Abstract: Methods and additive compounds for retarding the dispersion in water of bitumen-in-water emulsions, and in particular ORIMULSION, are disclosed. Methods include applied mixing at high speed and changing the pH of the emulsion. Additives include salts and flocculants.

Abstract: Emulsion compositions comprise an aqueous phase, an organic phase, and an emulsifying amount of an emulsifier composition comprising:the reaction product of an amine (C) characterized by the presence within its structure of at least one H--N group and an intermediate formed in the reaction of(A) at least one olefinic compound containing at least one group of the formula ##STR1## and (B) at least one carboxylic reactant selected from the group consisting of compounds of the formulaR.sup.3 C(O)(R.sup.4).sub.n C(O)OR.sup.5 (III)wherein each of R.sup.3 and R.sup.5 is independently H or a hydrocarbyl group, R.sup.4 is a divalent hydrocarbylene group, and n is 0 or 1, and reactive sources thereof and optionally, from about 0.5 to about 2 moles, per mole of (B), of(D) at least one aldehyde or ketone.

Abstract: Alkyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranoside uronic acids, and their pharmaceutically or cosmetically acceptable salts, and their use as surface-active and/or interfacially active active compounds, in particular as detergent surfactants or emulsifiers.

Abstract: New drilling fluids have been invented which are invert emulsion fluids comprising an oleaginous liquid, a non-oleaginous liquid, and a protonated amine. Such fluids are acidic and thus useful in drilling wells in which acidic gases such as CO.sub.2 or H.sub.2 S are likely to be encountered and break, i.e. de-emulsify, the drilling fluid.