Abstract: Small particles of cellulose-containing plants and an oxidated silicon compound are mixed with an alkali metal hydroxide then heated to 150.degree. to 220.degree. C. while agitating thereby producing an alkali metal broken down lignin-cellulose silicate polymer which is then reacted with a polysubstituted organic compound to produce a broken down lignin-cellulose silicate copolymer.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for preparing polyisocyanate silicate plastics by reaction of an alkali metal cellulose silicate condensation product with a compound having at least two isocyanate groups to produce a polyisocyanate silicate prepolymer. The prepolymer is then reacted with an organic compound to produce a polyisocyanate silicate plastic.

Abstract: A select semi-flexible foam polymer composition prepared from a select reaction mixture, the mixture being characterized by a high level of water and an absence of a polyol. The foam polymer composition is particularly useful in packaging fragile or shock-sensitive objects.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of rigid polyurethane foams which are relatively stable at elevated temperatures involves reacting a polyether polyol reactant with an organic polyisocyanate reactant in the presence of a foaming agent comprising water. The polyol reactant is a select combination of three polyols and is effective in improving the thermal stability of the resulting foam without appreciably affecting its other physical properties.

Abstract: This disclosure teaches synthetic polyurethane sponges manufactured with at least 4% of one or more additives dispersed therein. The additives may be soap, lotions, detergents, pesticides, lanolin, scouring particles, silicone oils, bath oils, or the like or combinations thereof. The sponges' skeletons are developed by reaction of a polyether or a polyester with a suitable isocyanate in the presence of a catalyst with the additives entrapped in voids of the sponges. An additive bearing material, i.e. a carrier material containing the additive is prepared. The carrier material is then mixed into a foam forming reaction mass. By this expedient the additive does not impair desired foam formation. The sponges are provided with high liquid absorbency and fine "hand" by virtue of manufacturing methods and specific catalysts employed.

Abstract: Rigid isocyanurate urethane polymers useful for insulation purposes and characterized by superior thermal stability are prepared by reacting an excess of polymeric isocyanate with butenediol in the presence of blowing agent and catalyst.

Abstract: The use of methylene chloride as a blowing agent for resinous foams, particularly urethane foams is improved by incorporating a low molecular weight polyhydroxy aliphatic compound having more than two hydroxyl groups. Simultaneously with the addition the amount of gelling catalyst (e.g., stannous octoate) required to obtain good foam, particularly the very soft foams, is reduced over that required using the methylene chloride without the addition of the polyhydroxy compound. Similarly, when the polyhydroxy compound of this invention is used, smaller amounts of the gelling catalyst are employed for equal foam properties when the fluorinated halocarbons are employed either alone or in combination with the methylene chloride.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for preparing polyisocyanate silicate plastics by reaction of an alkali metal cellulose silicate condensation product with a compound having at least two isocyanate groups to produce a polyisocyanate silicate prepolymer. The prepolymer is then reacted with an organic compound to produce a polyisocyanate silicate plastic.

Abstract: A process for producing flame-resistant foam resins is disclosed. The flame-resistant foam resin is produced by reacting an organic polyisocyanate with urea.

Abstract: Equipment and formulations for the filling of ordinary pneumatic tires with a polyurethane foam, whereby all types, sizes and pressure ratings may be accurately filled, matching the ride and handling characteristics and load-bearing properties of air-filled tires and providing longer wear for the tires while at the same time providing puncture and blow-out proof tires.

Abstract: A rigid shrink stable polyurethane foam having a K factor value below 0.22 and having substantially all closed cells is prepared from a reaction product of an arylene polyisocyanate and an addition product of an alkylene oxide having at least three carbon atoms and a polyol having at least four hydroxy groups using a chlorofluoro-lower alkane blowing agent.

Abstract: The storage stability of otherwise unstable premix compositions for flame retardant rigid polyurethane foams containing in the premix a chlorinated polyether polyol and a tertiary amine catalyst, is enhanced by incorporation into the premix of a minor amount of a vinyl monomer. The preferred vinyl monomers employed are condensation products of acrylic or methacrylic acid with alcohols or amines. Such stabilization prevents premature deactivation of the tertiary amine catalysts contained in the premix.

Abstract: A method of producing polyurea foams is disclosed. The polyurea foam is produced by reacting an organic polyisocyanate with water in the presence of urea or by reacting a crude tolylene diisocyanate or a mixture of crude tolylene diisocyanate and crude diphenylmethane diisocyanate as an organic polyisocyanate with water in the presence of an amine catalyst, a silicone surfactant and, if necessary, a tin catalyst.

Abstract: In a process for the production of a plastic organopolysiloxane molding composition which can be stored under pressure and with exclusion of moisture, and which, on release of the pressure and under the action of water or atmospheric moisture, is converted into an elastomeric, fine-pored foam molding or foam coating, which comprises forming a mixture of an .alpha.,.omega.-dihydroxypolydiorganopolysiloxane with a silicon-containing crosslinking agent, introducing the mixture into the inner container of a two-container pack which consists of a rigid outer container and a flexible inner container located within the outer container and provided with a dispensing valve which extends to the exterior, and placing the mixture under pressure.

Abstract: This invention relates to compositions and methods for forming polyether polyurethanes utilizing internal release additives for the purpose of facilitating mold release in the production of molded objects. The invention discloses four classes of internal release additives: (1) mixtures of aliphatic or aryl carboxylic acid and a polar metal compound; (2) caboxyalkylsiloxanes; (3) aliphatic glyoximes; and (4) aralkyl quaternary ammonium salts.

Abstract: Flexible polyurethane foams are prepared from polyols containing 0.1 to 5.0 percent by weight of an inorganic filler such as fumed silica having a pH value of 6-8.5 and an effective particle size of less than 7 microns. Foams molded from such polyols exhibit in some instances an improvement in some of the strength properties and do not alter substantially, the mold fill time. In addition, there is an improvement in foam porosity (air flow) as well as a reduction in the force required to crush foam articles.

Abstract: Unsaturated polyester resin foams or cellular structures of varying low densities are prepared quickly at ambient temperatures from an admixture which comprises a liquid unsaturated curable polyester resin, an organic isocyanate compound, a suitable surfactant, an accelerator and a particular combination of peroxide curing agents, which also serves to initiate the release of gases that permit expansion of the resin in a controlled manner to obtain a foamed structure.

Abstract: A process for producing high resilience polyurethane foam utilizing as a foam stabilizer a combination of an organosilicone oil of average molecular weight 200-2000 composed of the blocks represented by the formula ##EQU1## (where a+b is 1 to 3, b is 0 or 1, R is methyl group, and R' is a hydrocarbon group of 3-15 carbon atoms) and a hydrocarbon oil of average molecular weight 200-2000 containing more than 20 wt. % of alicyclic hydrocarbon and/or aromatic hydrocarbon.

Abstract: A process for making cold-setting, non-shrinkable polyurethane foam resins using a mixture of silicon compounds of the formula:A.sub.x B.sub.x+2whereinx=2-25, preferably 2-5A is the group R' Si O.sub.3/2B is the group (R).sub.3 Si O.sub.1/2R represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 3 carbon atomsR' represents an aryl group having from 6 to 14 carbon atoms, with the proviso that the mixture contains at least one compound wherein x is greater than 3.

Abstract: Polyisocyanurate foams having excellent heat resistance and flame resistance are produced by using no common organic silicone surfactant or using less than 0.2% by weight based on an organic polyisocyanate, of said organic silicone surfactant, when producing a polyisocyanurate foam by reacting an organic polyisocyanate, a blowing agent and a catalyst for trimerizing isocyanate and if necessary a surfactant, a modifier and the other additives.

Abstract: Flexible polyurethane foams having low resistance to air flow and, in addition, having good load bearing characteristics and high strength comprising the reaction product of polyisocyanate, a polyol blend including about 40-60 percent by weight of a polyether triol having an average molecular weight of about 4500-6500 and about 60-40 percent by weight of a reinforced polymer polyol having an average molecular weight of about 4500-5500 for the base polyol, and a low molecular weight cross-linking agent, such as 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol or 4,4' methylene-bis (2-chloroaniline). Preferably the air flow characteristics are improved by crushing the reaction product before it is fully cured.

Abstract: Phenol silicate compounds and resinous products with free hydroxyl and silicate groups will react chemically with polyisocyanate compounds to produce poly (urethane silicate) prepolymers and may be cured by use of water to produce a solid/cellular solid reaction product.

Abstract: Copolyimide foams made from lower alkyl esters of tetracarboxylic acids and two or more diamines. Precursors for such copolyimides. Processes for making the precursors and for converting them to copolyimide foams.

Abstract: Flame retarded polyurethane foams are prepared from a reaction mixture comprising as the flame retardant additive a compound containing 2,2,2-trichloroethyl group.

Abstract: Described is a process for making rigid polyurethane foam from a reaction formulation including a novel surfactant composition comprising select trialkoxysilanols or alkoxysilane cluster compounds.

Abstract: A process for producing a flame resistant rigid polyurethane foam by reacting a reaction mixture comprising a polyetherpolyol and/or a polyesterpolyol having an active hydrogen atom, a polyisocyanate, water and/or a volatile foaming agent and an emulsifying agent, in which a specific amine compound shown by the general formula as defined hereinafter in the specification is added to the reaction system, the weight ratio of amine compound to polyetherpolyol and/or polyesterpolyol being from 70:30 to 30:70, and also the flame resistant rigid polyurethane foam produced by the process.