Abstract: Thermosetting powder coatings are based on a blend of coreactive polymers comprising a glycidyl acrylic polymer adapted to be crosslinked by a solid cyclic silicone resin having functional hydroxyl and/or methylol groups for coreacting with the glycidyl functionality on the acrylic polymer.

Abstract: Polymeric latexes with a relatively high T.sub.g such as: styrene, butadiene and acrylic acid; or methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate and fumaric acid can be used in whole or in part as a binder to produce strong composite board that will not sag substantially under conditions of high temperature and humidity.

Abstract: Fiberboard shims are manufactured which contain blocked isocyanates. The blocked isocyanates are blended with the other shim components to ensure complete distribution of the isocyanate into the shim, thereby improving the strength characteristics of the shim while simultaneously simplifying the manufacturing procedure. Further, the need for hazardous solvent-based isocyanates in the workplace is eliminated.

Abstract: A binder for use in the preparation of a synthetic board from cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic material comprising an organic polyisocyanate and a polyester polyol, especially an aromatic polyester polyol.

Abstract: This invention relates to formaldehyde-free, aqueous glue dispersions which contain polyisocyanates. These systems are particularly suitable for gluing veneers and surface materials on wood and wood products. The systems are prepared from polyisocyanates in combination with extenders based on flours and cold water-soluble of hydrolyzed natural starch. In this process, polyisocyanates or aqueous dispersions thereof are added while stirring to aqueous solutions or mixtures of starch and flour.The extender-containing adhesive systems are aqueous glue dispersions having increased service life which in their preferred embodiment contain about 15 to 30% by weight of polyisocyanates, preferably polyphenyl-polymethylene polyisocyanate (PMDI), 10 to 15% by weight of starch which is soluble in cold water and 14 to 25% by weight of (cereal) flour and optionally, other additives and the appropriate quantity of water adding up to 100% by weight.

Abstract: A composition for simulated lead strips for leaded windows, which composition consists of 50-75 weight % binder, 5-15 weight % pigment, 5-20 weight % oil and 10-30 weight % filling, the binder being a polymer binder, chosen among polyvinyl alcohol based adhesives, polyurethan based adhesives and synthetic rubber based adhesives. The pigment is suitably chosen among metal pigments, bronze powder, iron oxide and graphite, or mixtures thereof. The oil consists preferably of a vegetable, drying oil, like linseed oil. The filling is suitably chosen among wood-flour, saw-dust or sand. A preferred composition consists of 65 weight % polyvinyl alcohol based adhesive, 3 weight % iron oxide, 5 weight % aluminium bronze powder, 11 weight % linseed oil and 16 weight % saw-dust.

Abstract: The process of preparing a formaldehyde-free, thermosetting resin which is especially useful for bonding lignocellulosic materials together to form plywood or particle board, which process comprises first reacting an aqueous preparation containing a carbohydrate raw material with a mineral acid to convert the carbohydrate to polymerizable reactants and second reacting the polymerizable reactants with ammonia to form the thermosetting resin. The resin can be further cross-linked to form an insoluble resinous material by heating.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to difficultly flammable wooden articles, especially chip boards comprising solid and pipe boards, prepared by extrusion from wooden chips and/or woody fibrous materials. The articles contain as a flame-retarding addend a product of(a) 50 to 99.5 weight % of a flame-retarding agent physically and chemically stable under extrusion conditions, preferably 75 to 99.5 weight % of a pulverulent, free-flowing ammonium polyphosphate of the general formulaH.sub.(n-m)+2 (NH.sub.4).sub.m P.sub.n O.sub.3n+1in which n stands for a whole number with an average value of about 20 to 800 and the ratio of m/n is about 1, and(b) about 0.5 to 50 weight % of a cured water-insoluble artificial resin encapsulating the individual particles of the flame-retarding agent or ammonium polyphosphate.The disclosure also relates to difficultly flammable boards veneered with wood or a laminate.

Abstract: Non-asbestos elastomeric insulation materials for rocket motors are disclosed. The insulation materials comprise 100 parts by weight of a crosslinked elastomer polymer and between about 10 and 100 (preferably 15-75) parts by weight of an organic fiber selected from cotton flock, Sisal and a combination of cotton flock and Sisal. The insulation materials have notable erosion resistance and can be tailored to have thermal, mechanical and other properties of desired character. The organic fiber advantageously functions as a char forming, low density filler. Other ingredients such as silica, phenolic resin, polybutadiene etc. are included to enhance the utility of the insulation materials.

Abstract: A curable composition comprising (A) a phenol resin and (B) 1 to 200 parts by weight of, per 100 parts by weight of the phenol resin, a polyether having at least one silicon-containing reactive group, which provides a cured product having improved properties such as flexibility, impact resistance, toughness, peeling strength and tensile strength.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composition useful for preparing paperboard containers comprising wood pulp, polyolefin pulp containing carboxylic functionality and a water-soluble cationic wet-strength resin. The paperboard is used for preparing containers for liquids such as juices and dairy products. The filled containers have improved durability when exposed to high humidity.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the production of compression-molded materials by the compression molding lignocellulose-containing materials mixed and/or impregnated with polyisocyanates as binder in the presence of catalysts, the improvement wherein the catalysts used are latent, heat-activatable catalysts based on ammonium salts of the type which can be obtained by reacting(i) monofunctional or polyfunctional, primary, secondary and/or tertiary amines with(ii) alkyl esters of acids of phosphorus.or secondary and/or tertiary amines (i) withacidic alkylester of acids of phosporous (ii) under neutralization in substantially equivalent quantities.

Abstract: A resin composition comprising(I) a granular or powdery resin which is a condensation product of a phenol, an aldehyde and optionally a nitrogen-containing compound having at least two active hydrogens and is characterized by (A) containing spherical primary particles and their secondary agglomerated particles each having a particle diameter of 0.1 to 150 microns, (B) having such a size that at least 50% by weight thereof can pass through a 100 Tyler mesh sieve, and (C) having a free phenol content, determined by liquid chromatography, of not more than 500 ppm, and(II) at least one member selected from the group consisting of (1) a rubbery elastic material, (2) a thermoplastic resin and (3) a curable resin other than said granular or powdery resin (I) and/or a filler material other than said granular or powdery resin (I).

Abstract: Disclosed in accordance with the invention is a method for fiberboard manufacture comprising the steps of steaming and grinding woodchips to obtain a wood pulp, using said wood pulp to prepare a slurry of wood pulp in water, mixing said slurry with a binder, a cure catalyst for the binder, a water-repellent additive, peat, and carbamide to obtain a mixture, casting said mixture and dewatering said mixture to obtain a mat, and compacting said mat to obtain fiberboard which is subjected to heat treatment, in which method the peat used has a moisture content of between 25 and 70 percent and the peat content in said mixture is between 2.5 and 50 percent by mass, with the ratio of absolutely dry peat to said binder equal to between 1.0-7:1.0, respectively, while the carbamide content in said mixture is between 0.2 and 2.0 percent by mass, with the ratio of said carbamide to said binder equal to between 0.02-1:1, respectively.

Abstract: A resin composition comprising(I) a granular or powdery resin which is a condensation product of a phenol, an aldehyde and optionally a nitrogen-containing compound having at least two active hydrogens and is characterized by (A) containing spherical primary particles and their secondary agglomerated particles each having a particle diameter of 0.1 to 150 microns, (B) having such a size that at least 50% by weight thereof can pass through a 100 Tyler mesh sieve, and (C) having a free phenol content, determined by liquid chromatography, of not more than 500 ppm, and(II) at least one member selected from the group consisting of (1) a rubbery elastic material, (2) a thermoplastic resin and (3) a curable resin other than said granular or powdery resin (I) and/or a filler material other than said granular or powdery resin (I).

Abstract: The invention relates to an improved polyvinyl chloride composition useful in the construction and furniture industries, and particularly for the manufacture of furniture slaps and profiles.The present invention eliminates that activation of the wood meal ingredient with an aqueous solution of resol phenol formaldehyde resin, thereby eliminating a second drying step known to cause defects in the final product, due to gas evolution. In addition, the present invention represents an improvement in appearance and mechanical strength.

Abstract: Aqueous heat-curable compositions which are based on known heat-curable condensation products of aldehydes and OH- and/or NH.sub.2 -containing compounds, which contain hemicellulose-cleavage products having an average degree of polymerization, DP, of 5 to 100 and of at least 10% by weight, relative to the total weight of heat-curable materials, and aldehydes, in an amount of 5 to 50% by weight, relative to the weight of hemicellulose-cleavage products. The invention also relates to the use of these compositions for glueing and for preparing moldings.

Abstract: A low cost method of binding lignocellulosic materials utilizing a novel ammonium based spent sulphite liquor, with phenol and formaldehyde or phenol-formaldehyde thermosetting resin as the binder is disclosed. Phenol-formaldehyde which normally reacts with ammonium lignosulfonate under acidic conditions and is unstable under these conditions, can be dispersed or otherwise held in suspension and can be mixed direct with the material by spraying. The constituants of the novel binder can also be mechanically dispersed when in dry powder form. The binder has improved adhesion characteristics and a shorter cure time over existing binders using a spent sulphite liquor base when in combination with phenol-formaldehyde.

Abstract: A novel economical hardboard is provided which comprises (a) about 1-40 wt % of a porous additive having a particle size in the range of about 0.1-2 mm; (b) about 65-97 wt % of cellulose fibers; (c) about 2-5 wt % binder; and (d) about 1-4 wt % wax. Also provided is an efficient economical process for the production of the above described inventive hardboard comprising the steps of formulating an aqueous mixture of the above ingredients, then dewatering the aqueous mixture, and finally heating the mixture at a temperature and time sufficient to cure the binder.

Abstract: Thermosettable prepolymers or resins are prepared by reacting a pyrazine containing at least two substituent groups which have a hydrogen atom attached to a carbon atom which is attached to the ring with a material containing at least two aromatic aldehyde groups. These prepolymers or resins are curable to thermoset products having good mechanical and thermal properties. Thermoset polymers having good mechanical and thermal properties are also prepared by homopolymerization in the presence of N,N'-bis-imides or copolymerization of these prepolymers with N,N'-bis-imides. The prepolymers are suitable for preparing composites.

Abstract: A thermosetting adhesive resin suitable for binding lignocellulosic materials to form products, such as plywood or particle board, is prepared by heating an aqueous sugar or starch solution in the presence of an inorganic acid or its ammonium salt and a metal ion catalyst to obtain a partially polymerized resin which is reacted with an organic acid anhydride just prior to application to the lignocellulosis materials. The adhesive formula contains no formaldehyde and the preferred aqueous solutions are whey or whey byproduct concentrates.

Abstract: A modified phenol-formaldehyde binding resin is particularly useful in the formation of man-made boards including bonded fibers, fibrous particles, and a plurality of uniformly, or randomly shaped pieces, masses or sheets bonded together with the modified phenol-formaldehyde binding resin. The resin binder is especially adapted to bonding wood fibers and particles, comprising the condensation product of a phenol, formaldehyde and a water-soluble carbohydrate-phenol complex from steam digestion of wood chips, and the production thereof. Various objects can be manufactured using these resins, such as particle objects and objects or sheet materials made by bonding together a plurality of uniformly or randomly shaped masses, for example, fiberboards such as hardboard and insulation board; particle board; plywood; oriented strand board; and waferboard.

Abstract: The problem of resin precure encountered in fiberboard, especially medium-density fiberboard, produced by blow-line blending is overcome by adding an alkaline material to the wood fibers prior to blow-line blending in order to raise the pH of the wood preferably into the range of 4 to 7, and optimally around 5.5. Only the fiber used to form the surface layers of the mat which is hot pressed to form the fiberboard need have the alkaline material added thereto; alternatively, especially in the core layer of the mat, the action of the alkaline material may be reversed by adding an acid catalyst. The fiberboards formed have a glossy, hard surface which reduces the need for sanding.

Abstract: An improved method for the preparation of particleboard wherein a cellulose-containing particulate material is provided with a urea formaldehyde resin bonding agent and thereafter shaped and hardened at an elevated temperature and pressure. The bonding agent used is a urea-formaldehyde resin solution additionally containing melamine in an amount of 1.0 and 10 percent by weight, relative to the total amount of resin solids. The molar ratio of formaldehyde to mole equivalents of amino groups in the bonding agent is in the range of between 0.500:1 and 0.575:1.

Abstract: A process for producing a resin foam by using an aqueous medium, which comprises(a) treating a resin compound with said aqueous medium to cause the aqueous medium to adhere to and be held by the resin compound, said resin compound being composed of porous agglomerated particles resulting from partial melt-adhesion of thermoplastic resin particles coated with a fine hydrophilic solid powder which does not substantially melt at the melting temperature of the resin particles, said solid powder being embedded in the resin particles but partly exposed at their surfaces,(b) melt-kneading the resin compound treated with the aqueous medium under such an elevated pressure that evaporation of the aqueous medium is substantially inhibited, and(c) thereafter releasing the kneaded resin composition from the pressurized state to foam it; and a thermoplastic resin compound used for the aforesaid process.

Abstract: At least substantially, if not entirely, undried comminutated fibrous plant cellulosic materials, particularly "wet" sawdust, is made into integrally bonded composition and shaped and fabricated articles therefrom using an inexpensive, exceptionally and adequately hydrophylic binder which under certain conditions and in particularized situations may be prepared with minimized (and sometimes even no or essentially no) artificially-induced thermal drying requirements in or for the production of cohesively-resultant, particulate-containing artificial wood and equivalent products capable of replacing natural stock; the binder constituent for the accomplishment of same being, for example and without limitation(s), ordinary household bleach (i.e., aqueous sodium hypochlorite) composition(s) and its like, more-strongly-concentrated preparations and/or possible equivalents thereof and substitutes therefor such as bleach powder (i.e.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid binder composition containing from about 40 to about 98 percent by weight of an organic polyisocyanate and correspondingly from about 2 to about 60 percent by weight of a select ester derived from a dicarboxylic acid. When the binder composition is used in making lignocellulosic composite materials, such as particle board, the ester acts as an effective internal mold release agent, facilitating release of the composite material from the mold.

Abstract: Disclosed is a solid binder composition containing from about 70 to about 98 percent by weight of TDI residue and correspondingly from about 2 to about 30 percent by weight of a select ester derived from a dicarboxylic acid. When the binder composition is used in making lignocellulosic composite materials, such as particle board, the ester acts as an effective internal mold release agent, facilitating release of the composite material from the mold.

Abstract: Articles having wood-like properties and appearance are obtained from compositions comprising 5-55% by weight of an ethylene interpolymer, such as ethylene/vinyl ester, ethylene/unsaturated mono- or dicarboxylic acids or esters or salts of said unsaturated acids, etc.; 1-15% by weight of at least one plasticizer selected from the group consisting of processing oils, epoxidized oils, polyesters, polyethers and polyetheresters; 20-90% by weight of cellulosic filler or mixture of cellulosic filler and mineral filler; 0-10% by weight of at least one additive, such as organic acid, organic acid derivative and surface active agent; and 0-44% by weight of certain ethylene and propylene homo- and copolymers.

Abstract: Articles having leather-like appearance are obtained from compositions comprising 5-55% by weight of an ethylene interpolymer, such as ethylene/vinyl ester, ethylene/unsaturated mono- or dicarboxylic acids or esters of said unsaturated acids, ethylene/.alpha.-olefin copolymers, etc.; 1-15% by weight of at least one plasticizer selected from the group consisting of processing oils, epoxidized oils polyesters, polyethers and polyetheresters; 20-90% by weight of cellulosic filler or mixture of cellulosic filler and mineral filler; 0-10% by weight of at least one additive, such as organic acid, organic acid derivative and surface active agent; and 0-27.5% by weight of elastomeric polymer.

Abstract: A flame retardant diaphragm for speakers, etc. comprises an admixture of natural fibers and inorganic fibers. The admixture is impregnated with a thermosetting resin and an organic bromine compound, and heat-treated under pressure. The organic bromine compound acts as a flame retarder.

Abstract: Disclosed is absorbent material composed of a consolidated blend of spurted polyolefin pulp, treated with an anionic or nonionic wetting agent substance having a molecular weight less than about 8000, and wood fluff pulp. The absorbent material exhibits a desirable combination of strength, rate of absorbency and total absorbency.

Abstract: A method and particle board composition which employs urea formaldehyde resin adhesive, but which is formaldehyde suppressed by adding to the formaldehyde resin, a small but suppression effective amount of a weak acid and calcium metal silicate.

Abstract: A composition adapted to treating textiles and non-woven cellulosic products comprising a mixture of a cross-linking agent and a nitroalkanol. A method of reducing the residual formaldehyde content of the wrinkle-resistant fabric and a wrinkle-resistant fabric per se comprising the use of the claimed composition.

Abstract: The invention is an improved hardener for use with phenolresorcinol-formaldehyde wood bonding adhesives. The hardener is conveniently made and shipped as a stable dry powdered material. It is then slurried in water at the point of use for convenience with continuously mixed and dispensed liquid-liquid, two part adhesive systems. The hardener comprises paraformaldehyde or alphapolyoxymethylene, fillers, viscosity and/or rheology control agents, and a solid acidic material. The latter ingredient is a critical component used to adjust the pH of an aqueous slurry to the range of 4.0 to 5.5. Oxalic acid is preferred. In this pH range, the formaldehyde polymers are stable and the slurried hardener does not give off significant formaldehyde odor for periods up to several days. Bonding performance is improved because the characteristics of the hardener and resulting adhesive have very little variation over time.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a lignosulfonate-phenol-formaldehyde resin includes heating a mixture of phenol, formaldehyde, lignosulfonate and alkali at a temperature of 60.degree. C. to 100.degree. C. and a pH of 8-13. The lignosulfonate comprises about 5 to about 80 percent of the total weight of phenol, formaldehyde and lignosulfonate and the lignosulfonate is mixed with said phenol and formaldehyde before substantial reaction between said phenol and said formaldehyde. Also disclosed are fibrous articles manufactured using this resin as a binder.

Abstract: A composition comprising a mixture of a curable ureaaldehyde resin or other crosslinking agent and a nitroalkanol and having particular utility for treating textiles and non-woven cellulose products to provide permanent press and wrinkle-resistant characteristics.

Abstract: Discontinuous cellulose fibers are treated to improve their dispersability into a matrix comprising plasticized vinyl chloride polymer. The treatment includes contacting the fibers with a mixture of an aqueous dispersion of a vinyl chloride polymer and a plasticizer so as to coat the fibers, and drying the fibers. The non-aqueous portion of the mixture is usually present in an amount of at least 25 parts per 100 parts of fibers by weight, and the weight ratio of plasticizer to vinyl chloride polymer in the mixture is from 2:1 to 25:1. The discontinuous fibers thus treated can be dispersed into a matrix comprising plasticized vinyl chloride polymer with a minimum of mixing, and the improved composites thus produced contain a minimum of clumps of undispersed fibers.

Abstract: Filled thermoplastic compositions useful, e.g., as sound-deadening sheeting for automotive carpet are obtained by blending about 5-55% by weight of an ethylene interpolymer, such as ethylene/vinyl ester, ethylene/unsaturated mono- or dicarboxylic acids or esters of said unsaturated acids, etc.; about 1-15% by weight of a plasticizer selected from the group consisting of polyesters, polyethers, polyether esters and combinations thereof with processing oil; about 40-90% by weight of filler; and optionally modifying resins, such as unvulcanized elastomeric polymers and certain other ethylene and propylene homo- and copolymers.

Abstract: A formaldehyde-free adhesive system for the manufacture of particleboard comprises the reaction product of a cyclic urea and glyoxal in an equivalent ratio of about 1.1-1.5:1.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new modified azulmic acids, several processes for their preparation and their use as intermediate products for the synthesis of numerous products.

Abstract: An alkali metal broken-down plant silicate polymer is reacted with a Lewis acid and an epoxide compound to produce a polyhydroxy lignin-cellulose polymer which may be reacted with polyisocyanates to prodice polyurethane silicate foam and be used for insulation.

Abstract: Filled thermoplastic compositions useful as sound deadening sheeting having improved tensile elongation are obtained by blending about 5-60 percent by weight of a mixture of at least two copolymers of ethylene, having specified polar comonomer contents, about 40-90 percent by weight of filler, 0-15 percent by weight of plasticizer selected from the group consisting of processing oils, polyesters, polyethers and polyether esters, and optionally modifying resins such as elastomeric polymers and certain other ethylene and propylene homo- and copolymers.

Abstract: An alkali metal broken-down plant silicate polymer is reacted with a Lewis acid and an epoxide compound to produce a polyhydroxy lignin-cellulose polymer which may be reacted with polyisocyanates to produce polyurethane silicate foam and be used for insulation.

Abstract: Cellulose fibers are treated with vinyl chloride polymer, a plasticizer and an isocyanate bonding agent. Composites are made from cellulose fibers dispersed in a matrix of plasticized vinyl chloride polymer, and bonded thereto with an isocyanate bonding agent. The composites can be molded or extruded to produce useful articles.

Abstract: Particle board contains, as a fibrous material with good structural properties, at least a proportion of chicory root particles. Preferably the chicory is mixed with bagasse fibres to provide strength to the board, and a filler in the form of coffee grounds is included. The coffee and chicory constituents are conveniently obtained as wastes from the manufacture of instant coffee.

Abstract: An improved adhesive binder composition is provided for the preparation of lignocellulosic composite molded articles, especially flake or particleboard, made from moldable compositions which comprises an organic polyisocyanate-alkylene oxide or halogenated alkylene oxide and optionally lignin, for application to the lignocellulosic material prior to the molding process to form the composite product.

Abstract: An adhesive binder composition is provided for the preparation of lignocellulosic composite molded articles such as flake or particle board, made from moldable compositions which comprises an organic di- or polyisocyanate and a liquid mixture of ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate and optionally lignin, for application to the lignocellulosic material prior to the molding process to form the composite product.

Abstract: Additives to tall oil pitch react to cause crosslinking which improves hardness, viscosity, tackiness, etc., properties of the modified pitch. Additives include for example maleic anhydride, wood flour, formylated melamine, phenol and other resins, diisocyanates, alcohols and the like. The modified pitch has properties improved for use as binders for briquetting adhesives, etc.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a lignosulfonate-phenol-formaldehyde resin includes heating a mixture of phenol, formaldehyde, lignosulfonate and alkali at a temperature of 60.degree. C. to 100.degree. C. and a pH of 8-13. The lignosulfonate comprises about 5 to about 80 percent of the total weight of phenol, formaldehyde and lignosulfonate and the lignosulfonate is mixed with said phenol and formaldehyde before substantial reaction between said phenol and said formaldehyde. Also disclosed are fibrous articles manufactured using this resin as a binder.