Abstract: A pattern is formed on a substrate with forming a layer of a first curable composition (A1) containing a component (a1) as a polymerizable compound and a first component (c1) as a surfactant on a surface of the substrate, then dispensing droplets of a second curable composition (A2) containing a component (a2) as a polymerizable compound and a second component (c2) as a surfactant onto the layer formed of the first curable composition (A1), subsequently sandwiching a mixture layer of the first and second curable compositions (A1) and (A2) between a mold having a pattern and the substrate, then irradiating the mixture layer with light to cure the mixture layer, and releasing the mold from the mixture layer after curing. The first curable composition (A1) contains at least 0.5 wt % of the first component (c1), the second curable composition (A2) contains at least 0.5 wt % of the second component (c2).

Abstract: A semi-finished product for electrical engineering is described, which is a composite of an aluminum sheet and a copper sheet. According to this disclosure, the semi-finished product bears an acrylate-based protective layer, which has been applied as a lacquer, which contains at least one photoinitiator and has been cured under the effect of light to form acrylate polymer, preferably acrylate copolymer. This disclosure also relates to an unfinished product produced from such a semi-finished product. A method for producing such a semi-finished product is also described.

Abstract: A well treatment additive includes a siloxane surfactant, a solvent and an aqueous phase. The solvent, in some embodiments, is a terpene hydrocarbon. Also disclosed is a method for using the well treatment additive to form and enhance the properties of foams useful for the treatment of oil and gas wells. Methods of using the novel well treatment foams include using the additives in a variety of well treatment processes including, but not limited to, acidizing operations, hydraulic fracturing operations, well remediation operations and water removal operations.

Abstract: An optical assembly includes an optical device having an optical surface. The optical assembly further includes an encapsulant that substantially covers the optical surface. The encapsulant has a first layer (106) and a second layer (108). The first layer (106) has a first silicone-containing hot melt composition and a major surface (112). The second layer (108) has a second silicone-containing hot melt composition, the second layer (108) having a second major surface (110) in contact with the first major surface (112).

Abstract: An optical article includes a silicone-containing composition. The silicone composition includes a first region having a first refractive index and a second region having a second refractive index. The first refractive index is different than the second refractive index.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a demulsifying composition comprising a blend of a) an emulsion; and b) a demulsifying-effective amount of a silicon containing co-polymer. The present invention also provides for a method for separating emulsions using the demulsifying composition discussed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a coating composition having excellent wavelength conversion efficiency and a wavelength converting thin film/sheet prepared using the same. The coating composition of the present disclosure includes 1 to 60 wt % of polyorgano-silsesquioxane, 0.0001 to 30.0 wt % of a wavelength converting agent, and a solvent, and exhibits a transmittance of 70% or more as compared to that of an aqueous solution. A wavelength converting thin film/sheet prepared by using the coating composition has not only excellent photoluminescence, thermal resistance, and light-fastness, but also moisture and oxygen permeability is low, and the visible light transmittance thereof is 70% or more as compared to that of the air, and when patterning is added, the photoluminescence intensity of sheet is at least two-fold higher than that of a non-patterned sheet.

Abstract: The present invention is directed towards compositions having lecithin and a plasticizer. Processes for producing such compositions are further disclosed. The present invention is also directed towards uses of the novel compositions as a dispersant in order to disperse compounds, such as in the fields of coatings, inks, cosmetics and the like. In one embodiment, the dispersants of the present invention are used to disperse pigments.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a composition capable of imparting surface effects to a liquid by contacting the liquid with a partially fluorinated phosphate with an ammonium cation (NH2R1R2)+ wherein R1 and R2 are independently linear or branched organic groups containing at least one carboxylate moiety and one amino moiety, and optionally be substituted, interrupted, or both with oxygen, sulfur, or nitrogen-containing moieties, or with cyclic alkyl or aryl moieties containing up to 10 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Pre-texturing composition for texturing silicon wafers having one or more surfactants. Methods of texturing silicon wafers having the step of wetting said wafer with a pre-texturing composition having one or more surfactants followed by a texturing step.

Abstract: A compound of Formula 1 Rf-A-OP(O)(O?M+)(O—RH) ??Formula 1 wherein Rf is a C2 to C6 linear or branched perfluoroalkyl optionally interrupted by one, two or three ether oxygen atoms; A is (CH2CF2)m(CH2)n—, (CH2)oSO2N(CH3)(CH2)p—, O(CF2)q(CH2)r—, or OCHFCF2OE-; m is 1 to 4; n, o, p, and r are each independently 2 to 20; q is 2; E is a C2 to C20 linear or branched alkyl group optionally interrupted by oxygen, sulfur, or nitrogen atoms; a cyclic alkyl group, or a C6 to C10 aryl group; M is a Group I metal or an ammonium cation (NHxR2y)+ wherein R2 is a C1 to C4 alkyl, x is 1 to 4, y is 0 to 3 and x+y is 4; and RH is a C1 to C20 linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl, or a C6 to C10 aryl, and its use as a surfactant is disclosed.

Abstract: A dispersant comprising a polyester chain obtainable by polymerising a hydroxy carboxylic acid or lactone thereof such as ?-caprolactone with a cyclic alkylene carbonate such as 5,5-dimethyltrimethylene carbonate. The dispersant may be in the form of a phosphate ester where the polyester chain is reacted with a phosphating agent such as polyphosphoric acid or the polyester chain may be attached to a polyamine or polyimine such as polyethyleneimine.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of end groups Y, where Y stands for CF3O— or F5S—, as hydrophobic end group in surface-active compounds, corresponding novel compounds, and processes for the preparation of these compounds.

Abstract: A surfactant of formula 1 (Rf-A)a-Q-([B]k—R)b??Formula 1 wherein a and b are each independently 1 or 2; Rf is a linear or branched perfluoroalkyl radical having from 2 to about 20 carbon atoms, optionally interrupted with at least one oxygen; R is a C1 to C20 linear, branched or cyclic alkyl, or a C6 to C10 aryl; B is —(CH2CHR1O)x—, k is 0 or 1, x is 1 to about 20, A is —(CH2)m[(CHR1CH2O)]s—[(CH2)m(CH)tCHOH(CH2)m]e—, wherein each m is independently 0 to 3, s is 0 to about 30, t is 0 or 1, and e is 0 or 1, R1 is H or CH3, Q is: —OP(O)(O?M+)(O)—, —O—, —S—(CH2)m—C(O)—O—, —SO2—O— —CH2CH2O—C(O)CH2C(OH)(V)CH2C(O)O—; —(CH2CH2O)xCH2CH(OH)—(CH2CH2O)x—(CH2)m—Si[OSi(R2)3]2—, —SO2NR2—, —(CH2CH2O)zC(O)CH(SO3?M+)CH2C(O)(OCH2CH2)z— wherein z is 1 to about 15, or a bond when s is a positive integer, V is —C(O)OR3 and R3 is H, CH3 or Rf; R2 is C1 to C4 alkyl, and M+ is a Group 1 metal or an ammonium (NHxR2y)+ cation wherein x+y=4, and R2 is C1 to C4 alkyl, provided that when Q is —OP(O)(O?M+)(O)— or when Q is —(

Abstract: The present invention relates to a surfactant system for general use in agricultural compositions, including, but not limited to herbicidal, fungicidal and insecticidal formulations comprised of two components: an alkoxylated polyarylphenol phosphate ester surfactant in combination with an alkoxylated lignosulfonate salt surfactant.

Abstract: The invention relates to the technological sector of mineral fillers used in the sector which manufactures polyurethane foams and in particular fillers of the carbonate, hydroxide, silicate, sulphate type and similar mineral fillers. The invention relates in particular to a method of treating mineral fillers of a specific grain size with the aid of treatment agents of the organic phosphate type, incorporating a de-agglomeration step, and optionally a selection step, with a view to improving the techniques used to manufacture polyurethane foams either by foaming without an auxiliary blowing agent or with a blowing agent such as CO2, and composite polyurethane, whilst reducing the time needed to mix this treated filler treated with the polyol and other reagents. Numerous applications for block foams or moulded foams, for mattresses and similar, the automotive industry, various industrial components, etc . . .

Abstract: The present invention relates to a homogenous adjuvant blend for use in spray carriers containing herbicides. The homogenous adjuvant blend includes an oil, a pH adjuster, and nonionic surfactants.

Abstract: Method for the treatment of mineral fillers using organic phosphate treatment agents. Treated mineral fillers obtained by said method and suspension of these treated mineral fillers in polyols. Use of these suspensions in the manufacture of flexible, semirigid, or rigid polyurethane foams used for the manufacture of molded or nonmolded objects.

Abstract: This invention relates to monoalkyl phosphoric esters, dialkyl phosphoric esters, and, in small amounts, trialkyl phosphoric esters or salts thereof, which are preferably based on &bgr;-branched fatty alcohols, particularly Guerbet alcohol, which are effective in lowering the surface tension of both polar and also nonpolar liquids, and which have high stability, even at elevated temperatures, and low sensitivity to electrolytes and acids. The invention further relates to the use of such mixtures as emulsifiers in cosmetic and pharmaceutical formulations, and to the resulting products.

Abstract: A composition for reducing surface tension comprising from about 0.1% to about 0.5% by weight of a hydrocarbon surfactant and from 0.0001% to about 0.3% by weight of a fluorocarbon surfactant, provided that the hydrocarbon surfactant is present at less than or equal to 0.08% by weight when the fluorocarbon surfactant is present at greater than or equal to 0.

Abstract: An aqueous composition for plasticizing or softening paint, varnish and similar coatings prior to stripping the coating from a surface includes a combination of the active agents, e.g., triethylphosphate and a co-agent selected from dimethyl adipate, 1,2,3-propanetriol triacetate, tri-n-butyl citrate, n-octyl acetate, methyl octanoate and 2-ethyl-l-butanol; as an emulsified hydrophobic phase in which the actives are partitioned between the hydrophobic and aqueous phases. The emulsion is stabilized using a non-ionic water-soluble block copolymer surfactant, being a copolymer of more than one alkylene oxide. The composition may be thickened using rheology control agent. Synthetic smectic clays are particularly suitable. The composition is non-toxic and consists predominantly of water, and yet exhibits effective paint, varnish and lacquer plasticizing/softening.

Abstract: The invention relates to phosphoric esters of the general formula I where X is 1 or 2; n is from 2 to 18; m and o are each from 2 to 100; k is from 2 to 4; R″ is H or a linear or branched alkyl radical; and R′ is an alkyl, alkaryl, alkenyl, or sulfopropyl radical, and to there use as dispersants for pigments and fillers in aqueous or organic media.

Abstract: An aqueous composition for softening or removing organic coatings comprises: (a) an effective amount of a mixture of (a1) at least one non-toxic compound of formula (I). Wherein R, R1 and R2 which may be the same or different, represent lower alkyl, phenyl or lower alkyl-phenyl groups (e.g. triethlyphosphate) and (a2) at least one non-toxic lower alkyl ester of a C2-20 carboxylic acid or at least one non-toxic C4-12 alkanol (e.g. diethyl succinate, diethyl succinate, diethyl adipate. 1,2,3-propanetriol triacetate, tri-n-butyl citrate, n-octyl acetate or methyl octanoate)(b) an effective amount of at least one surfactant to allow the composition to exist as a stable emulsion. The surfactant(s) being selected nonionic water-soluble block compolymers of more than one alkylene oxide (e.g.

Abstract: A dispersant system for formulating stable non-aqueous siliceous particulate slurries, comprising a vehicle comprising a liquid ester, and a dispersant comprising an alkoxylated aminoalcohol and organophosphate ester. Siliceous particulate slurries in accordance with the present invention can include slurries containing siliceous ceramic particulate (i.e., silicon nitride, silicon carbide, silica, and silicon metal powders partially oxidized by air exposure). A wide variety of linear and cyclic organic esters can be used as a vehicle component, including lactones. The alkoxylated aininoalcohol is typically an ethoxylated aminoethanol oligomer. A wide variety of aromatic and nonaromatic organophosphate ester compounds can be used for the second dispersant component.

Abstract: Method for the treatment of mineral fillers using organic phosphate treatment agents. Treated mineral fillers obtained by said method and suspension of these treated mineral fillers in polyols. Use of these suspensions in the manufacture of flexible, semirigid, or rigid polyurethane foams used for the manufacture of molded or nonmolded objects.

Abstract: A predominantly aqueous composition for plasticising or softening paint, varnish and similar coatings prior to stripping the coating from a surface includes preferably a combination of the active agents triethylphosphate and a co-agent selected from dimethyl adipate, 1,2,3-propanetriol triacetate, tri-n-butyl citrate, n-octyl acetate, methyl octanoate and 2-ethyl-l-butanol, as an emulsified hydrophobic phase in which the actives are partitioned between the hydrophobic and aqueous phases. The emulsion is preferably stabilized using a non-ionic water-soluble block copolymer surfactant, being a copolymer of more than one alkaline oxide. The composition may be thickened using a rheology control agent. Synthetic smectic clays are particularly suitable. The composition is non-toxic and consists predominantly of water, and yet exhibits effective paint, varnish and lacquer plasticising/softening characteristics.

Abstract: There are provided compositions of certain polyoxyalkylene alkylamine surfactants having eye irritation reduced by the addition of an effective amount of a sulfated polyoxyalkylene alkylphenol, alcohol sulfate, polyoxyalkylene alcohol sulfate, mono- or dialcohol phosphate mono- or di-(polyoxyalkylene alcohol) phosphate, polyoxyalkylene alkylphenol carboxylate or polyoxyalkylene alcohol carboxylate surfactant. Also provided are pesticidal, particularly herbicidal, compositions comprising polyoxyalkylene alkylamine surfactants having eye irritation reduced by addition of these eye irritation reducing compounds.

Abstract: The invention relates to mixtures of long-chain alkyl phosphates of the formula ##STR1## in which R is a mixture of C.sub.12 -C.sub.22, preferably C.sub.14 -C.sub.20, straight-chain alkyl radicals and C.sub.12 -C.sub.22, preferably C.sub.14 -C.sub.20, .beta.-branched alkyl radicals, and X and Y are identical or different and are hydrogen, alkali metal or an equivalent of an alkaline earth metal, ammonium, mono-, di- or tri-alkylammonium or an organic base, or X and/or Y are as defined under R. These esters are suitable as emulsifiers, in particular for oil-in-water emulsions of a cosmetic pharmaceutical nature.

Abstract: The invention relates to phosphoric esters of the general formula I where X is 1 or 2; n is from 2 to 18; m and o are each from 2 to 100; k is from 2 to 4; R? is H or a linear or branched alkyl radical; and R? is an alkyl, alkaryl, alkenyl, or sulfopropyl radical, and to there use as dispersants for pigments and fillers in aqueous or organic media.