, 4,000 and/or 6,000 or a mixture of adeps solidus and sodium laurylsulfate and a soluble, basic amino acid selected from arginine, lysine or histidine.

Abstract: The controlled release of therapeutically active agents is achieved from a controlled release matrix of sodium alginate and a calcium salt. When the composition is to be administered rectally, the matrix is combined with a therapeutically active agent and a suitable suppository base. When the composition is to be administered orally, the matrix further includes a higher aliphatic alcohol.

Abstract: A method utilizing compositions for topical application which are adapted for the prevention and treatment of viral infections such as Herpes, AIDS and other envelope virus infections are disclosed. The compositions of the present invention produce a synergistic anti-viral effect when used in combination. The formulation contains a humectant such as sorbitol, glycerol, or other comparable compound in the range of 20-80% w/v final concentration, which facilitates structural and/or functional three dimensional disruption or disorientation of the viral envelope. The activation of the destruction of the envelope and subsequent death of the envelope virus is then achieved using combination of inorganic monovalent anions, nonionic detergents and anionic detergents. These monovalent anions can include sodium bicarbonate, sodium thiocyanate, sodium fluoride and sodium chloride at about 0.5 to 5% w/v final concentration; nonionic detergents such as Tween 20 at concentrations of about 0.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of zinc salts as anti-viral agents in sexual lubricants. A zinc salt which releases divalent zinc ions in an aqueous carrier fluid is provided in a sexual lubricant formulation which is spread on the genitals before sexual intercourse. The mixture is non-irritating, and the zinc ions serve as an anti-viral agent to reduce the risk of contracting genital herpes if a sexual partner is infected. These lubricants may also reduce the risk of infection by other sexually transmitted viral diseases, such as hepatitis, papilloma viruses, and AIDS. A preferred lubricant formulation comprises water, a thickening or suspending agent, a lubricating agent, and a suitable zinc salt. Salts which have been tested and shown to be non-irritating during sexual intercourse include zinc acetate, zinc propionate, and zinc gluconate. Other zinc salts have also been identified which are soluble in water and have low pK values, which indicates a high rate of zinc ion release.

Abstract: Bioadhesive pharmaceutical carrier consisting essentially of a polymer blend of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and xanthan gum or sodium alginate. The invention also provides for a method of control releasing a pharmaceutical active comprising incorporating an active into the bioadhesive pharmaceutical carrier. The invention is particularly adaptable for oral use and teething gels.

Abstract: The antitumor and antiviral compound avarone, a process for its production, pharmaceutical compositions containing said compound, and a method of combating susceptible viruses and tumors therewith, are disclosed.

Abstract: A method for preventing the sickling of sickle cells in a patient having sickle cell disease, the method which comprises administering to the patient a therapeutically effective amount of a compound having the formula: ##STR1## wherein X.sup.- is selected from the group consisting of iodide, chloride, bromide, hydroxyl, nitrite, phosphate and acetate.

Abstract: 8,10-Dideazatetrahydrofolic acid derivatives of the formula: ##STR1## where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are selected from hydrogen and alkyl having from one to about eight carbon atoms and the carboxylates and acid addition salts thereof, showing strong inhibition of L1210 murine leukemia cells in culture, modest inhibition of glycinamide ribotide transformylase and aminoimidazole carboxamide ribotide transferase, and insignificant inhibition of dihydrofolate reductase and thymidylate synthase enzymes.

Abstract: A new barium sulfate contrast medium comprising 20 to 30 w/v % barium sulfate, gum tragacanth and either sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or gum arabic is useful for x-ray examination of the large intestine having adequate radiolucency combined with high coating abilities.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for potentiation of a therapeutic agent, the method comprising the steps of administering an effective dose of insulin to induce to hypoglycemia; administering a pre-determined dose of a therapeutic agent; and administering a pre-determined dose of glucose sufficient to substantially neutralize the hypoglycemia. As an adjuvant system, the instant invention constitutes the combination of a quantity of insulin in the range of one to four units per 10 kilograms of body weight; a pre-determined quantity of the therapeutic agent; and glucose in the form of a hypertonic solution between about 5% and about 50% glucose, the volume of the solution being in the range of about 10 cubic centimeters to about 100 cubic centimeters. The inventive method is known as Insulin Potentiation Therapy (IPT).

Abstract: A method and product for preparing a controlled-release composition are provided. The method comprises formation of a mixture containing at least one amphiphilic substance capable of forming a liquid crystalline phase, in contact with a liquid selected from the group consisting of water, glycerol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol and mixtures thereof. The method includes a step of providing in such mixture a bioactive material. Preferred controlled-release compositions include an alkylbetaine zwitterionic surfactant therein.

Abstract: Suppositories comprising a suppository base, a calcitonin and taurocholic acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof exhibit improved bioavailability and are well tolerated.

Abstract: Balanced pH, thermo-irreversible gels are ideal vehicles for drug delivery to a body cavity of a mammal. The gels contain a mixture of a polyoxyalkylene block copolymer or polyether together with an ionic polysaccharide which is thermo-irreversibly gelled in the presence of a counter-ion.

Abstract: An excipient for a pharmaceutical compound which melts at body temperature but will not spontaneously deform at higher temperatures encountered in shipment and storage comprises:______________________________________ Low MW Polyethylene glycol 75-90% (M.P. about 37.degree. C.) Medium to high MW polyethylene glycol 0-4% Long chain saturated carboxylic acid 0-4% Polyethylene oxide 0-4% (MW 100,000-5,000,000) Colloidal silica 10-20%. ______________________________________The excipient is particularly advantageous for the preparation of dosage forms for buccal administration of pharmaceutical compounds.

Abstract: Antioxidant compositions and methods are disclosed that are prepared by the extraction of natural antioxidants from plant substrates.

Abstract: A method for preventing the sickling of sickle cells in a patient having sickle cell disease, the method which comprises administering to the patient a therapeutically effective amount of a compound having the formula: ##STR1## wherein X.sup.- is selected from the group consisting of iodide, chloride, bromide, hydroxyl, nitrite, phosphate and acetate.