Abstract: Hybrid copolymers are prepared by at least partially filling the macropores of a macroreticular copolymer with a guest crosslinked copolymer of either the same monomers or a copolymer of different type monomers. The hybrid copolymers can be readily converted into ion exchange resins. Such resins have markedly improved physical and chemical properties, including improved ion exchange properties.

Abstract: This invention relates to nitrogenous vinylbenzyl and bis-(vinylbenzyl) compounds for use in the preparation of polymers, especially ion exchange resins, and to processes for the preparation of the monomers and polymers. More particularly, it relates to the preparation, polymerization, and use of the new nitrogenous compounds as crosslinking agents and/or function-introducing agents.

Abstract: The invention relates to preparation of synthetic macroporous ion-exchanaging materials by a ternary copolymerization of hydrophilic monomers containing non-ionogenous groups with monomers containing ionogenous groups and cross-linking monomers in an aqueous dispersion in the presence of inert components and suspension stabilizers. Hydroxyalkyl, oligoglycol and polyglycol esters and N-substituted or unsubstituted amides of acrylic and methacrylic acid are used as the hydrophilic monomers; compounds CH.sub.2 .dbd.C(R)COX, where R = H or CH.sub.3, X = --OR.sub.1 N(R.sub.2)R.sub.3, --OR.sub.1 SO.sub.3 H, --NHR.sub.1 N(R.sub.2)R.sub.3 or --HNR.sub.1 SO.sub.3 H, R.sub.1 = alkylene and R.sub.2 and R.sub.

Abstract: A fluorinated copolymer having 1 to 50 mole % of a component having functional group of carboxylic acid group or a group which can be converted to carboxylic acid group, is produced by copolymerizing a fluorinated ethylenic unsaturated monomer and a functional monomer having the functional group in the presence of a polymerization initiator source in an aqueous medium under the pressure of higher than 7 kg/cm.sup.2 whereby the copolymer having high molecular weight (T.sub.Q of higher than 150.degree. C.) and an ion exchange capacity of 0.5 to 4 meq/g dry polymer is produced.

Abstract: This invention relates to vinylbenzyl and crosslinking bis-(vinylbenzyl) monomers for use in the preparation of polymers, especially ion exchange resins, and to methods for the preparation of the monomers and polymers. It is particularly concerned with the preparation, polymerization, and use of new nitrogenous monomers as crosslinking agents and/or function-introducing agents.

Abstract: A process for the production of a particulate ion exchange material which comprises heating an inorganic material to produce a porous inert inorganic substrate, adsorbing an organic monomer into the substrate and polymerizing the adsorbed monomer so that the resultant polymer is retained within the pores of the substrate, and, if necessary, introducing ion exchange functional groups into the polymer.

Abstract: Novel crosslinked ion exchange resins derived from dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate are disclosed together with their process of manufacture by suspension polymerization preferably utilizing a trialkylamine phase extender. Trialkylamines are found to be useful generally as phase extenders for the preparation of other polymeric materials by the known methods of suspension polymerization.

Abstract: A process of polymerizing a monomer mixture containing from 3 to 100% of amines containing two or more allyl groups which method comprises reacting a solution of the monomer mixture in a concentrated mineral acid in the presence of a polymerization initiator and isolating the polymer salt so formed.

Abstract: A process for producing carboxyl cationites which comprises dissolution of comonomers such as methacrylic or acrylic acid and a vinyl-containing amide such as hexahydro-1,3,5-triacryloyltriazine, N, N'-methylenediacrylamide, N, N'-ethylenedimethacrylamide or N, N'-hexamethylenedimethacrylamide as well as an initiator of radical polymerization in a 5-50% acetic acid. Weight ratio between the unsaturated carboxylic acid and vinyl-containing amide is varied from 3:1 to 12:1; concentration of said comonomers in a 5-50% acetic acid is varied within the range of from 10 to 30%. The resulting reaction mixture is dispersed in polyethylsiloxane or polymethylphenylsiloxane liquid at a weight ratio between the reaction mixture and said silicone liquid ranging from 1:3 to 1:5 respectively. Thereafter, copolymerization is effected in a suspension at a temperature ranging from 20.degree. to 100.degree. C.

Abstract: The phosphonated fluorotelomers of this invention are, or can easily be made to be, hydrophilic. When blended with inert fibrous materials they can be used to make diaphragms for electrolytic cells, particularly for chlor-alkali cells used in the production of chlorine, hydrogen and sodium hydroxide from brine. Ion-exchange membranes can also be made from these fluorotelomers. The fluorotelomers can be made by using free radical phosphonyl esters to terminate the polymerization of the selected fluorocarbons.

Abstract: Anion exchange resins containing borohydride counter ions display essentially the same chemical activity as solutions of sodium borohydride but have the added advantage that products treated therewith are not contaminated with sodium ions or borate ions. Thus, alcohols can now be freed of carbonyl components without thereby being contaminated with borate; metal ions, such as silver, can be reduced to the free element; metal ions of groups IV-A to VI-A can be converted to volatile metal hydrides; and transition metal ions can be converted to the boride. The anion exchange resin is prepared by treating a strong base anion exchanger with aqueous sodium borohydride or sodium cyanoborohydride. Regeneration of the borohydride form from the borate proceeds directly with aqueous sodium borohydride.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved hydraulically impermeable cation exchange membrane for an electrolytic cell and a method for the preparation of such a membrane using a copolymeric substrate and applying to the surface thereof by means of plasma polymerization, a very thin top coating of a second polymeric material to drastically reduce the permeability of the substrate material with a minimal effect upon the bulk properties of the resultant membrane. Such top coatings may be applied over the basic substrate or over surface treated substrates to enhance the chemical resistivity of the membrane to chemical breakdown occasioned by the electrolyte within the electrolytic cell.