Abstract: A composition of polyvinyl chloride for powder molding may include a polyvinyl chloride (A), a polyvinyl chloride (B), and a phosphate, among others. The polyvinyl chloride (A) may have an average particle diameter of 50 to 500 ?m, and the polyvinyl chloride (B) may have an average particle diameter of 0.01 ?m or more and less than 50 ?m. An average polymerization degree of the polyvinyl chloride (A) may be 1350 or more, and the phosphate may comprise a polyoxyalkylene alkyl phosphate.

Abstract: The disclosed latex system comprises a one-component, closed-cell, semi-foam, mastic sealant using gas-filled, flexible, organic microspheres to create a product that is elastic and compressible under pressure without protruding in an outward direction when compressed, thereby allowing the applied sealant to compress in an enclosed, maximum-filled channel unlike typical mastic sealants (while retaining the ability to rebound). This allows the sealant to function as a gasket, and, once fully cured, to have properties including vibration damping, insulating, and condensation resistance. The sealant can be formulated as an air barrier or a vapor barrier and at various degrees of moisture resistance. It may be applied by different packaging variations including aerosol can (bag in can or bag on valve), airless sprayer, cartridge tubes, foil tubes, squeeze tubes, and buckets to be applied using a brush, trowel, spatula, etc.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a plasticizer composition, which includes a terephthalate-based material in which alkyl groups bonded to a diester group have a weight average carbon number of greater than 7 and less than 9; and a monobenzoate-based material including one or more compounds represented by Chemical Formula 1, wherein a weight ratio of the terephthalate-based material and the monobenzoate-based material is 99:1 to 1:99. Such a plasticizer composition is environmentally friendly, and can also improve properties such as tensile strength, elongation rate, hardness, and the like and migration resistance to stress so as to be suitable for use.

Abstract: Provided is a vinyl chloride resin composition that enables production of a vinyl chloride resin molded product that has excellent surface lubricity and can inhibit formation of voids in a foamed polyurethane molded product laminated therewith. The vinyl chloride resin composition contains a vinyl chloride resin, a plasticizer, and ether-modified silicone oil.

Abstract: Provided are a seat cover for an automobile and a manufacturing method therefor, the seat cover comprising a surface-treated layer, a cover layer, a soft foam layer, and a rear layer and comprising an embossing pattern formed on the top surface, wherein the soft foam layer comprises 15 to 20 foam cells per unit area of 1 mm2 of the surface thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides a moisture-curable hot melt urethane composition, including a hot melt urethane prepolymer (A) having an isocyanate group and a foaming agent composition (B) containing N,N?-dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine (b1), urea (b2) and a polyol (b3). The present invention also provides a method for producing a foamed and cured product of a moisture-curable hot melt composition, which includes heat-melting a hot melt urethane prepolymer (A), then mixing the foaming agent composition (B) therewith, applying the resultant mixture to a substrate, and performing a heating treatment at a temperature equal to or higher than heat-melting temperature of the (A) to thereby cause foaming and curing. An object of the present invention is to provide a solvent-free foaming system, according to which a foamed and cured product with excellent texture can be obtained, and an excellent foamed state can be maintained even in a thin film.

Abstract: Provided is a powder moldable vinyl chloride resin composition for a real-stitched surface skin that is capable of providing a molded product having excellent flexibility at low temperatures and real stitching properties. The powder moldable vinyl chloride resin composition for a real-stitched surface skin contains vinyl chloride resin particles (a) having an average degree of polymerization of at least 1,200 and no greater than 5,000, a trimellitate plasticizer (b), and vinyl chloride resin fine particles (c) having an average degree of polymerization of at least 1,000 and no greater than 5,000.

Abstract: The invention provides a particulate material comprising porous polymeric microparticles having a mesoporous structure. A process for making the particles is also presented. The process comprises impregnating a porous microparticulate template material with a liquid comprising one or more monomers. The one or more monomers are then polymerized in and/or on the template material to form a polymer, and the template material is then removed to produce the particulate material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a foamable composition containing a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl butyrate, polyalkyl(meth)acrylate and copolymers thereof, a foam former and/or foam stabilizer and di-2-ethylhexyl terephthalate as plasticizer. The invention further relates to foamed mouldings and to use of the foamable composition for floor coverings, wall coverings or artificial leather.

Abstract: The invention relates to a foamable composition containing at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl butyrate, polyalkyl (meth)acrylate and copolymers thereof, a foam former and/or foam stabilizer and diisononyl 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylate as plasticizer. The invention further relates to foamed mouldings and to use of the foamable composition for floor coverings, wall coverings or artificial leather.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a vinyl chloride resin composition containing diethylhexylcyclohexane as a plasticizer. Diethylhexylcyclohexane may replace controversial phthalate based plasticizers to prevent environmental contamination and have significantly low initial viscosity and low-temperature viscosity and a remarkably low low-temperature viscosity with the passage of time as compared to the existing phthalate based plasticizers and dioctyl terephthalate, which is a non-phthalate based plasticizer, such that the vinyl chloride resin composition containing the diethylhexylcyclohexane plasticizer may have excellent workability and generate less volatile organic compounds, thereby making it possible to apply this composition to develop eco-friendly products.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cryogel which contains a polyol selected from polyvinyl alcohol or galactomannan and a co-polymer of Formula I: The cryogel is formed by mixing the monomers of the co-polymer of Formula I at a temperature of less about 5 degrees C. with the polyol and a free radical initiator in an aqueous solution and polymerizing the solution to form the cryogel. The cryogel is used for culturing cells and can be decomposed by contact with a monosaccharide.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition that can be thermally cured, containing relative to the total composition, a) 5 to 90% by weight of a diene-based polymer or copolymer containing an olefinic double bond and/or an aromatically substituted olefin, wherein the polymer or copolymer is liquid, or paste-like, at 22° C. and has a glass transition temperature between ?30° C. and +15° C., measured according to a DSC method; b) a vulcanization system selected from the group consisting of: b1) sulfur, and one or more accelerator(s), b2) peroxidic or disulfidic vulcanization systems, b3) quinones, quinone dioximes, or dinitrosobenzene.

Abstract: A foam comprises (a) starch, (b) plasticizer, (c) compatibilizer, and (d) polyolefin selected from one or more of ethylene homopolymer, ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymer, ethylene/vinyl ester of aliphatic carboxylic acid copolymer, propylene homopolymer, and propylene copolymers. The ratio of A to B is at least 0.01, where A is the sum of the weights of components (a) and (b), and B is the sum of the weights of components (a) though (d). The foam may have a density of at most 10 pounds/cubic foot.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of thermoplastic auxetic foams comprising the steps of: a) taking conventional thermoplastic foam; b) subjecting said foam to at least one process cycle wherein the foam is biaxially compressed and heated; c) optionally subjecting the foam to at least one process cycle wherein the biaxial compression is removed and the foam mechanically agitated prior to reapplying biaxial compression and heating; d) cooling said foam to a temperature below the softening temperature of said foam; and e) removing said compression and heat.

Abstract: Formulation for cellular, foamed-polymer product based on polyvinyl chloride, comprising: a polyvinyl chloride homopolymer having a K-value of from 60 to 85 and a pH value of the aqueous extract ranging of from 8 to 12; at least one isocyanate selected from isomers and homologues of diphenylmethane-4,4?-diisocyanate and modified diphenylmethane-4,4-diisocyanate s and mixtures thereof; at least one anhydride selected from the group of succinic anhydride, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, hexahydrophthalic anhydride, methyl-tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, 4-methyl-hexahydrophthalic anhydride, cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic anhydride, methyl-endomethylene tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, dodecenyl succinic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride and mixtures thereof; at least a surfactant; at least a foaming agent.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel masticatory masses for oral hygiene, made from foamed synthetic polymers, a method for production and use thereof.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method of manufacturing flame-retardant polyethylene or polypropylene foam using a derivative of carboxylic acid of phenylphosphinic acid and the flame-retardant polymer foam made thereby. More specifically, this invention concerns a method of manufacturing highly expanded flame-retardant polymer foam prepared by mixing the above mentioned phosphorous flame retardant in a polymer resin and expanding the mixture with a volatile blowing agent or by applying a solution of an organic phosphorous compound to an already-made highly expanded foam and then drying the highly-expanded polymer foam, and the flame-retardant foam prepared thereby.

Abstract: Plastisols are provided which are effective for providing a foamed composition having an improved color. The plastisol includes a dispersed phase and a liquid phase. The dispersed phase includes an organic polymer and the liquid phase includes a plasticizer for said polymer. The plasticizer utilized has a hydroxyl number of about 30 or greater, and an acidity of not less than about 0.1% as benzoic acid.

Abstract: Plastisols are provided which are effective for providing a foamed composition having an improved color. The plastisol includes a dispersed phase and a liquid phase. The dispersed phase includes an organic polymer and the liquid phase includes a plasticizer for said polymer. The plasticizer utilized has a hydroxyl number of about 30 or greater, and an acidity of not less than about 0.1% as benzoic acid.

Abstract: A novel polyvinyl chloride copolymer paste resin comprising a copolymer of a vinyl chloride monomer and a macromonomer of the present invention can be synthesized with high productivity, and can provides a plastisol having high gelation properties, storage stability, superior tensile properties in low-temperature working conditions and heat resistance.

Abstract: U.S. Pat. No. 6,232,354 issued May 15, 2001 describes an environmentally friendly and commercially practicable process for the production of microcellular polymer foams from amorphous, semi-crystalline and crystalline polymers which involves consolidating the polymer, saturating the polymer with an inert gas at elevated temperature and under elevated pressure, and controllably cooling, i.e. quenching the saturated polymer under a variety of temperature and pressure conditions to produce either a closed or open celled microcellular foam or a high density microcellular foam. It has now been discovered that a process similar to that described in this patent can be used for the production of nanocomposite and molecular-composite foams that exhibit exceptional physical properties.

Abstract: Thermoplastic polymer foams having sound deadening properties satisfactory for demanding applications are provided which have mechanical strength, which are economical to manufacture, and which are hydrolytically stable. Methods of preparing these foams are also provided. The foams are useful in sound management, cushion packaging, filtering, and fluid absorption and exhibit one or more of the following properties: 1) average cell size greater than about 2 mm; 2) substantially open-cell structure and 3) relatively large pores connecting the cells. In order that the foam be acoustically active, the foam should possess a substantially open-cell structure and a relatively low airflow resistivity. Foams with substantially open-cell structure and relatively low airflow resistivity are prepared by mechanically opening a foam having an average cell size greater than about 2 mm. In most cases, such mechanical opening creates relatively large pores connecting the cells.

Abstract: Compositions of elastoplastic ionomeric polymers having hardness below 92 points Shore A. comprising polar elastomers (10-45 wt. %), such as polyacrylic and nitrile rubbers, apolar crystalline polyolefins (15-40 wt. %) and elastoplastic polyolefins (25-75 wt. %). These compositions are used for making single-layer and multilayer laminar products that can be bonded by radio-freqeuncy welding, and manufactured articles possessing antistatic properties.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an imaging element comprising at least one image receiving layer and a support, wherein said image receiving layer comprises an open celled microcellular foam. The present invention also relates to an imaging element comprising at least one image receiving layer, an absorbing layer and a support, wherein the absorbing layer comprises an open celled microcellular foam.

Abstract: Slush moldable polyolefin powders are prepared by blending a crosslinkable silane-grafted, olefinic interpolymer, optionally containing a crystalline polypropylene homopolymer or interpolymer; and a crosslinked silane-grafted, olefinic interpolymer containing a cure catalyst, the blend optionally containing a crystalline polyolefin powder. The resulting compositions can be slush molded to make a variety of articles of manufacture, especially automotive interior components, having good hot tear properties, low hardness and no glossing after heat aging.

Abstract: An expanded cellular ethylenic polymer product is provided from an irradiated, noncross-linked linear ethylenic polymer. Linear ethylenic polymers can be irradiated at ambient conditions sufficient to introduce branching in the polymer in the absence of detectable cross-linking as indicated by the absence of gels. The irradiated linear ethylenic polymer is compatible with highly branched low density polyethylene and, when mixed therewith, produces a resin having a single broad based melting temperature range as determined by direct scanning calorimetry, which indicates that the polymers in the mixture have similar crystallization behavior suitable for producing low density foams by extrusion foaming. The linear polymers can be obtained from recycled shrink wrap film. Low densities of from 0.7 to less than 4 pcf can be achieved. The foams typically have improved tear resistance as compared to previous products prepared from low density polyethylene, at comparable low densities.

Abstract: The electrochemical performance of an ion-exchange membrane in a fuel cell system may be improved by impregnating therein a perfluoroamine. The amine may be primary, secondary or tertiary. Further, the amine is preferably water insoluble or only slightly water soluble. For example, the amine may be perfluorotriamylamine or perfluorotributylamine. Use of such a membrane system within a fuel cell may allow high or low temperature operation (i.e. at temperatures greater than 100° C. or less than 0° C.) as well as operation at low relative humidity.

Abstract: Polyvinyl chloride resin compositions and methods of preparation and use thereof for increasing the degree of whiteness in finished polyvinyl chloride foam. The resin compositions contain sulfur compounds selected from sulfonic acid derivatives, sulfinic acid derivatives, and mercapto acetic acid sodium salt, and optionally contain water soluble salts and/or t-butyl hydroperoxide.

Abstract: Polyvinyl chloride resin compositions and methods of preparation and use thereof for increasing the degree of whiteness in finished polyvinyl chloride foam. The resin compositions contain sulfur compounds selected from sulfonic acid derivatives, sulfinic acid derivatives, and mercapto acetic acid sodium salt, and optionally contain water soluble salts and/or t-butyl hydroperoxide.

Abstract: Polyvinyl chloride resin compositions and methods of preparation and use thereof for increasing the degree of whiteness in finished polyvinyl chloride foam. The resin compositions contain sulfur compounds selected from sulfonic acid derivatives, sulfinic acid derivatives, and mercapto acetic acid sodium salt, and optionally contain water soluble salts and/or t-butyl hydroperoxide.

Abstract: Polyvinyl chloride resin compositions and methods of preparation and use thereof for increasing the degree of whiteness in finished polyvinyl chloride foam. The resin compositions contain sulfur compounds selected from sulfonic acid derivatives, sulfinic acid derivatives, and mercapto acetic acid sodium salt, and optionally contain water soluble salts and/or t-butyl hydroperoxide.

Abstract: The present invention provides a vibration reducing grip material that includes a closed-cell poly(vinyl chloride) foam material having a Shore durometer of about 50 to about 70. According to one embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a vibration reducing handle cover for an impact tool.

Abstract: Disclosed are polymeric foam structures suitable for absorbing and storing body fluids such as urine, menses and the like. These liquid storage structures are high suction collapsible polymeric foam materials. The collapsed foams, upon contact with aqueous fluids, can absorb and expand these fluids even when opposed by significant hydrostatic pressures. These absorbent polymeric foams comprise interconnected open-cells. In one aspect, the foams can absorb at least about 25 g/g against a hydrostatic head pressure of 50 cm. In another aspect, the foams of the present invention will have a vertical hang sorption height at 90% of at least about 60 cm.

Abstract: The present invention relates to vinyl chloride copolymers, in the latex form, the particles of which are composed of a core, of an outer layer and optionally of an intermediate layer. It also relates to the process for the manufacture of this latex by seeded miscosuspension polymerization and to its applications in paints and plastisols.

Abstract: Process of mixing a fugitive plasticizer, e.g., ethylene carbonate, with moist particulate polyacrylonitrile then removing the water enabling adjustment of the melt viscosity for extrusion of the polyacrylonitrile into film, fiber, pellets and shaped articles. Stretching and heating the extruded polyacrylonitrile film or fiber causes the fugitive plasticizer to exude and vaporize from the film or fiber, carrying with it any remaining acrylonitrile monomer. The resulting film or fiber exhibits substantially increased molecular weight, thus enhancing the tensile strength and barrier properties of the polyacrylonitrile product. The process also produces polyacrylonitrile foam products. A novel cross-linking agent for polyacrylonitrile, divinyloxybutane, is disclosed. Thermostabilizing agents for polyacrylonitrile, N-maleimides and stilbene derivatives, are also disclosed.

Abstract: A molded closure for a liquid container comprising a thermoplastic elastomer and a blowing agent. The molded closure is particularly suitable for use as a synthetic wine cork in a wine bottle. The molded closure does not permit passage of oxygen into the container, does not absorb oxygen from the contents of the container, can be removed from the container using a corkscrew without significant expansion, crumbling or disintegration, does not significantly taint a liquid in the container, permits the container to be placed horizontally immediately after insertion of the molded closure, and can permanently retain printed matter on its surface.

Abstract: Plastisol compositions based on vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate copolymers produced by suspension polymerization have a low viscosity, even with low polymer-to-plasticizer ratios, so that they may be used for plastisol formulations suitable for airless spraying. The compositions are stable in storage and show good gelation properties. Coatings based on these plastisols have a good noise-damping effect, even with high vinyl acetate contents.

Abstract: The invention relates to acoustically active sprayable plastisol compositions based on styrene copolymers and/or alkyl methacrylate homopolymers and/or copolymers of methyl methacrylate which, in addition to the favorable abrasion properties and corrosion-preventing properties of the plastisols, have a good vibration-damping effect and distinctly reduce the noise caused by particle impact (chippings, water, sand).

Abstract: A molded closure for a liquid container comprising a thermoplastic elastomer and a blowing agent. The molded closure is particularly suitable for use as a synthetic wine cork in a wine bottle. The molded closure does not permit passage of oxygen into the container, does not absorb oxygen from the contents of the container, can be removed from the container using a corkscrew without significant expansion, crumbling or disintegration, does not significantly taint a liquid in the container, permits the container to be placed horizontally immediately after insertion of the molded closure, and can permanently retain printed matter on its surface.

Abstract: An expandable poly(vinyl chloride) resin composition for use in powder molding process containing a granular poly(vinyl chloride) resin, a fine-granular poly(vinyl chloride) resin, a plasticizer, a stabilizer, a foaming agent and an alkyl phosphate gives by a powder molding process an expansion-molded article having remarkably strengthened foamed cells and free from the occurrence of surface unevenness caused by polyurethane backing.

Abstract: Process of mixing a fugitive plasticizer, e.g., ethylene carbonate, with moist particulate polyacrylonitrile then removing the water enabling adjustment of the melt viscosity for extrusion of the polyacrylonitrile into film, fiber, pellets and shaped articles. Stretching and heating the extruded polyacrylonitrile film or fiber causes the fugitive plasticizer to exude and vaporize from the film or fiber, carrying with it any remaining acrylonitrile monomer. The resulting film or fiber exhibits substantially increased molecular weight, thus enhancing the tensile strength and barrier properties of the polyacrylonitrile product. The process also produces polyacrylonitrile foam products. A novel cross-linking agent for polyacrylonitrile, divinyloxybutane, is disclosed. Thermostabilizing agents for polyacrylonitrile, N-maleimides and stilbene derivatives, are also disclosed.

Abstract: A plastic foam material composed of a blended resin composition which includes at least two thermoplastic resins and a silane-modified based resin. The blended resin composition consists essentially of 100 parts by weight of at least two thermoplastic resins, from about 1 to about 50 parts by weight of a silane-modified, cross-linked, thermoplastic resin; from about 0.001 to about 2.5 parts by weight of a cross-linking catalyst for use in a silane compound and from about 1 to about 20 parts by weight of a foaming agent. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the thermoplastic resins include at least two substantially incompatible and substantially uncross-linked thermoplastic resins, while in another embodiment the two thermoplastic resins need not be substantially incompatible. The blended resin composition may further include reinforcers such as glass fibers and filler. The thermodecomposition foaming agent decomposes at sufficiently high temperatures to yield a plastic foam material.

Abstract: A process for providing extrudable polyacrylonitrile compositions. Dry, particulate polyacrylonitrile having a moisture content of less than about 1.5 percent is mixed with a liquid plasticizer such as ethylene carbonate or propylene carbonate at a mixing temperature of about 140.degree. C. to about 180.degree. C. This process produces an extrudable polyacrylonitrileplasticizer composition which can be extruded to form film, fiber or other extruded or co-extruded products.

Abstract: An improved process for production and delivery of a plastisol foam is provided. By the process, plastisol foam is maintained under controlled pressures and conditioned to enhance homogeneity and percent foam. Also provided is a process for intermittently dispensing a fluid such as a plastisol foam, by which drip may be prevented. Additionally provided is novel apparatus for preventing drip.

Abstract: A foam spacer which is usable as a cork substitute in the base cushion layer of a glass spacer. The spacer, which is adapted to replace natural cork spacers is preferably laminated to a tack layer or otherwise adhered to a surface. The spacer is formed from a plasticized foamable resin which includes a quantity of incorporated reinforcing agents.

Abstract: Process of mixing a fugitive plasticizer, e.g., ethylene carbonate, with moist particulate polyacrylonitrile then removing the water enabling adjustment of the melt viscosity for extrusion of the polyacrylonitrile into film, fiber, pellets and shaped articles. Stretching and heating the extruded polyacrylonitrile film or fiber causes the fugitive plasticizer to exude and vaporize from the film or fiber, carrying with it any remaining acrylonitrile monomer. The resulting film or fiber exhibits substantially increased molecular weight, thus enhancing the tensile strength and barrier properties of the polyacrylonitrile product. The process also produces polyacrylonitrile foam products. A novel cross-linking agent for polyacrylonitrile, divinyloxybutane, is disclosed. Thermostabilizing agents for polyacrylonitrile, N-maleimides and stilbene derivatives, are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for production of a crosslinked, foamed vinyl chloride containing polymer, by adding a blowing agent to a copolymer produced by a copolymerisation of a monomer composition comprising vinyl chloride and glycidyl containing monomer, and optionally other monomers, foaming the copolymer, where the decomposition products of the blowing agent or decomposition products of reaction produces from the blowing agent, are chemically reactive with epoxy groups of the copolymer or its reaction products, and crosslinking the copolymer when the blowing agent or the reaction product of the blowing agent is decomposed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a breathable, plastic film, useful as a wall covering material. A low boiling additive, such as water, is added to a plastisol before extrusion. During extrusion and curing of the plastisol into a film or coating, the low boiling additive is volatilized and the resulting evolved gas perforates the forming film. In this manner a permeable plastic film, such as vinyl, is produced.

Abstract: An expandable vinyl chloride resin composition comprising, as main components, a vinyl chloride polymer composed mainly of vinyl chloride obtained by emulsion polymerization or fine suspension polymerization of a vinyl chloride monomer and a vinyl comonomer having a hydroxyl group or a carboxyl group, a plasticizer, a chemical blowing agent and a crosslinking agent, wherein said crosslinking agent is:(1) a combination of an alkylphenol-blocked polyisocyanate and an .epsilon.-caprolactam-blocked polyisocyanate, or(2) a polyisocyanate randomly blocked by an alkyl phenol and .epsilon.-caprolactam.