Abstract: High polymer solutions having an extremely increased drag, which are characterized in that they contain additionally one or several completely soluble or miscible compounds, that have a molecular weight of less than 500,000 and increase the viscosity of the high polymer solution to a value of 10.sup.5 Pa.s.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
November 4, 1983
Date of Patent:
June 10, 1986
Assignee:
Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft
Inventors:
Werner Interthal, Franz-Josef Durst, Raimund Haas
Abstract: The present invention relates to drag reduction agents for water which are diblock polymers of t-butylstyrene/metal styrene sulfonate and triblock polymers of t-butylstyrene/metal styrene sulfonate/t-butylstyrene.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
July 2, 1984
Date of Patent:
April 29, 1986
Assignee:
Exxon Research and Engineering Co.
Inventors:
Jan Bock, Ralph M. Kowalik, Paul L. Valint
Abstract: The present invention relates to aqueous solutions having dilatant properties in which the aqueous solution contains a polymer complex which is a water soluble polymer backbone containing an anionic comonomer and a copolymer of a water soluble polymer backbone containing a cationic comonomer.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
June 29, 1984
Date of Patent:
April 22, 1986
Assignee:
Exxon Research and Engineering Co.
Inventors:
Robert D. Lundberg, Dennis G. Peiffer, Ilan Duvdevani
Abstract: Dilute aqueous solutions of high molecular weight polymers of acrylamide or methacrylamide or of homopolymers or copolymers of salts of ethylenically unsaturated C.sub.3 -C.sub.5 -carboxylic acids are stabilized to thermal degradation by adding (a) at least 20 ppm of an inorganic sulfur compound, in which the sulfur has an oxidation number of +2 to +5, and (b) at least 20 ppm of a complexing agent for metal ions.
Abstract: An improved polyurethane lacquer for coating an elastomer containing at least one polyfunctional aromatic nitroso compound as an adhesion improver and optionally, lacquer-nonreactive spacer particles.
Abstract: A method for reducing the frictional drag of an aqueous solution flowing through a pipe, tube or conduit having a continuous flow therethrough, which comprises the step of adding about 0.001 to about 0.1 wt. % of a copolymer to said aqueous solution, wherein said copolymer has the structure: ##STR1## wherein x is about 40 to about 99 mole % and y is about 1 to about 60 mole %.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
January 2, 1985
Date of Patent:
December 24, 1985
Assignee:
Exxon Research and Engineering Co.
Inventors:
Donald N. Schulz, Dennis G. Peiffer, Ralph M. Kowalik, Jeffrey J. Kaladas
Abstract: The present invention relates to improved drag reduction agents which are water soluble copolymers of acrylamide and alkyl poly(etheroxy)acrylate.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
June 29, 1984
Date of Patent:
October 15, 1985
Assignee:
Exxon Research and Enginering Co.
Inventors:
Donald N. Schulz, Ralph M. Kowalik, Jan Bock, John J. Maurer
Abstract: The present invention relates to aqueous solutions having dilatant properties in which the aqueous solution contains a polymer complex which is a water soluble polymer backbone containing an anionic comonomer and a copolymer of a water soluble polymer backbone containing a cationic comonomer.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 13, 1984
Date of Patent:
August 20, 1985
Assignee:
Exxon Research and Engineering Co.
Inventors:
Robert D. Lundberg, Dennis G. Peiffer, Ilan Duvdevani
Abstract: The present invention relates to viscosification agents for aqueous solutions in which the viscosification agents are mixtures of water soluble polymer backbone containing an anionic comonomer and a copolymer of a water soluble polymer backbone containing a cationic comonomer.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 12, 1983
Date of Patent:
May 14, 1985
Assignee:
Exxon Research and Engineering Co.
Inventors:
Robert D. Lundberg, Robert R. Phillips, Dennis G. Peiffer
Abstract: High molecular weight, water soluble polymers are dissolved to form liquid solutions at relatively low polymer concentrations and solid, water-plasticized composites at higher polymer concentrations by admixing finely divided polymer particles with ice particles at temperatures below, and preferably far below, the freezing point of water. The admixture is then allowed to warm causing the ice to melt and the polymer to dissolve in the water.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
January 20, 1983
Date of Patent:
February 26, 1985
Assignee:
General Technology Applications,Inc.
Inventors:
Albert F. Hadermann, Jerry C. Trippe, Paul F. Waters
Abstract: The present invention discloses a class of water soluble complex polymers of relatively low molecular weight, which have been found to be improved drag reducing agents. These complex polymers are a mixture of a cationic copolymer having a water soluble polymer backbone and an anionic copolymer having a water soluble polymer backbone. The solutions of these complex polymers are improved drag reducing agents for aqueous systems at low concentrations (i.e., 10 to 500 ppm) relative to individual solutions of the copolymers which make upon the polymer complex.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 12, 1983
Date of Patent:
December 18, 1984
Assignee:
Exxon Research and Engineering Co.
Inventors:
Robert D. Lundberg, Dennis G. Peiffer, Ilan Duvdevani, Ralph M. Kowalik
Abstract: Many liquids have properties improved, and fluid flow friction losses are reduced in flowing fluids by adding thereto a small, effective amount of composition comprising (i) a continuous phase of a liquid which is normally miscible with said fluid, and, dispersed therein, (ii) a stable discontinuous phase predominantly comprising fine particles of a high molecular weight polymer which is ultimately miscible with said fluid. In preferred features the compositions include a surface active agent. In other preferred features, friction is reduced in flowing hydrocarbons.
Abstract: A method is provided for the production of ultrahigh molecular weight drag reducing substances and the like comprising:(a) preparing under an inert atmosphere a catalyst comprising: p1 (1) titanium halide of the general formula TiX.sub.m wherein m=2.5 to 4.0;(2) a co-catalyst of the formula AlR.sub.n X.sub.3-n where R is a hydrocarbon radical, X is a halogen or hydrogen and n is 2 or 3;(3) a phosphorous compound of the formula PR.sub.1 R.sub.2 R.sub.3 or P(OR.sub.1) (OR.sub.2) (OR.sub.3) where R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are, independently, aryl, alkyl, aralkyl, or alkaryl, containing from 1 to 12 carbon atoms and placing the catalyst in contact with;(b) alpha-monoolefinic hydrocarbons from C.sub.2 -C.sub.30 under suitable temperature conditions to provide a hydrocarbon soluble ultrahigh molecular weight polymer, then ceasing polymerization at a polymer content level of 20% by weight or less, based on the total reaction mixture.
Abstract: Many liquids have properties improved, and fluid flow friction losses are reduced in flowing fluids by adding thereby a small, effective amount of composition comprising (i) a continuous phase of a liquid which is normally miscible with said fluid, and, dispersed therein, (ii) a stable discontinuous phase predominantly comprising fine particles of a high molecular weight polymer which is ultimately miscible with said fluid. In preferred features the compositions include a surface active agent. In other preferred features, friction is reduced in flowing hydrocarbons.