Abstract: Use of a phosphorus compound of the formula (I) as flame retardant, where the definitions of the symbols in the formula (I) are as follows: A is one of the following groups: Y is —P(?X2)SR3R4, H, a straight-chain or branched C1-C12-alkyl group, C5-C6-cycloalkyl, C6-C12-aryl, or benzyl, where the four last-mentioned groups are unsubstituted or have substitution by one or more radicals from the group of C1-C4-alkyl or C1-C4-alkenyl; R1, R2, R3, and R4 are identical or different and are hydrogen, OH, C1-C16-alkyl, C1-C16-alkenyl, C1-C16-alkoxy, C1-C16-alkenoxy, C3-C10-cycloalkyl, C3-C10-cycloalkoxy, C6-C10-aryl, C6-C10-aryloxy, C6-C10-aryl-C1-C16-alkyl, C6-C10-aryl-C1-C16-alkoxy, SR9 COR10, COOR11, CONR12R13 or two radicals R1, R2, R3, or R4 form, together with the phosphorus atom to which they are bonded, or the P—O-A-O—P group, a ring system; R5, R6, R7, and R8 are identical or different and are H, C1-C16-alkyl, C1-C16-alkenyl, C1-C16-alkoxy, C1-C16-alkenoxy; R9, R10, R11, R12, R13 are identical or

Abstract: A process for the preparation of thermoplastic auxetic foams comprising the steps of: a) taking conventional thermoplastic foam; b) subjecting said foam to at least one process cycle wherein the foam is biaxially compressed and heated; c) optionally subjecting the foam to at least one process cycle wherein the biaxial compression is removed and the foam mechanically agitated prior to reapplying biaxial compression and heating; d) cooling said foam to a temperature below the softening temperature of said foam; and e) removing said compression and heat.

Abstract: A hydrophilic vinylidene fluoride resin composition, comprising: porous vinylidene fluoride polymer particles and a hydrophilic polymer having a weight-average molecular weight of at least 2×105 contained in the pores of the porous vinylidene fluoride polymer particles. The composition is preferably obtained by subjecting a slurry containing porous vinylidene fluoride polymer particles after suspension polymerization to an appropriate degree of heat treatment for adjusting the amount of residual polymerization initiator, then impregnating the Polymer particles with a hydrophilic monomer and polymerizing the monomer. The thus-obtained vinylidene fluoride resin composition exhibits persistent hydrophilicity and good processability.

Abstract: Open-cell foam based on a melamine-formaldehyde condensation product, a polyurethane or a polyimide, which has been modified with hydrophobins, a method of producing such foams, and the use thereof for absorbing organic liquids, as leakage and bleeding protection for liquid stores, for liquid-liquid separation and as matrix for carrying out chemical and/or biological processes.

Abstract: An adhesive composition for use in the manufacture of wood-based boards, wherein the adhesive composition is foamable and comprises a resin, a filler and a foaming agent without any cationic acrylamide copolymer. According to the invention, the adhesive composition contains 40-80 wt % resin, 5-30 wt % filler, 0-40 wt % solvent, and 0.1-10 wt % foaming agent, which has been selected from organic and/or inorganic surface-active sulfate, sulfonate, phosphate or phosphonate compounds or their derivatives or mixtures.

Abstract: A friction material including: an amorphous resin that has a chain-like polymer structure; and other components that constitute the friction material and that are components other than the amorphous resin, wherein dispersion treatment is preliminarily carried out in which the amorphous resin is dispersed in at least one of the other components, and a manufacturing method of the friction material.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polymer derived from polyamic acid or a polyimide. The polymer derived from polyamic acid or a polyimide includes picopores, and the polyamic acid and the polyimide include a repeating unit obtained from an aromatic diamine including at least one ortho-positioned functional group with respect to an amine group and a dianhydride.

Abstract: Aqueous cold-cure flexible foam siloxane formulations for use in the production of highly elastic cold-cure flexible polyurethane foams or for use in the production of cold-cure flexible foam activator solutions for highly elastic cold-cure polyurethane foams.

Abstract: An aluminum chelating agent-based latent curing agent is provided that can rapidly cure thermosetting epoxy resins at relatively low temperatures. A method for producing the aluminum chelating agent-based latent curing agent is also provided that enables relatively facile control of the curing conditions therefor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of different-sized polymeric microparticles in hydraulically setting building material mixtures for the purpose of enhancing their frost resistance and cyclical freeze/thaw durability.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hydrogel contact lens having improved wettability, and particularly to a hydrogel contact lens of a complex membrane having an IPN (interpenetrating polymer network) intra structure, which is prepared by crosslinking composition for a contact lens comprising, as a main ingredient, an acryl monomer and an oligosaccharide and optionally a silicone compound. Due to the presence of an oligosaccharide in a contact lens herein, tensile strength and wettability can be maximized to provide a superior wearing feeling and maintain wettability even after a long-term storage in a care solution such as a washing solution, a storage solution and a protein-removing solution.

Abstract: A shape-changing structural member has a shape-changing material, such as a suitable foam material, for example a polymer foam capable of withstanding at least 300% strain or a metal alloy foam capable of withstanding at least 5% strain. Springs, such as one or more coil springs, provide structural support for the shape-changing material. The springs may also be used to provide forces to expand and contract the shape change material. The springs may include pairs of concentric springs, one inside of another. The concentric springs may surround an underlying skeleton structure that supports the shape-changing material and/or aids in changing the shape of the material. The concentric springs may or may not be wrapped around the underlying skeleton structure. Multiple springs or pairs of springs may be coupled together using a sheet metal connector.

Abstract: Provided are urethane foam: which heightens toner charge amount (Q/M); by which toner is sufficiently absorbed in the surface layer of a toner-conveying roller to give a sufficient toner conveying ability; and by which a good image can be obtained with a low cost, and a toner-conveying roller using the same. Also provided are urethane foam in which substrate urethane foam is impregnated with one or more powders selected from the group consisting of silicone powder and silica powder, and a toner-conveying roller using the same. Preferred are urethane foam wherein said powder is bound with said substrate urethane foam via a binder, and a toner-conveying roller using the same.

Abstract: Filling foam composition capable of providing excellent rustproofing and also suppressing reduction of a foam ratio of the filling foam composition even when reusing unwanted parts thereof and inferior goods thereof; a foam filling member using the same filling foam composition; and a filling foam produced by foaming the filling foam composition. The filling foam composition is prepared by mixing foamable polymer, a foaming agent, and a basic oxide in such a mixing ratio that a ratio of the basic oxide can be in the range of 0.05-70 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of foaming agent. The mounting member for the filling foam composition to be mounted in an internal space of a hollow member is produced by mounting a mounting member on the filling foam composition obtained. The filling foam is formed by fitting the foam filling member in the internal space of the hollow member and, then, foaming the filling foam composition by the application of heat.

Abstract: Fabric conditioner dispensers capable of being maintained with one hand.

Abstract: A cushion element for a vehicle seat has fibers and foam particles bound by a binder. A precursor material for the cushion element is made by independently adding the fibers and the foam particles together with the binder. The addition and ratio of the fibers and foam particles may depend on their location in the cushion element, and may be influenced by electrostatic discharge means.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a foamed rubber member which has low hardness and excellent durability. The foamed rubber member of the invention, produced through an impregnation treatment of a foamed elastic body with a treatment liquid containing an isocyanate compound and an organic solvent, the foamed elastic body being produced by foaming a base rubber, exhibits a compression set smaller than that of the foamed elastic body before undergoing the impregnation treatment, and exhibits a percent increase in stress, with respect to the stress of the foamed elastic body before undergoing the impregnation treatment, of 50% or less.

Abstract: Expandable or pre-expanded thermoplastic particles, e.g. polystyrene particles, used to form foam containers e.g. cups, bowls, are coated with a coating composition comprising a liquid part consisting of a) liquid polyethylene glycol with an average molecular weight of 200 to 800; and a solid part comprising components selected from the group consisting of b) polyolefin wax, e.g. polyethylene wax, c) a metal salt of higher fatty acids, e.g. zinc stearate or calcium stearate; d) polyethylene glycol with an average molecular weight of 900 to 10,000; and e) a fatty bisamide or fatty amide, e.g. ethylene bis-stearamide; and combinations of b) through e). The coating composition prevents or resists leakage of liquids and foods with oil and/or fatty components and improves the rim strength and ATF properties of foam containers.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing emulsion polymer particles of a hollow core/shell structure in the presence of a monomer plasticizer having a ceiling temperature less than 181° C. wherein a polymerization inhibitor or reducing agent is not added to the aqueous emulsion of the core shell particles during the neutralization and swelling stage. The obtained core shell particles are useful in paints, paper coatings, foams, and cosmetics.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method of manufacturing flame-retardant polyethylene or polypropylene foam using a derivative of carboxylic acid of phenylphosphinic acid and the flame-retardant polymer foam made thereby. More specifically, this invention concerns a method of manufacturing highly expanded flame-retardant polymer foam prepared by mixing the above mentioned phosphorous flame retardant in a polymer resin and expanding the mixture with a volatile blowing agent or by applying a solution of an organic phosphorous compound to an already-made highly expanded foam and then drying the highly-expanded polymer foam, and the flame-retardant foam prepared thereby.

Abstract: A polyurethane foam composition that includes polyol, isocyanate, a catalyst, a surfactant, a physical blowing agent, a chemical blowing agent, a nucleating agent and a silsesquioxane compound is provided.

Abstract: Expandable or pre-expanded thermoplastic particles, e.g. polystyrene particles, used to form foam containers e.g. cups, bowls, are coated with a coating composition comprising a liquid part consisting of a) liquid polyethylene glycol with an average molecular weight of 200 to 800; and a solid part comprising components selected from the group consisting of b) polyolefin wax, e.g. polyethylene wax, c) a metal salt of higher fatty acids, e.g. zinc stearate or calcium stearate; d) polyethylene glycol with an average molecular weight of 900 to 10,000; and e) a fatty bisamide or fatty amide, e.g. ethylene bis-stearamide; and combinations of b) through e). The coating composition prevents or resists leakage of liquids and foods with oil and/or fatty components and improves the rim strength and ATF properties of foam containers.

Abstract: The foam comprises a mixture of silica, a polyorganosiloxane resin and a polyorganosiloxane hardener, added with a thermal insulator and an adhesion agent. The thermal insulator is ammonium polyphosphate. The foam is well appropriate as a filling and partitioning product in railway applications.

Abstract: A sponge-forming liquid silicone-rubber composition comprising: a diorganopolysiloxane (A) comprising a diorganopolysiloxane (A1) that has alkenyl groups on both molecular terminals and does not have any alkenyl groups in molecular side chains; and a diorganopolysiloxane (A2) that has two or more alkenyl groups in molecular side chains; an organohydrogenpolysiloxane (B) that has in one molecule at least two silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms; a mixture (C) composed of water and inorganic thickener; an emulsifier (D); a hydrosilylation-reaction catalyst (E); and a curing retarder (F). The aforementioned sponge-forming liquid silicone-rubber composition provide a silicone-rubber sponge that has a reduced coefficient of shrinkage upon molding, does not bleed out non-cross-linked components, and has a fine, uniform, and continuous porosity.

Abstract: Antifoam particles contain: (A) porous copolymers of urea or melamine or a mixture thereof with an alkanal, and (B) a silicone antifoam composition which is liquid at 0° C. The invention also provides pulverulent antifoam agents which comprise antifoam particles and optionally further carrier materials.

Abstract: Methods of controlling the durability of and/or the amount of air in concrete formulations that include combining cement, water, and optionally aggregates, admixtures and/or additives to form a cement mixture; and adding prepuff particles to the cement mixture to form a concrete formulation. The prepuff particles have an average particle diameter of from 0.2 mm to 3 mm, a bulk density of from 0.015 g/cc to 0.35 g/cc, an aspect ratio of from 1 to 3, and a smooth continuous outer surface. The cured and hardened concrete formulation typically has a relative dynamic modulus of at least 70% determined according to Procedure A of ASTM C666 (2003). The amount of air in the concrete typically increases over the amount of air in similar formulations not containing prepuff particles, as determined according to ASTM C231, based on the volume percent of prepuff. The concrete formulations can be used to make articles.

Abstract: A functional TFE copolymer fine powder is described, wherein the TFE copolymer is a polymer of TFE and at least one functional comonomer, and wherein the TFE copolymer has functional groups that are pendant to the polymer chain. The functional TFE copolymer fine powder resin is paste extrudable and expandable. Methods for making the functional TFE copolymer are also described. The expanded functional TFE copolymer material may be post-reacted after expansion.

Abstract: A diffusively reflective paint composition is disclosed for use in reflectors in lighting fixtures. The paint is formed by blending macroporous polymeric particles with a paint carrier. The macroporous polymeric particles are formed by reducing a reflective macroporous sheet material. The paint can be applied to a variety of substrates to form diffusely reflective articles.

Abstract: The invention relates to a solid powdery composition comprising unexpanded thermally expandable microspheres including a thermoplastic polymer shell encapsulating a propellant and from about 0.1 to about 50 wt % of at least one inhibitor selected from the group consisting of acids having a melting point below about 200° C. and precursors therefore. The invention further relates to preparation and use thereof, a composition comprising a polymeric resin, preparation thereof, a process for working a polymeric resin and a material obtainable thereby.

Abstract: Expandable or pre-expanded thermoplastic particles, e.g. polystyrene particles, used to form foam containers e.g. cups, bowls, are coated with a coating composition comprising a liquid part consisting of a) liquid polyethylene glycol with an average molecular weight of 200 to 800; and a solid part comprising components selected from the group consisting of b) polyolefin wax, e.g. polyethylene wax, c) a metal salt of higher fatty acids, e.g. zinc stearate or calcium stearate; d) polyethylene glycol with an average molecular weight of 900 to 10,000; and e) a fatty bisamide or fatty amide, e.g. ethylene bis-stearamide; and combinations of b) through e). The coating composition prevents or resists leakage of liquids and foods with oil and/or fatty components and improves the rim strength and ATF properties of foam containers.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are polymeric materials such as a coating, a plastic, a laminate, a composite, an elastomer, an adhesive, or a sealant; a surface treatment such as a textile finish or a wax; a filler for such a polymeric material or a surface treatment that includes an enzyme such as an esterase (e.g., a lipolytic enzyme, a sulfuric ester hydrolase, an organophosphorus compound degradation enzyme), an enzyme (e.g., a lysozyme, a lytic transglycosylase) that degrades a cell wall and/or a cell membrane component, a biocidal or biostatic peotide, and/or a peptidase. Also disclosed herein are methods of altering a material's property such as service life, flexability, or rigidity, by incorporation of an enzyme into a material capable of being chemically crosslinked by the activity of a lipolytic enzyme, a hydrolase, and/or a urease.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a porous material comprising (a) an erodible open-cell foam with a density in the range from 5 to 1,000 kg/m3 and with an average pore diameter in the range from 1 ?m to 1 mm, (b) a polymer matrix which is water-soluble or water-swellable or readily erodible, (c) an active ingredient selected from the group of surfactants, organic solvents, complexing agents, and bleaching agents, wherein said active ingredient (c) is absorbed by or dissolved in said polymer matrix (b) or chemically linked to said polymer matrix (b).

Abstract: Expandable or pre-expanded thermoplastic particles, e.g. polystyrene particles, used to form foam containers e.g. cups, bowls, are coated with a coating composition comprising a liquid part consisting of a) liquid polyethylene glycol with an average molecular weight of 200 to 800; and a solid part comprising components selected from the group consisting of b) polyolefin wax, e.g. polyethylene wax, c) a metal salt of higher fatty acids, e.g. zinc stearate or calcium stearate; d) polyethylene glycol with an average molecular weight of 900 to 10,000; and e) a fatty bisamide or fatty amide, e.g. ethylene bis-stearamide; and combinations of b) through e). The coating composition prevents or resists leakage of liquids and foods with oil and/or fatty components and improves the rim strength and ATF properties of foam containers.

Abstract: There is presented a new flame retardant composition comprising a brominated aromatic composition and a butyl substituted phenyl phosphate.

Abstract: Certain cyclic phosphoramide ester compounds useful, inter alia, as halogen-free flame-retardant compounds, are disclosed. The compounds are particularly useful for providing flame retarded polyurethane foams.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to a method for the production of a superabsorbent composition comprising the process steps: i. production of a hydrogel by radical polymerization of an aqueous monomer solution containing at least one monomer ii. drying the hydrogel to obtain a water-absorbing polymer structure iii. surface crosslinking of the water-absorbing polymer structure to obtain a surface-crosslinked water-absorbing polymer structure, and iv. incorporating a starch compound into the method. The present invention also relates to a superabsorbent composition obtainable according to this method, a particulate superabsorbent composition and a composite, a sanitary article core and a sanitary item, furthermore chemical products and also the use of this superabsorbent composition in chemical products.

Abstract: Open-cell foam based on a melamine-formaldehyde condensation product, a polyurethane or a polyimide, which has been modified with hydrophobins, a method of producing such foams, and the use thereof for absorbing organic liquids, as leakage and bleeding protection for liquid stores, for liquid-liquid separation and as matrix for carrying out chemical and/or biological processes.

Abstract: The present invention provides a rubber composition which has closed cells and comprises (A) at least one rubber component selected from natural rubber and diene-based synthetic rubbers, (B) silica in an amount of 10 to 150 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the rubber component, (C) an organic fiber in an amount of 0.02 to 20 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the rubber component and (D) a silane coupling agent represented by following general formula (I): in an amount of 1 to 30% by mass based on the amount by mass of silica of Component (B), exhibits excellent workability in processing the rubber and can provide a tire exhibiting excellent performance of braking and driving on road surfaces having ice and snow (excellent performance on ice) and excellent abrasion resistance; and a pneumatic tire which is obtained by using the rubber composition for a tread and exhibits the performance described above.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a foamed rubber member which has low hardness and excellent durability. The foamed rubber member of the invention, produced through an impregnation treatment of a foamed elastic body with a treatment liquid containing an isocyanate compound and an organic solvent, the foamed elastic body being produced by foaming a base rubber, exhibits a compression set smaller than that of the foamed elastic body before undergoing the impregnation treatment, and exhibits a percent increase in stress, with respect to the stress of the foamed elastic body before undergoing the impregnation treatment, of 50% or less.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of producing organically modified siloxanes and silanes by noble-metal-catalyzed reaction of siloxanes and/or silanes having at least one SiH group with a compound having one double bond, wherein the reaction is carried out in the presence of water.

Abstract: Expandable sealant and baffle compositions and methods of forming and using such compositions are provided wherein the compositions comprise a first thermoplastic resin, an epoxy resin, preferably a second thermoplastic resin different from the first thermoplastic resin, and optionally a compound selected from the group consisting of pigments, blowing agents, catalysts, curing agents, reinforcers, and mixtures thereof. The resulting compositions are formed as self-sustaining bodies which can be heat-expanded into a lightweight, high strength product for sealing hollow structural members of vehicles, substantially decreasing the noise which travels along the length of those members as well as strengthening those members with minimal increases in their weights. In a preferred embodiment, the first thermoplastic resin is an SBS block co-polymer, the epoxy resin is a bisphenol A-based liquid epoxy resin, the second thermoplastic resin is a polystyrene, and the reinforcer is hydrated amorphous silica.

Abstract: There is presented a new flame retardant composition comprising a brominated aromatic composition and a butyl substituted phenyl phosphate.

Abstract: An aluminum chelating agent-based latent curing agent is provided that can rapidly cure thermosetting epoxy resins at relatively low temperatures. A method for producing the aluminum chelating agent-based latent curing agent is also provided that enables relatively facile control of the curing conditions therefor.

Abstract: Polyetherimide foam materials, articles that include these foam materials and methods of making these foam materials and articles. The foam extrusion process uses selected blowing agents, equipment design and processing conditions to produce continuously extruded foam with a substantially uniform cell size in a lower density PEI foam, such as 25 to 50 g/L or a higher density PEI foam, such as 120 to 300 g/L. Due to the greater densities that can be produced as well as the characteristics inherent in polyetherimide articles, the resulting foam materials are suitable for a much broader range of applications.

Abstract: A foam containing 30 to 95% by weight of a polyolefin-based resin and 5 to 70% by weight of a hydrophilizing agent composed of a cellulose-based powder, the surface of the foam being in a melt fractured state.

Abstract: Provided are methods of treating an open cell polyimide foam product to produce a treated polyimide foam product having a property of repelling water or oil. The method includes the steps of: selecting a polyimide foam product having an external surface area and an open cell structure that has an interior surface area, wetting the exterior surface area and the interior surface area with a chemical treatment fluid comprising a treatment chemical that has a property of repelling water or oil, and distributing the treatment chemical onto at least a portion of the interior surface area sufficient to modify a surface property of the interior surface. Also provided are treated polyimide foam products that have an open cell polyimide foam substrate with an interior surface area and a treatment chemical on at least a portion of the interior surface area. The treatment chemical renders the interior surface hydrophobic or oleophobic.

Abstract: The use of polymeric microparticles having a cavity in hydraulically setting building material mixtures is described, from 1 to 100% by volume of the cavity of these microparticles being filled with water. In this way, remarkable concrete resistance to the freezing and thawing cycle is achieved, these microparticles providing improved protection for the concrete from the effects of the freezing and thawing cycle, even at a diameter of from 0.1 to 1 ?m and in doses which are 1 to 2 orders of magnitude lower than those described in the prior art. Moreover, the compressive strength of the correspondingly hardened concrete is substantially improved, which was likewise not foreseeable.

Abstract: Melamine foams exhibiting a very low level of water absorption and low residual formaldehyde are provided. The foams may be prepared by repeatedly soaking a melamine foam with an aqueous polysiloxane emulsion and squeezing out the emulsion, followed by a drying step and then a high-temperature annealing step.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a polycyanurate foam with a structural element A and either terminal amino groups and/or at least one of the following structural elements B, C, or D: wherein the foam has closed pores that contain carbon dioxide. This foam can be produced in that a substance is worked into the starting material for the polycyanurate that releases water or alcohol approximately at the start of polymerization either spontaneously or thermally or catalytically induced. The water/alcohol reacts with free cyanate groups under cleavage of CO2. The resulting amino groups can react further in the polymerization.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a low to high density foamed or solid composite material that comprises a blend of an epoxy based resin system or a low or high molecular weight polyurethane-based pre-polymer resin system and a relatively high level of a broad range of reinforcing materials dispersed therein. The reinforcing materials may be recycled or virgin, organic or inorganic, materials in the form of particles, shavings, flakes, pellets, crystals, hollow or solid spheres, granules or fibers, and may vary in specific gravity and size. The resin system permits a substantially uniform dispersal of the reinforcing materials and subsequently cures to create a complex composite material matrix. The composite material may be rigid, semi-rigid or flexible. The present invention is also directed to a process for preparing the rigid, semi-rigid or flexible foam composite which can be subsequently molded, extruded, calendered or used in spray-applications.