Abstract: The invention pertains to flame retardant flexible polyurethane foams resistant to cigarette smoldering after being subjected to flex fatigue prepared by reacting a polyether polyol, an organic isocyanate, and a blowing agent incorporating melamine in an amount ranging from about 5 weight percent to about 25 weight percent.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for providing a flexible flame retardant polyether polyurethane foam prepared from foam forming components of a polyether polyol, an organic isocyanate compound, water, a liquid phosphorus ester in an amount of about 4 to 10 parts by weight and melamine in an amount of 1 to 5 parts by weight, each based on 100 parts by weight of the polyether polyol in the composition. Between 15 and 500 percent by weight melamine is used to replace a minor portion of the amount of ester (i.e., less than half) which would normally be used to achieve substantially the same degree of flame retardance in the foam.

Abstract: Lactones and lactams are utilized in the preparation of urethane modified prepolymers based on diphenylmethane diisocyanate, uretonimine-modified diphenylmethane diisocyanate. The prepolymers are then employed to prepare microcellular foams suitable for shoe soles and cast polyurethane products.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for coloring polyurethane resins during the production of same with reactive colorants derived from novel polyalkoxytrifluoroaniline intermediates. These colorants impart increased brightness in shade for both aromatic and heteroaromatic derivatives and increased resistance to stannous octanoate catalyst over conventional polymeric colorants derived for heteroaromatic compounds. These novel colorants have the structure: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is selected from H, a lower alkyl group containing from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, CH.sub.2 Cl, CH.sub.2 OH, phenyl or ##STR2## where R.sub.6 is H or a lower alkyl group containing from 1 to about 9 carbon atoms; R.sub.2 is selected from OH, NH.sub.2 or SH; R.sub.3 is selected from a lower alkyl group containing from 1 to about 9 carbon atoms, cyanoalkyl, acetoxyalkyl or ##STR3## where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are as given above; R.sub.4 is H, CF.sub.

Abstract: The invention pertains to flame retardant polyurethane foams prepared by the reaction of a polyoxyalkylene polyether polyol with an organic polyisocyanate and a blowing agent wherein melamine is incorporated as the sole flame retardant compound. The amount of melamine may range from about 10 weight percent to about 55 weight percent of the total composition.

Abstract: Thermoformable rigid foams are made by reacting an organic polyisocyanate with a polyol component. The polyol component includes at least one organic polyhydroxyl compound having a hydroxyl number of from 28 to 1200, a foaming agent, a catalyst and a compound which masks isocyanate groups. Preferred isocyanate masking compounds are .epsilon.-caprolactam and nonyl phenol. The foam thus obtained may then be molded and crosslinked by heating it to a temperature of from 150.degree. to 190.degree. C. These foams are particularly useful as interior trim for motor vehicles.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a process by preparing a rigid polyurethane foam which comprise reacting a polyisocyanate with a polyol in the presence of a blowing agent, a polymerization catalyst and a surfactant.

Abstract: This invention is an improvement in a process for preparing a molded rigid polyurethane or polyurethane-polyurea foam wherein a polyol having an average of at least 3 hydroxyl groups per molecule is reacted with a polyisocyanate in a mold in the presence of a blowing agent under conditions such that a rigid polyurethane or polyurethane-polyurea foam is formed. The improvement comprises employing as all or a portion of said polyol an aminoalkylpiperazine-initiated polyol having an equivalent weight from about 87 to about 500, said aminoalkylpiperazine-initiated polyol being employed in an amount sufficient to increase the cure rate of the foam relative to a similar foam prepared in the absence of the aminoalkylpiperazine-initiated polyol. Excellent flowability k-factors and rapid cures are obtained according to the invention.

Abstract: A process for preparing a poly(alkylene amido-ether) polyols by reaction of a bicyclic amide acetal with a polyol at a temperature in the range of from 140.degree.-240.degree. C. and the use of these poly(alkylene amidoether) polyols in the formation of polyurethanes are described.

Abstract: Amine catalysts useful for producing polyurethane foams coated with skin by reaction of an organic polyisocyanate with a polyol. The catalysts comprise 4-methyl-1-(2-hydroxyalkyl)-piperazine, and emit no bad odor, give excellent moldability and are free from deterioration of skin and discoloration of covering materials.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to polyurethane compositions containing triazine or both triazine and oxazoline or imino carbamate groups which are prepared by reacting:1.(a) at least one alkoxylated hydroxy aromatic oligomer containing at least one triazine group, or(b) at least one alkoxylated hydroxy aromatic oligomer containing at least one triazine group and at least one oxazoline group, or(c) at least one alkoxylated hydroxy aromatic oligomer containing at least one triazine group and at least one imino carbamate group, or(d) at least one alkoxylated hydroxy aromatic oligomer containing at least one triazine group and at least one other N-heterocyclic group, or(e) a mixture of the above and2. at least one material having more than one isocyanate group per moleculewherein the components are employed in proportions which provide a ratio of isocyanate groups to hydroxy groups of from about 0.05:1.0 to about 10.0:1.0, preferably from about 0.95:1.0 to about 1.5:1.0.

Abstract: The invention relates to s-triazine radical-containing polyether polyol mixtures having functionalities of from 2 to 6 and hydroxyl numbers of from 210 to 640, prepared by the oxyalkylation of a mixture of one or more polyamino-1,3,5-triazines, preferably melamine, and an alkanol having a hydroxyl functionality of from 2 to 6 and having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, water, or their mixtures, in the absence of catalysts and conventional inert polar solvents. The resulting polyether polyol mixtures are suitable for the preparation of rigid polyurethane, polyisocyanurate, and urethane group-containing polyisocyanuate foams produced by means of the polyisocyanate polyaddition process.

Abstract: A reactive fire retardant mixture useful in the preparation of polyurethane foams. The mixture contains a halogenated imide-containing polyol having the formula: ##STR1## and the corresponding ether having the formula: ##STR2## wherein R is a hydrocarbon group having the valance n+2 and is selected from the group consisting of benzene groups, naphthalene groups and alicyclic hydrocarbon groups containing 5 to 10 carbon atoms, R' is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing 3-12 carbon atoms, X is selected from the group consisting of bromine and chlorine, n is an integer from 1-6 and p is an integer from 2-6. They are prepared by reacting an alcohol (e.g. isopropyl alcohol), a halogenated dicarboxylic anhydride (e.g. tetrabromophthalic anhydride) and an aminopolyol (e.g. 2-amino-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol).

Abstract: Methods of producing high molecular weight polyamide-imide foams having superior flame resistance and the foam products produced thereby. Initially, an imidocarboxylic acid is prepared by reacting a suitable oxoimine with a suitable cyclic dianhydride at a temperature of from about 25.degree. to 250.degree. C. in the presence of a solvent or by melt condensation without a solvent. The ratio of oxoimine to dianhydride may be varied to vary the number of imido groups in the final monomer. The imidocarboxylic acid monomer is reacted with an organic isocyanate in the presence of a suitable tertiary diamine catalyst and water to produce the polyamide-imide foam. The material foams spontaneously at room temperature. The reaction may be accelerated by heat or the addition of suitable metal salts. Additives, such as surfactants, flame retardants, fillers, etc., may be added if desired.

Abstract: The use of liquid oxazolines as compatibilizing agents in the preparation of rigid polyurethane/polyisocyanurate foams from certain polyol mixtures, polyisocyanates and fluorocarbon blowing agent is disclosed.

Abstract: A polyol comprising an alkoxylated modified resole, said modified resole being formed by the reaction of(i) a phenolic compound and/or mixtures of homologues thereof,(ii) urea and/or melamine,(iii) an organic primary and/or secondary amine group-containing compound, and(iv) an aldehyde.

Abstract: A process for preparing novel interpolymers from mixtures of a bicyclic amide acetal, an oxazoline and a polyisocyanate and the novel polymers produced are described.

Abstract: A polymer polyol made by the reaction of an alkylene oxide adduct of a hydroxyl-containing amine, a polyether polyol of about 3000 to 8000 molecular weight and an organic polyisocyanate is disclosed. This polymer polyol may be used in the manufacture of flexible polyurethane foams. The polymer polyols are more stable than those made by other procedures.

Abstract: The invention relates to storage-stable tris(hydroxyalkyl)isocyanurate polyol dispersions containing(a) from 2 to 70 parts by weight tris(hydroxyalkyl)isocyanurate,(b) from 98 to 30 parts by weight of at least one polyol having a functionality of from 2 to 8 and a hydroxyl number from 20 to 1800, and(c) from 0 to 20 parts by weight of one or more dispersion stabilizers.The dispersions are prepared by dissolving starting components A and B at temperatures in excess of 100.degree. C., in some cases adding a dispersion stabilizer and/or crystallization accelerator, with continuous and step-wise cooling of the mixture while stirring. The products are utilized for the preparation of polyurethane plastics, in particular polyisocyanurate foams containing polyurethane or polyurethane groups.

Abstract: A process for the production of an optionally cellular polyurethane by reacting at least one compound having at least two hydrogen atoms which are reactive with isocyanate groups and have a molecular weight of from about 400 to 10,000 with polyisocyanates in the presence of a poly(dialkylaminoalkyl)ether catalyst corresponding to the formula ##STR1## wherein A represents a straight-chain or branched-chain (x+1)-valent, optionally substituted C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkyl radical,x represents an integer of 1 to 4 andR.sup.1 -R.sup.4 represent the same or different C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl radicals, which optionally form a heterocyclic radical with N.

Abstract: A polycarboxylic acid alkyl or aryl ester corresponding to the formula ##STR1## is reacted with a dialkanolamine corresponding to the formulaHN--A--OH).sub.2at a temperature from 50.degree. to 200.degree. C. The alcohol ROH formed during this reaction is removed from the reaction mixture and the product recovered corresponds to the formula ##STR2## in which the radicals n, X, A and R are as defined herein. The thus-produced poly-N,N-hydroxyalkylamides are particularly useful as cell-opening materials in the production of elastic polyurethane foams.

Abstract: Reaction injection moldings (RIM) having increased heat resistance are provided by employing a thiapolycyclic polyahl such as dimethyl-9-thiabicyclononane diamine as a chain extender in an otherwise conventional RIM formulation.

Abstract: Polyisocyanurate foams are prepared from reacting partially etherified methylolmelamines either alone or in mixture with polyoxyalkylene polyether polyols with polyisocyanates. Improved friability and flame retardancy are obtained.

Abstract: Polyoxyalkylene polyether polyols are stabilized against oxidative degradation by incorporating therein a synergistic stabilizing composition containing (1) a mixture of butylated phenols consisting of 2-tertiary butyl phenol, 3,5-ditertiary butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate and 1,6-hexamethylene bis(3,5-ditertiary-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate) or tetrakis [methylene(3,5-ditertiary butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate)] methane (2) a p,p'-dialkyldiphenylamine such as p,p'-dioctyldiphenylamine and (3) a phenothiazine compound. Polyurethane foams are stabilized against scorching when the stabilized polyols are utilized in the foam preparation or the stabilizing composition is added with other reactants.

Abstract: A foam composition obtained by first forming a pre-blend reaction product by reacting about 200 to about 250 parts by weight melamine with about 20 to about 100 parts by weight phenolic resin having benzylic ether linkages in the presence of a catalyst and further reacting said pre-blend reaction product with about 20 to about 100 parts by weight isocyanate and about 20 parts by weight polyethylene glycol. Such foams are essentially non-burning under fire conditions and exhibit excellent compression strength characteristics while being virtually non-firable.

Abstract: An isocyanurate thermosetting foam composition having improved flame, smoke and nonburning properties with high char resistance, which foam composition is prepared by the reaction of from about 5 to 40 parts of a methoxy polyethylene glycol and optionally with melamine, with 100 parts of a methylene diisocyanate having an average functionality of about 2.4 or less in the presence of a blowing agent, a surfactant and a single trimerization catalyst, to provide a closed-cell, thermosetting, modified polyisocyanurate foam having a flame-spread value of about 15 or less.

Abstract: Improved rigid urethane and isocyanurate foam compositions having improved fire resistance are described. The urethane foams are based on furan compositions having the formula: ##STR1## and from about 100% to about 500% of a stoichiometric amount of a reactive polyisocyanate to produce a foamable composition, and sufficient blowing agent to create a foam having a density from about 1.5 to about 5 pounds per cubic foot. The product has improved fire resistence. The disclosure also described the method of decreasing the flame hazard potential of a rigid foam by adding two urethane or isocyanurate foaming ingredients the appropriate amount of one or more of the compositions listed above. The polymers described are chiefly made from adding propelyne oxide to bis (hydroxymethyl) furan.

Abstract: A polyester-melamine-isocyanurate thermosetting foam composition having improved flame, smoke and nonburning properties with good compressive strength, which foam composition is prepared by the admixture of a saturated polyester resin, a flame-retardant amount of melamine, a methylene diisocyanate, in the presence of a silicone-glycol surfactant, a fluorocarbon blowing agent and a trimerization catalyst to provide a closed-cell thermosetting foam.

Abstract: A flame-retardant, rigid, thermosetting foam product is prepared by reacting, in the presence of a blowing agent and a catalyst, particularly an organic metal catalyst, a furfural alcohol polymer, a phenol-formaldehyde resin, a melamine and methylene diphenyl isocyanate, which reaction provides for a rigid foam characterized by low friability and good heat- and flame-resistant properties.

Abstract: Dyestuff preparations which are capable of flow and contain (a) at least one dyestuff which is sparingly soluble or insoluble in water, (b) at least one polyester of phthalic acid and a polyalcohol and optionally a monohydric alcohol with 1-18 C atoms and (c) optionally further auxiliaries, and their use for dyeing plastics, in particular polyurethane plastics.

Abstract: Polyurethane foams having improved physical properties are prepared by reacting a polyisocyanate and polyol in the presence of a melamine polyol which contains no polyether linkages and a foaming agent.

Abstract: Polyurethane foams prepared with chlorinated oligomeric phosphate ester or tris(dichloropropyl) phosphate flame retardants have low scorch and surface discoloration by addition of a mixture of phenothiazine and 4,4'-thio-bis(6-tertiary butyl meta cresol).

Abstract: Novel, finely divided, redispersible dispersions of high melting polyesters in low melting polyhydroxyl compounds are disclosed. Disclosed also is a process for their preparation and their use as polyol components containing fillers in the production of cellular or non-cellular polyurethanes.

Abstract: Flexible, resilient, polyurethane foam having improved flame retardancy and intumescent properties is prepared from a reaction mixture comprising a polyester polyol, an organic polyisocyanate, a blowing agent, a surfactant, a catalyst, a melamine derivative wherein one or more hydrogens have been replaced by a methylol and/or lower alkoxymethyl group, a flame retardant, and hydrated alumina. In a preferred embodiment, the hydrated alumina is predispersed in a mixture comprising the melamine derivative, the flame retardant, and a low-viscosity linear polyester polyol.

Abstract: A polyurea polymer polyol made by the reaction of a hydroxyl-containing amine, a polyether polyol of about 3,000 to 8,000 molecular weight and an organic polyisocyanate is disclosed. This polyurea polymer polyol may be used in the manufacture of flexible polyurethane foams which are firmer and stronger than similar products using conventional polyols.

Abstract: Stable melamine-polyoxyalkylene polyether polyol dispersions are prepared by the in situ reduction of melamine particles wherein 90 percent of the melamine particles have a particle size of less than 10 microns. Stabilizers for the melamine-polyol dispersion are selected from the group consisting of(a) silicic acids and silicates,(b) salts of perfluorinated alkyl carboxylic acids having 4 to 20 carbon atoms, salts of alkyl sulfonic acids and perfluorinated alkylsulfonic acids having 4 to 20 carbon atoms and polyperfluoroether polyols having molecular weights of 300 to 6000, and(c) salts of fatty alcohol sulfates having 6 to 30 carbon atoms.These dispersions are useful for the preparation of polyurethane foams.

Abstract: A process is provided for coloring thermosetting resins, made by polyaddition reaction of a nucleophile with an electrophile, with a polymeric liquid reactive coloring agent suitable for incorporation in the resin with the formation of covalent bonds, said coloring agent having the formula:R-(polymeric constituent-X).sub.nwherein R is an organic dyestuff radical; the polymeric constituent is selected from polyalkylene oxides and copolymers of polyalkylene oxides in which the alkylene moiety of the polymeric constituent contains 2 or more carbon atoms and such polyeric constituent has a molecular weight of from about 44 to about 1500; and n is an integer of from 1 to about 6; and X is selected from --OH, --NH.sub.2 and --SH, said coloring agent being added in an amount sufficient to provide coloration of said thermosetting resin.

Abstract: Cross-linked polyurethanes such as solid elastomeric polyurethanes or microcellular polyurethanes are prepared by reacting a polyisocyanate, one or more polyols and at least one trihydroxy compound in the presence of a catalyst using, as the hydroxyl compounds a low molecular weight diol, optionally a polymeric polyol and tris-(.beta.-hydroxypropyl)-isocyanaurate or ethoxylated tris-(.beta.-hydroxypropyl)-isocyanurate all present in specific ranges of proportions. Use of the specific isocyanurates provides for better utilization and smaller quantities of the blowing agent used to make microcellular polyurethane foams.

Abstract: The invention relates to new polyamines, preferably containing polyether segments, a process for their preparation and their use as starting components for the production of polyurethane resins. The process involves producing ketimines, aldimines or enamines containing hydroxyl groups by reacting a hydroxyl amine with an aldehyde or ketone and removing the water by product. The ketimine, aldimine, or enamine is then reacted with an NCO prepolymer wherein the hydroxyl group of the material reacts with the isocyanate group without disturbing the blocked amine. This polyaddition product is then hydrolyzed to unblock the high molecular weight polyamine.

Abstract: Polyols produced by the reaction of an N-.alpha.-alkylol compound and at least one hydroxyl-containing compound are disclosed. These polyols are particularly suitable for use in the production of polyurethane foams.

Abstract: Flame retarded polyurethane foams are prepared from a reaction mixture comprising as the flame retardant additive the compound N,N'-bis(1-hydroxy-2,2,2-trichloroethyl)melamine or its derivatives.

Abstract: This invention relates to mixtures of formose, aminoplast monomers and optionally water and/or crystalline mono or disaccharides. The mixtures are relatively low viscosity liquids at room temperature. The invention also relates to the use of such mixtures for the production of polyurethane resins, in particular foam resins.

Abstract: Flame retarded polyurethane foams are prepared from a reaction mixture comprising as the flame retardant additive a compound containing 2,2,2-trichloroethyl group.

Abstract: Flexible polyurethane foam having reduced tendency to form burning embers when it is ignited and burned is provided by incorporating into the reaction mixture before foaming a derivative of melamine wherein one or more hydrogens have been replaced by hydroxymethyl and/or lower alkoxymethyl groups.In one embodiment, flexible polyurethane foams of increased flame retardance are also provided, by also incorporating a halogenated phosphorus ester into the reaction mixture before foaming.

Abstract: A process for producing a flame resistant polyurethane foam by reacting a reaction mixture comprising a polyetherpolyol or a polyesterpolyol having an active hydrogen atom, a polyisocyanate, water and/or a volatile foaming agent, and a catalyst, in which a specific amine compound shown by the general formula as defined hereinafter in the specification is added to the reaction system, and also the flame resistant polyurethane foam produced by the process.

Abstract: In the disclosed process of producing resilient open-celled, cross-linked polyurethane foams, by foaming polyol, a polyisocyanate, catalyst and blowing agent, the foaming is effected in the presence of a cross-linker which is a saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, heteroaliphatic or arylaliphatic crystalline polyhydroxy compound having at least three hydroxy groups. The crystalline polyhydroxy compound is insoluble or only slightly soluble in the polyl to be foamed and melts within the temperature range of about 60 - 160.degree. C. The amount of crystalline polyhydroxy compound to be used corresponds to about 0.1 - 5.0 hydroxy equivalent weights per 1 hydroxy equivalent weight of the polyol to be foamed. Additionally, a compound that breaks down the association of water molecules can be added.

Abstract: A process for producing a flame resistant rigid polyurethane foam by reacting a reaction mixture comprising a polyetherpolyol and/or a polyesterpolyol having an active hydrogen atom, a polyisocyanate, water and/or a volatile foaming agent and an emulsifying agent, in which a specific amine compound shown by the general formula as defined hereinafter in the specification is added to the reaction system, the weight ratio of amine compound to polyetherpolyol and/or polyesterpolyol being from 70:30 to 30:70, and also the flame resistant rigid polyurethane foam produced by the process.