Abstract: The invention pertains to a low weight, low density rigid polyurethane-polyurea reinforced reaction injection molded (RRIM) part having wollastonite reinforcing fibers dispersed throughout a matrix made by reacting polyisocyanates with a resin containing hydroxy group tertiary amine polyether polyols, a water as a blowing agent, and optionally surfactants, chain extenders, and urethane promoting catalysts. The low density RRIM part using wollastonite and the tertiary amine polyether polyols is a low cost alternative to glass fiber reinforced low density parts, and the part exhibits good mechanical properties and quick demold times.

Abstract: Internal mold release compositions for use in preparing molded polymeric products are disclosed which contain (a) a primary or secondary amine, (b) a carboxylic acid or amido carboxylic acid salt of a group II metal or of aluminum, lithium, copper, iron, cobalt or nickel, and optionally (c) a carboxylic acid or amido carboxylic acid.

Abstract: A process for preparing molded polymeric products including reacting a polyisocyanate with an active hydrogen-containing composition having internal mold release components. In the process, the active hydrogen-containing composition contains (a) a primary or secondary amine, (b) a metal salt of an organic material having a carboxylic acid group and a siloxane chain wherein, said metal is selected from Groups I-B, II-B, IV-B, V-B, VI-B, VII-B or VIII, and optionally (c) an organic material containing at least one carboxylic acid group, phosphorus-containing acid group or boron-containing acid group wherein said organic material contains a siloxane chain or contains a terminal or pendant aliphatic hydrocarbon chain.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a hard foam containing urethane groups or containing urethane and isocyanurate groups involves reactinga) an organic and/or modified organic polyisocyanate withb) at least one high-molecular-weight compound containing at least two reactive hydrogen atoms and, if desired,c) a low-molecular-weight chain extender and/or cross-linking agent,in the presence ofd) a blowing agent,e) a catalyst and, if desired,f) assistants and/or additives,where the blowing agent (d) used is at least one organic carboxylic acid, preferably an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid, alone or in combination with water and/or a physical blowing agent, and the catalyst (e) used is a polyisocyanurate catalyst, preferably an alkali metal salt or ammonium salt of an organic carboxylic acid or tris(dialkylaminoalkyl)-s-hexahydrotriazine.

Abstract: A method for producing a non-yellowing polyurethane urea foam, which comprises reacting an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer, obtained by the addition reaction of a polyol having a number average molecular weight of 100 to 5,000 and containing on the average 2 to 3 functional groups with an aliphatic polyisocyanate in an amount of 1.4 to 2.6 times the hydroxyl equivalent, with water in an amount of 0.4 to 5 times the isocyanate equivalent in the presence of, per 100 parts by weight of the prepolymer, 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of a carboxylic acid metal salt or 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of an amine-type catalyst.

Abstract: An isocyanate-reactive composition comprising:(1) a first isocyanate-reactive compound having a functionality of from 2 to about 4 and an average equivalent weight of from about 750 to about 3000.(2) a second isocyanate-reactive compound which is normally immiscible with the first isocyanate-reactive compound and has a functionality of at least 2 and an average equivalent weight of at least 30, and(3) a miscibilizing amount of dispersed polyurethane and/or polyurea particles.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of flexible foams containing urethane groups and having a reduced hardness is disclosed. Polyethers, having at least two hydroxyl groups and a molecular weight of 400 to 12,000 are reacted with polyisocyanates in the presence of catalysts and water and, optionally, in the presence of emulsifiers, stabilizers, cross linking agents, blowing agents and conventional auxiliaries and additives. The method is carried out in the presence of 0.01 to 1.0 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the polyol, of the alkali salt or the alkaline earth metal salt of a hydroxycarboxylic acid. The method enables the use of chlorofluorocarbons to be omitted largely or completely as physical blowing agents.

Abstract: A foamable thermoplastic molding composition comprising:a) an aromatic polycarbonate, andb) 0.1 to 5% by weight of a hydrate of an inorganic salt, is disclosed. The salt is inert to the polycarbonate and is capable of releasing its water of hydration only at a temperature above 100.degree. C.The composition which may optionally further contain c) up to 10% by weight of a nucleating agent, and d) up to 30% by weight of glass fibers is characterized by its good pore structure.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of polymeric foams which comprises reacting an organic polyisocyanate with a cyclic carbonate having at least one isocyanate-reactive substitutent attached to the carbonate ring.

Abstract: A method for preparing hard polyurethane and polyisocyanurate foams wherein an isocyanate and an active hydrogen containing compound are made to react in the presence of a catalyst, a foam stabilizer and a blowing agent which contains chloropropane, the used foam stabilizer being mainly of the non silicon type.

Abstract: A process for preparing a soft flexible polyurethane foam by reacting (a) one or more organic polyisocyanates with (b) one or more polyols having a molecular weight in the range from about 400 to about 12,000, in the presence of (c) a catalyst, (d) a blowing agent, and (e), if desired, auxiliaries and/or additives, wherein the blowing agent (d) comprises water in admixture with about 0.01 to about 1 pbw, per 100 pbw polyol (b), of one or more non-crosslinked organic polyelectrolytes having a molecular weight in the range from about 1000 to about 20,000,000.

Abstract: An improved superabsorbent polymer having increased rate of water absorption is obtained by the addition, preferably prior to polymerization, of a carbonate blowing agent to a monomer solution of the monomers used to form the superabsorbent polymer. Preferred monomers include (meth)acrylic acids, preferably partially neutralized prior to polymerization and appropriate cross-linking agents. The carbonate cross-linking agents are any carbonate salt soluble or dispersible in the monomer solution, prior to polymerization. The multi-valent cationic salts of carbonate are preferred, especially the complex carbonates, for example, of magnesium.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of polymeric foams which comprises reacting an organic polyisocyanate with a cyclic carbonate having at least one isocyanate-reactive substituent attached to the carbonate ring.

Abstract: Chlorofluorocarbon-free urethane-containing, soft-elastic moldings having a cellular core, a compacted peripheral zone and an essentially pore-free smooth surface are produced by reactinga) an organic and/or modified organic polyisocyanate withb) at least one relatively high-molecular-weight compound containing at least two reactive hydrogen atoms and, if desired,c) a low-molecular-weight chain extender and/or crosslinking agent,in the presence ofd) a blowing agent,e) a catalyst,f) a crystalline, microporous molecular sieve having a cavity diameter of less than 1.3 nm and comprising metal oxides or metal phosphates, and, if desired, further additives andg) assistants,in a closed mold with compaction, expediently by RIM.

Abstract: A modified organic polyisocyanate is prepared in such a manner that a trimerization catalyst, an organic phosphite estr, and a surfactant, and optionally a ferrocene compound are added to an organic isocyanate and/or a partially urethanized organic polyisocyanate to cause isocyanuration in an extent that not more than 20% by weight of entire isocyanate groups are isocyanurated; and a stopper is added, if necessary.

Abstract: A flame retardant composition and process which is particular useful for rebounded foam products. The composition of the present invention includes a solid component of magnesium sulfate, boric acid, decabromodiphenylethylene oxide (DECA) and antimony trioxide and a liquid component of halogenated phosphorous. The present invention is based upon the discovery of the synergism between boric acid and DECA. The process, according to the present invention, includes the steps of forming a dispersion of the solid portion of the flame retardant composition along with a small amount of water based adhesive to a mass of foam chips. The treated chips are then dried to permit handling and storage. The dried foam chips subsequently are mixed with a conventional urethane prepolymer binder and the liquid halogenated phosphorous flame retardant compound. After mixing the foam mass is transferred to molds and steamed to allow the binder to cure.

Abstract: A rigid polyisocyanurate foam suitable for holding stems of artificial flowers is a substantially closed cell foam having a density of about 1.7 to 2.9 lb./cu. ft. The foam is made by mixing components A and B in a ratio of B:A of about 0.2 to 0.6. Component B is a mixture of 100 parts by weight of polyester or polyether polyol, 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of potassium octoate, 4 to 10 parts by weight of water and 0 to 8 parts by weight of green colorant. Component B is mixed with 250 to 500 parts by weight of polymeric diphenyl methane diisocyanate (component A), and the resulting mixture is poured onto a substrate, which may be a conveyor or a mold box, for foaming in a substantially free rise step with a cream time of about 5 to 20 seconds. The conveyor is preferably heated to about 100.degree. to 150.degree. F. The foam is cured before cutting.

Abstract: Rigid foams containing urethane and isocyanurate groups are made by reacting a polyisocyanate with a compound containing at least two isocyanate reactive hydrogen atoms in the presence of an aqueous solution of alkali metal carboxylate in accordance with known techniques. The aqueous alkali metal carboxylate solution has an alkali metal carboxylate content of from about 10 to about 50% by weight. The alkali metal carboxylates are preferably alkali metal acetates such as potassium acetate. This process is carried out at an index above 150. The product foams are particularly useful as insulating materials.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of polymeric foams which comprises reacting under CO.sub.2 liberating conditions an organic polyisocyanate with an aldehyde or ketone having a nucleophilic or isocyanate-reactive center within 6 atoms of the carbon atom of the carbonyl group. The method is useful for making foams with reduced amounts of CFC-blowing agents or even in the absence of CFC-blowing agents.

Abstract: A water reaction synthesis with polyoxyethylene diol, diisocyanate and dibutyltin bis lauryl mercaptide produces a high molecular weight thermoplastic polyurethane-urea linear polymer with surface resistivity 10.sup.11 -10.sup.6 ohm/sq. Thermoplastic and/or elastomeric antistatic compositions containing other melt processable polymers and/or filler, and the polymer exhibit permanent protection. Antistatic protection can be increased when the polymer complexes with a metal salt such as lithium chloride, or lithium acetate.

Abstract: Compositions for producing foamed products which include additives and blowing agents which cause the surface treatment additives to migrate to the surfaces of foamed products. The products produced from the compositions require less additives because the incorporated additives are concentrated at the surface thereof.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of a special class of sulfonic and phosphonic acids, and salts of the acids, to give improved nucleation for foam extrusion of thermoplastics using either dissolved gas or chemical blowing agents to produce foam.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of a special class of sulfonic and phosphonic acids, and salts of the acids, to give improved nucleation for foam extrusion of thermoplastics using either dissolved gas or chemical blowing agents to produce foam.

Abstract: Flame-retardant polyurethane products are produced by mixing a basic salt-forming compound with an acidic salt-forming compound containing boron compounds in a polyol and/or a polyisocyanate, then reacting the polyol and polyisocyanate.The flame-retardant polyurethane products may be used for thermal and sound insulation, as a coating agent, as an adhesive, for caulking, for cushioning and for molding useful objects.

Abstract: Polyisocyanurate Rigid Foams having improved fire resistance and smoke emission characteristics can be achieved by employing high isocyanurate index (e.g., at least 500) together with a high relative amount of the polyisocyanurate in the foam formulation. Trimerization catalysts can be employed to prepare the polyisocyanurate foam.

Abstract: Low density flexible molded and slabstock foams are prepared by reacting a polyisocyanate with a polyol composition containing a mono-alcohol. The blowing of the foam is essentially with carbon dioxide generated from the reaction of water with isocyanate, and the reaction catalysts used in the preparation of the foam include a polyisocyanate trimerization catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition comprising a combustible material containing urethane linkages; and as a smoke and toxic gas suppressant, a polyester which has an acid value below 30 mg KOH/g, preferably below 10 mg KOH/g, and which is derived from:Ia.[A] a component which contains 4 carboxyl groups or anhydride thereof, and which is preferably an aromatic component, orIb. a mixture of [A] and [B]:[B] one or more components which contain 2 to 12, preferably 2 to 4, carboxyl groups or 1 to 6, preferably 1 or 2, carboxylic anhydride groups, selected from:[B.sub.1 ] an aliphatic carboxylic acid compnent containing 2-16 carbon atoms; [[B.sub.2 ] a cyclic non-aromatic carboxylic acid containing 7-17 carbon atoms; and[B.sub.3 ] an aromatic carboxylic acid containing 8-16 carbon atoms; andII.

Abstract: A process for producing an unsaturated resin solution suitable for reaction with a catalyst, water, and a gas releasing salt and a gas-release control agent to produce plastic foam material includes providing an initial unsaturated resin solution with a predetermined relatively low acid value, and mixing the initial unsaturated resin solution with a half-ester to raise the acid value to a predetermined higher value.

Abstract: Disclosed is new type of implantable material for replacement of cartilaginous or fibrous tissue. The material has controlled porosity and is biocompatible. A method for making this material is also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed is new type of implantable material for replacement of cartilaginous or fibrous tissue. The material has controlled porosity and is biocompatible. A method for making this material is also disclosed.

Abstract: Internal mold release compositions suitable for use in preparing polyurethane and polyurea moldings comprise a tertiary amine compound, a metal salt of a carboxylic acid, amidocarboxylic acid, phosphorus-containing acid or boron-containing acid. The metal is from Group IA, IB, IIA, or IIB metal or aluminum, chromium, molybdenum, iron, cobalt, nickel, tin, lead, antimony or bismuth.

Abstract: An electrically conductive polyurethane foam product is prepared by the in situ combination of polyurethane-forming reactants and an effective amount of a charge transfer agent selected from the group consisting of tetracyanoethylene (TCNE), picric acid and analogs thereof, for lowering electrical resistance of the foam product to less than 1.times.10.sup.12 ohms. In a preferred embodiment, the conductive foam product is reticulated to a void volume of more than 80% after completion of the foam forming reaction.

Abstract: Ternary polyurethane-polyisocyanurate-polyurea foams having, by weight of the reaction product, 10 to 35 percent polyurethane, 30 to 55 percent isocyanurate and 20 to 45 percent polyurea, and having a light-weight density in the range of 0.5 to 0.9 pounds per cubic foot, overcome the normal fragile nature and friability of polyisocyanurate and polyurea components while rendering the polyurethane component essentially fire resistant. The resultant foam has excellent heat insulating properties, is semi-flexible, extremely light in weight, and can be inexpensively produced by existing two-component foam dispensing equipment.

Abstract: A composite article comprising a body of semi-rigid polyurethane foam in contact with a layer of sheet of polymeric material, the foam having been prepared by reacting an organic polyisocyanate with a polymeric polyol having a hydroxyl number in the range from 20 to 80 and a crosslinking agent or chain extender having a hydroxyl number of at least 250 in the presence of water and a catalytically effective amount of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt of an acid of the formula:R--A--COOHwherein R represents R'OCO--, R'COO-- or R'O--, R' represents an optionally substituted hydrocarbon or heterocyclic radical and A represents an optionally substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 chain.

Abstract: An in situ foamable semi-organic composition, a half ester compound useful in such a composition and a foam prepared by reacting such an adduct are disclosed. A half ester adduct is prepared by reacting an anhydride and an unsaturated conjugated vinyl hydroxy compound and generally has the structureCH.sub.2 .dbd.CR--COO--R'--O--CO--Z--COOHwhere,R=H, CH.sub.3, CN, C.sub.6 H.sub.11 (CYCLOHEXYL), X (X=F, Cl, Br)R'=--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --, --CXR--CXR--, --(CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --).sub.n where n=1,2, . . . 8, andZ=--CH.dbd.CH--, phthalic, trimellitic, .alpha.-naphthoic, .beta.-naphthoic, substituted phthalic anydrides of the structure ##STR1## wherein R"=Cl, F, Br, I, CH.sub.3, CN, CH.sub.3, C.sub.n H.sub.2n+2. The foamable semi-organic composition, in addition to the half ester adduct, includes a fluorocarbon blowing agent and an initiator.

Abstract: Air is mechanically entrained in an aqueous solution of surfactant, polyamine reactant, and low moisture sensitive poly(oxyalkylene) poly(aliphatic isocyanate) prepolymer the poly(oxyalkylene) portion of which contains sufficient oxyethylene units to render the prepolymer water-soluble and hydrophilic, to form a fluid, water-based, air foam which is sprayed or otherwise applied to exposed surface of a substrate, such as a body of hazardous material, the applied foam gelling or increasing in viscosity, due to reaction of the polyisocyanate prepolymer with the polyamine in the presence of the water to form a poly(oxyalkylene) polyurea polymer containing polyurylene-containing segments formed from the reaction, and forming a persistent gelled air foam or viscous air foam in the form of a coating on the exposed surface, thus sealing or otherwise protecting or controlling the substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed are internal mold release agents for the preparation of molded articles using polyisocyanate addition polymerization, which are comprised of:(A) at least one ketimine, aldimine, enamine, cyclic Schiff base or a mixture of at least two of said compounds;(B) at least one metal salt of an organic carboxylic acid having from 8 to 24 carbon atoms; and(C) optionally including at least one carboxylic acid, organic sulphonic acid, mineral acid, or amidosulphonic acid, and their use in preparing molded articles comprised of polyurethane-plastics, polyurea-plastics, polyurethane-polyurea-plastics, polyurethane-polyurea-polyamide-plastics, or polyurea-polyamide-plastics.

Abstract: A storage-stable premix composition for use in a foam-forming reaction with an organic polyisocyanate in the manufacture of a polyurethane or polyisocyanurate foam comprising(a) at least one polyol,(b) at least one halogenated organic blowing agent,(c) at least one amine catalyst, and(d) a stabilizing amount of at least one polyvalent metal-containing organometallic compound.Some organometallic compounds of the invention have a slight catalytic effect but do not have the pronounced activity of conventional urethane and isocyanurate catalysts such as dibutyltin dilaurate and stannous octoate.

Abstract: This invention is an active hydrogen-containing composition comprising(A) a relatively high equivalent weight liquid active hydrogen-containing material or mixture thereof having at least 50% of its active hydrogen containing groups in the form of primary and/or secondary amine groups;(B) a chain extender having an equivalent weight of about 31 to about 250 and about 2 active hydrogen-containing groups per molecule; and(C) from about 1 to about 30 parts, per 100 parts by weight of the composition, of an amide formed by the reaction of a C.sub.2 -C.sub.30 monocarboxylic acid with a relatively high equivalent weight amine-terminated polyether.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a mold release composition which is a solution, liquid at room temperature, of(A) at least one zinc salt of a straight chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic carboxylic acid containing 8 to 24 carbon atoms in(B) at least one organic compound containing nitrogen which is liquid at room temperature, the solution containing the zinc salt in a quantity of about 10 to 75% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.The present invention is additionally directed to an isocyanate reactive mixture containing isocyanate reactive compounds and the above described mold release composition. The present invention is further directed to a process for the preparation of molded products based on the above mixture and to the molded products obtained according to this process.

Abstract: The invention relates to foams for insulating cavities and structures, such as spaces between walls in houses. The inventive foam compositions are prepared in separate portions, generally comprising (A) cement and (B) foam. Air is added initially to foam one of the components or a mixture of components.In a first embodiment, the first component comprises an aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol and a dispersant. This component is mechanically foamed by injection of air, for example. After the mechanical foaming a second, cement component is added to the first component. This second component comprises an aqueous solution, mixture or suspension of magnesium oxide and barium metaborate, and a dispersant.In a second, preferred embodiment, the first component comprises an aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol and calcium chloride, which component is mechanically foamed by injection of air.

Abstract: Polyisocyanurate foams are prepared by reacting together an organic polyisocyanate, a blowing agent, a trimerization catalyst, and a minor amount of a polyol mixture prepared by digesting polyalkylene terephthalate, particularly polyethylene terephthalate, with a polyol, especially a glycol. Laminates of such foams exhibit a high degree of fire resistance, low smoke evolution on combustion, low foam friability and high compressive strength.

Abstract: Rigid polyisocyanurate foams are prepared by (a) bringing together on a continuously advancing conveyor an organic polyisocyanate, a minor amount of a polyester polyol, a blowing agent and, in an organic solvent, a catalyst mixture comprising: (i) a salt of a low molecular weight carboxylic acid selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal salt and an alkaline earth metal salt and mixtures thereof, and (ii) a tertiary amine, the amount of the salt of the low molecular weight carboxylic acid being sufficient and the molecular weight of the carboxylic acid of the salt being sufficiently low to provide a firm foam having a non-friable surface, and (b) foaming the foam-forming mixture.

Abstract: Novel blowing agents for foamable organopolysiloxane compositions, notably the platinum-catalyzed such organopolysiloxane compositions, comprise admixture of calcium carbonate and an organic carboxylic acid.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for producing water-blown, flexible polyurethane foams for improved foam stability and molded water-blown, flexible polyurethane foams that are rapidly demoldable with improved green strength. The process involves the use of certain compounds ("foam modifiers") as hereinafter more specifically defined. The foam modifiers consist of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal ion and an anion of a Bronsted acid having a pKa of greater than 1 (other than: (a) an inorganic alkaline earth metal salt that has a water solubility of less than one gram of salt per 100 milliliters of water at 25.degree. C., (b) alkali metal dihydrogen phosphate and (c) alkali metal sulphate).

Abstract: A process for preparing a slow-burning, low-smoking, high heat-distortion-temperature polyisocyanurate polymer and the polymer produced thereby, which process comprises reacting an MDI prepolymer with a caprolactone polyol in the presence of a trimerization catalyst, wherein the MDI prepolymer is prepared from an MDI having a functionality of about 2.4 or less, and particularly a 2.4 isomer, and with an ethylene-oxide-capped polypropylene oxide polyol, the process providing for the formation of a rigid, high heat-distortion RIM or an open-spray molded part.

Abstract: A thermochromatic polyurethane foam comprising a polyol and a polyisocyanate as main components, and a thermochromic composition serving as a coloring agent and added to the main components singly or conjointly with a usual dye or pigment. The thermochromic composition comprises an electron-donating chromogenic material, an acidic substance and a solvent.

Abstract: Resilient foams based on melamine resins are prepared by foaming an aqueous solution which contains a melamine/formaldehyde precondensate, an emulsifier, a volatile blowing agent and a curing agent and then curing the foam. In this process, from 0.2 to 4% by weight of an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or aluminum salt of an organic, preferably polybasic acid, of a polyphosphoric acid or of a boron acid are added to the aqueous solution.

Abstract: The preparation of isocyanurate foams from a recycled polyethylene terephthalate polyol modified with a polyethoxylated nonylphenol is disclosed. These modified foams exhibit improved fluorocarbon solubility. The foams may be used for building roofing and sheathing applications.

Abstract: The preparation of isocyanurate foams from a recycled polyethylene terephthalate polyol modified with aromatic amino polyols, sucrose polyols, ethoxylated alphamethyl glucosides, alkoxylated glycerine or alkoxylated sorbitol is disclosed. These modified foams exhibit improved fluorocarbon solubility. The foams may be used for building roofing and sheathing applications.