Abstract: Polystyrene beads having antistatic properties are prepared by adding the antistatic compounds to the beads during the pre-expansion step. The beads may then be employed to prepared molded products without any further treatment with antistatic agents.

Abstract: An expandable polymeric styrene particle is provided from which molded foamed articles can be produced exhibiting reduced flammability characteristics. The expandable polymeric styrene particle contains a blowing agent, a minor amount of pentaerythritol tetrastearate and a minor amount of hexabromocyclododecane. The additives can be incorporated during impregnation with the blowing agent or by blending with the expandable particles after impregnation.

Abstract: An insulating material in the form of a body comprising expanded plastics beads which are each encapsulated in bitumen or a bituminous compound which is free from solvents, light oils, emulsifiers or other liquifying agents, such encapsulation having been formed by a hot process, the encapsulated beads having been subsequently pressed together and distorted to form a body with voids between the beads substantially eliminated.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for producing a composite reverse osmosis membrane. The process involves forming a porous polysulfone membrane from a solution of polysulfone followed by quenching the polysulfone membrane in an aqueous solution of m-phenylenediamine followed by reacting the m-phenylenediamine on the polysulfone membrane with either trimesoyl chloride or cyclohexane-1,3,5-tricarbonyl chloride in a water immiscible solution thereof.

Abstract: A particulate polyolefin expansion molding material is disclosed. The material is comprised of a particulate polyolefin having a bulk density of 0.45 g/cc or more and a mean particle size of 150 to 2,000.mu., having provided on the surface thereof at least one layer comprising an expanding agent, a binder and a filler. The material can be used in producing expansion molded articles without first forming the material into pellets as is conventionally done.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for producing a composite reverse osmosis membrane. The process involves forming a porous polysulfone membrane from a solution of polysulfone followed by quenching the polysulfone membrane in an aqueous solution of m-phenylenediamine followed by reacting the m-phenylenediamine on the polysulfone membrane with either trimesoyl chloride or cyclohexane-1,3,5-tricarbonyl chloride in a water immiscible solution thereof.

Abstract: An expandable polymeric styrene particle is provided from which molded foamed articles can be produced exhibiting reduced flammability characteristics. The expandable polymeric styrene particle contains a blowing agent, a minor amount of pentaerythritol tetrastearate and a minor amount of hexabromocyclododecane. The additives can be incorporated during impregnation with the blowing agent or by blending with the expandable particles after impregnation.

Abstract: A process for preparing improved molding materials of expandable styrene polymers by coating the particles with glycerin esters of long-chain fatty acids. The coating comprises organosols of pulverulent glycerin esters having 14 to 24 carbon atoms in aliphatic hydrocarbons having 3 to 8 carbon atoms. The proportion of glycerin monoester is at most 40, but not less than 10% by weight and the particle size of the pulverulent ester is less than 100 microns. The molding materials are used to manufacture molded articles.

Abstract: A sprayable, modified polyisocyanurate solid or foam composition, with fast reaction times and excellent fire properties and capable of being sprayed in a one-to-one, fixed-volume spray system, is prepared by the reaction of a low-functionality MDI, with a polyol composition comprising a methoxy polyethylene glycol and a methyl glucoside polyol, the reaction carried out in the presence of a trimerization catalyst, to provide a sprayable polyisocyanurate composition particularly useful for spraying upright and overhead surfaces, due to the fast reaction time and rapid cure.

Abstract: A polyisocyanurate coating composition, which composition comprises and is prepared by reaching 100 parts of a methylene diisocyanate, having an average functionality of less than about 2.4, with a mixture of a di or triethylene glycol and a methoxy polyethylene glycol, the reaction carried out in the presence of a trimerization catalyst, and to a polyisocyanurate-coated, rigid-foam insulation board coated with such composition.

Abstract: What are disclosed are a method for making non-blocking soft polymer beads by applying an adherent polymer deposit on the beads, said deposited polymer having a glass transition temperature at least 10.degree. C. higher than the glass transition temperature of the soft polymer beads, which latter temperature is below 70.degree. C., and non-blocking soft polymer beads made by this method.

Abstract: A composition and process for reducing the adhesion of expandable polystyrene beads impregnated with a blowing agent such as pentane. The composition comprises effective amounts of magnesium stearate and zinc stearate respectively. The composition is added to the polystyrene in an apparatus such as a tumble blender prior to pre-expansion of the impregnated polystyrene beads.

Abstract: A composition and process for reducing the adhesion of expandable polystyrene beads impregnated with a blowing agent such as pentane. The composition comprises effective amounts of magnesium stearate and zinc stearate respectively. The composition is added to the polystyrene in an apparatus such as a tumble blender prior to pre-expansion of the impregnated polystyrene beads.

Abstract: Expandable vinyl aromatic polymers are produced, which exhibit anti-lumping properties and fast-cool properties upon formation of foamed articles therefrom, by polymerizing a vinyl aromatic monomer, in which is dissolved 0.5-4.0 percent, based on the monomer, of a graded diblock rubbery copolymer of 2-50 percent of polymerized vinyl aromatic monomer and 50-98 percent conjugated diene, the polymerization forming vinyl aromatic polymer containing the graded diblock rubbery copolymer, and impregnating the polymer so produced, with a blowing agent.

Abstract: An improved expandable polymeric styrene particle is provided containing a blowing agent, a minor amount of pentaerythritol tetrastearate, overcoated with a minor amount of glyceryl monostearate. The improved particle results in a significantly reduced final mold cooling cycle in producing the finished molded article. Pentaerythritol tetrastearate is preferably incorporated during impregnation with the blowing agent and glyceryl monostearate overcoated by blending with the expandable particles after impregnation.

Abstract: This invention produces heat resistant expandable plastic particles by the method of emulsion polymerization, containing .alpha.-alkylstyrene 15-55 weight %, another polymerizable monomer 85-45 weight %, and a readily volatile blowing agent 3-15 weight % as chief ingredients, and offers the expandable plastic molded articles with high heat resistance and high dimensional stability produced by prefoaming the expandable polymerizate particles with heating at a pressure of more than 0.1 kg/cm.sup.2 G followed by heat-molding in a metallic mold.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process of expanding styrene beads which comprises expanding said beads in the presence of a surfactant having a HLB value of 3 to 18 and showing a surface resistance less than 10.sup.14 .OMEGA./cm. By the process, blocking of beads is prevented, antistatic effect can be given to the shaped article and saving of steam used in the course of expanding is achieved.

Abstract: Expandable thermoplastic polymer beads and method of producing same, wherein a core of a polymer of one or more vinyl monomers is substantially surrounded by a layer of a polyolefin comprising one or more vinyl monomers, with a foaming agent contained in at least the core.

Abstract: A method of making light weight flame resistant structures from bonded polyimide macroballoons and products thereof. An aromatic tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride is reacted with an oxoimine to produce an N-substituted imide, which is then esterfied with a suitable alcohol. The resulting liquid is dried and the dry residue is reduced to a uniform powder having particles with diameters generally in the 0.5 to 10 mm. range. The powder is preferably further dried, either before or after final size reduction, in a moderate vacuum at moderate temperature to remove any excess residual alcohol. The powder spontaneously expands to form a closed cell foam when heated to a temperature in the range of about 90.degree. to 150.degree. C. for a suitable period. When the powder is expanded in a closed mold, a well consolidated, uniform, closed cell foam product results. The closed cell foam produced has excellent flexibility and resistance to heat and flame, and does not shrink appreciably when exposed to flame.

Abstract: Expandable vinyl aromatic polymers are produced, which exhibit fast-cool properties upon formation of foamed articles therefrom, by polymerizing a vinyl aromatic monomer, in which is dissolved 1.0-10.0 percent, based on the monomer, of a thermoplastic, branched, block copolymer of 55-95 percent of polymerized vinyl aromatic monomer and 5-45 percent conjugated diene, the polymerization forming vinyl aromatic polymer containing the thermoplastic, branched, block copolymer, and impregnating the polymer so produced, with a blowing agent.

Abstract: Disclosed are expandable thermoplastic polymer particles and process for preparing the same.Expandable thermoplastic polymer particles superior in processability as well as expansion are prepared by controlling an amount of inside moisture contained in said particles coated or impregnated with a blowing agent to not more than 1% by weight based on polymer, immediately after prepared.

Abstract: An improved expandable polymeric styrene particle is provided containing a blowing agent, a minor amount of pentaerythritol tetrastearate, overcoated with a minor amount of glyceryl monostearate. The improved particle results in a significantly reduced final mold cooling cycle in producing the finished molded article. Pentaerythritol tetrastearate is preferably incorporated during impregnation with the blowing agent and glyceryl monostearate overcoated by blending with the expandable particles after impregnation.

Abstract: Expandable vinyl aromatic polymers are produced, which exhibit fast-cool properties upon formation of foamed articles therefrom, by polymerizing a vinyl aromatic monomer, in which is dissolved 0.5-4.0 percent, based on the monomer, of a triblock copolymer rubber of 2-50 percent of polymerized vinyl aromatic monomer and 50-98 percent conjugated diene, the polymerization forming vinyl aromatic polymer containing the triblock copolymer rubber, and impregnating the polymer so produced, with a blowing agent.

Abstract: Expandable vinyl aromatic polymers are produced, which exhibit anti-lumping properties and fast-cool properties upon formation of foamed articles therefrom, by polymerizing a vinyl aromatic monomer, in which is dissolved 0.5-4.0 percent, based on the monomer, of a graded diblock rubbery copolymer of 2-50 percent of polymerized vinyl aromatic monomer and 50-98 percent conjugated diene, the polymerization forming vinyl aromatic polymer containing the graded diblock rubbery copolymer, and impregnating the polymer so produced, with a blowing agent.

Abstract: Expandable vinyl aromatic polymers are produced, which exhibit fast-cool properties upon formation of foamed articles therefrom, by polymerizing a vinyl aromatic monomer, in which is dissolved 0.5-4.0 percent, based on the monomer, of a triblock copolymer rubber of 2-50 percent of polymerized vinyl aromatic monomer and 50-98 percent conjugated diene, the polymerization forming vinyl aromatic polymer containing the triblock copolymer rubber, and impregnating the polymer so produced, with a blowing agent.

Abstract: Expandable vinyl aromatic polymers are produced, which exhibit fast-cool properties upon formation of foamed articles therefrom, by polymerizing a vinyl aromatic monomer, in which is dissolved 1.0-10.0 percent, based on the monomer, of a thermoplastic, branched, block copolymer of 55-95 percent of polymerized vinyl aromatic monomer and 5-45 percent conjugated diene, the polymerization forming vinyl aromatic polymer containing the thermoplastic, branched, block copolymer, and impregnating the polymer so produced, with a blowing agent.

Abstract: Self-extinguishing expandable polystyrene particles containing an expanding agent, a self-extinguishing organic halogen-containing compound and a 2,4,6-triamino-1,3,5-triazine derivative.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for drying and expanding microspheres whereby first a dispersion of the microspheres in an inert liquid is prepared. This dispersion is then atomized in a hot inert gas. The process of the invention is advantageously carried out in a spray dryer.

Abstract: Coated beads which exhibit anti-lumping properties upon pre-expansion and which are useful in the formation of soft expanded articles are prepared by coating initial polystyrene beads, in suspension, with a coating composition comprising styrene and a macromonomer of styrene and isoprene or styrene and butadiene, the coating compositions added to the suspension as an aqueous emulsion containing a catalyst and a polyoxyethylene ether of nonylphenol or octylphenol as surfactant.

Abstract: Styrenic polymer expandable beads that are useful in forming heat-resistant foamed articles are prepared by forming an aqueous suspension of initial styrenic polymer beads and adding thereto a portion of a comonomer solution of styrenic monomer and methacrylic acid, which solution also contains a polymerization regulator, forming an emulsion of catalyst, monomer solution and polyvinyl alcohol suspending agent, adding portions of the emulsion to the suspension and then adding the remainder of the comonomer solution to the suspension, and the suspension with added monomers is heated to copolymerize the styrenic monomer and methacrylic acid about the initial beads and form a coating about the beads.

Abstract: A procedure is provided for the production of clean, dustless particulate granules from dusty, dirty particles by treatment with a composition comprising a liquid polymeric substance, illustratively, epoxidized soybean oil, and a solid, low molecular weight polymer having a melting point in the range of about 95.degree. to 105.degree. C., illustratively, a polyethylene vinyl acetate copolymer in the proportions of from 1 part of solid polymer to 1 part of liquid polymeric substance to 2 parts of solid polymer to 1 part of liquid polymeric substance. In one modification of the procedure, the ingredients were charged to a Papenmeir mixer and the mixer was run at 1500 RPM until a temperature of 95.degree. C. was reached. The resulting product comprised clean, dustless uniform beads.

Abstract: A fluoroelastomer-hollow glass microsphere coating has been found to provide new and unexpected corrosion resistance to metal surfaces for protection against severely corrosive environments. The coating comprises a fluorocarbon elastomer and 3-50% by volume of hollow glass microspheres or microballoons having a size in the range of about 2-300 microns, preferably 20-200 microns. The hollow glass microspheres or microballoons substantially increases the corrosion resistance of a fluoroelastomeric liquid composition, yielding new and unexpected thermal and chemical resistance, particularly when the coating composition is applied in two or more layers.

Abstract: Particulate styrene polymers which contain a blowing agent and are surface-coated with from 0.05 to 1% by weight of an ester. The coating agent is a hydroxycarboxylic acid ester, or an ester of a carboxylic acid with an oxyalkylated alcohol; tristearyl citrate is a preferred ester.The styrene polymers can be used to produce foam moldings, with short mold dwell times and good welding of the foam particles.

Abstract: Expandable styrene-type polymer beads having a short cooling time are obtained by a method wherein styrene-type polymer beads are impregnated with a blowing agent preferably as a step separate and independent of the polymerization step or in the same suspension polymerization reactor after a substantial completion of the polymerization, in an aqueous suspension comprising styrene-type polymer beads, a blowing agent, a suspending agent, at least 0.0001% of a halide salt of a transition metal selected from the group consisting of iron, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, cobalt, nickel and copper, or a mixture thereof, and at least 0.001% of glycerol mono-, di-, or tri-ester of a fatty acid having 12-30 carbon atoms or a mixture thereof, said halide being bromide, chloride or iodide, and said percentages being based on the total weight of polymer beads subjected to the impregnation, with the proviso that if said glycerol ester is a tri-ester, there must be present at least 0.

Abstract: A filler material for thermoplastic polymers which increases the flexural modulus of the resulting filled system along with increasing the percent elongation to fracture is prepared by mixing a major amount of a mica-like, mineral sheet silicate and a minor amount of an additive such that the resulting surface of the sheet silicate possesses protrusions or nodules.

Abstract: A multiple shell structure and a method of manufacturing such structure wherein a hollow glass microsphere is surface treated in an organosilane solution so as to render the shell outer surface hydrophobic. The surface treated glass shell is then suspended in the oil phase of an oil-aqueous phase dispersion. The oil phase includes an organic film-forming monomer, a polymerization initiator and a blowing agent. A polymeric film forms at each phase boundary of the dispersion and is then expanded in a blowing operation so as to form an outer homogeneously integral monocellular substantially spherical thermoplastic shell encapsulating an inner glass shell of lesser diameter.

Abstract: Expandable styrene polymer particles which have fast cooling rates during molding are produuced by suspending styrene polymer particles in an aqueous medium and impregnating a blowing agent into the particles in the presence of 0.1 to 0.6 parts of a synergistic mixture of surfactants per 100 parts of polymer particles.

Abstract: Polymeric beads for use in forming soft molded articles of low density are produced by formation of a plasticized elastomer-styrene polymeric coating about initial styrene beads, by forming an aqueous suspension of the initial beads, adding thereto an aqueous emulsion of a coating composition consisting of styrenic monomer, a conjugated diene elastomer, and a plasticizer, containing a catalyst and a nonionic surfactant comprising an ethylene oxide condensate of an alkylphenol, the surfactant containing at least thirty moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alkylphenol, and polymerizing the coating composition about the initial beads.

Abstract: Expandable styrene polymer particles which have fast cooling rates during molding are produced by dry blending styrene polymer particles in the presence of 0.06 to 0.60 parts of decaglyceroloctaoleate per 100 parts of polymer particles. The oleate may be added as sole fast cool agent or in addition to the known internal additives which impart fast cool properties.

Abstract: Expandable styrene polymer particles which have fast cooling rates during molding are produced by dry blending styrene polymer particles in the presence of 0.06 to 0.60 parts of a mixture of alkyl esters of fatty acids per 100 parts of polymer particles. The ester mixture may be added as sole fast cool agent or in addition to the known internal additives which impart fast cool properties.

Abstract: Hollow glass microspheres made from a low heat conductivity glass composition containing a high vacuum and a thin metal coating deposited on the inner wall surface of the microspheres are described. The hollow glass microspheres are used to make superior insulation materials in the construction of highly efficient solar energy collectors.The hollow glass microspheres can also be made to contain a thin transparent or reflective metal coating deposited on the inner wall surface of the microspheres by adding to the blowing gas small dispersed metal particles and/or gases of organo metal compounds and decomposing the organo metal compounds.The hollow glass microspheres can be made from low heat conductivity glass compositions. The microspheres can be used to make improved insulation materials and composites and insulating systems.The hollow glass microspheres can be used as filler materials in plastics, in plastic foam compositions and in concrete and asphalt compositions.

Abstract: Hollow glass microspheres made from a low heat conductivity glass composition containing a high vacuum and a thin metal coating deposited on the inner wall surface of the microspheres are described. The hollow glass microspheres are used to make superior insulation materials in the construction of highly efficient solar energy collectors.The hollow glass microspheres can also be made to contain a thin transparent or reflective metal coating deposited on the inner wall surface of the microspheres by adding to the blowing gas small dispersed metal particles and/or gases of organo metal compounds and decomposing the organo metal compounds.The hollow glass microspheres can be made from low heat conductivity glass compositions. The microspheres can be used to make improved insulation materials and composites and insulating systems.The hollow glass microspheres can be used as filler materials in plastics, in plastic foam compositions and in concrete and asphalt compositions.

Abstract: Hollow plastic microspheres made from thermoplastic or thermosetting plastic compositions are described.The hollow plastic microspheres can be used as filler materials in plastics, in plastic foam compositions and in concrete and asphalt compositions. The hollow plastic mircospheres can be made from low heat conductivity plastic compositions and blown with a low heat conductivity gas and used to make improved insulation materials and composites and insulating systems.The hollow plastic microspheres can be made to contain a thin transparent or reflective metal coating deposited on the inner wall surface of the microspheres by adding to the blowing gas small dispersed metal particles and/or gases of organo metal compounds and decomposing the organo metal compounds.The hollow plastic microspheres can also be made in the form of filamented plastic microspheres with a thin plastic filament connecting adjacent plastic microspheres.

Abstract: Hollow plastic microspheres made from thermoplastic or thermosetting plastic compositions are described.The hollow plastic microspheres can be used as filler materials in plastics, in plastic foam compositions and in concrete and asphalt compositions. The hollow plastic microspheres can be made from low heat conductivity plastic compositions and blown with a low heat conductivity gas and used to make improved insulation materials and composites and insulating systems.The hollow plastic microspheres can be made to contain a thin transparent or reflective metal coating deposited on the inner wall surface of the microspheres by adding to the blowing gas small dispersed metal particles and/or gases of organo metal compounds and decomposing the organo metal compounds.The hollow plastic microspheres can also be made in the form of filamented plastic microspheres with a thin plastic filament connecting adjacent plastic microspheres.

Abstract: A process for the expansion of an expandable, polymeric, bead material by exposing the bead material to steam at an elevated temperature, to effect the expansion of the bead material into a polymeric bead material form, while tumbling the bead material during expansion to prevent fusion, the improvement which comprises: employing as a lubricant for the bead material a lubricant material which, on exposure to the steam and prior to the end of the expansion of the bead material, is changed in lubricant characteristics, to provide an expanded, polymeric foam bead material having a reduced surface lubricity.

Abstract: Particulate styrene polymers which contain a blowing agent and are surface-coated with a glycerol dialkyl ether, preferably mixed with a glycerol ester. The particles can be foamed, and the foamed particles can be fused to form moldings.

Abstract: Expandable styrene-type polymer beads having a short cooling time are made by impregnating the polymer beads, after the substantial completion of the polymerization, in an aqueous suspension medium comprising a suspending agent and about 0.005-0.3%, based on the weight of water, of non-ionic surfactant which is a copolymer of propylene oxide and ethylene oxide having an HLB number of 8-18 and an average molecuar weight of at least 1,000, and by subsequently washing and drying the beads.

Abstract: Fine particulate expandable styrene polymers have coatings applied thereto by:(a) introducing the fine particulate expandable styrene polymers into a closed mixing vessel;(b) reducing the pressure in the mixing vessel below atmospheric;(c) preparing dispersions of the coating materials and heating the dispersions to about 30.degree. to 90.degree. C.; and(d) aspirating the heated dispersions of the coating materials into the mixing vessel while simultaneously mixing the dispersions with the particulate styrene polymers to form a coating thereon and drying the coated particles.

Abstract: Expandable styrene polymer particles which have fast cooling rates during molding are produced by dry blending styrene polymer particles in the presence of 0.06 to 0.60 parts of decaglyceroloctaoleate per 100 parts of polymer particles. The oleate may be added as sole fast cool agent or in addition to the known internal additives which impart fast cool properties.

Abstract: Expandable styrene polymer particles are surface-coated with decaglyceroloctaoleate to prevent the particles from lumping together during expansion. The coating is applied by adding 0.02-0.05 part of decaglyceroloctaoleate to an aqueous suspension containing 100 parts of polymer particles subsequent to impregnating the mixture with a blowing agent, or by dry blending polymer particles with the octaoleate.