Abstract: Embodiments in accordance with the present disclosure include methods, polymers, and complexes. For example, a method embodiments includes providing a solution including a disassembled supramolecular polymer and a bond disrupting agent, adding an antisolvent to the solution to precipitate the supramolecular polymer, and isolating the precipitated supramolecular polymer from the bond disrupting agent. The isolated supramolecular polymer is configured to selectively disperse single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) of a particular electrical type from a SWNT mixture including SWNTS of at least two electrical types.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for reducing the viscosity of a nanofibrillar cellulose hydrogel, wherein the method comprises mixing a nanofibrillar cellulose hydrogel with an aqueous growth medium for cell culture, wherein the aqueous growth medium contains one or more salts and optionally one or more sugars, using shearing forces so that a homogeneous dispersion is formed. The invention further relates to a dispersion comprising a nanofibrillar cellulose hydrogel and an aqueous growth medium for cell culture and to a use of an aqueous growth medium.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a three-dimensional network structure material comprises steps: mixing ammonium carboxymethyl cellulose with water or with water and a nanomaterial to form a first gel or a second gel; freeze-drying the first gel or the second gel to sublimate the first gel or the second gel and form a first product or a second product; and heating the first product or the second product at a lower temperature to cure the first product or the second product and obtain a first 3D network structure material or a second 3D network structure material. The present invention uses a simple process using water as the solvent, meeting the environment protection demand and having high economical efficiency. The first and second 3D network structure materials fabricated by the present invention absorb water but do not dissolve in water. Thus, the present invention can be applied to many fields.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a co-attrited stabilizer composition comprising: a) microcrystalline cellulose in an amount of from 20%-90% by weight of the composition; b) a hydrocolloid in an amount of from 5%-50% by weight of the composition, wherein the hydrocolloid is selected from at least one member of the group consisting of carboxymethyl cellulose having a degree of substitution of at least 0.95, pectin, alginate, carrageenan, xanthan gum, agar gum, wellan gum, or gellan gum; and c) a starch in an amount of from 5%-50% by weight of the composition, wherein the stabilizer composition has a gel strength (G?) of at least 25 Pa when measured after 24 hours in a 2.6% solids water dispersion at 20° C. The composition is useful as a stabilizer, particularly in food and beverage products.

Abstract: There is provided a catalyst comprising metal nanoparticles supported on nanocrystalline cellulose and a homogeneous catalyst system comprising this catalyst colloidally suspended in a fluid. There is also provided a method of producing this catalyst and various uses thereof.

Abstract: Surfactant systems are provided using microfibrous cellulose to suspend particulates. In one embodiment the surfactant system includes a microfibrous cellulose at a concentration from about 0.05% to about 1.0% (w/w), a surfactant at a concentration of about 51% to about 99% (w/w active surfactant), and a suspended particulate. Also provided herein are methods for preparing surfactant systems including microfibrous cellulose.

Abstract: Processes disclosed are capable of converting biomass into high-crystallinity nanocellulose with surprisingly low mechanical energy input. In some variations, the process includes fractionating biomass with an acid (such as sulfur dioxide), a solvent (such as ethanol), and water, to generate cellulose-rich solids and a liquid containing hemicellulose and lignin; and mechanically treating the cellulose-rich solids to form nanofibrils and/or nanocrystals. The total mechanical energy may be less than 500 kilowatt-hours per ton. The crystallinity of the nanocellulose material may be 80% or higher, translating into good reinforcing properties for composites. The nanocellulose material may include nanofibrillated cellulose, nanocrystalline cellulose, or both. In some embodiments, the nanocellulose material is hydrophobic via deposition of some lignin onto the cellulose surface.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide cellulose fine particles having a small particle diameter and a high average polymerization degree, and a liquid dispersion or a solid dispersion thereof. The inventive cellulose fine particles have an average particle diameter of 9 to 400 nm and an average polymerization degree (DP) of cellulose of 150 to 3,000.

Abstract: Methods of making a high gel strength, water-dispersible, stabilizing colloidal microcrystalline cellulose composition are disclosed. This stabilizer composition is useful in many food and non-food applications.

Abstract: To provide a method for producing a gel of a carboxymethyl cellulose alkali metal salt, in which a gel having high elasticity and strength and also having excellent water retention and durability can be obtained inexpensively and simply. The method for producing a gel of a carboxymethyl cellulose alkali metal salt of the present invention includes previously mixing a mixture containing a carboxymethyl cellulose alkali metal salt and a water retention agent and subsequently mixing the resulting mixture with an acid aqueous solution to obtain a gel.

Abstract: Disclosed is a cellulose ester film which is suppressed in volatilization of components during film formation, while having high surface flatness, high durability after saponification and good adhesion to a polarizer. Also disclosed is a method for producing such a cellulose ester film by melt forming. Further disclosed are a polarizing plate having high light resistance and high durability, and a liquid crystal display having high image quality. Specifically disclosed is a cellulose ester film characterized by containing a cellulose ester, a compound represented by the general formula (1) below, and a compound represented by the general formula (2) below.

Abstract: A fluorinated polyoxyalkylene glycol diester surfactant of formula 1 B—X—COCH2O—[—CpH2pO—]n—CH2CO—X—Ra??(1) wherein B is M or Ra, M is an ionizable hydrogen, ammonium, alkali metal, or alkaline earth metal, p is from about 2 to about 4, n is from about 5 to about 43, X is O, S, or SCH2CH2O, Ra is Rf(CH2CF2)d—(CgH2g)—; Rf[OCF2CF2]r(CgH2g)—; Rf(CH2)h[(CF2CF2)i(CH2CH2)j]k-; or RfOY—; Y is CFHCF2O(CH2CH2O)v-(CgH2g)—; CFHCF2O(CwH2w)—; or CF(CF3)CONH—(CgH2g)—; each Rf is independently CcF(2c+1) wherein c is 1 to about 6; d is 1 to about 3; g is 1 to about 4; or 1; r is 1 to about 4; h is 1 to about 6; i, j, and k are each independently 1, 2, or 3, or a mixture thereof; provided that the total number of carbon atoms in Rf(CH2)h[(CF2CF2)i(CH2CH2)j]k— is from about 8 to about 22; v is 1 to about 4; and w is from about 2 to about 12.

Abstract: The compositions of hydrogel colloidal crystals are made from mixing an aqueous suspension of poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (“PNIPAM”)-co-allylamine microgels with dichloromethane, forming a PNIPAM-co-allylamine/dichloromethane mixture. The PNIPAM-co-allylamine/dichloromethane mixture is incubated for a period of time at a given temperature, forming the colloidal crystal material. The colloidal crystals can be stabilized by diffusing a glutaric dialdehyde solution into the colloidal crystal material. The concentration of polymer matrix microgels can determine the orientation of random or columnar crystals.

Abstract: The invention provides the use of novel, binary guanosine gels for simple, rapid and nondestructive solubilization of individual single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) at high concentrations. The gels exhibit selectivity between metallic and semiconducting SWNTs and, further, among SWNTs with different chiralities.

Abstract: The invention provides the use of novel, binary guanosine gels for simple, rapid and nondestructive solubilization of individual single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) at high concentrations. The gels exhibit selectivity between metallic and semiconducting SWNTs and, further, among SWNTs with different chiralities.

Abstract: A method for making particles containing carboxyalkyl cellulose, comprising blending a carboxyalkyl cellulose and a galactomannan polymer or a glucomannan polymer in water to provide an aqueous solution; treating the aqueous solution with a crosslinking agent to provide a gel; drying the gel to provide a solid; comminuting the solid to provide a plurality of particles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to substantially pure hydrocolloids and derivatives thereof a novel method of making said hydrocolloids, compositions comprising said hydrocolloids, and using said hydrocolloids as a gelling and thickening agent for aqueous systems, for instance, in the area of food, fodder, cosmetic and pharmaceutical compositions. Typical hydrocolloids are selected from tamarid, fenugreek, cassia, locust bean, tara and guar. The hydrocolloids obtainable by the method of the invention are colorless, odorless and tasteless and they exhibit improved performance properties such as viscosity properties as well as gel strength and break strength.

Abstract: The invention concerns the gelatinization of viscous aqueous or hydroalcoholic liquid components, buffered or not, intended for the production of films for the manufacture of soft capsules. These compositions are notable in particular in that gelatinization thereof is obtained extemporaneously starting with thickening agents that exhibit the unique property of gelatinizing instantly upon contact with complexing solutions, the elasticity of the films being obtained by introducing or not introducing a plasticizing agent, decomposition thereof being controlled by incorporating or not incorporating a surfactant or a polysaccharide, and preservation thereof being ensured or not ensured by the addition of preservatives, thus allowing it to contain oily and/or aqueous solutions. The invention also concerns a method for manufacturing films for such capsules, which comprises gelatinization of said films by applying a complexing agent to the mass by spraying and/or by immersion.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of obtaining hydrogels based on (i) cyclodextrins, (ii) cyclodextrins and cellulose ethers or (iii) cyclodextrins and guar gum or the derivatives of same, using molecules containing two or more glycidyl ether groups in the structure thereof as a cross-linking agent. The invention also relates to the compositions thus obtained, which can include active substances and pharmaceuticals and which form inclusion complexes with cyclodextrins. The invention further relates to the use of same as components of controlled-release devices, such as transdermal pharmaceutical forms, vaginal, otic, ocular, rectal, oral or buccal transmucosal forms and parenteral implants, which are designed to administer active substances or pharmaceuticals to humans, animals or plants, or as components of cosmetic formulations.

Abstract: The invention provides process for making contra-soluble nano-dispersions of at most sparingly-soluble materials in a soluble carrier material comprising the steps of: (i) providing a single phase mixture of: a) a solvent or a mixture of miscible solvents, b) at least one carrier material soluble in solvent (a), said carrier material being also contra-soluble to payload material (c) and solid at ambient temperature, c) at least one a payload material which is soluble in solvent (a), and, (ii) drying the mixture to remove solvent (a) and thereby obtain the carrier material (b) in solid form with payload (c) dispersed therein as nanoparticles.

Abstract: Ultra-fine microcrystalline cellulose compositions are disclosed which comprise co-attrited microcrystalline cellulose and a hydrocolloid. The compositions have a mean particle size of less than 10 microns. The compositions are prepared by subjecting a high solids mixture of microcrystalline cellulose and a hydrocolloid to high shear forces in the presence of an anti slip agent preferably an aqueous solution of an inorganic salt. The compositions are especially useful in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic and industrial applications.

Abstract: A gel comprising a deacylated gellan gum, an effective amount of a sequestrant, an effective amount of a syneresis control agent, and a gelation inducer is described. Also methods for making the gel are disclosed including a method for forming heat-resistant gels comprising mixing deacylated gellan gum and xyloglucan; hydrating the blend; resting the hydrated blend until a gel forms. The gels can be used in a variety of applications such as air freshener gels.

Abstract: The present invention comprises methods and compositions for decreasing or preventing viscosity loss in hydrogels.

Abstract: A method for making particles containing carboxyalkyl cellulose, comprising blending a carboxyalkyl cellulose and a galactomannan polymer or a glucomannan polymer in water to provide an aqueous solution; treating the aqueous solution with a crosslinking agent to provide a gel; drying the gel to provide a solid; comminuting the solid to provide a plurality of particles.

Abstract: Compositions of a water in water emulsion having a first phase of gelled particles with specific aspect ratio and width, are suitable for application in products. The compositions impart a creamy impression to the final product.

Abstract: Liquid water soluble polymer suspensions in non-aqueous solvents are extremely stable over long periods of time with minimum separation of the solvent and no hard packing of the dispersed water soluble polymer. The suspensions enable a user to rapidly add the suspension to water, being mixed at low speeds, without the formation of lumps or fisheyes and without generating fugitive dust in the process. The suspensions are environmentally safe and biodegradable. Unlike many other liquid polymer suspensions, the suspensions exhibit minimal oil or grease upon dilution. They contain no surfactants that can add to the oil and grease determination. The suspensions and the fluids produced by diluting the fluids to a working concentration of the water soluble polymer exhibit low toxicity to marine organisms and to humans. The suspensions can be manufactured from ingredients suitable for use in personal care applications such as cosmetics, shampoos and the like.

Abstract: A method for strengthening a hydrogel of a naturally-occurring gelling agent, or a derivative thereof, including the step of adding at least one glycol to the gelling agent of the general formula: HO—(CH2)n—OH, HO—(CH2—CH2O)x—H, HO—(CH2—CH2—CH2O)y—H; and, HO—(CH2—CH[CH3]—O)y—H, in which, n is from 2 to about 8; x is from 6 to about 30; and, y is from 4 to about 20. Also useful of those of the general structure: HO—[C(R1)(R2)—C(R3)(R4)]—OH, in which, R1, R2, R3, R4 are capable of being —H in all four positions, or H in 0, 1, 2, 3 positions and —CH3 or —C2H5 in any or all of the non-H occupied positions.

Abstract: An absorbent foam material which comprises a solid, cross-linked form of an anionic polymer (e.g. an alginate) and fibers or other cation contributing polymeric particulates which have donated appropriate cations for effecting cross-linking of the anionic polymer. Methods of producing the foam material are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for preparing a gel composition, such as alginate gel beads, using a proper concentration of calcium pantothenate or calcium ascorbate as a gelling agent.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions that are intimate mixtures of hydrogen fluoride and a polymer. The compositions of the invention are less hazardous and, therefore, more conveniently stored, transported, and handled in comparison to pure hydrogen fluoride. Further, the hydrogen fluoride may be readily recovered from the compositions of the invention for use.

Abstract: A composition containing cellulose formate and a solvent system. At a temperature at least equal to a value T.sub.f the composition is a solution, and at a temperature appreciably less than T.sub.f the composition is an elastic, thermoreversible gel.A process for preparing a regenerated cellulose article by the transformation of this composition. Gel spinning in order to obtain a fibre or a film. A regenerated cellulose fibre having an excellent resistance to fibrillation in particular, wherein the said fibre may be a monofilament fibre.These fibres or these films may be used in textile applications or in technical applications, for example for reinforcing other articles, particularly tires.

Abstract: The invention relates to an aggregated silica gel which has been produced from silica gel particles having a particle size of 1 to 20.mu., a surface of 200 to 1000 m.sup.2 /g and a specific pore volume of 0.4 to 2.5 ml/g and a binding agent selected from synthetic or natural phyllosilicate, pyrogenic silicon dioxide and organic polymers soluble in water or dispersible in water. Aggregation takes place by spray-drying a suspension having 1 to 25% solids. The product is suitable as a matting agent for coatings, as an antiblocking agent for polymer films and as a beer clarifying agent.

Abstract: There is provided a method for the detection of leaks of an electrophilic gas from a system, such as chlorodifluoromethane or carbon dioxide, which comprises applying to an exterior surface of the system a gel consisting essentially of a Lewis base capable of removing a proton from the gas or reacting therewith in a similar electrophilic manner; a dye capable of visibly indicating a color change on protonation or deprotonation; a solvent for the dye, the base and the gas; and a rheology modifier capable of producing a non-newtonian gel of all of these components which is sufficiently translucent to permit visual detection of change of color of the dye and of sufficient pseudoplasticity/thixotropy to provide adhesion to vertical and horizontal surfaces.