Ingredient Contains Only C And H Atoms, Only C And Halogen Atoms, Or Only C, H, And Halogen Atoms Patents (Class 521/98)
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Patent number: 5093377Abstract: The use of 1,1-difluoroethane (HFC-152a) and dimethyl ether, optionally with up to 50 mole % of water, as the blowing agent is disclosed as an efficient route to a rigid, closed-cell polyurethane or polyisocyanurate foam of improved cell structure and excellent insulation properties.Type: GrantFiled: August 19, 1991Date of Patent: March 3, 1992Assignee: E. I. du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventors: Philip L. Bartlett, Joseph A. Creazzo
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Patent number: 5080823Abstract: The invention relates to an azeotrope with a minimum boiling point, capable of being employed as a refrigerating fluid replacing trifluorobromomethane (Halon 1301) in industrial refrigeration systems at very low temperature with single-stage compression.The azeotrope according to the invention is a mixture of 1,1,1-trifluoroethane (HFA 143a) and of propane (R290). At the normal boiling point (approximately -53.4.degree. C. at 1.013 bars), its 1,1,1-trifluoroethane content is approximately 70.6 mass % and that of propane 29.4 %.This azeotrope can also be employed as an aerosol propellant or as a blowing agent for plastic foams.Type: GrantFiled: April 2, 1991Date of Patent: January 14, 1992Assignee: Societe AtochemInventors: Didier Arnaud, Jean C. Tanguy
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Patent number: 5071703Abstract: Foam sheets of high heat distortion resistance contain a) from 80 to 99% by weight of a styrene polymer and b) from 1 to 20% by weight of poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide), and, if desired, conventional additives and are produced by extrusion using a low-boiling blowing agent.Type: GrantFiled: January 10, 1991Date of Patent: December 10, 1991Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Reinhold Weber, Gerhard Alicke, Manfred Weilbacher, Uwe Guhr, Klaus Hahn
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Patent number: 5071882Abstract: The polymerization in aqueous suspension of at least one vinylaromatic monomer is carried out in the presence, relative to the vinylaromatic monomer, of approximately 0.01% to 0.06% by weight of at least one polyethylene wax and of approximately 0.005% to 0.1% by weight of at least one nonionic surface-active agent which has an HLB value of between 7 and 16.Materials obtained from expandable beads prepared according to this polymerization process.Type: GrantFiled: February 19, 1991Date of Patent: December 10, 1991Assignee: AtochemInventor: Hugues Godfrin
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Patent number: 5070113Abstract: The invention provides:a blowing composition for producing foamed articles of polyurethane comprising at least one of chloropentafluoropropane and isomer thereof,a blowing composition for producing foamed articles of polyurethane comprising (a) at least one of chloropentafluoropropane and isomers thereof and (b) 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane anda blowing composition for producing foamed articles of polyurethane comprising (a) at least one of chloropentafluoropropane and isomers thereof and (c) at least one of dichlorotrifluoroethane and isomers thereof.Type: GrantFiled: June 5, 1990Date of Patent: December 3, 1991Assignee: Daikin Industries, Ltd.Inventors: Yukio Omure, Kisuke Kitano
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Patent number: 5066418Abstract: Azeotropic mixtures of 3-chloro-1,1,1-trifluoropropane (HCFC-253fb) with trans-1,2-dichloroethylene (t-HCC-1130) are useful in solvent cleaning applications.Type: GrantFiled: October 18, 1990Date of Patent: November 19, 1991Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventor: Abid N. Merchant
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Patent number: 5064560Abstract: Azeotropic mixtures of 1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5-decafluoropentane and trans 1,2-dichloroethylene with methanl or ethanol, the azeotropic mixtures being useful in solvent cleaning applications.Type: GrantFiled: October 11, 1990Date of Patent: November 12, 1991Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventor: Abid N. Merchant
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Patent number: 5064559Abstract: Azeotropic mixtures of 1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5-decafluoropentane and methanol or ethanol or isopropanol, the azeotropic mixtures being useful in solvent cleaning applications, as blowing agents, refrigerants, heating mediums and aerosol propellants.Type: GrantFiled: October 11, 1990Date of Patent: November 12, 1991Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventors: Abid N. Merchant, Carl G. Krespan
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Patent number: 5061394Abstract: The azeotrope of 1-chloro-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane and dimethyl ether is useful as a refrigerant, aerosol propellant and polymer foam blowing agent.Type: GrantFiled: March 13, 1990Date of Patent: October 29, 1991Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventors: Donald B. Bivens, Akimichi Yokozeki, Philip L. Bartlett, Joseph A. Creazzo
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Patent number: 5057547Abstract: The present invention is directed to the use of a mixture of specific chlorofluorocarbons and specific hydrocarbons in the production of rigid, closed cell foams.Type: GrantFiled: April 6, 1990Date of Patent: October 15, 1991Assignee: Mobay CorporationInventor: Herman P. Doerge
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Patent number: 5053437Abstract: Expandable and expanded plastic materials having a majority of alkyl acrylate monomeric repeat units are disclosed. These materials when expanded have a volume expansion of at least 60 and maintain that volume expansion for a period of at least 30 minutes under expansion conditions after reaching the volume expansion of 60. Expandable and expanded plastic materials having a majority of alkyl acrylate monomeric repeat units and an inhibitor for the monomer(s) and a crosslinker incorporated into the plastic material upon monomer polymerization are also disclosed. Also disclosed are expandable and expanded plastic materials having a majority of alkyl acrylate monomeric repeat units with blowing agents of 2,2-dimethylbutane, 2,3-dimethylbutane or mixtures of one or both with 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane or mixtures of at least 30 percent of one or both with other volatile blowing agents.Type: GrantFiled: November 1, 1990Date of Patent: October 1, 1991Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Norman G. Moll, David R. Johnson
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Patent number: 5051452Abstract: Novel polymeric blends comprising from 45-90% by weight of at least one vinylaromatic resinous material, 10-55% by weight of at least one vinylidene chloride polymer and, optionally but preferably, an effective amount of at least one blowing or expansion agent. The invention blends provide products having improved oxygen and water permeability, improved toughness, and improved flammability resistance.Type: GrantFiled: February 13, 1990Date of Patent: September 24, 1991Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventor: Floyd E. Romesberg
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Patent number: 5051451Abstract: Expandable and expanded plastic materials having a majority of alkyl acrylate monomeric repeat units are disclosed. These materials when expanded have a volume expansion of at least 60 and maintain that volume expansion for a period of at least 30 minutes under expansion conditions after reaching the volume expansion of 60. Expandable and expanded plastic materials having a majority of alkyl acrylate monomeric repeat units and an inhibitor for the monomer(s) and a crosslinker incorporated into the plastic material upon monomer polymerization are also disclosed. Also disclosed are expandable and expanded plastic materials having a majority of alkyl acrylate monomeric repeat units with blowing agents of 2,2-dimethylbutane, 2,3-dimethylbutane or mixtures of one or both with 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane or mixtures of at least 30 percent of one or both with other volatile blowing agents.Type: GrantFiled: February 6, 1990Date of Patent: September 24, 1991Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Norman G. Moll, David R. Johnson
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Patent number: 5039445Abstract: Azeotropic mixtures of n-perfluorobutylethylene and cis-1,2-dichloroethylene with methanol or ethanol or isopropanol, the azeotropic mixtures being useful as: cleaning agents, blowing agents, refrigerants, aerosol propellants, heat transfer media and power cycle working fluids.Type: GrantFiled: October 3, 1990Date of Patent: August 13, 1991Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventor: Abid N. Merchant
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Patent number: 5037573Abstract: The azeotropic mixture of 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane and n-perfluorobutylethylene is disclosed. The azeotropic mixture is useful as: a cleaning agent, a blowing agent, a refrigerant, an aerosol propellant, a fire extinguishing agent, a heat transfer medium and a power cycle working fluid.Type: GrantFiled: October 3, 1990Date of Patent: August 6, 1991Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventor: Abid N. Merchant
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Patent number: 5037572Abstract: Azeotropic mixtures of n-perfluorobutylethylene and trans-1,2-dichloroethylene with methanol or ethanol or isopropanol are disclosed. The azerotropic mixtures are useful as: cleaning agents, blowing agents, refrigerants, aerosol propellants, heat transfer media and power cycle working fluids.Type: GrantFiled: October 3, 1990Date of Patent: August 6, 1991Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventor: Abid N. Merchant
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Patent number: 5035833Abstract: A blowing agent composition for use in preparing a polyurethane foam, which is a mixture of dichlorotrifluoroethane and at least one of paraffins having 5 and 6 carbon atoms in a weight ratio of from 97:3 to 70:30.Type: GrantFiled: November 16, 1989Date of Patent: July 30, 1991Assignee: Du Pont-Mitsui Fluorochemicals Co., Ltd.Inventors: Motosuke Ogawa, Hiromitsu Fukazawa, Yasumasa Ogawa
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Binary azeotropic compositions of hexafluoropropylene/ethylene cyclic dimer with methanol or ethanol
Patent number: 5035830Abstract: Azeotropic mixtures of hexafluoropropylene/ethylene cyclic dimer with methanol or ethanol, the azeotropic mixtures being useful as: cleaning agents, blowing agents, refrigerants, aerosol propellants, heat transfer media and power cycle working fluids.Type: GrantFiled: March 21, 1990Date of Patent: July 30, 1991Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventor: Abid N. Merchant -
Patent number: 5026738Abstract: Rigid foam is produced without using fluorocarbons as a foaming agent by ing an oligomer mixture of monomer and dimers to heximers, flame retardant, nitrogen liberating catalysts, cell regulating agents, foam stabilizer and foam regulator, crosslinking agents and wetting agent, preheating the mixture, and pouring the mixture into a mold, keeping the temperature at a value from 50.degree. to 70.degree. C. and upon completed polymerization removing the product from the mold.Type: GrantFiled: May 3, 1990Date of Patent: June 25, 1991Assignee: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Forderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.Inventor: Stefan Meinhard
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Patent number: 5026497Abstract: Azeotropic mixtures of perfluoro-1,2-dimethylcyclobutane, methanol and either 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane or dichlorotrifluoroethane, are useful in solvent cleaning applications, and as refrigerants, aerosol propellants and polymer blowing agents.Type: GrantFiled: March 12, 1990Date of Patent: June 25, 1991Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventor: Abid N. Merchant
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Patent number: 5026499Abstract: An azeotropic mixture of hexafluoropropylene/ethylene cyclic dimer (dimer) with trans-1,2-dichloroethylene and methanol is useful in solvent cleaning applications and as refrigerants, aerosol propellants and blowing agents.Type: GrantFiled: March 21, 1990Date of Patent: June 25, 1991Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventor: Abid N. Merchant
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Patent number: 5023010Abstract: Azeotropic mixtures of 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoro-3-methoxypropane with methanol or isopropanol or n-propanol, the azeotropic mixtures being useful in solvent cleaning applications.Type: GrantFiled: July 23, 1990Date of Patent: June 11, 1991Assignee: E. I. du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventor: Abid N. Merchant
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Patent number: 5023009Abstract: The azeotropic mixture of 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoro-3-methoxypropane and 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropanol-1, and the use of such azeotropic mixture as: a cleaning agent, a blowing agent, a refrigerant, an aerosol propellant, a heat transfer medium, a fire extinguishing agent, a gaseous dielectric and a power cycle working fluid is disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: October 3, 1990Date of Patent: June 11, 1991Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventor: Abid N. Merchant
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Patent number: 5011866Abstract: Alkenyl aromatic thermoplastic synthetic resinous elongate foam bodies having a machine direction, a traverse direction and closed noninterconnecting gas-containing cells are prepared using at least 70 percent by weight of 1,1,1-trifluoroethane and or 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane as a blowing agent or part of a blowing agent mixture. These foam bodies have an average cell size of 0.01 to 0.3 millimeters, a density of from about 0.75 to about 6.0 pounds per cubic foot, an absolute dimensional stability of less than 4 percent in any direction when measured by the test designated ASTM D2126/C578, and preferably a minimum cross-sectional dimension of at least 0.25 inch, a cross-sectional area of at least 8 square inches, a water vapor permeability not greater than 1.8 per inch.A cell size enlarger agent may be necessary for cell sizes in the 0.2-0.3 range.Type: GrantFiled: November 8, 1989Date of Patent: April 30, 1991Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventor: Kyung W. Suh
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Patent number: 5010111Abstract: Flame-resistant, expandable styrene polymers containing a styrene (co)polymer, from 0.4 to 6% by weight of hexabromocyclododecane having a mean particle size of from 1 to 50 .mu.m, the particles being provided with a firm coating which has a thickness of from 1/100 to 1/10 of the particle diameter and is insoluble in water and styrene, from 1 to 10% by weight of a C.sub.3 - to C.sub.6 -hydrocarbon as blowing agent, and, if desired, customary additives, are distinguished by a reduced internal water content and can be processed to form foams which have an improved foam structure and high UV stability.Type: GrantFiled: August 10, 1990Date of Patent: April 23, 1991Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Klaus Hahn, Uwe Guhr, Hans Hintz, Dietmar Wittenberg, Peter Gleich
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Patent number: 5006568Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a volatile foaming agent composition for thermoplastic resins capable of producing a thermoplastic resin foam without any shinkage or expansion after foaming.A volatile foaming agent composition for thermoplastic resins according to the present invention comprises 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoro-ethane.As the permeability of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoro-ethane in thermoplastic resins is smaller than that of the air, volatile foaming agent composition containing 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoro-ethane and other kind of volatile foaming agent having permeability higher than that of the air can be regulated to have the permeability similar to that of the air.Accordingly, the permeating speed of volatile foaming agent from the inside of foam cells to the outside and the permeating speed of substituting air into the foam cells from outside can be balanced and any shrinkage or expansion after foaming can be avoided.Type: GrantFiled: August 2, 1990Date of Patent: April 9, 1991Assignee: Dupont-Mitsui Fuluorochemicals Co., Ltd.Inventors: Hiromitsu Fukazawa, Motosuke Ogawa
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Patent number: 4997589Abstract: Novel azeotrope-like compositions comprising 1,2-difluoroethane and dichlorotrifuoroethane which are useful in a variety of industrial applications including refrigerant applications, solvent applications, and blowing agent applications.Type: GrantFiled: December 15, 1989Date of Patent: March 5, 1991Assignee: Allied-Signal Inc.Inventors: Earl E. A. Lund, Ian R. Shankland, Ellen L. Swan
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Patent number: 4988740Abstract: A foamed thermoplastic elastomer having a substantially uniform closed cell structure and having a specific gravity of less than about 0l.40, an energy return ratio greater than about 0.50 when compressed and released said foam being prepared from a thermoplastic multi-block copolymer elastomer having a Shore D hardness of 25-75.Type: GrantFiled: June 15, 1989Date of Patent: January 29, 1991Assignee: E. I. du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventors: Timothy H. Walter, Thomas M. Pontiff
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Patent number: 4980382Abstract: Fire-retardant expandable vinyl aromatic polymer beads are prepared by an aqueous suspension method whereby micronized hexabromocyclododecane and a volatile aliphatic hydrocarbon foaming agent are incorporated into particles of a thermoplastic such as polystyrene. The beads are useful in the preparation of molded foam articles having excellent resistance to flame.Type: GrantFiled: May 4, 1990Date of Patent: December 25, 1990Assignee: ARCO Chemical Technology, Inc.Inventors: Fred M. Sonnenberg, Dennis M. Hajnik
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Patent number: 4975394Abstract: A sintered silicon oxynitride composition comprises as an amount of starting material the combination of (a) a silicon component comprising silicon nitride(Si.sub.3 N.sub.4) and silicon oxide(SiO.sub.2) in a mol ratio of SiO.sub.2 /Si.sub.3 N.sub.4 being 0.7 to 1.2, and (b) at least one second component selected from an aluminum oxide, an aluminum nitride, a rare earth oxide, and a rare earth nitride, said second component being in an amount of from about 0.1 to 10 mol per 100 mol of said silicon component.Type: GrantFiled: April 28, 1988Date of Patent: December 4, 1990Assignees: NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd., Kozo Iizuka, Director-General of Agency of Industrial Science and TechnologyInventors: Shuzo Kanzaki, Masayoshi Ohashi, Hideyo Tabata, Osami Abe, Tooru Shimamori, Koichi Moori
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Patent number: 4973610Abstract: Expandable styrene polymers which contain a C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -hydrocarbon as a blowing agent, an organic bromine compound as a flameproofing agent and small amounts of ammonium salt and of an organic amine give, on expansion, foams which have a particularly homogenous foam structure and a good heat insulation effect.Type: GrantFiled: April 10, 1990Date of Patent: November 27, 1990Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Klaus Hahn, Uwe Guhr, Hans Hintz, Karl H. Roehrig
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Patent number: 4966921Abstract: It is well known that the use of the blowing agent monofluortrichlormethane, also called Freon 11 or R-11, for the production of polyurethane foam is highly disadvantageous in that R-11 has a decomposing effect on the ozone layer around our planet. In spite of a vast scientific research it has not so far been possible to provide a practically usable substitute for R-11, but such a substitute of a simple nature is provided by the invention. According to the invention use is made of a mixture of specific substances, which are generally undangerous in use and also otherwise advantageous, but the boiling points of which are so remote from the usual working temperature that each one of the substances will be totally unusable for the purpose. The two primary substances are 1.1.1.trichloroethane and R-22 with boiling points 75.degree.-76.degree. C. and -41.degree. C.Type: GrantFiled: January 16, 1990Date of Patent: October 30, 1990Inventor: Hans Jorgen Ostergaard
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Patent number: 4962131Abstract: The invention is a composition useful for the preparation of POWADIR membranes of a bisphenol-based polycarbonate wherein at least 25 percent by weight of the bisphenol moieties are tetrahalogenated, wherein the halogen is Cl or Br, the composition comprising (i) a bisphenol-based polycarbonate wherein at least 25 percent by weight of the bisphenol moieties are tetrahalogenated, wherein the halogen is Cl or Br, (ii) a solvent for such polycarbonate, and (iii) a non-solvent for such polycarbonate. The composition is useful for extruding membranes wherein the membranes formed are POWADIR membranes with a discriminating region capable of separating oxygen from nitrogen.The composition of this invention allows the formation of membranes with excellent physical properties, good separation factors for oxygen and nitrogen, with excellent fluxes.Type: GrantFiled: November 6, 1987Date of Patent: October 9, 1990Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Henry N. Beck, Edgar S. Sanders, Jr., G. Glenn Lipscomb, II
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Patent number: 4959397Abstract: Soft and low-density foam materials, obtained by means of an extrusion expansion (with physical blowing agents) of particular copolymers of ethylene with vinylacetate (and/or with alkyl esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid), are found to be very suitable for the manufacture of expanded articles with little shrinkage after expansion, free from creases on the surface or cracks on the cell walls, and having excellent characteristics, higher compressive strength and so on.Type: GrantFiled: April 13, 1989Date of Patent: September 25, 1990Assignee: Montedipe S.p.A.Inventors: Corrado Brichta, Annibale Vezzoli, Angelo Borghi
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Patent number: 4956395Abstract: The invention comprises a blowing agent composition useful in the production of insulating styrenic foams comprising ethylchoride, propane and a halogenated ethane selected from the group consisting of 1,1,1-trifluoro-2-fluoroethane, 1-chloro-1,1-difluoro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane (FC-142b) and mixtures thereof. The invention further comprises a method to produce dimensionally stable insulating styrenic foams using the blowing agent composition. The blowing agent composition has a significantly reduced ozone reactivity potential compared to previous commercial styrenic foam blowing agents.Type: GrantFiled: January 18, 1990Date of Patent: September 11, 1990Assignee: Amoco CorporationInventor: Edward C. Leduc
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Patent number: 4954289Abstract: Azeotropes of 1-chloro-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane or 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane with n-butane or isobutane and their use as propellants and foam blowing agents.Type: GrantFiled: June 12, 1989Date of Patent: September 4, 1990Assignee: E. I. du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventors: Philip L. Bartlett, Joseph A. Creazzo, Robert A. Gorski
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Patent number: 4954290Abstract: Azeotropes of 1,1-dichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane with pentanes and their use as cleaning agents and foam blowing agents.Type: GrantFiled: June 12, 1989Date of Patent: September 4, 1990Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventors: Philip L. Bartlett, Joseph A. Creazzo, Robert A. Gorski
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Patent number: 4952615Abstract: A fireproof, compressible, intumescent, elastomeric material useful to seal expansion joints, curtain wall gaps and penetrations in floors and walls in order to prevent the passage of flame and smoke. A seal of the material retains strength before and after exposure to fire and provides superior resistance to the impact, erosion, and cooling effects of a hose stream used to combat a fire. The composition of this compressible, fireproof material consists of elastomers, vulcanizing agents, fillers, softening agents, and an intumescent. This fireproof material may be in cellular or noncellular form with various degrees of compressibility and softness. It can be produced in sheets, molded parts, and continuous length strips. It may be vulcanized or nonvulcanized.Type: GrantFiled: May 13, 1988Date of Patent: August 28, 1990Assignee: Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing CompanyInventor: Walton W. Welna
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Patent number: 4952428Abstract: A composition useful in the manufacture of cable comprising:(i) a crosslinkable thermoplastic polymer;(ii) a metal hydrate flame retardant compound; and(iii) an organic peroxide crosslinking compound, which decomposes at a temperature of at least about 140.degree. C., but below the decomposition temperature of the polymer.Type: GrantFiled: December 7, 1988Date of Patent: August 28, 1990Assignee: Union Carbide Chemicals and Plastics Company Inc.Inventor: Michael J. Keogh
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Patent number: 4946871Abstract: Soft and low-density foam materials, obtained by means of an extrusion expansion (with physical blowing agents) of particular copolymers of ethylene with vinylacetate (and/or with alkyl esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid), are found to be very suitable for the manufacture of expanded articles with little shrinkage after expansion, free from creases on the surface or cracks on the cell walls, and having excellent characteristics, higher compressive strength and so on.Type: GrantFiled: December 19, 1989Date of Patent: August 7, 1990Assignee: Montedipe S.p.A.Inventors: Corrado Brichta, Annibale Vezzoli, Angelo Borghi
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Patent number: 4942069Abstract: A composition useful in the manufacture of cable comprising:(i) a thermpolastic polymer;(ii) a metal hydrate flame retardant compound; and(iii) a blowing agent, which decomposes at a temperature in the range of about 160.degree. C. to the decomposition temperature of the thermpolastic polymer.Type: GrantFiled: December 7, 1988Date of Patent: July 17, 1990Assignee: Union Carbide Chemicals and Plastics Company, Inc.Inventor: Michael J. Keogh
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Patent number: 4940736Abstract: A method of producing a foamed product having a density less than 0.2 g/cm.sup.3, which comprises foaming a composition comprising a major proportion of a low viscosity polypropylene component having a melt viscosity (at 190.degree. C. and a shear rate of 1000 sec.sup.-1) of less than 2.times.10.sup.3 poise and a minor proportion of a high viscosity polypropylene component having a melt viscosity (at 190.degree. C. and a shear rate of 1000 sec.sup.-1) of greater than 2.5.times.10.sup.3 poise.Type: GrantFiled: September 12, 1988Date of Patent: July 10, 1990Assignee: Amoco CorporationInventors: Josef Alteepping, Juergen P. Nebe
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Patent number: 4940735Abstract: The present invention deals with a novel blowing agent masterbatch for the preparation of polystyrene foams, comprising:(a) 30 to 80 weight percent of a plasticizer-containing polystyrene having a Vicat softening temperature between 30.degree. and 50.degree. C.;(b) 20 to 70 weight percent of blowing agent based on solid organic acids and alkali metal (bi) carbonates; and optionally(c) 10 to 20 weight percent of cell regulators.Type: GrantFiled: March 23, 1989Date of Patent: July 10, 1990Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventor: Gerhard Kress
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Patent number: 4937271Abstract: A process for post-treating pre-expanded polyolefin resin particles which comprises charging in a vessel pre-expanded polyolefin resin particles which are pre-expanded by using an inflammable blowing agent, supplying an inert gas into the vessel, and then discharging the inert gas with the inflammable blowing agent gas extracted from the pre-expanded polyolefin resin particles, from the vessel. According to the process of the invention, the inflammable blowing agent can be extracted efficiently, safely and in a short time from the pre-expanded polyolefin resin particles which are pre-expanded by using the inflammable blowing agent. Consequently, the spontaneous cambustion of the particles can be completely avoided even if sparks are generated on the surface of the pre-expanded particles, therefore, it becomes easy to handle the pre-expanded polyolefin resin particles because the particles can be dried and transported by a pneumatic conveyer.Type: GrantFiled: May 18, 1989Date of Patent: June 26, 1990Assignee: Kanegafuchi Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Naruhiko Akamatsu, Hiroyuki Yoshida, Masakazu Taniguchi, Takatsugu Yamamoto
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Patent number: 4931482Abstract: This invention relates to an improved method of preparing closed cell foams using 1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluorobutane as a blowing agent and insulating gas in the production of such foams, including isocyanate-based foams such as polyurethane foams and polyisocyanurate foams.Type: GrantFiled: May 22, 1989Date of Patent: June 5, 1990Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Wilhelm Lamberts, Klaus-Dieter Sommerfeld, Dietmar Bielefeldt, Albrecht Marhold, Michael Negele
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Patent number: 4929645Abstract: Expandable and expanded plastic materials having a majority of alkyl acrylate monomeric repeat units are disclosed. These materials when expanded have a volume expansion of at least 60 and maintain that volume expansion for a period of at least 30 minutes under expansion conditions after reaching the volume expansion of 60. Expandable and expanded plastic materials having a majority of alkyl acrylate monomeric repeat units and an inhibitor for the monomer(s) and a crosslinker incorporated into the plastic material upon monomer polymerization are also disclosed. Also disclosed are expandable and expanded plastic materials having a majority of alkyl acrylate monomeric repeat units with blowing agents of 2,2-dimethylbutane, 2,3-dimethylbutane or mixtures of one or both with 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane or mixtures of at least 30 percent of one or both with other volatile blowing agents.Type: GrantFiled: October 30, 1989Date of Patent: May 29, 1990Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Norman G. Moll, David R. Johnson
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Patent number: 4925880Abstract: Porous shaped articles made from a molded composite of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene and polyethylene wax are disclosed. These articles are produced by free-sintering a non intensively mixed blend of UHMW-PE particles and particles of a polyethylene wax. The process involves mixing the UHMW-PE and wax both in powdered form until a heterogeneous mixture is formed, but under conditions which do not lead to any substantial fracturing of the UHMW-PE particles or melting of either component. The heterogeneous mix is then transferred to a press mold to form a shape and pressure is applied sufficient only to maintain the enclosed volume of the shape. The mold is heated to a temperature above the melting point of the UHMW-PE for a period of time to allow the particles to soften, expand, and contact one another at their surfaces. The mixture is then quickly cooled.Type: GrantFiled: August 3, 1989Date of Patent: May 15, 1990Assignee: Hoechst Celanese CorporationInventor: Harvey L. Stein
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Patent number: 4918111Abstract: An expandable composition for non-crosslinked foam comprising:(a) 80 to 99% by weight of a 1-butene copolymer,(b) 20 to 1% by weight of an ethylene polymer, and(c) a blowing agent,the percentages being based on the total weight of the 1-butene copolymer and the ethylene polymer.Type: GrantFiled: August 15, 1988Date of Patent: April 17, 1990Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventors: Haruhiko Tanaka, Fukashi Kagawa, Kouji Nakashima
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Patent number: 4916166Abstract: Alkenyl aromatic thermoplastic synthetic resinous elongate foam bodies having a machine direction, a traverse direction and closed noninterconnecting gas-containing cells are prepared using 1,1-difluoro-1-chloroethane as a blowing agent. These foam bodies have an average cell size of 0.05 to 2.0 millimeters, a minimum cross-sectional dimension of at least 0.25 inch, a cross-sectional area of at least 8 square inches, a water vapor permeability not greater than 1.8 perm inch, a density not exceeding 2.4 pounds per cubic foot, and an absolute dimensional stability of less than 4 percent in any direction when measured by the test designated ASTM D2126/C578. Also disclosed is a method for preparing such foam bodies, other alkenyl aromatic thermoplastic synthetic resinous elongate foam bodies having the same criteria, except a density from 2.4 to 5.0 pounds per cubic foot and a method for preparing such greater density foam bodies.Type: GrantFiled: August 22, 1989Date of Patent: April 10, 1990Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Kyung W. Suh, Jerry L. Severson
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Patent number: 4912140Abstract: Expandable and expanded particles are prepared from an alkenyl aromatic polymer and a volatile fluid blowing agent mixture of a first blowing agent of 1,1-difluoro-1-chloroethane; and a second blowing agent selected from normal pentane, isopentane, neopentane or mixtures of the various pentanes.Type: GrantFiled: September 21, 1988Date of Patent: March 27, 1990Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventor: Martin H. Tusim