Abstract: Novel, finely divided, redispersible dispersions of high melting polyesters in low melting polyhydroxyl compounds are disclosed. Disclosed also is a process for their preparation and their use as polyol components containing fillers in the production of cellular or non-cellular polyurethanes.

Abstract: A novel flexible polyurethane foam has a substantial number of cells with an internal residual cell surface greater than 60% and less than 90%. The novel foams have improved vibration damping characteristics.

Abstract: A process for preparing an integral-skinned polyurethane foam wherein a foamable composition for formation of polyurethane which comprises a polyol, polyisocyanate, cross-linking agent, catalyst, and blowing agent is reacted and expanded in a mold, characterized in that(a) said polyol is a polyether polyol having a terminal ethylene oxide adduct rate of at least 60%, an OH number of 20 to 100 and a functionality of 4 to 8, or a polyester polyol having a functionality of 4 to 8;(b) said polyisocyanate is a non-aromatic polyisocyanate having an isocyanate index of 90 to 130;(c) said cross-linking agent is diethanolamine and ranges from 0.5 to 20 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of said polyol;(d) said catalyst is an organometallic salt; and(e) said blowing agent is a halogenated hydrocarbon of a low boiling point.

Abstract: The invention relates to carbodiimide- and/or uretonimine-isocyanurate-containing polyisocyanates, to the process for their preparation, and to microcellular foams prepared therefrom.These compositions may be prepared in the presence of the appropriate catalyst by(a) a partial trimerization of a mixture of polyisocyanate and carbodiimide and uretonimine containing polyisocyanate with trimer catalyst to the desired free isocyanate level,(b) sequential, partial carbodiimidization followed by partial trimerization of a polyisocyanate to the desired free isocyanate level(c) sequential partial trimerization of a polyisocyanate followed by partial carbodiimidization,(d) simultaneous conversion using the mixed catalyst system of carbodiimide and isocyanurate catalysts reacted to the desired free isocyanate level, and(e) blending liquid polyisocyanate with the carbodiimide and uretonimine containing polyisocyanate and isocyanurate containing polyisocyanate to the desired isocyanate level.

Abstract: HR or high resiliency polyurethane foams having improved processing stability are prepared from reactive urethane formation promoting active hydrogen-containing compositions which have been pre-treated with carbon dioxide or a weak acid. The pre-treated active hydrogen-containing composition is, then, reacted with an organic polyisocyante to form the foams hereof.

Abstract: Polyol compositions containing effectively dispersed particulate material featuring critical dispersion characteristics are used to stabilize foam reaction in high resilience polyurethane foam.

Abstract: Cold-cured molded polyurethane flexible foams having improved vibration damping properities are made by foaming in the presence of (1) a high molecular weight predominantly linear siloxane polyoxyalkylene block copolymer and (2) a solvent which is compatible with the block copolymer and which has a viscosity of 3 to 100 cps and a surface tension between 15 to 60 dynes/cm.

Abstract: Polyurethane foams are prepared from polyols stabilized against oxidative degradation with a synergistic combination of a sterically hindered phenol and 4,4'-bis(.alpha.,.alpha.-dimethylbenzyl)diphenyl amine in which a portion of either the phenol or the amine or a portion of both have been replaced with a phenothiazine compound.

Abstract: Described herein is a frothable thermosetting polyurethane-forming composition, a process for producing a curable froth from said composition, a process for applying the curable froth to a substrate and a cured cellular polyurethane produced from the curable froth.

Abstract: Polyols stabilized against oxidative degradation with a synergistic combination of a sterically hindered phenol and 4,4'-bis(.alpha.,.alpha.-dimethylbenzyl)diphenyl amine are improved by replacing a portion of either the phenol or the amine or a portion of both with a phenothiazine compound.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel partially saponified polyvinyl acetates with a degree of hydrolysis of 30 to 65 mole % which might be considered as vinyl alcohol-vinyl acetate block copolymers. The invention relates further to the application of said novel block copolymers as a pore-forming additive used together with at least one known protective colloid in the homo- and copolymerization of vinyl compounds, primarily of vinyl chloride in a pure aqueous medium.

Abstract: A method of producing flameproof polyisocyanurate foams is disclosed. When the foam is produced by reacting an organic polyisocyanate with polyols as a modifying agent in the presence of an isocyanate trimerization catalyst, a blowing agent and other additives, a combination of particular low molecular weight diols with particular high molecular weight polyether polyols is used as the polyol in a special weight ratio and a special total amount per 100 parts by weight of the organic polyisocyanate in the presence of special combination of an alkali metal salt of a carboxylic acid and a tertiary amine compound as the catalyst.

Abstract: A rigid polyurethane foam prepared from a foamable mixture consisting essentially of(a) an organic polyisocyanate,(b) an organic polyol,(c) a blowing agent, and(d) a catalyst consisting of a mixture of lithium and zinc salts of aliphatic or alicyclic organic monocarboxylic acids or mixtures of acidsis described. The lithium and zinc salts exhibit excellent catalytic activity in a wide range of rigid foam systems with no deleterious effects on the physical properties of the foam.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for a polymeric foam such as a polyurethane foam prepared from a reaction mixture comprising an organic polyisocyanate compound and a compound having more than one active hydrogen, wherein the blowing agent comprises a mixture of ethanol and dibutylphthalate. The molar ratio of ethanol to dibutylphthalate is preferably in the range of from about 1.5 to about 4.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of phenol-formaldehyde foams by mixing a resol phase having a viscosity of between 8 and 60 poises and a novolac phase comprising a true novolac, a blowing agent, phenolsulphonic acid and, optionally, phenol, the relative amounts of resol phase and of novolac phase being such that the resol phase represents 45 to 75% by weight of the mixture.

Abstract: Use of stannous halide alcohol complexes, typified by the complex of stannous chloride and triethylene glycol, as catalysts permits production of urethane elastomers characterized by freedom from bubbles. The novel complexes are particularly characterized by their properties; e.g. Mossbauer spectra shows a chemical shift relative to a standard and a quadrupole splitting which are not found in mere mixtures of e.g., stannous chloride and triethylene glycol.

Abstract: Novel poly(urethane-isocyanurate) foams and their preparation are described. These foams are low density, non-friable, heat stable, polymeric reaction products of polyisocyanate and polyoxyalkylene polyol, the reaction products having a cross-link density in the range of about 1 cross-link per 400 to 750 atomic weight units. Processes are also provided for forming a foamed isocyanate-derived polymer on an oil-contaminated substrate and obtaining a firm bond of the polymer to the substrate.

Abstract: A granular polyurethane cellular medium for absorbing water-borne, water insoluble hydrocarbons, method for its preparation and production system. The granular medium is formed by prereacting polyisocyanate or a prepolymer with a linear monohydric alcohol to form a prepolymer. This prepolymer subsequently is reacted with a polyol and blowing agent within a flexible sheet bun mold. Following molding of the bun within the flexible sheet, the bun is transferred to a comminution stage within a predetermined time period whereupon it is granulated. The material is fabricable at low cost and under a broad range of environmental conditions permitting flexibility in selecting the site for production of the material. The material exhibits an unusually high affinity for the water-borne contaminant hydrocarbons, does not absorb water and lends itself to low-cost production procedures.

Abstract: Improved hydrophilic crosslinked polyurethane foams are prepared by reacting (a) an isocyanate-capped polyoxyethylene prepolymer with (b) at least 20 moles of water per mole of NCO groups in the presence of (c) alumina hydrate, (d) a phosphorus fire-retardant additive and (e) an organic carbon compound which serves to react with phosphate anions at high temperatures (e.g., in the presence of a flame) and reinforces the char provided by combustion of the foam.

Abstract: Synergistic stabilizer combinations consisting of phenols such as 2,6,-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol, amines such as 4,4'-bis(alpha,alpha- dimethylbenzyl)diphenylamine and p,p'-di-octyldiphenylamine, and phosphites such as phenyldidecylphosphite with 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamic acid triester of 1,3,5-tris(2-hydroxyethyl)-s-triazine-2,4,6-(1H,3H,5H-trione are employed as oxidative stabilizers for polyoxyalkylene polyether polyols and for the prevention of scorch in polyurethane foams prepared therefrom.

Abstract: This foaming system includes a foaming agent solution and a resin solution. The foaming agent includes the relative amounts of 15 to 30 parts by weight of a salt of an alkyl diphenyl oxide sulfonate, 10 to 25 parts of 85% phosphoric acid and 15 to 25 parts urea, all in an aqueous solution. The resin solution includes a resin prepared by reacting 1 to 2.4 mols of formaldehyde per 1 mol of urea, 6.5 to 500 mmols polyethylene glycol as foam charring agent, 0.3 to 1.2 mmols of calcium carbonate as uniform foam cell size agent, 3 to 310 mmols of dicyandiamide as foam hydrolysis resistance agent, 2 to 30 mmols of sodium bromide as foam aging agent, and sufficient water to make a 35 to 45% solution. In preparing the foam, one part by weight of the foaming agent solution of about 5% solids concentration is aerated and then 1.0 to 1.5 parts by weight of the resin solution is sprayed thereon to obtain foam with an average linear shrinkage of about 0.25%.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a foamed polymeric material from starting materials which include a bitumen and a hydroxy fatty oil is disclosed. In addition to the process itself, certain final products of the process are claimed.

Abstract: Covers a water-modified diisocyanate mixture obtained from water-treating a diphenylmethane diisocyanate to provide a diisocyanate mixture comprising 3-25 percent by weight of diphenylmethane biuret isocyanate and 75-97 percent diphenylmethane diisocyanate. Also covers the use of said water-modified diphenylmethane diisocyanate in preparing an improved polyurethane or polyisocyanurate polymer. Also covers said polymers.

Abstract: A method for producing a phenol foam plastic, consisting in that polycondensation of phenols with formaldehyde is conducted with simultaneous foaming and curing in the presence of a foaming agent and an acid or alkaline catalyst. Used as the phenols are pyrocatechol, hydroquinone, resorcinol, 5-methyl resorcinol, shale alkyl resorcinols, shale total phenols, or various combinations of said phenols. The method is simple and permits obtaining a foam plastic with improved physico-mechanical properties.

Abstract: Novel, macroreticular cross-linked anion exchange and adsorbent copolymers of at least one monovinylidene ring-containing nitrogen heterocyclic monomer are prepared. Preferred monovinylidene ring-containing heterocyclic monomers are the various vinylpyridines.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to a one-step process for the production of elastomeric moldings which have a compact surface by the technique of reaction injection molding, using highly reactive systems of specific polyisocyanates, polyhydroxyl compounds and specific active aromatic polyamines. The instant invention further relates to active hydrogen containing blends useful in preparing elastomeric moldings, said blends comprising polyhydroxyl compounds, and specific active aromatic diamines. The blends herein may also contain catalyst for the reaction between hydroxyl groups and isocyanate groups.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved foamable resole resin composition comprising a resole resin, a blowing agent and a surfactant wherein said improvement comprises incorporating a particular resole resin catalyzed with alkaline earth metal hydroxides and neutralized with oxalic acid or its acid salts providing inert insoluble oxalate salts dispersed in said resole. Said salts are sized controlled and stabilized in an aqueous resole resin solution having about 60 to 99% resole resin by weight. Methods for preparing and foaming said compositions are disclosed.

Abstract: A combination of conventional frothing agent and a particular amino-aldehyde resin provides better recovery of mineral values than can be obtained with either agent alone.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved foamable resole resin composition comprising a resole resin, a blowing agent and a surfactant wherein said improvement comprises incorporation dispersed metal powders in said composition providing a foamable resole composition curable to a non-corrosive foam. Methods for preparing, foaming and curing said non-corrosive foams are disclosed.

Abstract: Unsaturated polyester resins will form foamed or solid plastics with water-binding agents containing an oxidated silicon compound in the presence of an initiator.

Abstract: An intumescent composition comprising a polymeric binder, a mineral acid catalyst, a source of carbon, and a blowing agent in which the polymeric binder is a solution of a plasticized unsaturated polyester in an unsaturated monomer.

Abstract: Amino resin foams of the urea-formaldehyde or urea-melamine-formaldehyde type formed from a one-phase solution of methylene chloride solvent, propylene glycol co-solvent, catalyst and polymer precursors which may be urea and formaldehyde or urea, melamine and formaldehyde. As reaction occurs between the polymer precursors in the solution, the methylene chloride in the solution vaporizes foaming the resin. In the product foam, the propylene glycol acts as a plasticizer and the methylene chloride as the blowing agent in a closed-cell foam having superior stability and insulative properties. The product foam is useful in building insulation and for other insulative purposes.

Abstract: The method of production of chemically set compositions which show no shrinkage or which increase their volume during setting finding their application in building engineering, electrotechnical engineering and other fields of technology, consists in adding a special expanding system to a composition comprising synthetic resins or elastomers. Said system consists of an expanding agent, an expansion promoter, and if need be an expansion moderator, and sodium and/or potassium and/or magnesium fluosilicate. As the expanding agent substances are used having a porous structure and sorption properties, as for instance aluminosilicates, and as the expansion promoter substances are used having a polar structure and a critical diameter of the molecule smaller than that of the pores of the expanding agent, as for instance alcohols.

Abstract: Colored polyurethane foams are prepared by the reaction of a polyisocyanate with a component that contains at least two compounds having functional groups containing active hydrogen atoms and that comprises a polyol and a dispersion of a pigment in a low-viscosity, semi-reactive vehicle that comprises a glycol monocarboxylate, such as 1,2-propylene glycol mononeodecanoate.

Abstract: Rigid foams characterized by carbodiimide and isocyanurate linkages are prepared by catalytically condensing an organic polyisocyanate in the presence of (a) a carbodiimide-promoting compound and (b) certain C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkali metal carboxylates as trimerization catalysts.

Abstract: The incorporation of chloro-alkanol moieties into a urethane-modified isocyanurate foam has been found to improve the insulating properties of the foam as well as improve the flame-retardant properties thereof.

Abstract: Polyurethane foams are prepared by reacting an active hydrogen-containing organic compound with an organic polyisocyanate in the presence of a blowing agent and an amylaceous material which has been stabilized (a) by treating with a stabilizing agent containing an effective amount of an antioxidant capable of inhibiting the formation of oxidation products in the amylaceous material upon exposure to an oxidizing atmosphere or (b) by removing substantially all, or at least a major portion, of the oxidizable materials, particularly fatty acids or fats, from the amylaceous material.

Abstract: An organic-inorganic polymer for both porous and non-porous plastic products is produced by reacting a borate, in an aqueous alkaline solution, with a poly functional isocyanate.

Abstract: Liquid isocyanate-terminated polyurethane prepolymers are cured by mixing them with 10% to 200% by weight, based on the weight of the prepolymer, of an organic hydroxy silicate compound or their condensation product. The cured material may be non-porous elastomeric products or fine cellular products.

Abstract: Urethane-modified carbodiimide-isocyanurate foams are prepared by catalytically condensing (a) an organic polyisocyanate with a polyol or (b) a quasi-prepolymer in the presence of a blowing agent and from 20 parts to 100 parts by weight of alumina trihydrate. The resulting foams are characterized by improved flame retardancy without loss in strength properties.

Abstract: Reaction products of certain tertiary amines, alkylene oxides and carboxylic acids have been found to be outstanding catalysts for the preparation of polyisocyanurates, polyisocyanurate foams, polyurethane foams and poly(urethane-isocyanurate) foams. Typical tertiary amines are 1,3,5-tris (N,N-dialkylaminoalkyl-5-hexahydrotriazines, pyridine and bis-(N,N-dialkylaminoalkyl) ethers.

Abstract: Fiber-containing polyurethane foams having improved compression properties, especially at deformations of greater than 50%, are obtained by incorporating in the foam-forming composition from 0.1 to 10% by weight, based on the weight of finished foam, of polyolefin fibers, e.g., polyethylene or polypropylene fibers, that have been treated to provide them with functional groups that are reactive with isocyanates. The reactive fibers may be obtained by fixing to the fiber surface or incorporating in the fiber polyfunctional compounds, e.g., starch, methylcellulose, carboxy methylcellulose, saccharin, polyglycols, polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxyl-group-containing block copolymers, completely saponified copolymers of ethylene and vinylacetate and oxidation products of a polyolefin.

Abstract: An intumescent composition comprising a resinous binder, an inorganic acid source, a carbon source and a blowing agent, the blowing agent comprises(a) a 2-amino s-triazine of general formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are the same of different and are each selected from hydrogen, halogen, hydroxyl and amino groups and alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl and substituted alkenyl groups containing up to 6 carbon atoms and(b) a saturated or unsaturated polybasic carboxylic acid containing no more than 2 non-carboxyl carbon atoms per carboxyl group.

Abstract: Aqueous slurries of vesiculated cross-linked polyester resin granules which show a shrinkage of less than 5% on drying are prepared by a double-emulsion process in the presence of polyamine having a pKa value of 8.5-10.5 at a concentration of 0.3 to 1.4 amine groups per carboxyl group of the polyester, the acid value of which is limited to 10-45 mgm KOH per gm.The granules are of particular use as opacifying matting agents in latex paints and avoid the defect observed hitherto of cracking at high film builds.

Abstract: Composite materials composed of an organic polymer containing a fire-retardant together with a blowing agent and a hydroxy group-containing organic acid or a salt thereof, or a reaction product of the blowing agent and said acid or salt.

Abstract: A process for producing stable urea-aldehyde polymers with high structural strength from two storable liquid ingredients. In this process, partially cured liquid urea-formaldehyde resin is reacted with an aqueous cross-linking solution comprising one or more alkyl or aryl dialdehydes containing two to eight molecular carbons and the hydrogen ion concentration needed to catalyze the completion of the reaction of the dialdehydes and the urea-formaldehyde. The process for producing urea-aldehyde polymers, having improved structural strength and reduced aldehyde vapor emission during their production and prolonged use, is especially effective for manufacturing products for the building industry, such as urea-aldehyde insulating foam, wood-filled particle board, and plywood. The increased polymer strength and the elimination of the hazardous and objectionable aldehyde odor is achieved by maintaining the molecular ratio of total aldehyde moieties to urea to about 1.

Abstract: The invention relates to a synthetic polymer composition stabilized against light, heat and atmospheric influences comprising a polymer and from 0.01 to 10% by weight based on the quantity of the synthetic polymer, of a mixture of .alpha.,.alpha.'-bis-(2-hydroxy-3,5-dialkylphenyl)-m-diisopropyl benzene and .alpha.,.alpha.'-bis-(2-hydroxy-3,5-dialkylphenyl)-p-diisopropyl benzene, the mixture containing at least 20% by weight of the m-compound. The stabilized synthetic polymer compositions are used in various forms, e.g. in the form of fibres, filaments, yarns, sheetings, films, foils, latex, foam or coatings.

Abstract: A process for producing sulfur foam containing at least 50 weight percent sulfur, which comprises: (a) reacting molten sulfur with an organic protonic acid which is reactive with molten sulfur so as to incorporate the organic acid with sulfur to form a sulfur-organic acid adduct containing protonic acid groups; (b) mixing an organic surfactant agent with the adduct to obtain a mixture of adduct and surfactant agent; and then (c) reacting the mixture with a polyisocyanate to obtain sulfur foam.