Abstract: An interlocking panel system for covering a base surface with interlocking panels to prevent water ingress is provided. A first panel includes a sheet-like section, a receptacle connected to the sheet-like section, a first projection and a second projection. An interlock includes an interlock hook portion and an interlock receiving portion with the interlock configured to be inserted into the receptacle of the first panel and at least one of the interlock hook portion or the receptacle preventing the interlock from being withdrawn from the first panel. A second panel includes a sheet-like portion and a second panel hook portion configured to be inserted into the interlock receiving portion and engage with the second projection of the first panel. At least one of the second panel hook portion or the second projection preventing the second panel from being withdrawn from the first panel and/or interlock.

Abstract: The invention relates to structural panel systems which utilize different configurations to increase the flexibility of the panel systems. The increased flexibility of the panel systems may be achieved through the use of improved connection patterns and/or improved sidelap strength. The improved sidelap strength may be achieved through the use of a reinforcing member between edges of the panels or other sidelap configurations that improve the strength of the system along the sidelaps. The increased flexibility may also be achieved through the use of orienting flutes of the panels in the same direction as the supports members of the panel systems. The different aspects of the invention that improve the flexibility of the systems may be utilized alone or in combination with each other to improve the wall panel systems or roof panel systems, or combinations thereof, to improve the displacement capacity of the panel systems for in-plane shear loading.

Abstract: A standing seam roof assembly is formed by overlapping adjacent panels, the female sidelap portion of one panel forming a male insertion cavity to receive a male sidelap portion of a second panel to form a standing seam, a clip configured to connect the standing seam to an underlying support structural. A strengthening beam is incorporated in the standing seam at a selected point along the standing seam to increase load bearing capacity. In one preferred embodiment, the strengthening beam is incorporated into the connecting clip.

Abstract: A load support structure supports a load on a metal panel roof, such that substantially all of the load is conveyed through rails, which are mounted on roof panel ribs. Lateral closure members extend about, and define, the load support structure. Cavities are provided in the lateral closure members. Thermal breaks extend upwardly from the roof opening, through the tops of the closure members. Such thermal breaks are provided by a combination of thermal product in the closure member cavities and by strategic placement of edge portions of underlying roof insulation.

Abstract: The invention provides a system for installing a roof penetrating structure to a metal roof, the system comprising: a) a rail and closure structure adapted to be supported by adjacent rib elevations of said roof; b) a skylight adapted to be supported on the rail and closure structure; and c) a support member for sealing a cut away portion of the rib structure to divert water away from the rail and closure structure.

Abstract: A rail mounting system for mounting skylights and the like directly to rib elevations of a raised rib panel roofing system has a side rail for each side of a skylight or run of skylights that mount to the metal panel roof's rib elevations. Each side rail includes a vertical riser wall, an upper flange structure extending from the riser wall to provide a top bearing surface for one side of a skylight or run of skylights, and bottom shoulder structure extending from the raiser portion, which is adapted for attachment to a rib elevation of a raised rib panel roofing system. The rib elevations on which the side rails of the rail mounting system are attached provide structural support for the skylight or run of skylights supported on the side rails for substantially the entire length of the skylights or run of skylights.

Abstract: A multi-layered shingle includes an underlay sheet having a longitudinally extending axis and a leading edge. The underlay sheet further defines a first layer and a second layer. The second layer is connected to the first layer along a first longitudinally extending fold line and folded against the first layer. An overlay sheet is bonded to the underlay sheet, and the first and second layers of the underlay sheet define multiple layers of a multi-layered shingle.

Abstract: A roofing system and kit including a texture layer for application to an upper surface of the deck of the roof with an upper face of the texture layer being contoured to resemble a different roofing material, a transition texture strip for positioning across gaps between texture layer occurring at transitions in the upper surface of the roof deck and having a contoured upper surface, and an edge strip for application along the perimeter edges of the roof to create an outer perimeter for the roofing system. A finish layer is applied to the texture layer, transition texture strip and edge strip positioned on the roof deck in a liquid sprayable form as a coating onto the texture layer, transition texture strip and edge strip to solidify into a solid layer such that the finish layer forms a continuous membrane over the texture layer, transition texture strip and edge strip.

Abstract: An improved roof panel system used on a building that exhibits, upon seaming, a substantially even distribution on both sides of such a seam is provided. Such a system thus permits not only increased resistance to wind uplift forces but also a more reliable roof in terms of load-bearing and load-carrying than typical single seamed roof panel systems. Particularly, the novel roof panel includes a female flange end portion with an extended “T” shape within its periphery and a male flange end portion with its own complementary “T” configuration to fit within the female flange. Such an extended “T” shape within the female flange end portion includes an extra extension that permits, upon engagement with the male flange end portion, two seams on either side of the engagement line of the two end portions of the roof panels. In such a manner, the two seams can also be compressed to become parallel with engagement line, or substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the roof line itself.

Abstract: A joining tool is disclosed comprising a support; a stationary arm extending from the support at one end, the stationary arm comprising at the opposite end a first jaw; a movable arm pivotally mounted on the stationary arm; the movable arm driveable from the stationary arm in a pivotable motion by an actuator coupled to the moveable arm; and a second jaw coupled to the moveable arm, the moveable arm movable between an activated position in which the second jaw engages the first jaw and an initial position in which the second jaw is spaced from the first jaw.

Abstract: An improved roof panel system used on a building that exhibits, upon seaming, a substantially even distribution on both sides of such a seam is provided. Such a system thus permits not only increased resistance to wind uplift forces but also a more reliable roof in terms of load-bearing and load-carrying than typical single seamed roof panel systems. Particularly, the novel roof panel includes a female flange end portion with an extended “T” shape within its periphery and a male flange end portion with its own complementary “T” configuration to fit within the female flange. Such an extended “T” shape within the female flange end portion includes an extra extension that permits, upon engagement with the male flange end portion, two seams on either side of the engagement line of the two end portions of the roof panels. In such a manner, the two seams can also be compressed to become parallel with engagement line, or substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the roof line itself.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an above deck ventilation system for a roof, and related methods of installation, having a ventilation medium sandwiched between a roof deck and a roof covering providing air channels between the roof deck and the roof covering. In one embodiment, a roofing system is provided, and may comprise a roof deck and a roof covering. In addition, the roofing system may comprise a ventilating medium disposed between the roof deck and the roof covering, where the ventilating medium may have a plurality of open air chambers disposed between a top sheet and the bottom sheet and traversing the length of the ventilation medium.

Abstract: A standing seam roof assembly is formed by overlapping adjacent panels, the female sidelap portion of one panel forming a male insertion cavity to receive a male sidelap portion of a second panel. Restraining mechanisms prevent relative in-plane movement between the first and second sidelaps, including connecting selected male and female leg members to prevent in-plane movement there between. In a preferred embodiment, the female sidelap has a hook portion forming a female retaining groove and the male sidelap has a male tab member, and in the assembled mode, the male tab member is disposed in the female retaining groove, and the female and male sidelaps are folded so the hook portion of the female sidelap and the male tab member are tightly brought into pressing engagement to form the standing seam between the first and second panels.

Abstract: A hip and ridge shingle having a plurality of sections that may be folded onto one another and secured in folded positions, the shingle being capable of being folded into a plurality of different configurations such as a bullnose configuration and a straight edge configuration.

Abstract: A method of forming a building material with a pre-applied adhesive may include providing a first and second membrane positioned in the same planar orientation and having a gap between them. The first membrane may include an adjacent edge, and the second membrane may include an adjacent edge. The adjacent edges may face each other. A first adhesive tape may be applied to a top planar surface of the first membrane and a second adhesive tape may be applied to the top planar surface of the second membrane. The first and second adhesive tapes extend into the gap.

Abstract: A standing seam formed by overlapping male and female sidelaps, the male sidelap forming a male locking tab and the a female sidelap forming a female first cavity, a female second cavity and a female third cavity, the sidelaps hook and rolled and interconnected so that a female first portion and a male first portion are substantially parallel, a female second portion and male second portion are substantially parallel, and a female third portion and male locking tab are substantially parallel, the junction of the male first and second portions is disposed in the female first cavity, the junction of the male second and third portions is disposed in the female second cavity, and the male locking tab is disposed in the female third cavity, the female third portion and male locking tab extending toward the female and male first portions.

Abstract: A punching tool for forming an attachment in a side-lapped seam of steel decking includes four cutting jaws each having a cutting edge. Two jaws are positioned against one side of the seam, and two jaws are positioned on the opposite side of the seam. An actuator selectively pivots the cutting edges of opposing jaws generally toward each other to a closed position, driving the cutting edges of a first pair of jaws partially past each other for cutting a first slot through the seam, and driving the cutting edges of a second pair of jaws partially past each other for cutting a second slot through the seam. Also disclosed are a method for forming such an attachment, as well as the attachment structure which results therefrom.

Abstract: The invention provides a one piece shingle for use on roof ridges and hips. Shingles of the invention are preferably formed from synthetic materials and preferably comprise a blend of high and low molecular weight polyethylene resins. The unique blend of materials provides a shingle that is both strong while retaining sufficient flexibility to permit the shingle to bend to accommodate a variety of pitches at a ridge or hip. Unique features of the shape and structure of the shingle also make it particularly suited to hip and ridge applications. Furthermore, methods of manufacturing hip and ridge shingles are also disclosed.

Abstract: A sheathing assembly and method of sheathing for a roofing structure including at least one lower layer comprising at least one, but more practically a plurality of panels. The lower layer may be disposed in at least partially overlying relation to a framing assembly of the roofing structure. The sheathing assembly may further include at least one upper layer comprising at least one or more panels. The sheathing assembly may also include a substantially flat central member or layer disposed in an at least partially clamped orientation between the lower layer and the upper layer.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for continuously producing elongated siding panels is disclosed. The apparatus includes a conveyor, a plurality of mold plates, and a die for extruding a sheet of material onto the mold plates. The mold plates are formed of a rigid material and positioned adjacent one another and supported by the conveyor for forming the elongated siding panels. Each of the mold plates has an upper edge portion and a lower edge portion with an intermediate portion therebetween. The intermediate portion has an aesthetic pattern for imparting the pattern to the sheet of material with the adjacent mold plates having different aesthetic patterns. The lower edge portion has a lower leg extending substantially perpendicular from the intermediate portion defining a horizontal plane and a projection portion between the lower edge portion and the intermediate portion extends beyond the horizontal plane for imparting a jagged pattern to the intermediate portion.

Abstract: This invention relates to an underlayment for use under a plurality of courses of roofing shingles. The underlayment includes a water impermeable membrane layer containing at least one flap extending horizontally across the membrane layer. The flap is movable between a flat position and a raised position. In the raised position, an upper edge of a roofing shingle can be positioned under the flap. The upper edge of the roofing shingle can then be subsequently overlapped by the flap when the flap is moved into the flat position. The flap can then subsequently be overlapped by another course of roofing shingles.

Abstract: A panel edge joint formed on opposing edges of a first panel (12) and second panel (22) for use in refrigeration units. The panel edge joint comprises a male part (10) extending along at least one edge of the first panel (12) and a corresponding female part (20) extending along at least one edge of second panel (22) wherein male part (10) comprises a deformable sleeve (30) forming an outer covering of male part (10). Engagement of male part (10) with female part (20) forms a seal between the first panel (12) and second panel (22).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a roof cladding element, which roof cladding element has been manufactured of profiled plate material and which roof cladding elements are adjacently and in succession mountable such that the edges of a roof cladding element will be placed a distance overlapping with the edges of adjacent roof cladding elements. The present invention also relates to a method for manufacturing roof cladding elements in which method a plate material in strip form is formed into profiled roof cladding element strip with a forming device and in which method a finished formed roof cladding element strip is cut with a cutting device at even intervals into roof cladding elements. Characteristic to a roof cladding element in accordance with the invention is the fact that to at least one corner of a roof cladding element a recess reaching at least partly under the lower surface of the part of the roof cladding element surrounding the corner has been formed.

Abstract: An Interlocking Continuous Roof Assembly and Method for Wind Resistant Roofing is presented, whereby continuous double lock seams are used exclusively to join panels together. This roof manufacturing methodology results in a roof that possesses improved resistance to wind and water during storm conditions and thereby decreases the chances of the roof being damaged or destroyed by severe weather.

Abstract: A roof assembly in which overlapping edges of adjacent panel members are joinable in an assembled mode to provide a seam having resistance to sidelap shear, the roof assembly comprising panels having a female sidelap along one edge and a male sidelap along the opposite edge, the female sidelap having a male insertion cavity and a leg member with a female retaining groove. The male sidelap, engageable in the male insertion cavity of an adjacent panel, has a tang lockingly disposed in the female retaining groove in folded tight adjacency to form a standing seam between panels. The panels are interconnected via backer plate fasteners to increase resistance to side slipping under wind uplift.

Abstract: A punching tool for forming an attachment in a side-lapped seam of steel decking includes four cutting jaws each having a cutting edge. Two jaws are positioned against one side of the seam, and two jaws are positioned on the opposite side of the seam. An actuator selectively pivots the cutting edges of opposing jaws generally toward each other to a closed position, driving the cutting edges of a first pair of jaws partially past each other for cutting a first slot through the seam, and driving the cutting edges of a second pair of jaws partially past each other for cutting a second slot through the seam. Also disclosed are a method for forming such an attachment, as well as the attachment structure which results therefrom.

Abstract: A shelving improvement including a cooperating pair of vertical rib sections downstanding essentially beneath an abutment of adjacent sub-shelf edges, each vertical rib section including double-back sections for strengthening, each vertical rib section also including a fulcrum-wedge curve wedging between offset curves and front and rear lower vertical segments and leveraging sub-shelf edges into close continuing alignment.

Abstract: A centrally-folded and centrally-thickened ridge cover is formed from sheet shingle material by repeatedly back folding the material on itself to provide a thickened central portion for the ridge cover. The thickened central portion is disposed intermediate of a lower and an upper portion of the ridge cover. A plurality of inscribed transverse grooves are impressed into the work piece of sheet shingle material, to insure that the work piece folds at desired locations to form the back folds and thickened central portion of the finished ridge cover. A method of effecting the desired folding of a ridge cover work piece is also disclosed.

Abstract: A shingle ridge cover is formed from a rectangular sheet of shingle roofing material back folded on itself to provide a central thickened portion for the shingle ridge cover. An upper portion of lesser thickness provides a nailing margin for the shingle ridge cover, and cooperates with a centrally-located thickest portion of the shingle ridge cover to provide a safety space to allow for “pop up” of the roofing nails or fasteners. A lower portion of the shingle ridge cover overlies the thickened upper portion of a preceding shingle ridge cover as installed on a roof, and cooperates with the preceding shingle ridge cover so that they together provide three layers of protective shingle sheet material over all portions of a hip, ridge, or rake of a roof on which the shingle ridge covers are installed.

Abstract: The roof tile system of the present invention includes parallel patterns of channels or features which when viewed in a large pattern of identical tiles create the illusion of a surface made using a costly three dimensional roofing material such as Spanish tile. The patterns of channels or features may also function to direct the flow of water in a manner that is consistent with the apparent contour of the surface. The patterns of channels or features may also be arranged to direct the flow of rain water from a first area of a roof to a second area of a roof. An added water directing feature in the tiles of a bottom course of tiles can be used to direct rain water into an enclosed rain gutter.

Abstract: A multi-piece clamp for installation on a standing seam is disclosed. One component of the clamp is a clamp body with a clamp body slot formed therein. This slot is mounted on a standing seam without having to slide the clamp body onto an end of the seam. Another component of the clamp is at least one insert, where each such insert is disposed within the clamp body slot between a clamp body slot wall and the standing seam. One or more seam fasteners are directed through the clamp body and a clamp body slot wall to secure each of the inserts within the clamp body slot by a compression of the same, and further to secure the clamp to the standing seam.

Abstract: A shingle ridge cover is formed from an elongate sheet of shingle roofing material back folded on itself to provide a folded and thickened front lower edge of the shingle ridge cover. The shingle ridge cover provides upwardly disposed stripes of adhesive material providing for interbonding of successive ridge covers on a roof, and a rearwardly disposed strip of non-adherence material providing for the ridge covers to be stacked and shipped to a job site substantially without the stacked ridge covers adhering to one another.

Abstract: A multi-piece clamp for installation on a standing seam is disclosed. One component of the clamp is a clamp body with a clamp body slot formed therein. This slot may be mounted on a standing seam without having to slide the clamp body onto an end of the seam. Another component of the clamp is an insert(s) that may be disposed within the clamp body slot between a clamp body slot wall and the standing seam. One or more seam fasteners may be directed through the clamp body and a clamp body slot wall to secure each of the inserts within the clamp body slot by a compression of the same, and further to secure the clamp to the standing seam.

Abstract: A standing seam roof assembly in which adjacently disposed roof panels are supported by underlying support structure in overlapping edge relationship and connected with standing seams, the roof assembly resistant to sideslipping when subjected to uplift forces and having roof panels with female sidelap portions having male insertion cavities, while adjacently disposed roof panels having male sidelap portion lockingly engaged the female cavities. The sidelap shear capacity of the roof panels is increased in one embodiment by backer plates disposed in pairs on opposing sides of the standing seams and fastened together to sandwich together the female and male sidelap portions so the standing seams have increased resistance to side slipping under wind uplift. In another embodiment, cinch plates are supported on the roof panels between the standing seams and connected to an underlying backer member that extends to and is connected to the underlying support structure.

Abstract: A system for constructing a roof on a roof support structure comprising (a) identifying and mapping the roof by zones of demand requirements throughout the area to be covered by the roof; (b) covering the area with metal panels; (c) choosing a connecting process for connecting side-adjacent and end-adjacent panels, wherein a connecting process is selected for each demand zone to inter-connect the side-adjacent and end-adjacent panels that satisfies the performance requirements of that particular demand zone so that all of the metal panels are inter-connected to each other and to the roof support structure.

Abstract: A method of forming a continuous joint between and along the upwardly projecting side walls of a pair of channel-shaped panels each having a central web with first and second side edges. The first side wall of one panel initially comprises first and second vertical legs and a nail strip connected to the bottom of said first vertical leg. The opposing side wall of the other panel is a vertical leg with an upper, inverted U-shaped channel. The method comprises: a) locating a first panel with said nail strip to overlay a roof support surface, b) driving fasteners through the nail strip into the roof support surface, c) placing the second side wall of a second roof panel into engagement with the first side wall wherein the inverted U-shaped channel is interfitted over the first side wall, and d) deforming the interfitted side walls to form a deformed standing seam.

Abstract: A decking assembly having a first deck section with a male leg and a second deck positioned adjacent to and in overlapping relationship to the first deck section. The second deck section has a female leg overlying the male leg of the first deck section. The male leg and the female leg have a triangular tab formed therethrough such that the triangular tab extends outwardly on one side of the female leg so as to secure the edges of the sections together in secure relationship. A plurality of triangular tabs are formed in spaced relationship to each other.

Abstract: A plastic panel for attachment to an exterior wall of a building includes a body, an attachment hem attached to the body and defining at least one aperture for a fastener, and a side flange extending laterally outwardly of the body. The side flange defines a fastening slot for attaching the panel to a building wall. The fastening slot extends at a predetermined acute angle relative to horizontal, preferably about 10-20° relative to horizontal, and about 15° in a particularly preferred embodiment. The fastening slot is preferably elongated and narrow so that the head of a metal fastener extends over opposed upper and lower edges of the slot.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a roofing shingle, which can surely prevent water such as rainwater from leaking through a roof. A roofing shingle has a rectangular plate (11) provided with first through fourth seam portions (11a-11d). The first and second seam portions (11a, 11b) are positioned in a pair along opposite side edges of said plate and folded in opposite directions with respect to a plane of said plate. The third and fourth seam portions (11c, 11d) are positioned in a pair along opposite end edges of said plate and folded in opposite directions with respect to the plane of said plate. The roofing shingle comprises a waterproofing sheet member (20) having a sheet (21) with its configuration greater than that of said plate and adhesive layers (22a, 22b) provided on both sides of the sheet.

Abstract: A zone based roofing system for roofing a building, the roof of the building identified by demand zones of the roof, the type of seaming process used for each demand zone varied to connect the standing seams of the panels to meet the minimum requirements of the demand zones. The panels are secured to the roof support structure and adjacently disposed panels are interlocked such as by seaming according to demand zone requirements to achieve demand quality for each zone and thereby minimizing the cost of the roof.

Abstract: A passive fire protection system for the protection of vertical walls against flames and heat in a severe total environment type fire, the system including a multi-layered, flexible material containing at least one layer of intumescent material. This multi-layered material is configured such that it provides a containment system for the carbonaceous foam resulting from the expansion of the intumescent. The system further includes an installation process whereby the attachment of this multi-layered material to vertical surfaces is protected from the extreme heat of a fire.

Abstract: There is provided a hip, ridge, or rake shingle, which includes a shingle panel and at least one rigid back member. The shingle panel has a substantially planar lower surface. The at least one rigid back member has a length substantially the same as or greater than the length of the shingle panel. The rigid back member is attached to the substantially planar lower surface of the shingle panel. The rigid back member includes a step in thickness in a cross-sectional plane perpendicular to the substantially planar lower surface and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rigid back member. In addition, the thickness of the rigid back member at the high level of the step is greater than the thickness of the rigid back member at one of its ends. There is also provided an asphaltic adhesive including from about 62% to about 99% by weight of an asphalt cement; from about 0.5% to about 15% by weight of a first thermoplastic having a glass-transition temperature in the range from about 190° F.

Abstract: An integral, one-piece, multi-layered shingle and method of fabrication from a planar sheet of shingle material, e.g., asphalt. The planar sheet comprises a base portion having first and second, parallel, lateral edges, with plural elongated tabs extending from the first lateral edge. The plural elongated tabs are uniquely different but each features a side edge midportion perpendicular to the first lateral edge. Extending from the second lateral edge are a like plurality of short tabs, where the short tabs are laterally offset from the elongated tabs. In a roof placement mode, the elongated tabs are first folded onto the base portion at a midpoint thereof, then reversely bent back upon themselves to form a three layer section. To complete the fabrication, the base portion is folded toward the folded elongated tabs such that the short tabs are positioned adjacent at least one elongated tab to form a second section of two layers.

Abstract: Systems and methods of connecting plates form structures such as roof coverings, awnings, wall coverings, floor coverings, ceiling coverings, decorative sculptures and the like. Each plate is configured to connect to at least one adjacent plate to form a structure of interconnected plates. Fastening surfaces are provided for securing the structure of interconnected plates to a further structure, such as a roof, a wall or framework of, for example, a window or door awning. Each plate has edges that are folded over toward opposing sides of the plate. The folded-over edges form channels on opposite facing sides of the plate which receive folded-over edges of other plates to. connect the plates together in a structure of interconnected plates. The plates may be rectangular, square, trapezoidal or triangle shaped.

Abstract: The present invention is an improved building panel having increased strength and rigidity, thereby reducing present design constraints imposed upon buildings constructed of interconnected panels. The building panel includes a novel curved central portion connected to two diverging inclined side wall portions in lieu of a straight central portion. Replacing the straight curved portion with a curved portion provides the building panel with increased strength and rigidity, thereby allowing the building panel to withstand increased positive and negative bending moments. Thus, a building constructed of panels having such curved central portions will reduce the present design constraints and increase the size and shape of buildings constructed of such panels.

Abstract: A plastic panel for attachment to an exterior wall of a building includes a body, an attachment hem attached to the body and defining at least one aperture for a fastener, and a side flange extending laterally outwardly of the body. The side flange defines a fastening slot for attaching the panel to a building wall. The fastening slot extends at a predetermined acute angle relative to horizontal, preferably about 10-20° relative to horizontal, and about 15° in a particularly preferred embodiment. The fastening slot is preferably elongated and narrow so that the head of a metal fastener extends over opposed upper and lower edges of the slot.

Abstract: A gate for fence enclosures includes a pair of spaced vertical frame members with a pair of horizontal frame members extending between and into a top and bottom end of the vertical frame members. Mesh screen is tensioned between the vertical and horizontal frame members. A pair of support members is used for each of vertical frame member with mounting plates connecting the top and bottom of each pair of support members. Hinges connect the gate to the support members and facilitate closing and opening. A latching device enables the gate to be secured to the support members.

Abstract: A molded plastic panel for covering an exterior building wall includes a laterally directed lead fin, a laterally extending groove below the lead fin, and a rearwardly directed middle wall between rows of simulated shingles, all for joining laterally adjacent panels. A side flange extending outwardly of the panel may also be included. The molded plastic panel preferably also includes at least one row of simulated shingles separated by a plurality of gaps each having a randomly varying width in order to camouflage spacings between adjacent panels that change because of thermal contraction and expansion. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the panel body includes a locking tab and a folding flange. The folding flange includes a locking lip for engaging a locking tab on an adjacent panel and a flexible hinge connecting the locking lip to the panel body. The flexible hinge allows the folding flange to be disconnected from the locking tab when replacing a single panel.

Abstract: There is provided a hip, ridge, or rake shingle, which includes a shingle panel and at least one rigid back member. The shingle panel has a substantially planar lower surface. The at least one rigid back member has a length substantially the same as or greater than the length of the shingle panel. The rigid back member is attached to the substantially planar lower surface of the shingle panel. the rigid back member includes a step in thickness in a cross-sectional plane perpendicular to the substantially planar lower surface and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rigid back member. In addition, the thickness of the rigid back member at the high level of the step is greater than the thickness of the rigid back member at one of its ends. There is also provided an asphaltic adhesive including from about 62% to about 99% by weight of an asphalt cement; from about 0.5% to about 15% by weight of a first thermoplastic having a glass-transition temperature in the range from about 190° F.

Abstract: There is provided a hip, ridge, or rake shingle, which includes a shingle panel and at least one rigid back member. The shingle panel has a substantially planar lower surface. The at least one rigid back member has a length substantially the same as or greater than the length of the shingle panel. The rigid back member is attached to the substantially planar lower surface of the shingle panel. The rigid back member includes a step in thickness in a cross-sectional plane perpendicular to the substantially planar lower surface and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rigid back member. In addition, the thickness of the rigid back member at the high level of the step is greater than the thickness of the rigid back member at one of its ends. There is also provided an asphaltic adhesive including from about 62% to about 99% by weight of an asphalt cement; from about 0.5% to about 15% by weight of a first thermoplastic having a glass-transition temperature in the range from about 190° F.