Abstract: New, useful and surprisingly effective polymeric triphenylmethane colorant-containing compositions which exhibit very low color degradation within polyurethane foams. Generally during polyurethane foam production, certain amine-based hydroxyl-group containing catalysts deleteriously attack the nitrogen linking groups within triphenylmethane polymeric colorants. Such compositions require the presence of nominal yet effective amounts of organic cyclic ester materials. The ring systems of such materials appear to open during exposure to heat (during the foaming procedure) and release carboxylic acids into the foaming formulation. The tertiary amines become quenched by the carboxylic acids and thus do not exhibit degradation of the TPM-based chromophore. The resultant foams exhibit substantially uniform color throughout. The processes and resultant foams are also contemplated within this invention.

Abstract: In a process for producing sound-absorbing PUR foams having an adhesive surface by reacting organic and/or modified organic polyisocyanates (a) with a polyetherol mixture (b) and, if desired, further compounds (c) bearing hydrogen atoms which are reactive toward isocyanates, in the presence of water and/or other blowing agents (d), catalysts (e) and, if desired, further auxiliaries and additives (f), the polyetherol mixture (b) comprises b1) at least one bifunctional to eight-functional polyetherol based on ethylene oxide and propylene oxide and having an OH number of from 20 to 80 mg KOH/g and a proportion of primary OH groups of >50%, b2) at least one polyetherol based on ethylene oxide and propylene oxide and/or butylene oxide and a bifunctional to eight-functional initiator and having an OH number of from 20 to 80 mg KOH/g, where the proportion of ethylene oxide in the polyetherol is >30% by weight, in amounts of from 10 to 50 parts by weight, and b3) at least one polyetherol based on propylene o

Abstract: Disclosed is an acrylic sol for a sound insulating underbody coating. It includes acrylic polymer fine particles, a plasticizer, a filler, a plasticizer, a blocking type urethane resin, a curing agent and a foaming agent. Since it includes the acrylic polymer particles as a major constituent unit, it does not generate a hydrogen chloride gas and dioxins when it is burned. Moreover, since the paint film resulting from the acrylic sol has a net-shaped structure by the cross-linkage reactions of the urethane resin, and since the bulkiness of the paint film is increased by the foaming agent, it has a good cold resistance and adhesion property toward automotive steel plates, and effects a superb chipping resistance and sound insulating performance.

Abstract: Elastic polyurethane moldings having a compact surface and a cellular core are produced by reacting a) modified organic polyisocyanates with b) at least one relatively high molecular weight compound containing at least two reactive hydrogen atoms and, if desired, c) low molecular weight chain extenders in the presence of d) blowing agents, e) catalysts and, if desired, f) customary auxiliaries and/or additives in a closed mold with compaction, wherein the modified organic polyisocyanate used is at least one reaction product of pure MDI and at least one polyether alcohol (polyoxyalkylene polyol), the modified organic polyisocyanate having an NCO content of <15% by weight.

Abstract: Microcellular polyurethane elastomer shoe sole components having exceptional physical properties may be prepared from isocyanate-terminated prepolymers derived from polyoxypropylene diols having a molecular weight of from about 2000 Da to 8000 Da, an unsaturation less than about 0.02 meq/g, and a random oxyethylene content of from about 5 to about 15 weight percent. The shoe sole components exhibit high tensile strength, elongation, resilience, and in addition have excellent tear strength, particularly 90° angle tear.

Abstract: In a process for preparing polyisocyanate polyaddition products by reacting isocyanates with compounds which are reactive toward isocyanates, in the presence or absence of blowing agents, catalysts, auxiliaries and/or additives, the reaction is carried out in the presence of (i) particles which have a size of <200 &mgr;m and a melting point in a range from 50 to 300° C., or in the presence of thermoset particles (ii) or in the presence of particles (i) and (ii).

Abstract: A wound dressing has a wound-contact layer formed from a polyurethane foam. The foam comprises one part by weight of the reaction product of an isocyanate-capped prepolymer with water (and optionally other hydroxy-functional compounds), and from 0.03 to 0.3 parts by weight of a natural or synthetic rubber. The isocyanate-capped prepolymer is preferably an isocyanate-capped ethyleneoxy/propyleneoxy copolymer, and the rubber is preferably an acrylic rubber.

Abstract: Foams comprising blends of thermoplastic and thermoset materials wherein the thermoset forms a discontinuous phase in a continuous thermoplastic phase are described. Foams comprising an uncured thermoset and unreacted radiation-activatable curing agent in a thermoplastic matrix are also described. Additionally described are batch and continuous methods for making the foams. Particular uses for the foams, such as flexographic mounting tapes, are also described.

Abstract: Sound-damping and energy-absorbing flexible PUR foams are produced by reacting organic and/or modified organic polyisocyanates (a) with a polyetherol mixture (b) and, if desired, further compounds (c) bearing hydrogen atoms which are reactive toward isocyanates, in the presence of water and/or other blowing agents (d), catalysts (e) and, if desired, further auxiliaries and additives (f).

Abstract: The present invention provides a flexible polyurethane foam having good resistance to wet heat aging and resistance to ozone deterioration and a speaker edge having an excellent waterproofness comprising such a flexible polyurethane foam. As a polyol, a polyol component obtained by mixing a polyester polyol having an excellent compatibility with polyether polyol such as adipate of a long-chain alkylene glycol having at least 5 carbon atoms with a foaming agent, a catalyst, a foam stabilizer, etc. is reacted with a polyisocyanate to obtain a flexible polyurethane foam having good resistance to wet heat aging and resistance to ozone deterioration. Further, the incorporation of a specific aromatic secondary amine compound, a monofunctionally-terminated compound and an ultraviolet absorbent in the foam composition makes it possible to obtain a flexible foam having better resistance to ozone deterioration and weather resistance.

Abstract: An expandable synthetic resin composition capable of providing a synthetic resin foam excellent in both heat distortion resistance and mechanical strength, as well as such a synthetic resin foam, are provided. An expandable synthetic resin composition incorporating a thermoplastic resin, a liquid crystal resin and a heat-decomposable foaming agent, as well as a synthetic resin foam which incorporates a thermoplastic resin and a liquid crystal resin dispersed in the thermoplastic resin and exhibits an expansion ratio of 1.1-50, are provided.

Abstract: New, useful and surprisingly effective polymeric triphenylmethane colorant-containing compositions which exhibit very low color degradation within polyurethane foams. Generally during polyurethane foam production, certain amine-based hydroxyl-group containing catalysts deleteriously attack the nitrogen linking groups within triphenylmethane polymeric colorants. Such compositions require the presence of nominal yet effective amounts of organic cyclic ester materials. The ring systems of such materials appear to open during exposure to heat (during the foaming procedure) and release carboxylic acids into the foaming formulation. The tertiary amines become quenched by the carboxylic acids and thus do not exhibit degradation of the TPM-based chromophore. The resultant foams exhibit substantially uniform color throughout. The processes and resultant foams are also contemplated within this invention.

Abstract: In a process for producing polyurethane foams by reacting isocyanates with compounds having at least two hydrogen atoms which are reactive toward isocyanate groups, the isocyanates used are (cyclo)aliphatic isocyanates and the reaction is carried out in the presence of substances which effect framework formation in the polyurethane foam.

Abstract: A polyurethane molding is composed of at least two different polyurethane materials, namely of a polyurethane gel and a polyurethane foam. The foam and the gel are arranged in layers one above another so that both materials act together as spring or damping element with respect to a load in the transverse direction. These moldings may preferably be used as seat cushions.

Abstract: Process for preparing a flexible foam by reacting a prepolymer having an NCO value of 3-15% by weight, which is the reaction product obtained by reacting an excessive amount of a polyisocyanate with a polyether polyol or a mixture of such polyols, said polyol or mixture having an average nominal hydroxyl functionality of from 2 to 6, an average hydroxyl equivalent weight of from 500 to 5000 and an oxyethylene content of at least 50% by weight, with water, the amount of water being 15-500 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of prepolymer, at the start of the reaction the temperature of the prepolymer being 10-50° C. and the temperature of the water being 10-50° C. higher than the temperature of the prepolymer and a process for preparing a flexible foam by reacting the above prepolymer with water in the presence of a superabsorbent polymer.

Abstract: An isocyanate-based polymer foam comprising an isocyanate-based polymer foam matrix having disposed therein a particulate material having an enthalpy of endothermic phase transition of at least about 50 J/g. A process for producing the foam is also described. During the process, the particulate material acts as a heat sink and will undergo an endothermic phase change by absorbing a significant portion of the heat of reaction liberated during the process. This improves the safety of the process by lowering the maximum exotherm experienced by the foam and/or improves product properties.

Abstract: A method for making an energy-absorbing foam with polyurethane fillers that produces an energy-absorbing foam with properties that are comparable to a foam made without fillers.

Abstract: A position-retaining device comprises a mixture containing a predetermined amount of elastic granules and a water-curable resin having a preselected elasticity after curing sufficient for bonding the elastic granules after curing of the water-curable resin. The mixture forms a mass before curing of the water-curable resin which permits the elastic granules to move one another to shape the mass into a configuration corresponding to the shape of the persons's body or body part when pressure is applied on the mass by the person's body or body part.

Abstract: There is disclosed an elastic member constituted of polyurethane foam obtained by agitationally mixing with water, a urethane prepolymer synthesized from a polyol and a polyisocyanate, characterized by simultaneously employing as polyols, a (A) polymer polyol synthesized from a polyether polyol as a basis, comprising at least 70% by weight of oxypropylene moiety; and a (B) hydrophilic polyether polyol comprising at least 50% by weight of oxyethylene moiety, or simultaneously employing as polyols, the component (A), the component (B) and a (C) polyether polyol comprising at least 70% by weight of oxypropylene moiety. The above elastic member is simultaneously imparted with excellent characteristics such as low hardness, fine cells, low residual compressive strain, high strength and the like. The polyurethane foam which constitutes the elastic member can be produced by free foaming.

Abstract: Process for preparing a flexible foam by reacting a polyisocyanate having a high 4,4′-MDI content and a polyol having a high EO content in the presence of a foaming agent.

Abstract: In a process for preparing polyisocyanate polyaddition products by reacting isocyanates with compounds which are reactive toward isocyanates, in the presence or absence of blowing agents, catalysts, auxiliaries and/or additives, the reaction is carried out in the presence of (i) particles which have a size of <200 &mgr;m and a melting point in a range from 50 to 300° C., or in the presence of thermoset particles (ii) or in the presence of particles (i) and (ii).

Abstract: Urethane molded products for polishing pad comprise two types of cells having different sizes in a urethane molded products formed by mixing and curing an isocyanate-terminated urethane prepolymer and an active hydrogen-containing compound. The molded products may be made by procedure comprising mixing expanded microballoons having a size of 10 to 50 &mgr;m and expanded microballoons having a size of 80 to 100 &mgr;m with the prepolymer and active hydrogen-containing compound and curing the mixture.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for preparing flexible to semi-rigid polyurethane moulded items with compacted edge zones with given hardness and a much more flexible cellular core, so-called integral foams, in which physical blowing agents from the set comprising C6 hydrocarbons are used.

Abstract: A conductive elastomeric foam composite is presented, comprising an elastomer foam and polypyrrole, thiophene, or aniline and derivatives thereof. The foam is manufactured by first diffusing an oxidant into the dense polymer phase of a solvent-swollen foam and then diffusing pyrrole or pyrrole derivative vapor or solution into the dried foam, resulting in an in situ chemical oxidative polymerization of pyrrole at the oxidant site. Only about 5 wt % of conductive polymer is required for observing an insulator to conductor transition. The conductivity of the composite foam can be effectively controlled between 10−7 and 10−1 S/cm by varying either the amount of oxidant used and/or the copolymer composition.

Abstract: The present invention includes new compositions for making polyurethane and polyurethane foam compositions. These compositions comprise the reaction product of an isocyanate A-Side and a B-Side comprising: (i) a polyol having a molecular weight of about 1000 g/mol or more, and having an average functionality of 2.0 or greater; (ii) a polyol having a Tg of about −80° C. or less, and having a molecular weight of about 1000 g/mol or more, and having an average functionality of 2.0 or greater; and(iii) a polyhydric alcohol having a molecular weight of about 90 g/mol or more, and having an average functionality of 3.0 or more. In the case of polyurethane foam compositions, the system also comprises water. The invention also includes processes for making the polyurethane and polyurethane foam compositions, as well as methods of adhering the same to cosmetic layers comprising thermoplastic, acrylic, and gel coat materials. The invention also includes articles made from these reinforced cosmetic layers.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for the formation of and a flexible slabstock polyurethane foam having substantially improved indentation force deflection and resilience characteristics while maintaining the other physical properties. The method comprises the steps of: forming a polyol blend having a nominal functionality of at least 2.3 by combining at least one polyether polyol having a plurality of terminal ethylene oxide caps of from 5 to 25% by weight based on the total weight of the polyether polyol, a molecular weight of greater than or equal to 4000 Daltons, and an unsaturation of greater than 0.04 meq/g KOH; at least one graft polyether polyol having an equivalent weight of greater than 1000 Daltons, a solids content of at least 28%, and a plurality of terminal ethylene oxide caps of from 5 to 25% by weight based on the total weight of the graft polyether polyol; and at least one very low unsaturated polyether polyol having an unsaturation of less than or equal to 0.

Abstract: A conductive quasi-solution useful for making a homogeneously conductive single-phase polyurethane, comprising a transition metal salt, a carrier solution, and a dispersing agent, wherein said conductive quasi-solution has a transition metal salt concentration between 10 and 30% by weight, and methods of making thermoset and thermoplastic polyurethane polymers therewith.

Abstract: An improved cellular plastic material comprises a urethane foam that is the reaction product of soy oil, an isocyanate, and a cross linker. The soy oil replaces the polyol typically generally required in the production of urethanes. Because the replaced polyol is a petrochemical, use of a renewable and environmentally friendly material such as soy oil is most advantageous. Further, plastic materials of many final qualities may be formed using a single vegetable oil. In addition to cellular foams, solid plastic elastomers may be formed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of hollow microspheres filled with a hydrocarbon, to introduce uniform cell geometries in syntactic foams having a bimodal cell structure. The rigid foam product includes from 20 to 80 percent by weight of the hollow microspheres, the microspheres having average diameters ranging from 80 to 200 microns. The microspheres are encapsulated from 80 to 20 percent by weight of a closed cell polyurethane foam, the cells of the foam having average diameters from 0.01 to 60 microns.

Abstract: A process and a device are described for the continuous production of block foam by the foaming of a mixture which reacts to form polyurethane and which contains carbon dioxide dissolved under pressure, wherein the pressure of the reactive mixture is reduced on passing through a pressure reduction zone in the form of an aperture, and blockage of the aperture is prevented by the relative movement of the aperture-delimiting faces with respect to each other.

Abstract: Polymer polyols and polymer-modified polyols having substantially no transition metal content in the polyol continuous phase may be prepared from encapsulative double metal cyanide complex-catalyzed polyoxyalkylene polyether base polyols without substantial removal of double metal cyanide complex catalyst residues from the base polyol and subsequent in situ polymerization of one or more polymerizable monomers.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing an insulation board comprising a rigid polyisocyanurate foam core having two major surfaces and a facing material on at least one of the major surfaces, comprising (a) conveying a facing material along a production line for attachment to one major surface of the core; (b) applying a foam-forming mixture of polyisocyanurate to the facing material such that the mixture is applied along the entire width of the facing material; (c) optionally conveying a second facing material along the production line for attachment to the other major surface of the core; (d) conveying the facing material with applied foam-forming mixture into a laminator which comprises a gap for foam expansion and allowing the mixture to foam and expand to fill the gap within the laminator; and (e) curing the foam. The process provides excellent boardstock thickness control, minimal wasted densification at the foam/facer interface, greater compressive strength and high line speed.

Abstract: Modified or filled rebond polyurethane foam structures having desired plushness and compression without adversely affected tensile strength at a given density as compared to unfilled rebond polyurethane foams are formed from an admixture of shredded or chopped polyurethane foam particles and a finely divided inorganic mineral filler, such as barium sulfate or calcium carbonate or mixtures of these and like mineral fillers, that is further mixed with a substantially non-foam forming liquid prepolymer binder that is free of surfactants in foam-stabilizing amounts. A portion of the polyurethane foam particles, from about 10 to about 60 parts by weight based upon 100 parts by weight, is replaced with filler. For each 100 parts by weight of the combined foam particles and filler, about 10 to about 30 parts by weight of prepolymer is added. After the wetted admixture is compressed to the required density, the prepolymer binder is cured with heat and/or steam.

Abstract: The present invention relates to very fine cell flexible polyurethane foams having at least 87 pores per linear inch (as measured by pressure drop techniques) wherein at least 65% of the isocyanate equivalents of said polyurethane are obtained from MDI. The invention also relates to processes for preparing the very fine cell polyurethane foams.

Abstract: The invention provides a fire retardant composition comprising a dispersion of a solid fire retardant such as melamine, ammonium polyphosphate or guanidine carbonate in a liquid organic polyisocyanate which contains dispersed polymer particles. The preferred content of solid fire retardant is from 10 to 100% by weight and the preferred content of polymer particles is from 2 to 30% by weight. The compositions of the invention are suitable for the preparation of flexible and rigid polyurethane foams.

Abstract: Energy absorbing rigid polyurethane foams have both high energy absorbing efficiency as well as exceptional recovery after deformation, allowing their use in visible energy absorbing structures, particularly in the transportation vehicle industry. The foams are prepared by reaction of one or more di- or polyisocyanates with a polyol component containing both high and low molecular weight polyols, and optionally chain extenders, crosslinkers, and other additives, wherein at least one polyol is a polymer polyol such that the total vinyl polymer solids content of the foam is greater than 15 weight percent.

Abstract: An improved closed cell polymer foam and foaming agent involving the use of a hydrogen-containing halocarbon blowing agent (e.g., HCFC-22) in combination with an effective amount of a hydrogen bond forming blocking agent (e.g., organic ether, ester or ketone). The presence of the blocking agent is shown to significantly reduce the escape of blowing agent from and entry of air into the foam resulting in low thermal conductivity over a longer period of time and improved thermal insulation value. The present invention further relates to compositions comprising a blowing agent and an active hydrogen-containing compound, commonly referred to in the art as B-side compositions or blends, and using such compositions for producing polyurethane and polyisocyanurate foams in which the blowing agent comprises a major proportion of 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134).

Abstract: A polyurethane composition to provide a rigid polyurethane foam suitable for use as a core material in a composite laminate and which polyurethane composition includes an additive compound or oligomer-prepolymer having hydroxy groups for reaction with the diisocyanate of the polyurethane or which has been prereacted with a diisocyanate and which contains after the polyurethane reaction ethylenically unsaturated groups, like allyl or acrylic groups, to react with an unsaturated polyester resin. The invention includes the organic additive oligomer-prepolymer and the hybrid polyester-rigid polyurethane laminates.

Abstract: A conductive quasi-solution useful for making a homogeneously conductive single-phase polyurethane, comprising a transition metal salt, a carrier solution, and a dispersing agent, wherein said conductive quasi-solution has a transition metal salt concentration between 10 and 30% by weight, and methods of making thermoset and thermoplastic polyurethane polymers therewith.

Abstract: In a process for producing polyurethane foams, preferably semirigid polyurethane foams and flexible, semirigid and rigid polyurethane integral foams,a) at least one modified or unmodified organic polyisocyanate is reacted withb) at least one relatively high molecular weight compound containing at least two reactive hydrogens and, if desired,c) low molecular weight chain extenders and/or crosslinkers in the presence ofd) blowing agents, preferably water and/or (cyclo)alkanes,e) a catalyst mixture comprising, according to the invention,e') from 35 to 65 parts by weight of di-n-octyltin bis(2-ethylhexyl thioglycolate) ande") from 65 to 35 parts by weight of mono-n-octyltin tris(2-ethylhexyl thioglycolate) and also, if desired,e'") cocatalysts selected from the group of tertiary amines, alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts of monocarboxylic acids having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms andf) if desired, additives,with the reaction for forming the polyurethane integral foams being carried out in a closed mold with

Abstract: The present invention relates to prepolymers, comprising(a) a polymethylene polyphenylene polyisocyanate; and(b) a polyether polyol having an average hydroxyl equivalent weight of at least about 700;wherein the resulting prepolymer has an average viscosity of between about 400 to about 2000 centipoise at 25.degree. C. The prepolymer is useful, for example, for the production of polyurethane foams and, more particularly, to medium density flexible foams having superior flow characteristic and fast demold times.

Abstract: In a process for producing rigid polyurethane foams by reactinga) polyisocyanatesb) compounds containing at least two hydrogen atoms capable of reacting with isocyanate groups, in the presence ofc) catalysts,d) blowing agents and, if desired,e) further auxiliaries and/or additives,the component b) comprises at least one recycled polyol which is formed by glycolysis of polyurethanes.

Abstract: A method for preparing a flexible or semi-flexible polyurethane foam by reacting an organic polyisocyanate with a polyol in the presence of urethane catalyst, water as a blowing agent, optionally a silicone surfactant, and a cell opening additive characterized in that the cell opening additive comprises an aqueous dispersion of particles comprising a wax substance and optionally an emulsifier, at least 35% of the particles having a size of 0.2 to 5 microns and a melting point which ranges from 0 to 55.degree. C. below the maximum foam exotherm temperature.

Abstract: A method for the production of polyurethane elastomers by reacting an isocyanate epolymer having an isocyanate content of from 5 to 10% by weight which is the reaction product of an excessive amount of a polyisocyanate containing at least 85% by weight of 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate or a variant thereof and a polyether polyol having an average nominal hydroxyl functionality of from 2 to 4, an average hydroxyl equivalent weight of from 500 to 3000, and an oxyethylene content of from 50 to 85% by weight, with an aqueous latex to form a foam, and compressing said foam.

Abstract: A microcellular PU elastomer having improved dynamic-mechanical properties and based on an isocyanate component consisting essentially of 4,4'-MDI and also further customary constituents has, after heating at from 100 to 120.degree. C. for from 8 to 24 hours, a melting range of from 130.degree. C. as the minimum lower limit to 230.degree. C. as a minimum upper limit, measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) at a heating rate of 20.degree. C./min, and a urea content of from 14 to 18% by weight.A process is also provided for preparing such a microcellular PU elastomer having improved dynamic mechanical properties. The microcellular PU elastomers can be used for producing damping elements.

Abstract: A flexible polyurethane foam prepared by reacting polyisocyanate with polyol and/or polymer polyol containing dispersed polymer microparticles obtained by polymerizing an unsaturated compound, water, catalyst, surfactant and, when needed, crosslinking agent and other auxiliary agents, wherein a portion or the whole of the polyol and/or the polymer polyol is prepared in the presence of a compound having a nitrogen-phosphorus double bond as a catalyst, have excellent wet compression set, fatigue by constant-load pounding and dynamic durability.

Abstract: A prepolymer composition for producing polyurethane insulating foams from pressure tanks which consists of a prepolymer component with at least one PU prepolymer with a content of NCO groups of 4 to 20 wt % and usual additives, as well as a propellant component, with a content of 0.01 to 2 wt %, based on the prepolymer component, of polybutadiene.

Abstract: Polyester polyols which contain at least one dihydrazide linkage --C(.dbd.O)--NHNH--C(.dbd.O)-- reduce the incidence of scorching when used as a reactant in the manufacture of polyurethane foam. Also disclosed are compounds of structures (2) and (3):D--HN(--NH--C(.dbd.O)--R--C(.dbd.O)NH).sub.0-1 --NH--D (2)(A--C(.dbd.T)--NH)--.sub.

Abstract: A method for preparing a polyurethane flexible foam by reacting an organic polyisocyanate with a polyol in the presence of urethane catalyst, water as a blowing agent, optionally a silicone surfactant, and a cell opener characterized in that the cell opener comprises the reaction product of a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl group-containing organic acid anhydride and 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate, optionally reacted in the presence of a tertiary amine urethane catalyst.

Abstract: Use of a mixture of at least two different polyoxyethylene polyether monols to solubilise hydrocarbon blowing agents in polyol compositions for rigid polyurethane foams.