Abstract: This invention relates to the provision of mechanical anchorage in composite steel and concrete structural members such as slabs and beams, and more particularly to anchors adaptable as end anchors, to decking panels fitted with end anchors, and to composite structural members incorporating concrete slabs on such decking panels. According to a first aspect, the invention provides an anchor for composite steel and concrete structural members including an element of substantially rigid sheet material defining a base portion and at least two flange portions upstanding from the base portion, which element is a length to fit across a pan of a ribbed metal sheet with the flange portion extending across said pan, and means on or co-operable with the base portion engageable with complementary holes in the metal sheet so to extend through said holes, said means being adapted for holding the element in the metal sheet.

Abstract: A method of installing concrete slabs on girders includes arranging a girder to extend along a moving direction of slabs to be installed. A first slab then is positioned at a mounting position at an upstream end, relative to the moving direction, of the girder. The first slab then is moved from the mounting position in the downstream direction by a predetermined distance. Another slab then is positioned at the mounting position after removal therefrom of the first slab. Then another slab is moved in the downstream direction together with the first slab. The operations of positioning slabs and moving the slabs in the downstream direction are repeated until the installation is completed.

Abstract: A space frame structure has parallel spaced lower and upper sub-frames joined by interconnecting members, each sub-frame comprising a multiplicity of members connected in a grid, and a concrete layer secured to the upper sub-frame, wherein the concrete layer embeds the grid members of the upper sub-frame in the layer to form a composite upper sub-structure. Preferably the structure comprises permanent shuttering supported on the grid members of the upper sub-frame within the depth of the upper sub-frame, the concrete layer being laid on the shuttering to a depth sufficient to embed all of the grid members above the shuttering in the layer.

Abstract: A pre-cast concrete panel and joist assembly and a method for forming and constructing this pre-cast concrete panel and joist assembly used as a wall member, comprising the steps of creating a mold to receive wet concrete, positioning reinforcing members, joist attachment plates and weld plates within the mold, pouring wet concrete into the mold, embedding anchor members in the concrete, attaching joists to the concrete panel, and attaching bridging members between the joists and the concrete panel. The joists may be constructed with or without an exterior chord.

Abstract: Structural members for building structures comprise indented, truncated, V-shaped profiles which include flanges extending horizontally from the open tops thereof. Structural beam members comprise open-ended, elongated members, while structural column members are fabricated by joining counterpart surfaces of two of such profiles together at right angles. The structural members are nested together for transportation to building sites, where they are bolted together and floors formed by fastening corrugated panels to the beam flanges. Concrete is thereafter poured into the open profiles, and onto the deck panels to provide a floored framework for a building structure.

Abstract: A plastic sheet is disclosed which is used as a subcarrier for insulating linings of building surfaces. The sheet is formed by parallel, alternating, dovetail-shaped channels and grooves. A coarse-meshed lattice matting, having filaments, is glued or partially fused to the backside of the plastic sheet and serves to anchor the sheet to the underlying foundation. This lattice matting stretches over the entire backside or inner surface of the sheet. The webs of the plastic sheet are expandable and can compensate for stresses occurring between the underlying foundation and the external facing material such as ceramic tile.

Abstract: A diaphragm for use in a building structure includes a fluted deck supported by horizontal support beams and includes a contoured shear resisting member disposed internally from an end of the fluted deck for stiffening the fluted deck against horizontal shear loads imposed upon the diaphragm. The bottom flutes of the fluted deck overlie at least one horizontal support beam with which the shear resisting member is associated. Both the shear resisting member and the associated support beam extend perpendicular to the flutes within the fluted deck. The shear resisting member includes a substantially planar horizontal flange which spans a number of the top flutes of the fluted deck, and a first series of welds secures the upper flange of the shear resisting member to the underlying top flutes. A series of spaced tabs extend downwardly from a side edge of the upper flanged, each spaced tab lying within a trough of the fluted deck.

Abstract: A concrete slab (8) is cast over wooden beams (2) and is connected to the beams by metal connector tubes (14) of circular section, each of which is embedded at one end by being forced into a circular groove provided for the purpose in a beam and at its other end in the slab by virtue of the concrete being cast thereover. The invention is applicable to building or converting buildings and also to works such as gangways and bridges.

Abstract: This invention relates to the construction of a composite beam structure in a composite steel deck floor system. A T-shaped beam is welded through the valleys of the steel deck onto the top flange of the supporting beam. After concrete pouring, the T-beam is buried within the concrete slab to act as the shear transferring device to achieve the composite beam action. The T-beam also serves to strengthen the supporting beam in resisting the load during the concreting operation and to facilitate the placement of the concrete shrinkage control wire mesh.

Abstract: A continuous preset access housing formed in part by a corrugated housing member is disclosed. A corrugated decking sheet supports the longitudinally extending housing member above cells of the decking sheet and a layer of concrete is placed over the deck and housing. Openings through the concrete and housing member provide access to the underlying deck cells. Covers are provided over the openings to create fully enclosed underfloor housings to receive electrical receptacles and the like. The overall arrangement is such that the resulting system has increased flexibility, capacity and strength. Additionally, the system is more cost effective than systems which provide many individual housings.

Abstract: A support anchor is provided for anchoring a castable or plastic refractory material to a processing vessel wall. The support anchor of the present invention includes a flat center member portion and portions integrally formed with and extending transversely with respect to each end of the center member. Attachment members are formed at an inner edge of the support body so that the support body is mounted at a spaced position from the vessel wall. Plural openings are formed in the support body to allow flow of refractory material during installation to aid in at least partial bonding of the installed refractory and the support anchor. Anchoring members are mounted adjacent the openings in the support body to provide anchoring support submerged within the installed refractory material.

Abstract: A construction of girder and joist supports for framed concrete slabs wherein continuous metal decking and standard joists are used and wherein rigid connections are established between the concrete and the girders by means of shear connectors which are embedded in the concrete and connected to extensions fixed to the tops of the girders.

Abstract: A steel joist is disclosed consisting of a web, a bottom chord and a double top chord construction consisting of two elongated substantially identical portions each being of S cross-section and being connected to or integral with the web.

Abstract: The present invention provides apparatus for composite slab construction, comprising an open web of zig-zag structure upper and lower knuckles and at least one chord united to the web to form a joist. The chord will include an upper chord comprising a sealing first bar which extends longitudinally in said joist and which has first bar which extends longitudinally in said joist and which has first and second legs. The first leg is a longitudinal, upright leg with a first face which is upright and confronts one side of the web. The second leg comprises plural longitudinally-spaced leg segments extending longitudinally throughout the length of, open spaces. The second bar extends longitudinally in said joist and includes an upright third leg having a second face which is upright and confronts the other side of the web. This second face is laterally spaced from the first leg and is in closely spaced or abutting relationship with the leg segments of the first bar.

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward an anchor used to retain thin refractory linings in process vessels such as cyclones and the like. In its simplest sense, the anchor of the present invention has a curved central web and curved legs which together have a shape that approximates that of the letter C. The anchor also has straight arms extending outwardly from the central web which together have a shape approximating the letter W. The arms and legs improve the ability of the anchor to control the crack pattern that forms in the refractory after thermal cycling, thereby reducing catalyst ingress or coke formation in the cracks.

Abstract: A composite floor system includes a plurality of joists, each having a top and bottom chord and a web in the space between the chords. The top chord is formed with a pair of horizontally extending legs and at least one vertical leg. The top of the web is attached to the bottom surface of the top chord. Metal decking is supported by the horizontal legs of the top chord of adjacent joists and a concrete slab is poured on the decking and encloses the vertical leg of the top chord.

Abstract: A composite, pre-stressed structural member comprised of concrete and a lower metal support member, and method for forming and pre-stressing the same. The metal support member and a concrete mold are connected for parallel deflection with the support member uppermost and shear-connectors extending into the mold. The connected mold and support member are supported for deflection and concrete is poured into the mold and allowed to harden. During hardening of the concrete the mold and support member are deflected by the weight of the concrete, mold and support member, pre-stressing the support member. Upon hardening of the concrete and inverting to a concrete-uppermost position, a composite, pre-stressed structural member is provided.

Abstract: A beam support joint for a column and a beam, which are each constructed from concrete and at least one metal section having a pair of flanges joined by a web and forming at least one recess of the metal section which is filled with concrete and the outer surfaces of the flanges of the metal section are not covered with concrete and are otherwise free. An upper support strap is mounted on an upper flange of the beam, and is attached to the column and the beam. The upper support strap and the webs of both the beam and the column all lie substantially in the same plane. On a flange of the column a lower support plate is advantageously welded which has a width corresponding approximately to the flange of the column. This lower support plate has at least one recess on its upper side which suitably engages at leat one projection provided on a lower flange of the beam.

Abstract: Metal refractory anchors impregnated with special corrosion resistant material are provided to minimize erosion and corrosion as well as to increase the useful life of refractory linings in reactors, transfer lines, regenerators, and other vessels. In one embodiment, the refractory anchor has an S-shaped crossbar with reverse bent opposite ends. In another embodiment, the refractory anchor has a C-shaped crossbar with symmetrical arcuate ends.

Abstract: A corrugated metal decking having alternating crests and troughs and interconnecting therebetween a decking web that is characterized by improved stiffening means, in particular in the form of embossments or indentations. There are provided a plurality of linear indentations, each extending across the decking web between the crest and trough walls. These indentations include inner and outer formed indentations, formed symmetrically about the web center plane with the length of each indentation being in the range of 70%-90% of the web cross-dimension and with the indentations being closely spaced. This arrangement provides for superior web stiffening and also provides improved composite action for interlocking between the metal decking and the concrete.

Abstract: The present disclosure is for improvements to metallic refractory anchors heretofore in use which are of a general S type configuration and which are welded to metallic walls of vessels to secure in place refractory insulation of a high abrasion resistance. The improvements consist of reforming the weld end of the S anchor in a manner to reduce the length to width ratio of the weld end to approximately no greater than 6 to 1 to permit stud welding of the anchor by the stud end welding technique. Additional metallic members are resistance welded to the weld end of the anchor to decrease the length to width ratio to within the range capable of stud welding. The additional metallic members may be formed of separate members or by extended legs of the metal anchor folded back onto a weld projection and resistance welded in place.

Abstract: A steel and concrete secondary truss type framing member, steel deck concrete floor construction in which the top chord of the truss is formed in the shape of a modified "I" section having an upper flange, web and lower flange with a generally flat upper bearing surface of greater dimension than the upper flange for supporting steel decking. The upper flange and web of the top chord are totally embedded in the concrete to cause the concrete floor and steel truss to function together structurally as a composite system. The top chord of the truss acts as a continuous shear connector thus enabling the top chord to perform a multi-purpose function. Additionally, the top chord web may be either a solid section or contain perforations.

Abstract: A wear-resistant refractory lining anchor comprising a plurality of metal hollow elongated members each having a plurality of through holes, a plurality of projections, a plurality of recesses or a plurality of cut and raised portions, each of the plurality of metal hollow elongated members having one end welded to a casing. The plurality of metal hollow elongated members are disposed at predetermined intervals to support a refractory material filled inside and outside the plurality of metal hollow elongated members. This anchor has low material cost, can be easily mounted on a casing, and can stably support a refractory material filled inside and outside the metal hollow elongated members.

Abstract: An improved composite, pre-stressed structural member and method of forming such a member of the type provided by upside down forming which includes connecting the steel beams of the composite member to the upper side of a mold so that a parallel deflection of the mold and beams occurs as the mold is filled with concrete. The improvement comprises utilizing a steel beam having a flange at or near the neutral axis with respect to a vertical deflection of the support member. After the composite structure is formed, the flange is away from the neutral axis with respect to a vertical deflection of the composite structure. This flange, therefore, significantly increases the section modulus of the composite structure while not adding significantly to the resistance to bending of the beam during pre-stressing. Stacked and welded I-beams are an example of a support in accordance wth this invention.

Abstract: A composite structural element comprises a steel structural shape whose web is provided with one or more steel plates secured thereto by welding or bolting and embedded in the concrete filling the channels between its flanges. The concrete may also include a reinforcement secured to the plate. With a relatively simple structure the system has increased load-carrying capacity even under fire conditions.

Abstract: A construction of girder and joist supports for framed concrete slabs wherein continuous metal decking and standard joists are used and wherein rigid connections are established between the concrete and the girders by means of shear connectors which are embedded in the concrete and connected to extensions fixed to the tops of the girders.

Abstract: A unit for bonding two structural reinforced concrete components comprises a mounting strip having a pair of oppositely directed main faces and a plurality of connector rods held firmly on the mounting strip. Portions of the connector rods project at intervals along one side of the mounting strip and the connector rods have arms bent to a knee shape, the arms being positioned within the mounting strip. One of the main faces of the strip on the side away from the projecting portions of the connector rods defines at least two grooves parallel with one another and extending in the longitudinal direction of the mounting strip. The grooves have a width substantially equal to the diameter of the connector rods and a depth at least equal to the diameter. The mounting strip further includes holes at intervals along its length, the holes extending from the bottoms of respective ones of the grooves towards the opposite main face of the mounting strip.

Abstract: A composite floor system includes a plurality of joists, each having a top and bottom chord and a web in the space between the chords. The top chord is formed with a pair of horizontally extending legs and at least one vertical leg. The top of the web is attached to the bottom surface of the top chord. Metal decking is supported by the horizontal legs of the top chord of adjacent joists and a concrete slab is poured on the decking and encloses the vertical leg of the top chord.

Abstract: A prefabricated ceiling element for ceilings in buildings comprises a concrete ceiling panel (1, 1', 1") and a steel girder (2, 2', 2") having a T-section, the web of which has tips (2c, 2c') which are anchored in the concrete ceiling panel (1, 1', 1"). Free cutouts (2d) are located between the tips. The steel girder (2, 2', 2") extends only over the midportion of the ceiling panel (1, 1', 1"), so that at the ends of the panel support areas and installation lanes (4) remain freely accessible.

Abstract: An improved high strength cellular metal floor raceway system for distribution of service lines and the like is disclosed. Deck members are provided on upper and lower levels and present at least one uninterrupted deck conduit extending substantially horizontally on both deck levels. The deck conduit extends transversely with respect to one or more longitudinally extending beams which support the deck members. A feeder member having at least one uninterrupted feeder conduit therein extending substantially parallel with respect to the supporting beams is at least partially recessed within the upper deck level above the lower deck level. An upper surface of the feeder member is preferably provided on substantially the same vertical level as an upper surface of the upper deck level. A layer of concrete is provided over substantially the entire surface area of the conduit system.

Abstract: Specially configured refractory anchors are provided to minimize erosion and increase the useful life of refractory linings in reactors and other vessels. The refractory anchors have a frustroconical base and an overhead crossbar with an intermediate portion and opposite ends. At least one of the opposite ends has an arcuate portion to provide a curved baffle to arcuately deflect and block gases flowing along the refractory lining adjacent to the refractory anchors. Desirably, the crossbar provides an erosion resistant barrier to help protect the structural integrity of the refractory linings. The base extends downwardly from the crossbar and reinforces the refractory lining. The flared sides of the base diverge towards the opposite ends of the crossbar at obtuse angles of inclination to provide pockets for receiving and holding the refractory lining. In one embodient, the refractory anchor has an S-shaped crossbar with reverse bent opposite ends.

Abstract: A corrugated metal decking having alternating crests and troughs and a decking web disposed angularly out of the vertical, a plurality of linear indentations each extending across the decking web in a direction between the crest and trough walls, said indentations being disposed in a parallel array, the length of each indentation being less than the full width of the decking web but extending over a substantial major fraction of the web width, said indentations being provided in contiguous alternating inner and outer formed indentations substantially symmetrical about the web plane, the length of each indentation being in the range of 70% to 95% of the web width, said web being joined to the crest and trough walls by a radius bend, the indentation length being on the order of but less than the dimension a-2R, where a is the web width and R is the radius of the bend and said indentations do not extend into crest walls, trough walls or radius bends.

Abstract: A composite structural element has a main steel beam having a web and at least two flanges extending therefrom, having oppositely directed outer faces, having outer edges generally defining a plane and defining with the web a recess open away from the web between the outer edges. A mass of concrete fills the recess substantially to the plane, the outer flange faces being exposed and substantially free of concrete. Another profiled steel beam is fixed to the web of the main beam and wholly imbedded in and covered by the concrete mass. Typically the main beam is an H- or I-beam and has two such channels provided with such other beams and filled with respective such masses. The other beams can be of T-section or each other beam can be an I- or H-beam. In addition it is possible to provide longitudinally extending steel reinforcing bars imbedded in the concrete mass. Steel fibers can also be imbedded as reinforcement in the concrete mass, and this mass can be at least partially of colloid concrete.

Abstract: A novel composite floor system is described, together with a specific metallic reinforcing and support section for use in the floor system. The system comprises a concrete slab and a metallic reinforcing and support section mechanically embedded in the slab. The support section comprises an elongated unitary strip having a substantially flat central web portion containing a plurality of spaced holes, a pair of substantially flat leg portions extending away from the sides of said web and an edge flange extending outwardly from the outer end of each leg portion, with at least the leg portions and the edge flanges being embedded in the concrete with the web adjacent the face of the slab. Support bolts are mounted within the web portion holes and extend outwardly from the slab. These bolts can be used to support a formwork for the pouring of the concrete slab.

Abstract: A scale assembly includes a plurality of force measuring transducers which are connected with an improved platform. The platform has an upper portion which withstands compressive stresses and a lower portion which withstands tensile stresses during the weighing of a load. The upper portion of the platform includes a body of concrete having a corrugated lower major side and a flat upper major side which receives a load to be weighed. The lower portion of the platform includes a metal structure having a plurality of elongated ribs which are disposed in abutting engagement with the corrugated lower major side of the body of concrete. The ribs are connected with a bottom plate which cooperates with the ribs to form elongated cavities. At least a major portion of each of the cavities is disposed within the spatial envelope of the body of concrete to minimize the mass of the concrete.

Abstract: A composite floor structure is disclosed in which a plurality of corrugated sheets having crest portions which slope downwardly at each end thereof are supported on the top surface of a plurality of spaced I-section supporting beams. Studs are welded directly to the top surface of the I-beams directly over the beam's webbing to securely connect the beams to an overlying concrete slab, thereby creating a composite action between the beam and slab and increasing the load carrying ability of the I-beams. By providing a sufficient volume of concrete around the studs, each stud is completely effective. Embossments may be provided in the sheets to also create a composite action between the sheets and the slab causing the entire structure to act as a single composite unit to resist vertical gravity loads (bending) and in plane horizontal wind or seismic loads (shear).

Abstract: Method of manufacturing this panel by pouring concrete in a mold where a reinforcement has been introduced. According to the method there are first of all provided rectangular molds in which at least two of the opposite sides are flared. Concrete is thereafter poured into one of the molds while introducing the reinforcement and this operation is continued until the mold is completely filled. On the other hand, there are provided steel trusses having seating pads at both ends thereof, each truss being formed of a base and a head connected together by a system of metallic rods mounted in zigzag. Then, the two trusses are spacedly mounted parallel to one another as well as with the two flared sides of the mold, above the surface of the concrete which has been freshly poured in the mold and the head of the truss is caused to penetrate therein by means of a U-shaped winch mechanism until the seating pads of the trusses come flush with the surface of the concrete.

Abstract: A composite, pre-stressed structural member comprised of concrete and a lower metal support member, and method for forming and pre-stressing the same. The metal support member and a concrete mold are connected for parallel deflection with the support member uppermost and shear-connectors extending into the mold. The connected mold and support member are supported for deflection and concrete is poured into the mold and allowed to harden. During hardening of the concrete the mold and support member are deflected by the weight of the concrete, mold and support member, pre-stressing the support member. Upon hardening of the concrete and inverting to a concrete-uppermost position, a composite, pre-stressed structural member is provided.

Abstract: A metal refractory anchor adapted for installation by welding to a metal surface together with a number of other like anchors to provide anchorage protection from erosion for a monolithic refractory applied to the surface, said anchor being formed from a metal strip having its width substantially equal to the thickness of the refractory to be applied to said surface and its length several times its width. The anchor has cut away portions at each end whereby there is provided at each end an extending arm, the extending arms together with the intermediate portion of said anchor providing an erosion resistant barrier for the protection of the refractory and the cut away portions adjacent said arms providing room for said refractory to be deposited between said arms and said surface.

Abstract: A composite floor system includes a plurality of joists, each having a top and bottom chord and a web in the space between the chords. The top chord includes a pair of angle bars, each having a vertical leg of differing heights and a horizontal leg. The top of the web extends between the vertical legs of the chord to a point between or level with the top of the larger vertical leg of the angle bars. Decking is supported by the horizontal legs of the top chord of adjacent joists and a concrete slab poured on the decking and between the vertical legs of the top chord to provide bonding between the concrete slab, top chord and web.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for simultaneously welding by the stud end welding technique a stud having two or more ends. The stud includes at least one elongated relatively thin metallic projection from each end of the stud to be welded. The method and apparatus maintains a current density in a given projection sufficient to disintegrate the projection with consequent arc initiation. The resultant arcs melt all stud ends and plate. The molten ends are lowered into the pools at a controlled rate at which time the current is extinguished and the material solidifies.

Abstract: A steel primary framing member, or truss, and concrete floor structure in which the top chord of the truss, regardless of cross-sectional configuration, is totally or at least partially embedded in the concrete to cause the concrete floor and steel truss to function together structurally as a composite system. The upper chord of the truss acts as a continuous or substantially continuous shear connector thus enabling the top chord to perform a multi-purpose function. Additionally, the top chord may be of any configuration and may be either a solid piece or contain perforations.

Abstract: A compound girder of an on-site assembly type is assembled to include components which rigidly interconnect two or more prefabricated ceiling panels (3a, 3b) in a bending stiff manner. The compound girder includes for each ceiling panel (3a, 3b) at least one web section (1a, 1b) and an upper chord section (2a, 2b). The girder further includes a continuous length lower chord (4). The lower chord (4) takes up the tension and shearing loads. The individual web sections (1a, 1b) are secured to the lower chord (4) by screw connections which prevent a sliding displacement between the connected elements relative to each other.

Abstract: A low cost, structurally superior bridge and fabrication method are described which take maximum advantage of the compressive strength of concrete, and the tensile strength of steel, to give a bridge structure having the lowest allowable depth-to-span ratio and good dead load/live load ratios, as well as minimum deflection under impacting, moving concentrated loads. The bridge is most preferably shop cast in sections which include lowermost, substantially planar structural metallic plates (e.g., 5/16" thick self-rusting steel) of length and width dimensions substantially equal to that of the sections; a separate layer of concrete is then composited to each plate, preferably by means of upstanding studs secured to the plate and embedded within the concrete. Monolithic bridge sections are thus formed which can be transported to the bridge site, erected and connected, typically by welding the respective section plates together at regular intervals.

Abstract: A precast concrete joist composite system having first and second spaced apart precast concrete joist members supported at their respective ends by a support, each of said joist members having a concrete portion, said joist members having at end portions respective projecting structures that have first parts anchored in said concrete portions of their respective joist members and second parts extending from said concrete portion end faces, said end faces having respective portions thereof that slope downward and away from said concrete portions, at least a first pan disposed at said end face, a first part of said pan element being disposed over the top surfaces of said concrete portions and a second part thereof disposed over said sloping portions of said end faces, and a decking element disposed over the respective said top surfaces of said first and second joist members and spanning the space between said joist members.

Abstract: An improved concrete slab and steel construction wherein a pan is extended between adjacent joists, said pan having a bend line axially along its length, a portion of said pan resting a joist, a second portion being transversely notched such that said pan straddles adjacent joists at said notches, said pan serving to support poured in place concrete such that said concrete haunches down to supporting beams, thereby forming a composite concrete slab and steel structure.

Abstract: A stilt construction for a dwelling house is comprised of a core structure having a reinforced turned-down edge core slab and a plurality of wooden core pilings set into the earth to extend upward through the slab; moment-reacting connectors anchor the core slab perpendicularly to the pilings. A beam structure, horizontally supported by the tops of the core pilings, extends outward of the core to the tops of pilings remote from the core structure. Earth-supported slabs, which lay beneath the beam structure outboard of the core, are not anchored to the remote piles and are free to settle. An upper floor is supported upon the beam structure, while walls for the lower floor are suspended from the beam structure. Sill members along their lower edges adjacent to the earth-supported slab do not rely on it for bearing.

Abstract: Three-dimensional structures made of open or closed profiled metal beams and plates are disclosed. Said structures comprise a plurality of parallel frame beams connecting the side flange junctions with respective joists and connecting the top flanges of the frame beams with plates. The structure is divided into frame beams modules easily fabricated in factories and easily transported and then joists are fit at the construction site, thereby resulting in a high degree of prefabrication and shortened installation time.

Abstract: A construction element comprises a wide-flange steel beam having a web-flange thickness ratio of at least 0.8. Anchors or holding members in the form of studs or wire fabric are secured only to the web of the beam, and a reinforcing bar or plate extending along the beam is in turn welded to the achoring members. The area between the flanges of the beam is then filled with a concrete body in which the holding members and reinforcing elements are embedded for fire resistance.

Abstract: An improved composite concrete and steel construction system for floor framing members using composite action open web steel joist and concrete slab construction, composite beams; unpunched corrugated decking and composite joists at columns only. All beams are composite and all joist ends are composite at the beams. Joists between the columns are standard open web joists. This composite system results in the columns having floor supporting members in both major directions that are composite with the poured in place concrete slab, thus providing superior bracing of the columns and direct duplication of the horizontal forces in the slab to the column through the supporting members. This design utilizes less composite joists, allows greater leeway in the spacing of the composite joist webbing and is economical. The floor slab will still act as a diaphram in both major directions due to the composite beams and the composite joists at the columns acting at right angles to one another.