Abstract: The invention relates to polyurethane foams comprising (i) ethylenimine, polyethylenimine, polyvinylamine, polyvinylamine copolymers, carboxymethylated polyethylenimines, phosphonomethylated polyethylenimines, quarternized polyethylenimines and/or dithiocarbamatized polyethylenimines or (ii) alkali hydroxides and/or alkaline earth metal hydroxides or a mixture consisting of both (i) and (ii).

Abstract: Molded foam bodies made of silicone can be produced in large series by means of known injection molding machines for liquid silicone by virtue of the fact that mixtures of ammonium carbonate, and/or ammonium carbaminate, and/or ammonium hydrogen carbonate, in powdered form, and at least one of the two liquid-paste-like components of liquid silicone are produced and the two liquid silicone components are then processed in the known manner, with the proviso that the mold is not completely filled with the dispersion.

Abstract: The present invention is directed, in general, to a method of polishing a surface on substrates, such as semiconductor wafers and, more specifically, to a polishing pad suitable for this purpose. The polishing pad comprises a polishing body that includes a cross-linked polymer material, and may be incorporated into a polishing apparatus. Polishing includes positioning the substrate containing at least one layer against the polishing body and polishing the layer.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing shoe components using EVA copolymer of film shape having a thickness of 0.01 to 2 mm, preferably 0.1 to 1.0 mm and a surface roughness variations which cannot be easily discriminated through touch or sight, and a shoe component manufactured by the method are provided. The method overcomes the drawbacks caused during the process of manufacturing a shoe component with different mechanical physical properties or colors. The method allows for ease of manufacture of a shoe component with two or more types of colors or physical properties, through a single foam molding process using a film with less variation and ease of processing, to thereby simplify manufacturing procedures and reduce manufacturing costs. In addition, a high quality shoe component with no additional seam-line is obtained.

Abstract: A susceptor-impregnated thermoplastic foam is molded by heating the susceptor-impregnated thermoplastic foam, preferably by induction; imprinting an object against the foam; and allowing the foam to cool into a hardened form conformed to the object.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods for preparing a syntactic foam composition suitable for use as a carrier for chemicals or other compounds, including pharmaceuticals. The invention further relates to compositions prepared in accordance with the methods of the present invention.

Abstract: A macmocellular foam is described having improved cell size and Fire-test-response Characteristics, among other features, which is obtained by selecting a particle size less than 1 micron for the flame retardant adjuvant. The inventors found that the amount of fire retardant adjuvant can be increased for a given foam cell size or the foam cell size can be increased for a given amount of fire retardant adjuvant, allowing the production of foams having exceptionally large, well-formed, cells that have excellent Fire-test-response Characteristics. The benefits are especially noteworthy in relation to thermoplastic foams and inorganic flame retardation adjuvants, due to the unexpected reduction in the nucleation effect of the adjuvant. The foams are useful for improving the acoustic performance of products that are required to meet certain Fire-test-response Characteristics.

Abstract: A composition for a polyolefin resin foam, which comprises a polymer component comprising a polyolefin resin, and at least one of a rubber and a thermoplastic olefin elastomer, and powdery particles, wherein said composition has a melt tension of at least 20 cN when measured in a range between a first temperature at a melting point of said composition and a second temperature that is 20 degrees Celsius higher than said first temperature.

Abstract: Nano-sized particles such as nano-clays can be mixed with polymers through either melt compounding or in-situ polymerization. By modifying the particle surface with various surfactants and controlling processing conditions, we are able to achieve either intercalated (partial dispersion) or exfoliated (full dispersion) nano-clay distribution in polymers with the clay content up to 35% by weight. When a blowing agent is injected into the nanocomposite in an extruder (a continuous mixer) or a batch mixer, polymeric foam can be produced. Supercritical carbon dioxide, an environmentally friendly, low-cost, non-flammable, chemically benign gas is used as the blowing agent. This process forms a microcellular foam with very high cell density (>109 cells/cc) and small cell size (<5 microns) can be achieved by controlling the CO2 content, melt and die temperature, and pressure drop rate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new class of blowing inhibitors and a method for discovering such inhibitors with determinable inhibition activities. The new class of blowing inhibitors are organo-silanes that may be directly adsorbed onto active catalytic sites of blowing catalysts and that can inhibit the thermo-catalytic efficiency of such catalysts.

Abstract: The invention and formulation relates to methods, materials, and products for foam-in-place materials comprising a two-component foam-in-place structural material for producing a foamed product. A first component of the system includes an epoxy-based resin preferably formulated with a coated particles, such as a metal salt, a metal carbonate encapsulated within a wax, or a polymer, (e.g., Thermoset, thermoplastic, or mixture). The metal carbonate particle may be encapsulated within a wax, shell or skin that will change state to expose the core to chemically react for initiating the production of gas for blowing. The second component is an acid that is capable of initiating polymerization of the resin.

Abstract: There is provided a foamable poly(vinyl chloride) resin composition which can remarkably improve an expansion ratio. There is used a foamable poly(vinyl chloride) resin composition comprising 100 parts by weight of (A) a poly(vinyl chloride) resin, 0.5 to 30 parts by weight of (B) a processing aid, and 0.

Abstract: A method for forming microcellular foams that causes the material to expand uniaxially during the foaming process, and a method for forming objects from the foam. Liquid crystal polymers or polymers having a planar crystalline structure are saturated with a fluid, normally a gas such as carbon dioxide. The ambient conditions are changed such that the fluid is in a supersaturated state, and the material is brought to near its glass transition temperature to induce the formation of nonspherical elongated gas-filled cells. A process for making objects, such as transducer diaphragms, from microcellular foams includes the step of forming the objects prior to the foaming process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new class of blowing inhibitors and a method for discovering such inhibitors with determinable inhibition activities. The new class of blowing inhibitors are organo-silanes that may be directly adsorbed onto active catalytic sites of blowing catalysts and that can inhibit the thermo-catalytic efficiency of such catalysts.

Abstract: An expandable vinyl chloride resin composition which can provide foamed articles having a greatly enhanced expansion ratio without remarkably lowering the surface property and strength by the use of thermally decomposable blowing agents without the use of organic solvent blowing agents, and which comprises 100 parts by weight of a vinyl chloride resin, 0.5 to 30 parts by weight of, as a processing aid, a two stage (meth)acrylic ester polymer having a specific viscosity of at least 0.5 (0.1 % chloroform solution, 30° C.) prepared by polymerizing a monomer component containing as a main component a monomer selected from acrylic esters and methacrylic esters excepting methyl methacrylate in the presence of a latex of a methyl methacrylate polymer having a specific viscosity of at least 0.7, 0.3 to 25 parts by weight of a thermally decomposable inorganic blowing agent, 0.01 to 15 parts by weight of a thermally decomposable organic blowing agent and 0 to 20 parts by weight of a filler.

Abstract: Methods of forming crosslinked hyaluronic acid anti-adhesion barriers, crosslinked hyaluronic acid anti-adhesions barriers, methods for preventing or inhibiting adhesions, and methods of promoting healing of a wound are provided. The method of forming the crosslinked hyaluronic acid anti-adhesion barrier includes freeze-drying a solution including hyaluronic acid to form a hyaluronic acid foam, which is then reacted with a crosslinking agent to form a crosslinked hyaluronic acid foam. The crosslinked hyaluronic acid foam is mixed with a solution containing hyaluronic acid to form an anti-adhesion barrier.

Abstract: A foam composition that includes a vehicle and surface-modified nanoparticles disposed in the vehicle. The individual nanoparticles having a particle diameter of less than about 100 nanometers.

Abstract: Foamable polypropylene composition comprising a polypropylene resin having an D1238L melt flow rate of from about 0.5 to about 30 g/10 min, and a method for extruding rigid, foamed polypropylene sheet with improved surface appearance having a density in the range 0.4 to about 0.

Abstract: The present invention has its object to provide a foam outstanding in electrification and heat insulating and sound insulating properties and has high compressive strength even when it has low density. The present invention relates to a foam comprising an organic polymer expanded matrix (I) and at least one kind of inorganic substance (II) selected from the group consisting of metals, metal compounds and non-metal inorganic fillers, wherein said expanded matrix (I) contains metal salt-crosslinks and the relation between the weight percentage (M) of the metal forming said metal salt-crosslinks in the expanded matrix (I) based on the total weight of the expanded matrix (I) and the inorganic substance (II) and the weight percentage (S) of the inorganic substance (II) based on the total weight of the expanded matrix (I) and the inorganic substance (II) satisfies the following expression. M≧10−S/4  (1) wherein M≦50 and S≧5.

Abstract: Foamed thermoplastic polyolefin elastomer is formed by heating a foamable thermoplastic polyolefin elastomer-containing polymeric composition containing each of a first water-releasing blowing agent which is at least one of metal hydroxide and water hydrate of a salt of a metal of Group 1 or Group 2 of the Periodic Table and a second blowing agent which is neither a metal hydroxide nor a water hydrate of a salt of a metal of Group 1 or Group 2 of the Periodic Table, to a temperature above the melting point of the polyolefin elastomer. The second blowing agent may be a chemical blowing agent and may release, water, a mixture of water and carbon dioxide or another gas, including carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen.

Abstract: Foamable polypropylene composition comprising a polypropylene resin having an D1238L melt flow rate of from about 0.5 to about 30 g/10 min, and a method for extruding rigid, foamed polypropylene sheet with improved surface appearance having a density in the range 0.4 to about 0.8 g/cm3.

Abstract: The invention concerns nucleating agent systems for foamable polymer compositions, preferably fluoropolymer resins, having foam cell nucleation sites using titanium dioxide based nucleating agents, and foamable polymers comprising the nucleating agents. The nucleating agent systems comprise TiO2, certain inorganic salts, and, optionally, sulfonic acid salts and/or phosphonic acid salts. The invention also concerns foamable composition concentrates and foamed thermoplastic insulation material comprising fluoropolymer and the nucleating agent systems.

Abstract: The invention concerns nucleating agent systems for foamable polymer compositions, preferably fluoropolymer resins, having foam cell nucleation sites using titanium dioxide based nucleating agents, and foamable polymers comprising the nucleating agents. The nucleating agent systems comprise TiO2, certain inorganic salts, and, optionally, sulfonic acid salts and/or phosphonic acid salts. The invention also concerns foamable composition concentrates and foamed thermoplastic insulation material comprising fluoropolymer and the nucleating agent systems.

Abstract: Provided is a porous film which is excellent in a water vapor transmission rate, a tear strength and a weatherability. This porous film can be produced by melt-extruding, for example, by a T-die method, a composition comprising 100 parts by weight of a resin blend (1) comprising 100 parts by weight of {circle around (1)} an ethylene-propylene copolymer, 3 to 40 parts by weight of {circle around (2)} a low density polyethylene and 3 to 40 parts by weight of {circle around (3)} an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and 100 to 200 parts by weight of calcium carbonate (2), or a composition comprising 100 parts by weight of the above resin blend (1), 100 to 200 parts by weight of calcium carbonate (2), 0.5 to 20 parts by weight of titanium dioxide (3) coated on a surface thereof with silica and/or alumina, 0.2 to 10 parts by weight of a hindered amine light stabilizer (4) having a molecular weight of 1500 to 4500 and 0.

Abstract: Particulate, expandable styrene polymers capable of being processed into hard foamed plastic materials of a small density and containing, therefore, at least one foaming agent comprise at least aluminum in a particulate form for improving their thermal insulation properties. The styrene polymer particles comprise, after their expansion, a fine cell structure and contain the aluminum particles incorporated in a homogeneous distribution as an infrared ray reflecting material. The main proportion of these aluminum particles has the shape of platelets having a size between 1 and 15 &mgr;m. Styrene polymer particles produced in this manner can be foamed into plastic materials of foamed polystyrene particles which have a density of 30 g/l in maximum and improved heat insulation characteristics.

Abstract: By blending acicular conductive titanium oxide and an antistatic agent having a metal ion-containing moiety in an organopolysiloxane having at least two aliphatic unsaturated groups, there is obtained a silicone rubber composition which is curable with an organic peroxide and/or an organohydrogenpolysiloxane/platinum group catalyst. The composition cures into silicone rubber having a stabilized resistivity in the semiconductive region, especially in the range of 1×103 to 1×1012 &OHgr;-cm, even under high voltages. The composition is thus suitable as a semiconductive roll material for use as charging rolls, transfer rolls and developing rolls.

Abstract: There is provided a process for producing a foamed rubber comprising a step of foaming a rubber composition, which composition comprises: (A) 100 parts by weight of an ethylene-&agr;-olefin copolymer rubber, (B) 10 to 100 parts by weight of mica, and (C) 2 to 10 parts by weight of a foaming agent.

Abstract: A process for preparing expandable particulate styrene polymers wherein from 5 to 50% by weight of expanded graphite and also, if desired, from 2 to 20% by weight of a phosphorus compound, are present as flame retardants, by suspension polymerization of styrene in the presence of the flame retardants.

Abstract: The invention relates to sensor membranes for determining oxygen concentrations and to a process for the preparation thereof, in which, in a polymer matrix which is permeable to oxygen, an indicator is present whose optical and physicochemical properties can be influenced by the respective analytes. Starting from the disadvantages of known sensor membranes, it is the object of the invention to provide a sensor membrane which is thermally and also dimensionally stable, and can be prepared simply and flexibly. This object is achieved according to the invention in that the polymer matrix which contains the optical oxygen indicator is formed from a polymer containing sulfur, preferably in the main chain, particularly preferably containing sulfide and/or sulfone functionalities in the main chain.

Abstract: A foam composition and method of making the same. The foam of the present invention comprises a mixture of glutarate ester plasticizer, adipate ester plasticizer, alcohol carboxylic acid ester, cell stabilizer, barium/zinc activator stabilizer, potassium/zinc activator stabilizer or zinc stabilizer, azodicarbonamide blowing agent, low-fogging vinyl dispersion resin, vinyl blending resin, and black acrylic pigment dispersion. The foam is made by the process of mixing the ingredients until a homogenous liquid mixture is present, de-airing the homogeneous liquid mixture, casting the liquid mixture on a non-fogging release-coated surface, expanding the cast liquid mixture by exposing it to an elevated temperature for a prescribed duration of time, and then either cooling the expanded mixture and winding it into rolls, or coating the stabilized composition with pressure sensitive adhesive, cooling it, and then winding it into rolls.

Abstract: Provided is a polyolefin base porous film comprising a polyolefin composition in which calcium carbonate particles, preferably calcium carbonate particles subjected to surface treatment with chain carboxylic acid having 3 to 6 carbon atoms are dispersed. This polyolefin base porous film is characterized by that the leached solution with water has a pH which falls in the vicinity of neutrality and has a low stimulation to the skin, and therefore it is useful for goods contacting human bodies, particularly a back sheet for a sanitary napkin.

Abstract: A gelling material is composed of water-absorbent resin 12 wrapped in a bag composed of two laminated water-soluble sheets 1.1, the water-absorbent resin being prepared so as to enable the bag to be disintegrated by an inner pressure generated when an expanded volume of the water-absorbent resin by absorbing water through the bag exceeds a maximum volume capacity. When the gelling material is added to the aqueous fluid, the water-absorbent resin 12 is spread in the aqueous fluid at a stroke, and is diffused uniformly. Thus, the water-absorbent resin 12 is brought fully in contact with the aqueous fluid. Since this enables the aqueous fluid to be gelled in a short period of time, the aqueous fluid can be processed speedily. Even the aqueous fluids, which are difficult to be handled by the conventional gelling material, can be gelled conveniently in a short period of time, and the resulting gell can be easily handled, thereby enabling an easy disposal of the aqueous fluids, i.e., the gell.

Abstract: The invention concerns nucleating agent systems for foamable polymer compositions, preferably fluoropolymer resins, having foam cell nucleation sites using titanium dioxide based nucleating agents, and foamable polymers comprising the nucleating agents. The nucleating agent systems comprise TiO2, certain inorganic salts, and, optionally, sulphonic acid and/or phosphonic salts. The invention also concerns foamable composition concentrates and foamed thermoplastic insulation material comprising fluoropolymer agent systems.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a process for preparing porous polymer materials by a combination of gas foaming and particulate leaching steps. The invention is also directed to porous polymer material prepared by the process, particularly having a characteristic interconnected pore structure, and to methods for using such porous polymer material, particularly for tissue engineering.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing silicone foams from silicone masses containing ammonium carbonate or ammonium hydrogen or alkali hydrogen carbonates and UHF-active substances, by means of ultra-high frequency waves.

Abstract: It provides a blowing agent which is significantly inhibited from solidification and is exceedingly useful as a blowing agent satisfactory in flowability, dispersibility into resins, and the like, even after the lapse of a prolonged period of time, and a process for producing the same. The blowing agent of the present invention is substantially anhydrous blowing agent, and it is obtained by treating a blowing agent with a surface-treating agent capable of removing water from the blowing agent, followed by optionally heating during or after the treatment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a medium density chlorinated polyvinyl chloride foam and the method of preparing such a foam. The foam having a specific gravity in the range of about 0.3 to about 1.5 comprises chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, a nitrogen containing decomposition type blowing agent, a tin stabilizer, a costabilizer and a high molecular weight process aid.

Abstract: A process for injection-foaming a thermoplastic resin by using an injection molding machine with a two-stage-compression screw, injecting a physical foaming agent into the cylinder of the machine at a pressure lower than the storage pressure of the physical foaming agent, mixing it with a melted resin and expanding the volume of the cavity of the mold at the time of injection, and an injection molding machine and resin composition suitable therefore.

Abstract: A process for making a macrocellular acoustic foam is disclosed in which a foamable gel made of a blowing agent and a polymeric resin composition is subjected to an extrusion process at a die pressure greater than the prefoaming critical die pressure but less than or equal to four times that of said prefoaming critical die pressure and macrocellular foams obtainable by that process are also disclosed which are made of:

Abstract: The instant invention relates to a coating, which can be applied to one or both sides of a flexible resin film, including flexible printed circuits made therefrom, in order to impart acceptable flammability characteristics to the material. The coating has the properties of being: (1) acceptable from the standpoint of improving the flammability rating to the product, (2) amenable to high speed production, in that it has a relatively fast curing rate, (3) directly applicable to the surface of the product and, in order to simplify the manufacturing process, it does not require pretreatment of the surface, and (4) acceptable from an aesthetics / appearance standpoint.

Abstract: A mineral containing thermoplastic granule for incorporation in a thermoplastic material to produce a thermoplastic end product, the granule comprising at least 50% by weight of an inorganic particulate material, at least 0.1% by weight of an additive comprising a blowing agent, and the balance comprising a thermoplastic binder.

Abstract: The object is to obtain a foam, an interior material, and a molded article destined for an interior automotive or other vehicular material which can inhibit the formation of crystals in the fogging test.

Abstract: A moldable silicone rubber sponge composition comprising (A) 100 weight parts silicone rubber base compound with a Williams plasticity at 25° C. of 50 to 600 comprising (a) 100 weight parts diorganopolysiloxane gum that contains at least 2 alkenyl groups in each molecule and (b) 1 to 120 weight parts wet-process silica, (B) 0.01 to 50 weight parts hollow gas-containing thermoplastic resin powder, and (C) curing agent in an amount sufficient to effect curing of the composition. The invention is further a silicone rubber sponge afforded by the thermosetting of the above-defined moldable silicone rubber sponge composition and a method for producing the silicone rubber sponge.

Abstract: Semi-crystalline microcellular foams that include a midlevel amount of nucleating agent, and methods of their production, are provided. The microcellular foams can be produced in typical polymer processing techniques such as extrusion, injection molding and blow molding. The foams exhibit excellent mechanical properties and can be formed over a broad range of density into a number of different foam articles.

Abstract: Processes for producing alkenyl aromatic foams utilizing a cycloaliphatic gas as blowing agent, are described. Also disclosed are alkenyl aromatic foams produced by the process which exhibit increased thermal insulation properties.

Abstract: Method for obtaining the foamed organosilicon compositions, involving mixing of organosiloxane rubber (OR), organosilicon joining agent (JA) and modifier (M). Agents acting like (OR) are represented by polyorganosiloxane block-copolymers having formula as follows: {[R1SiO1.5]a[R2(OH)SiO]b, [R3R4SiO]c}n, where: R1R2R3R4 are aliphatic, aromatic radicals having from 1 to 6 atoms carbon; n is an integer from 30 to 360; c=1; a is selected from the 0.019-3.760 interval; b is selected from the 0.008-0.240 interval; or the mixture of the above block-copolymer with the “&agr;”, “&ohgr;”-dihydroxypolydiorganosiloxane in the ratio of (0.05-0.

Abstract: A foamed ionomer polymer comprising metal ions pertaining to the IA, IIA, or IIB Group of the Periodic Table, and a crystalline or semicrystalline graft copolymer where the backbone polymer chain of the graft copolymer is a polymer of an olefin selected from ethylene and C3-C10 &agr;-olefins, and the grafted chains comprise monomers containing at least one functional group selected from carboxylic groups and their derivatives.

Abstract: A foam composition and method of making the same. The foam of the present invention comprises a mixture of glutarate ester plasticizer, adipate ester plasticizer, alcohol carboxylic acid ester, cell stabilizer, barium/zinc activator stabilizer, potassium/zinc activator stabilizer, azodicarbonamide blowing agent, low-fogging vinyl dispersion resin, vinyl blending resin, black acrylic pigment dispersion, and oxazoline viscosity reducer. The foam is made by the process of mixing the ingredients until a homogenous liquid mixture is present, de-airing the homogeneous liquid mixture, casting the liquid mixture on a non-fogging release-coated surface, expanding the cast liquid mixture by exposing it to an elevated temperature for a prescribed duration of time, and then either cooling the expanded mixture and winding it into rolls, or coating the stabilized composition with pressure sensitive adhesive, cooling it, and then winding it into rolls.

Abstract: Method and composition for making an expanded polyethylene material by forming a foamable melt of polyethylene, a nucleating agent, a material which retards migration of alkanes, and a blowing agent which comprises 10 to 100 mole percent ethane. In one disclosed embodiment, the melt is passed through an annular extrusion die to form an elongated tube of extruded material which is then expanded, slit lengthwise and laid flat to form a sheet of the expanded material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing a foamed thermoplastic elastomeric article,comprising the following steps: heating a mixture comprising a thermoplastic elastomer selected from the group comprising styrene based thermoplastic elastomers and thermoplastic polyolefin elastomers, and an effective amount of a water releasing chemical compound, to a temperature at which the water releasing chemical compound releases water, which is above the melting point of the thermoplastic elastomer, and releasing the resulting heated mixture to atmospheric conditions. The invention also relates to a foamable polymeric composition as well as to a foamed thermoplastic elastomeric article.