Abstract: A polymeric chair having a rebar cradle and legs of a T-shaped cross-section diverging downwardly from the cradle. The outer surface portions of the legs are arcuate and define segments of a cone. Inwardly extending web portions reinforce the legs and provide feet at the distal ends of the legs disposed to the inside of the outer surface portions. A flat sand plate for the chair has radially extending slots formed therethrough which are proportioned for snug engagement with side surfaces of the feet. The slots are elongate to accommodate different sized chairs having feet spaced at varying radial dimensions. The web portions taper to optimize their reinforcing function and conserve material. In one embodiment, a ring is formed integrally with the legs intermediate the table and the distal ends of the legs. The chair is of a unitary construction and may have an integrally formed strap for extension over the cradle to secure a rebar in place.

Abstract: A chair for supporting bars is comprised of telescoping sections which lock in an extended position. The chair is intended for supporting the reinforcing bars utilized in reinforced concrete construction, but can also support other long bodies. The sections of the chair can be extended and locked individually, so the height of the chair is determined by which sections of the chair are extended and which sections are collapsed.

Abstract: A road element is formed of a one-piece cage that includes two layers of orthogonally arranged rebars which are welded together. The layers are connected by connecting rebars that are welded to the rebars of the layers at the intersections and the one-piece cage is encased in a flexible material formed of crumb rubber, urethane, and fibers from land vehicle tires. Plates can be included with the one-piece cage to further enhance the strength of the element.

Abstract: A re-bar (reinforcing rod) for concrete comprises an inner rod of a first material, and an over-wrap of a second material. The over-wrap may be structurally or functionally discontinuous relative to the inner rod.

Abstract: A welded wire lathing material for mounting stucco plaster and the like onto a building frame. This lathing material comprises intersecting transverse and primary longitudinal strands substantially located in a first plane. It also comprises secondary longitudinal strands also substantially placed in first plane and closely spaced with, some of primary longitudinal strands, thus forming longitudinal slots located at predetermined spaced intervals extending across the lathing material. The slots are wider than the shaft, but narrower than the head, of fasteners predetermined for attaching the lath to building frames. The longitudinal and transverse strands are welded together where they intersect to form a rectangular mesh approximately located in the first plane.

Abstract: Steel studs for use in construction having a web, main web openings through the web, a right angular flange formed on a free edge of the web, and depressions in the web and depression openings in the depressions. An alternate form of stud has a triangular tube structure along one edge of the web. Another form of stud has a discontinuous webs defining spaces between them. The main web openings may be circular or non-circular. The studs may be used in a composite construction panel having a thin panel of concrete material an embedment angled flange portion formed along the opposite edge of the web, an edge strip formed on the angled flange at an angle thereto; and, spaced apart angled flange openings formed in the angled flange for flow of concrete therethrough The studs form a reinforcing grid of sheet metal studs with embedment portions which are actually embedded into the concrete panel. In one embodiment two concrete panels may be secured to the studs in spaced relation to create a hollow structure.

Abstract: A reinforced slab, in particular able to withstand concentrated loads, has a substantially flat reinforcing structure (20) which is situated at a distance from the bottom (12) of the mould (10) and arranged at a height such as to allow embedding of said reinforcing structure (20) within the end product (40), said reinforcing structure consisting of a sheet oriented substantially parallel to the surfaces of said slab and having a plurality of holes or openings. Preferably said sheet is provided with stiffening ribs and the edges of the holes or openings are folded in the form of a “U”. The method for manufacturing the reinforced slab is a method known as “Terastone”, except for the step involving insertion, in the forming mould, of the reinforcing structure which is positioned at the desired height by means of support feet.

Abstract: A metallic stud for use in a framing structure, the stud definable in terms a x, y, z coordinate system. The stud includes the z-axis elongate substantially rectangular integral web within a yz plane and further includes a series of xz plane tabs projecting in an x-axis direction, the tabs alternating in x-axis extent between interdigitating greater and lesser dimensions, in which a z-axis line of dependency exists between a common xz plane of all of the tabs in a first major rectangular base of the yz plane of the web of the stud. The stud further includes a z-axis elongate L-shaped element integrally dependent from a second major rectangular base of the web, the elongate element parallel to the first base.

Abstract: A protective structure for protecting buildings, bridges, roads and other areas from explosive devices such as car bombs and the like comprises: (a) a mesh structure having an outer surface and an inner surface, wherein the inner surface defines an annular space; (b) a concrete fill material which resides within the annular space of the mesh structure and within the mesh structure; (c) at least one reinforcement member which resides within the concrete fill material; and (d) a concrete face material which resides upon the outer surface of the mesh structure. The mesh structure may be made up of, for example, steel wire. A protective system for protecting buildings, bridges, roads and other areas from explosive devices such as car bombs and the like comprises a plurality of the above described protective structures and a plurality of support members, wherein the support members provide interlocking engagement of the protective structures to the support members.

Abstract: Site cast or pre-cast columns aligned and braced by pre-cast pre-stressed floor beams are used to erect a concrete skeleton structure for a building. The ends of the horizontal beams are imbedded in the columns at floor levels to stabilize and complete the skeleton. The horizontal beams are pre-stressed and are cast with passages that permit insertion of continuous reinforcing tendons into a network throughout each floor level. The tendons are subsequently post-tensioned so to tie the beams together and to the columns to reinforce the skeleton. Slab drop-forms starting at the roof and progressing floor-by-floor downward allow monolithic post-tensioned floor slabs to be cast to tie the skeleton into a unitary structure. The beams are usually integrated (buried) into each monolithic floor slab, keyed, doweled and bonded with bonding agent at cold joints to become a part of the slab structure.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composite action system and a method for fabricating the same to meet OSHA safety requirements and allow for welding off the work site. An improved structural system achieves the desired composite behavior by providing one or more structural members, plates coupled with the structural members, transverse reinforcing members passing through apertures in the plates, and additional reinforcing members positioned parallel and transverse to the structural members to provide an interlocking composite action between the structural members, reinforcing members, and concrete.

Abstract: This invention refers to the manufacturing of structural and impervious members by slurry-infiltration in a 3-dimensional mat system, which consists of single layers (2). The single layers are preferably meshes. The structural system is a composite material consisting of a 3-dimensional micro reinforcing and sieving mat system bonded in concrete. The aggregate (1) can be precisely positioned horizontally and vertically in the member by variation of the mesh width of the single layers (2). The sieving effect by the variation of the mesh width in vertical direction guarantees a positioning of aggregate by size. By this effect the load capacity, the stiffness and the crack propagation can be controlled and adjusted precisely.

Abstract: A reinforcement structure includes multiple steel bars, a primary spiral hoop enclosing the multiple steel bars, wherein joints of the primary spiral hoop and the steel bars are securely combined, multiple secondary spiral hoops, wherein multiple steel bars are inserted into each of the secondary spiral hoops from outside of the primary spiral hoop to inside of the secondary spiral hoop so that joints between the primary spiral hoop and the secondary spiral hoop are formed. A steel bar is sandwiched between the primary spiral hoop and the secondary spiral hoops and joints of the steel bar to the primary spiral hoop and the secondary spiral hoops are securely combined via steel wires. The reinforcement is thus formed by the steel bars, the primary spiral hoop and the secondary spiral hoops.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the industrial manufacture of a formwork panel in a continuous manner. In this process, a corrugated reinforcing metal core is manufactured in the form of a continuous metal core band. The metal core band is supplied onto a main conveyor. Simultaneously, a mixture of components that react with each other to make an insulating foam, is prepared and continuously injected at the inlet of the main conveyor. The foam that is being formed and expands along the main conveyor, is compressed so as to form to a continuous main body band having a given height and given thickness. This continuous main body band incorporating the continuous metal core band. Last of all, the continuous main body band and the continuous metal core band incorporated therein are cut at the outlet of the main conveyor to obtain the requested panels.

Abstract: The invention relates to a reinforcing bar for mineral building materials, particularly for cement. The inventive reinforcing bar (10) is made of a bar of plastic material reinforced by fibre, which has a central, elongate core (12) and several ribs (14) which extend along the length of the core, which are disposed at an angular distance from each other, which form a cross or a star in the cross section thereof and which are twisted around the core axis (16) in a helical manner.

Abstract: A thin, prestressed concrete panel, having a thickness of about one and one-half inch thickness or less, and apparatus for making the same is disclosed. Pairs of prestressed tendons extend between the side and end portions of the panel. The tendons of each pair are positioned on each side of the mid-plane of the panel and spaced from such mid-plane so as to increase panel strength and prevent warping of the panel. A molding apparatus for casting the panel comprises a bottom plate, a pair of opposite side portions, and a pair of opposite end portions. Slots are defined in the side and end portions through which tendons are inserted prior to pouring concrete in the mold. Tensioning means are provided for prestressing the tendons in the longitudinal and lateral directions of the panel.

Abstract: A reinforcement includes two parallel walls formed with braces arranged along two orthogonal directions, the walls being spaced apart by tie rods. The structure further includes on at least one of its formwork surfaces a permeable structure for retaining aggregate and allowing excess water of cast concrete to escape. According to the invention, at least one of the parallel walls includes two mutually independent grates, one the grates being associated with the other wall by a first set of tie rods, and the other of the grates being associated with the other wall by a second set of tie rods, independent of the first set. When the grates are displaced in opposite directions along an axis parallel to the plane of the grates, the spacing between the walls is modified.

Abstract: A weldless spacer for wire reinforcement of concrete is provided formed of a one piece, stamped design. An upper rail is formed parallel to a lower rail, and a series of vertical support elements are formed parallel to each other but perpendicular to both the upper rail and the lower rail. Flat plate stock, such as galvanized metal is used to formed a corrosion free spacer can supplant entirely the use of conventional reinforcing screens, but can be deployed and used in a manner similar to current conventional techniques.

Abstract: Reinforcing bars for concrete structures, are made from a composite of a depolymerizable and repolymerizable thermoplastic resin and longitudinally oriented reinforcing fibers. These reinforcing bars provide excellent tensile reinforcement, and do not exhibit the corrosion problems of conventional steel reinforcing bars. The rebars are readily formed into a great many shapes that are adapted to many specialized reinforcement requirements.

Abstract: A high strength grouted pipe coupler by which either a pair of spaced, axially aligned steel reinforcement bars (i.e. rebars) are reliably spliced to one another or a single reinforcement bar is spliced to a flat steel plate to form a T-headed bar configuration. The reinforcement bars are surrounded by a spiral reinforcing spring within a hollow cylindrical sleeve or tube. The coupler tube is filled with an epoxy or cement based grout within which the reinforcement bars and the reinforcing spring are embedded. Set screws are moved through the coupler tube to maintain the position of the reinforcement bars prior to the coupler tube being filled with epoxy or cement. The pipe coupler herein disclosed has application for connecting together contiguous columns, walls, beams and similar structures to enable buildings, parking garages, bridges, subways and airports to be better able to survive a seismic event.

Abstract: The invention concerns a reinforced concrete or prestressed concrete part stressed by shearing forces with layers of reinforcement (22, 24) provided at its upper and lower sides. For shear protection at least one plane reinforcing part (30, 32, 34, 36) is provided between these layers of reinforcement which mainly extends at right angles to a surface of the reinforced concrete part and mainly over the entire distance between the layers of reinforcement (22, 24) and crosswise to at least one crack (50) occurring in the reinforced or prestressed concrete part under transverse load.

Abstract: A reinforced concrete slab 10 comprising concrete 11 reinforced by parallel, spaced planar truss members 12 fabricated of rebar rod materials, each comprising a sinusoidal wave-like strut 23 with an upper chord member 21 welded thereto at the maxima apexes 24 thereof and a lower chord member 22 welded thereto at the minima apexes 25 thereof, a plurality of spaced rebar braces 14 extending the width of the slab and welded to the truss members 12 in perpendicular relation thereto, a plurality of plastic pipes 16 extending through the concrete 11, each with its ends opening at the edges of the slab 10 for reducing its weight and/or accommodating utilitarian articles, such as electrical wiring and the like therethrough, and a plurality of steel adapters 30A, 30B fixed at the edges of the slab by welding to the rebar components thereof and serving to facilitate lifting of the slab when necessary and for connecting the slab to other slabs or structures.

Abstract: An apparatus for holding in the proper position and location reinforcing steel in the center of a grouted concrete masonry unit cell. A means for safely and easily positioning rebar in in masonry walls.

Abstract: A method for reinforcing a structure with a sheet containing reinforcing fiber yarns is disclosed, by which method separation of the sheet is sufficiently prevented, maximum use of the sheet strength is achieved, and existing structures are effectively reinforced. The method includes the step of providing a sheet containing reinforcing fiber yarns over the surface of a structure selected from the group consisting of concrete and steel structures, with a flexible material interposed therebetween, the flexible material having a tensile elongation of 10 to 200% at maximum load at 23° C., and a tensile strength of 0.1 to 50 N/mm2 at 23° C.

Abstract: A bar connection or splice and method uses a cage of relatively short bars which may be smaller reinforcing bars or threaded bars or rods. The bars of the cage may be joined by rings or wires and clamped to bridge or lap aligned bar ends. In one form, the concrete may be cast directly around to cage and bar ends to form the equivalent of a butt joined lap splice. In an enhanced form, the cage is included in a sleeve and set screws clamp the bars, cage and sleeve together. The sleeve may be filled with a hardenable matrix such as resin or grout, and then concrete is cast around the connection. The number of sets screws and bars of the cage may vary widely to form vertical and horizontal splices of axially aligned bar of the same or transitional sizes.

Abstract: Building element having two parallel welded wire grid mats (1, 2), of straight web wires (7) which hold the wire grid mats at a predetermined distance apart and are joined at each end to the two wire grid mats. An insulating body (8) is arranged between the wire grid mats, through which the web wires pass. At least one of the wire grid mats is in the form of a grid reinforcement mat which possesses a minimum strength of the weld nodes which complies with the static requirements applicable to the building element, corresponding mechanical strength of the grid mat wires (3, 4) and also corresponding diameters and mutual spacings of the grid mat wires. The web wires are arranged in predetermined directions relative to the wire grid mats, and the insulating body is held at a predetermined distance from each of the wire grid mats.

Abstract: A column assembly preferably includes a tube member having a wall that defines an interior volume. The column assembly is preferably operable to convert external, axial compressive forces applied to the column assembly into at least tangential stresses within the wall of the tube member. In one embodiment, an external compressive force causes increased pressurization of a filler material located within the volume of the tube member. The pressurized filler material produces tangential, tensile stresses within the wall of the tube member rather than axial compressive forces within the wall of the tube member. In some embodiments, a reinforcing, tension member, e.g., a wire rope, may be helically wound around the outer surface of the tube member along at least a portion of its longitudinal length.

Abstract: Reinforced concrete panels that are reinforced by fiberglass bars. In a reinforced concrete panel having a longitudinal axis and a transverse axis, where the longitudinal axis defines the length of the concrete panel, the fiberglass bars are located parallel to the longitudinal axis. The fiberglass bars are parallel to each other, such that the bars do not touch each other. Additionally, the bars are perpendicular to the transverse axis. During formation of the reinforced concrete panel, the bars are lowered into a mold to which concrete mix is added. The bars are lowered by a hanger assembly that releasably secures the fiberglass bars and maintains their parallel relationship. After the viscosity of the mix is sufficiently reduced, the hanger assembly releases the bars into the concrete mix, and is removed from the mold. The reinforced concrete panel is then removed from the mold, and cut as necessary to make smaller individual reinforced concrete panels.

Abstract: This invention comprises reinforced industrial vaults with segmented knock-outs having a variety of shapes and orientations. The invention also comprises vaults having cast-in cable racks. The cable racks can be electrically connected to the reinforcing elements during manufacture, providing electrical grounding of electronic equipment placed in the vault. Cable channels can be installed at desired locations by selecting a knock-out, removing the knock-out and installing a terminator plate having cable conduits. Cable conduits can have diaphragms that can be removed to provide additional choices for locating cable channels. Cable channels can be provided in a vault in the field, even if the vault has been already installed.

Abstract: A framing device enabling formation of an in-ground reinforced concrete structure and a method thereof, wherein the preformed structure of beams, rods, and plates is placed into a prepared site, removable platens are placed therein, concrete is poured therebetween, resulting in a reinforced concrete structure of which the framing device is an integral part. The framing device and resulting concrete structure is especially useful for installing therewithin a loading dock leveling device, scale, or other platform-mounted device for the load-bearing support of the device.

Abstract: A novel and simple method of making a novel concrete slab structure supported on vertical columns (1) and having high strength against punching shear failure involves: placing stirrup cages (3, 3′) with their open sides downwards directly on top of the bottom reinforcement net (7) in a form; laying, crossed bent bars (8) over the top of the column and running along the bottom reinforcement net (7); laying a top reinforcement net (7′) on top of the stirrup cages (3,3′) and the crossed bent bars (8); pouring concrete into the form to a level above the top reinforcement net (7′).

Abstract: The invention relates to a reinforcing cage for a concrete element (1) comprising at least two layers of longitudinal armorings (C, T) maintained spaced from one another by transverse armorings (E).

Abstract: A shaped article, at least one domain of which has a three-dimensionally reinforced composite structure comprising of a matrix and a reinforcing system (2, 4, 5, 6), the reinforcing system comprising bodies such as bars, wires, cables, or plates embedded in the matrix and extending three-dimensionally in first (4, 5) second (2) and third (6) dimensions therein, the reinforcing system being tension interlocked in at least one dimension in that reinforcement components extending in the first and/or second dimension are tension interlocked to reinforcement components extending in the same dimension(s), but at a transverse distance therefrom, by transverse reinforcement components extending in a dimension transverse, to a plane or surface defined by the reinforcement in the first and/or second dimension. The matrix is preferably a dense cement-based matrix prepared from cement, microsilica, a concrete superplaticiser and water, or a metallic matrix.

Abstract: A webbed reinforcing strip for poured concrete structures includes a first elongated tension strand, a second elongated tension strand spaced apart from and substantially parallel to the first tension strand, and at least two pairs of strands interconnecting the first and second tension strands in an open weave pattern. The interconnecting strands cross each other between the tension strands to form a webbed central portion of the strip. The interconnecting strands bend to join the tension strands at nonperpendicular angles at a plurality of nodes. All strands are formed of glass fiber reinforced plastic material and are bonded together with a bonding resin. Thus, thermal transfer and the potential for damage due to corrosion are minimized.

Abstract: This is a reinforcing apparatus that can be prefabricated for easy installation at the construction site. The reinforcing members must be properly spaced and supported for reinforcing the structure into which it shall be incorporated. Various spacing members are described for the apparatus. One embodiment folds into a collapsed structure prior to shipping and unfolds on the construction site. Another has a structure where the reinforcing members are snapped onto spacing members at the construction site, making for a quick assembly. Yet another has a structure in which the reinforcing members are clipped into place on the spacing member prior to use. The apparatus, once assembled or unfolded, can be self-supporting.

Abstract: In the structure for reinforcing a concrete member and the reinforcing method of the present invention, a reinforcing sheet is arranged and joined to a various kinds of concrete member, such as column, beam, wall, floor, and the like, by applying the reinforcing sheet to the surface of the concrete member and attaching to the fixing anchors joined to the concrete member or the other concrete member surrounding the concrete member. The fixing anchor comprises a large amount of reinforcing fiber, and is obtained by bundling a part of the reinforcing fiber. The unbundled portion of the fixing anchor is spread along the surface of the concrete member. The reinforcing sheet is over-lapped to the unbundled portion using resin adhesives. In addition, reinforcing fibers, such as carbon fiber, aramid fiber, glass fiber, and the like are preferably used as the material comprising the fixing anchor and reinforcing sheet. Thereby, the reinforcing member can be joined via the fixing anchor to the concrete members.

Abstract: A device for forming expansion joints between the fields of a floor covering laid on a raw floor, comprises limiting sections that are tied to the edges of the floor covering limiting the joint, as well as to the corresponding fastening mortar. The two limiting sections are joined with each other in a sliding manner parallel with the fields of the floor covering. The two limiting sections have approximately U-shaped cross sections. In their sliding connection, in which the two limiting sections are directed against each other, they jointly have a cross section in the form of a double “T”.

Abstract: A steel frame building structure includes steel posts, steel beams fixed with connect members, and connectors connected to the connect members with bolts and nuts, support frames of wall structures fixed with the beams to construct wall structures, and the wall structures connected tightly with the sides of steel bar nets of an upper and a lower floor by means of fix steel bars. The posts and the beams have their support frames directly assembled with connect members, and the support frames have reinforcing steel bars lateral and vertical in the interior. Holed plates are fixed on outer surfaces of the support frames of the wall structures and the support frames of the posts and the beams, and sealed with sealing means. Then concrete can be placed through openings into hollow spaces in the whole structure with fastness and forming the steel frame building having a strong structure to resist earthquakes.

Abstract: Reinforcing bars for concrete structures, are made from a composite of a depolymerizable and repolymerizable thermoplastic resin and longitudinally oriented reinforcing fibers. These reinforcing bars provide excellent tensile reinforcement, and do not exhibit the corrosion problems of conventional steel reinforcing bars. The rebars are readily formed into a great many shapes that are adapted to many specialized reinforcement requirements.

Abstract: A reinforcement for prefabricated concrete panels with improved bonding with concrete, which comprises profiles to be embedded in a concrete body of a panel. At least some of the profiles have perforations and undulations which are suitable to increase the bonding between the profiles and the concrete body of the panel.

Abstract: Building element having two parallel welded wire grid mats (1, 2), of straight web wires (7) which hold the wire grid mats at a predetermined distance apart and are joined at each end to the two wire grid mats. An insulating body (8) is arranged between the wire grid mats, through which the web wires pass. At least one of the wire grid mats is in the form of a grid reinforcement mat which possesses a minimum strength of the weld nodes which complies with the static requirements applicable to the building element, corresponding mechanical strength of the grid mat wires (3, 4) and also corresponding diameters and mutual spacings of the grid mat wires. The web wires are arranged in predetermined directions relative to the wire grid mats, and the insulating body is held at a predetermined distance from each of the wire grid mats.

Abstract: A fixed construction (10) comprises rigid piles (12) and a monolithic concrete floor slab resting (14) on the piles. The floor slab comprises straight zones connecting in the two directions, i.e. lengthwise and broadwise, the shortest distance between the areas of the floor slab above the piles. The floor slab (14) is reinforced by a combination of: (a) fibers (22) distributed over the volume of the floor slab (14); (b) and steel rods (16, 16′) with a yield strength of at least 690 MPa and being located in those straight zones. This construction reduces considerably the amount of reinforcement steel, increases the bearing capacity and enables to reduce the time for making such a construction.

Abstract: In order to anchor, reinforce, affix or keep together construction or machine parts, construction members, construction works or parts thereof, or at least to apply a force component, the invention involves a looping anchor or retaining element including several supeposed belt layers or plies.

Abstract: To product a steel-reinforced hollow-body ceiling, reinforcing cages (10) are fitted to the ceiling area. The reinforcing cages (10) have three U-shaped stays (12) each made of round steel at an angular distance, with the U-shaped stays being welded together with two horizontal rings (18, 20) to form a stable structure which can be walked upon. A container (22), open at the bottom and having aeration holes (26) in the cover (24) can be hooked into this reinforcing cage (10). In this way the container (22) becomes buoyancy-free. Reinforcing cages (10) and containers (22) are stackable, forming truncated pyramids with a hexagonal base. The reinforcing cages (10) can be positioned with little space between them. They can be walked upon and act as spacers for the upper reinforcement of the concrete ceiling. Once concrete has been poured into place, a hollow-body reinforced-concrete ceiling or slab in honeycomb structure results.

Abstract: Disclosed is concrete comprising: a plurality of fiber rings for reinforcing a tensile strength of the concrete, each of the plurality of fiber rings forming a closed loop. The plurality of fiber rings included in concrete according to the present invention can remarkably increase a tensile strength of the concrete, are prevented from being entangled and poorly distributed, and do not hurt the human body and prevent an object from being damaged and thereby being broken.