Abstract: A process for producing a catalyst, comprising the steps of modifying a carrier by a first impregnation with at least one alkaline earth metal in a first metal precursor solution, the first metal precursor being decomposed to form at least one metal oxide or metal hydroxide, thereby obtaining a modified carrier. A second impregnation is carried out by incipient wetness by a second precursor solution comprising at least one metal Me in a second solution. Finally, the second precursor is decomposed, thereby obtaining a catalyst body having an enrichment of the at least one metal Me in the outer shell of the catalyst body, the metal being present in a concentration having either as an egg-shell profile or a hammock profile.

Abstract: The present invention is a catalyst comprising: (i) a compound comprising at least one first metal element selected from boron, magnesium, zirconium, and hafnium, and (ii) an alkali metal element, wherein the compound and the alkali metal element are supported on a carrier having silanol groups, an average particle size of the compound of the first metal element is 0.4 nm or more and 50 nm or less, the catalyst satisfies the following formula (1): 0.90×10?21(g/number)?X/(Y×Z)<10.8×10?21(g/number)??formula (1), in which X is a molar ratio of the alkali metal element to the at least one first metal element in the catalyst, Y is a BET specific surface area of the catalyst (m2/g), and Z is a number of the silanol groups per unit area (number/nm2).

Abstract: A method of producing high strength shaped alumina by feeding alumina power into an agglomerator having a shaft with mixers able to displace the alumina power along the shaft, spraying a liquid binder onto the alumina power as it is displaced along the shaft to form a shaped alumina, and calcining the shaped alumina. The shaped alumina produced having a loose bulk density of greater than or equal to 1.20 g/ml, a surface area less than 10 m2/g, impurities of less than 5 ppm of individual metals and less than 9 ppm of impurities in total, and/or crush strength of greater than 12,000 psi.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods of use are provided for a lobular catalyst for use in processes featuring water at high pressures and high temperatures, including in supercritical or near supercritical water conditions. The lobular catalyst structure features a shaped, plate-like structure extending along the reactor length with a high surface area. The lobular catalyst structure is fixed in place and mounted within a high temperature and high pressure reactor. The catalyst includes a catalytically active component, which can be a transition metal. The catalyst can be used in high pressure and high temperature processes, including in supercritical or near supercritical water processes, to improve heavy oil upgrading and hydrocarbon conversion in chemical processes.

Abstract: Multi-metallic bulk catalysts and methods for synthesizing the same are provided. The multi-metallic bulk catalysts contain nickel, molybdenum tungsten, niobium, and optionally, titanium and/or copper. The catalysts are useful for hydroprocessing, particularly hydrodesulfurization and hydrodenitrogenation, of hydrocarbon feedstocks.

Abstract: A cobalt carbide-based catalyst for direct production of olefin from synthesis gas, a preparation method therefor and application thereof are disclosed. The method for preparing the catalyst comprises the following steps: 1) mixing a cobalt source with water, or mixing a cobalt source, an electron promoter and water to obtain a first solution; and mixing a precipitant with water to obtain a second solution; 2) adding the first solution and the second solution to water, or water and a structure promoter for precipitation, crystallizing, separating, drying and calcination; and 3) reducing a solid obtained in Step 2) in a reducing atmosphere, and then carbonizing in a carbonizing atmosphere. The prepared catalyst has high activity and high selectivity to olefins for direct production of olefins via syngas conversion.

Abstract: Aspects of the invention relate to improvements in the flexibility with which oxygen and hydrogen, for example from electrolysis, may be supplied to processes having both gasification and methanation steps, as well as improvements in how such processes may be operated in response to variations in carbonaceous feeds. Offsets, between the ideal quantity of hydrogen and the quantity available from a given source may be compensated for by adjusting one or more operations of the process, and in particular such operation(s) that ultimately impact the quantity of CO and/or CO2 available downstream of the gasifier for conversion to methane in an RNG product stream.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an integrated circuit is disclosed. The integrated includes a general purpose processor, an interface circuit, and a calibration adapter circuit. The general purpose processor circuit generates calibration test inputs based on user instruction. The analog interface circuit may include a calibration bus circuit. The calibration bus circuit may receive the calibration test input from the general purpose processor circuit. The calibration adapter circuit is coupled to the calibration bus circuit and the general purpose processor circuit and transmits the calibration test inputs to the calibration bus circuit.

Abstract: A method for preparing a silica-modified catalyst support is described including: (i) applying an alkyl silicate to the surface of a porous support material in an amount to produce a silica content of the silica-modified catalyst support, expressed as Si, in the range 0.25 to 15% by weight, (ii) optionally drying the resulting silicate-modified support, (iii) treating the support with water, (iv) drying the resulting water-treated support, and (v) calcining the dried material to form the silica-modified catalyst support.

Abstract: Methods of making metal oxide-graphene composites are disclosed. The methods can include, for example, providing a composition including graphene oxide and at least one substrate, the composition being dispersed in a liquid medium. The methods can also include, for example, providing a composition including graphene oxide and at least one substrate, heating the composition, and cooling the composition. Compositions useful for performing the methods and composites obtained by the process are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing the activated catalyst for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis comprising: a first step of reducing a catalyst for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis; a second step of preparing liquid hydrocarbon in which a part or all of molecular oxygen is eliminated; and a third step of introducing the reduced catalyst prepared in the first step into the liquid hydrocarbon prepared in the second step while blocking its contact with air. Since the reduced catalyst used for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis is introduced into liquid hydrocarbon from which molecular oxygen is removed or coated by liquid hydrocarbon, the catalyst for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis activated based on the present invention maintains a high activity even if exposed to the air for a long time, thereby easily facilitating the long-term storage and long-distance transfer of the reduced catalyst.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for preparing a catalyst composition containing mesoporous materials are described herein. In particular, various embodiments described herein relate to the preparation of catalytic compositions containing a mesoporous zeolite and one or more catalytic nanoparticles dispersed therein. In various embodiments described herein, such catalyst compositions can be used in various catalytic conversion processes, such as hydrocracking.

Abstract: A method for preparing a silica-modified catalyst support is described including: (I) applying an alkyl silicate to the surface of a porous support material in an amount to produce a silica content of the silica-modified catalyst support, expressed as Si, in the range 0.25 to 15% by weight, (ii) optionally drying the resulting silicate-modified support, (iii) treating the support with water, (iv) drying the resulting water-treated support, and (v) calcining the dried material to form the silica-modified catalyst support.

Abstract: A process to upgrade heavy oil and convert the heavy oil into lower boiling hydrocarbon products is provided. The process employs a catalyst slurry comprising catalyst particles with an average particle size ranging from 1 to 20 microns. In the upgrade process, spent slurry catalyst in heavy oil is generated as an effluent stream, which is subsequently recovered/separated from the heavy oil via membrane filtration. In one embodiment, dynamic filtration is used for the separation of the heavy oil from the catalyst particles. Valuable metals can be recovered from catalyst particles for subsequent re-use in a catalyst synthesis unit, generating a fresh slurry catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst for oxygenate synthesis for synthesizing an oxygenate from a mixed gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide, the catalyst for oxygenate synthesis containing: a component (A): rhodium, a component (B): manganese, a component (C): an alkali metal, and a component (D): a component (D1), component (D2) or component (D3), wherein the component (D1) is one or more substances selected from the group consisting of titanium, vanadium and chromium, the component (D2) is an element belonging to group 13 of the periodic table, and the component (D3) is one or more substances selected from the group consisting of magnesium and lanthanoids. According to the present invention, an oxygenate can be synthesized efficiently from a mixed gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide.

Abstract: An iridium-doped carbon nanotube has an atomic ratio of iridium to carbon on a surface thereof ranging from 1×10?4 to 3.5×10?4 as measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. A working electrode including the aforesaid iridium-doped carbon nanotube and a sensor including the working electrode are also disclosed in the present invention.

Abstract: A catalyst loading system comprising: a vessel comprising at least one gas distribution nozzle at or near the bottom of the vessel, a top fluid distributor located at or near the top of the vessel, a catalyst inlet through which catalyst is introduced into the vessel, a first contact point at which catalyst introduced into the vessel first contacts the contents of the vessel, and a discharge outlet whereby catalyst exits the vessel. Methods of preparing catalyst slurry for introduction into a downstream reactor or in-situ activation within the vessel utilizing the catalyst loading system are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed are hybrid Fischer-Tropsch catalysts containing cobalt deposited on hybrid supports. The hybrid supports contain an acidic zeolite component and a silica-containing material. It has been found that the use of the hybrid Fischer-Tropsch catalysts in synthesis gas conversion reactions results in high C5+ productivity, high CO conversion rates and low olefin formation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to: a catalyst activation method for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis; a catalyst regeneration method for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis; and a method for producing a liquid or solid hydrocarbon by using the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction. The temperatures required for a metal carbide producing and activating reaction is markedly lower than existing catalyst activation temperatures, and the catalyst can be activated under conditions that are the same as Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction conditions, and thus there is no need for separate reduction equipment in the reactor, and a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst which has been used for a long time can be regenerated within the reactor without the catalyst being isolated or extracted from the reactor.

Abstract: Provided are a support for supporting a metal, a metal-supported catalyst, a methanation reaction apparatus, and a method relating thereto that realize effective methanation of carbon monoxide. The support for supporting a metal includes a carbonized material obtained by carbonizing raw materials containing an organic substance and a metal, in which the support is used for supporting a metal that exhibits a catalytic activity for a methanation reaction of carbon monoxide. The metal-supported catalyst includes: a support formed of a carbonized material obtained by carbonizing raw materials containing an organic substance and a metal; and a metal that exhibits a catalytic activity for a methanation reaction of carbon monoxide, the metal being supported on the support.

Abstract: A unique process and catalyst is described that operates efficiently for the direct production of a high cetane diesel type fuel or diesel type blending stock from stoichiometric mixtures of hydrogen and carbon monoxide. This invention allows for, but is not limited to, the economical and efficient production high quality diesel type fuels from small or distributed fuel production plants that have an annual production capacity of less than 10,000 barrels of product per day, by eliminating traditional wax upgrading processes. This catalytic process is ideal for distributed diesel fuel production plants such as gas to liquids production and other applications that require optimized economics based on supporting distributed feedstock resources.

Abstract: Catalytic process for the partial conversion of a gaseous mixture containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen into a mixture of hydrocarbons, including bringing the said gaseous mixture into contact with a solid catalyst, the solid catalyst having a porous support with a composite material including SiC and a titanium carbide and/or a titanium oxide, and an active phase. The support is prepared in the form of grains, beads, or extrudates, or in the form of cylinders or sheets of cellular foam.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst for oxygenate synthesis for synthesizing an oxygenate from a mixed gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide, the catalyst for oxygenate synthesis containing: a component (A): rhodium, a component (B): manganese, a component (C): an alkali metal, and a component (D): a component (D1), component (D2) or component (D3), wherein the component (D1) is one or more substances selected from the group consisting of titanium, vanadium and chromium, the component (D2) is an element belonging to group 13 of the periodic table, and the component (D3) is one or more substances selected from the group consisting of magnesium and lanthanoids. According to the present invention, an oxygenate can be synthesized efficiently from a mixed gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide.

Abstract: Use a transition metal-containing, Keggin-type heteropoly compound as a catalyst to convert synthesis gas to an alcohol, especially a C1-C6 alcohol.

Abstract: Use a transition metal-containing, Anderson-type heteropoly compound catalyst to convert synthesis gas to an oxygenate, especially an alcohol that contains from one carbon atom to six carbon atoms.

Abstract: This invention relates to a catalyst for oxygenate synthesis to use for synthesizing an oxygenate from mixed gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide, the catalyst comprising, an (A) component: rhodium, a (B) component: manganese, a (C) component: an alkali metal, and a (Z) component: magnesium oxide.

Abstract: A process and system for producing high octane fuel from carbon dioxide and water is disclosed. The feedstock for the production line is industrial carbon dioxide and water, which may be of lower quality. The end product can be high octane gasoline, high cetane diesel or other liquid hydrocarbon mixtures suitable for driving conventional combustion engines or hydrocarbons suitable for further industrial processing or commercial use. Products, such as dimethyl ether or methanol may also be withdrawn from the production line. The process is nearly emission free and reprocesses all hydrocarbons not suitable for liquid fuel to form high octane products. The heat generated by exothermic reactions in the process is fully utilized as is the heat produced in the reprocessing of hydrocarbons not suitable for liquid fuel.

Abstract: A method is provided for converting synthesis gas to liquid hydrocarbon mixtures useful as distillate fuel and/or lube base oil containing no greater than about 25 wt % olefins and containing no greater than about 5 wt % C21+ normal paraffins. The synthesis gas is contacted with a synthesis gas conversion catalyst comprising a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis component and an acidic component in an upstream catalyst bed thereby producing a wax-free liquid containing a paraffin component and an olefin component. The olefin component is saturated by contacting the liquid with an olefin saturation catalyst in a downstream catalyst bed.

Abstract: A catalyst composition contains an active metal on a support including a high surface area substrate and an interstitial compound, for example molybdenum carbide. Pt—Mo2C/Al2O3 catalysts are described. The catalyst systems and compositions are useful for carrying out reactions generally related to the water gas shift reaction (WGS) and to the Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis (FTS) process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to petrochemistry and gas chemistry, and discloses a support for catalysis of exothermic processes, particularly the Fischer-Tropsch process, methanol synthesis, hydrogenation and purification of exhaust gases. The support comprises metallic aluminium in the form of a mixture of dispersed powders of flaky and spherical aluminium and the support is in the form of pellets, preferably cylinders, tablets, balls, obtained by extrusion, pelletization, tabletting, rounding or liquid molding. The catalyst prepared on the support comprises an active metal selected from the group consisting of Co, Fe, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pt, Pd, Cu and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A method is provided for converting synthesis gas to liquid hydrocarbon mixtures useful as distillate fuel and/or lube base oil containing no greater than about 25 wt % olefins and containing no greater than about 5 wt % C21+ normal paraffins. The synthesis gas is contacted with a synthesis gas conversion catalyst comprising a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis component and an acidic component in an upstream catalyst bed thereby producing a wax-free liquid containing a paraffin component and an olefin component. The olefin component is saturated by contacting the liquid with an olefin saturation catalyst in a downstream catalyst bed.

Abstract: Process for the conversion of carbon oxide(s) and hydrogen-containing feedstocks to oxygen containing hydrocarbon compounds in the presence of a particulate rhodium-based catalyst, by reacting carbon oxide(s) and hydrogen in the presence of a particulate rhodium-based catalyst in a conversion reactor to form oxygen containing hydrocarbon compounds. At least one paraffinic aliphatic monohydric alcohol of the formula R-OH where R is a hydrocarbon radical having 1 or 3 to 5 carbon atoms is/are separated from the other oxygenates produced in the conversion reactor, and is/are then sent back to the conversion reactor.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for converting a feed comprising synthesis gas to liquid hydrocarbons within a single reactor at essentially common reaction conditions. The synthesis gas contacts a catalyst bed comprising a mixture of a synthesis gas conversion catalyst on a support containing an acidic component and a dual functionality catalyst including a hydrogenation component and a solid acid component. The hydrocarbons produced are liquid at about 0° C., contain at least 25% by volume C10+ and are substantially free of solid wax.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for converting a feed comprising synthesis gas to liquid hydrocarbons within a single reactor at essentially common reaction conditions. The synthesis gas contacts a catalyst bed comprising a mixture of a synthesis gas conversion catalyst on a support containing an acidic component and a dual functionality catalyst including a hydrogenation component and a solid acid component. The hydrocarbons produced are liquid at about 0° C., contain at least 25% by volume C10+ and are substantially free of solid wax.

Abstract: Process for the conversion of carbon oxide(s) and hydrogen-containing feedstocks to C2-oxygenates in the presence of a particulate catalyst, by reacting carbon oxide(s) and hydrogen in the presence of a particulate rhodium-based catalyst in a conversion reactor to form C2-oxygenates. A saturated monocarboxylic acid having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms and/or an ester of a saturated monocarboxylic acid having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms with a monohydiic aliphatic paraffinic alcohol having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms are separated from the ethanol and acetaldehyde produced in the conversion reactor and is/are sent back to the conversion reactor.

Abstract: Methods for producing alcohols from CO or CO2 and H2 utilizing a palladium-zinc on alumina catalyst are described. Methods of synthesizing alcohols over various catalysts in microchannels are also described. Ethanol, higher alcohols, and other C2+ oxygenates can produced utilizing Rh—Mn or a Fisher-Tropsch catalyst.

Abstract: The disclosed invention relates to a process and apparatus for converting natural gas to higher molecular weight hydrocarbons. The process includes steam reforming to form synthesis gas followed by a Fischer-Tropsch reaction to convert the synthesis gas to the high molecular weight hydrocarbons. The reforming and Fischer-Tropsch reactions are conducted in microchannel reactors. The higher molecular weight hydrocarbons may be further treated to form hydrocarbon products such as middle distillate fuels, lubricating oils, and the like. The apparatus includes vessels containing SMR microchannel reactors and Fischer-Tropsch microchannel reactors. A composition comprising a mixture of olefins and paraffins is disclosed.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for converting a feed comprising synthesis gas to liquid hydrocarbons within a single reactor at essentially common reaction conditions. The synthesis gas contacts a catalyst bed comprising a mixture of a synthesis gas conversion catalyst on a support containing an acidic component and a dual functionality catalyst including a hydrogenation component and a solid acid component. The hydrocarbons produced are liquid at about 0° C., contain at least 25% by volume C10+ and are substantially free of solid wax.

Abstract: A catalyst and process is described for the conversion of hydrogen and one or more oxides of carbon in which the catalyst comprises an elemental carbon-containing support. Also described is a process for reducing agglomeration in carbon nanotubes, in which carbon nanotubes are suspended in a liquid and simultaneously treated by ultrasound and agitation. The method can be used to prepare carbon nanotube-supported catalysts that show high activity towards the conversion of feedstocks comprising hydrogen and one or more oxides of carbon.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a transition metal nano-catalyst, a method for preparing the same, and a process for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis using the catalyst. The transition metal nano-catalyst comprises transition metal nanoparticles and polymer stabilizers, and the transition metal nanoparticles are dispersed in liquid media to form stable colloids. The transition metal nano-catalyst can be prepared by mixing and dispersing transition metal salts and polymer stabilizers in liquid media, and then reducing the transition metal salts with hydrogen at 100-200° C. The nano-catalyst can be used for F-T synthesis reaction. The process for F-T synthesis using the nano-catalyst comprises contacting a reactant gas mixture comprising carbon monoxide and hydrogen with the catalyst and reacting. The catalyst can rotate freely in three-dimensional space under reaction conditions, and have excellent catalystic activity at a low temperature of 100-200° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved process in term of selectivity and catalyst activity and operating life for the conversion of hydrocarbons to ethanol and optionally acetic acid in the presence of a particulate catalyst, said conversion proceeding via a syngas generation intermediate step.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved process for the conversion of carbon oxide(s) and hydrogen containing feedstocks to oxygen containing hydrocarbon compounds in the presence of a particulate catalyst.

Abstract: In a process for the conversion of carbon monoxide to C2+ hydrocarbons in the presence of hydrogen and of a catalyst comprising a metal and a support comprising silicon carbide, the support comprises more than 50% by weight of silicon carbide in the beta form. A process for the conversion of carbon monoxide to C2+ hydrocarbons in the presence of hydrogen and of a catalyst the effluent thus obtained are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a catalytically active composition for the selective methanation of carbon monoxide which comprises at least one element selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, rhodium, nickel and cobalt as active component and a support material based on carbon. The invention further provides for the use of this catalytically active composition for the selective methanation of carbon monoxide and in the production of hydrogen for fuel cell applications.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for removing carbon monoxide from a hydrogenous gas stream by reacting the carbon monoxide with hydrogen to give methane and water in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst. In this process, the catalyst is present in the form of a thin-layer catalyst on a support material. The invention further relates to an apparatus for carrying out the process.

Abstract: Natural gas is reacted with steam for generating carbon monoxide and hydrogen in a first catalytic reactor. The resulting gas mixture is used to perform Fischer-Tropsch synthesis in a second catalytic reactor. After performing Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, the remaining hydrogen is separated from a hydrocarbon-rich stream using a hydrogen-permeable membrane, and the hydrocarbon-rich stream is returned to be subjected to steam reforming. Preferable, the hydrogen-rich stream is supplied to a combustion channel for providing heat for the endothermic steam-reforming reaction. The overall process converts natural gas to longer-chain hydrocarbons and can provide a carbon conversion of more than 80%.

Abstract: A composition and method for a Catalytic Partial Oxidation (CPO) of methane to synthesis gas. The catalyst allows the process to proceed at low residence time providing a long time thermal stability. The perovskite structure [AzA?1-z][B1-x-yNix Rhy] O3-? of the catalyst is obtained using mainly La, Sr, as A and A? cation sites (A, A?: actinide and/or lanthanide, elements and/or elements from Group I and II) and mainly Fe, Ni, as B cation sites (B: transition metal element and/or element from Group III to V).

Abstract: A process for producing oxygenated products from a Fischer-Tropsch derived olefinic feedstock, includes reacting the feedstock, in a hydroformylation reaction stage, with carbon monoxide and hydrogen at an elevated reaction temperature and at a superatmospheric reaction pressure in the presence of a hydroformylation catalyst system. The catalyst system comprises a mixture, combination or complex of a transition metal, T, where T is selected from the transition metals of Group VIII of the Periodic Table of Elements; carbon monoxide, CO; hydrogen, H2; as a primary ligand, a monodentate phosphorus ligand; and as a secondary ligand, a bidentate phosphorus ligand which confers resistance on the catalyst system to poisoning arising from the presence of undesired components in the Fischer-Tropsch derived feedstock.

Abstract: This invention is generally related to the field of Fischer-Tropsch catalysts. In particular, the present invention is related to a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst and method of making same. More particularly, the present invention discloses a catalyst comprising a support and at least one catalytically active metal wherein the support comprises a transition alumina including theta-alumina, delta-alumina, or combinations thereof, and a surface coverage comprising at least one rare-earth oxide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to improved catalyst compositions, as well as methods of making and using such compositions. In particular, preferred embodiments of the present invention comprise rare earth catalyst supports, catalyst compositions having rare earth supports, and methods of preparing and using the catalysts and supports. Accordingly, the present invention also encompasses an improved method for converting a hydrocarbon containing gas and an oxygen containing gas to a gas mixture comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide, i.e., syngas, using the rare earth catalyst supports in accordance with the present invention. In addition, the present invention contemplates an improved method for converting hydrocarbon gas to liquid hydrocarbons using the novel syngas catalyst supports and compositions described herein.