Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for the preparation of graphene from coal as a raw material, and more particularly to a method for the preparation of microporous graphene from Chinese Zhundong coal. The process consists of the following steps: first, refining the coal block or coal particle to get fine powdered coal; second, immersing the powdered coal with activation agent solution and drying water to get molten mixture; third, carbonizing the molten mixture in an inert atmosphere and at a high temperature to obtain the carbonized product; fourth, successively acid washing, water-washing and drying the carbonized product to obtain the coal-based porous graphene with the surface area up to 3345 m2/g. The invention mainly solves the problems of the current method for the preparation of the microporous graphene with high specific surface area, including high cost of raw materials, complicated procedures and low yield.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for producing a highly oriented humic acid (HA) film-bonded metal foil current collector, comprising (a) preparing a dispersion of HA or chemically functionalized HA (CHA) dispersed in a liquid medium; (b) depositing the HA or CHA dispersion onto a primary surface of a metal foil to form a wet layer under an orientation-inducing stress; (c) removing the liquid medium to form a dried layer having hexagonal carbon planes and an inter-planar spacing d002 of 0.4 nm to 1.3; and (d) heat-treating the dried layer at a temperature higher than 80° C. to produce the current collector wherein the film contains inter-connected, merged or thermally reduced HA or CHA sheets that are substantially parallel to each other and are chemically bonded to the metal foil. The film has a thermal conductivity of at least 250 W/mK and an electrical conductivity no less than 500 S/cm.

Abstract: A process for producing a highly oriented humic acid (HA) film, comprising: (a) preparing a dispersion of HA or chemically functionalized HA (CHA) sheets dispersed in a liquid medium, wherein HA sheets contain an oxygen content higher than 5% by weight or CHA sheets contain non-carbon element content higher than 5% by weight; (b) dispensing and depositing HA or CHA dispersion onto a surface of a supporting substrate to form a wet layer, under an orientation-inducing stress; (c) removing liquid medium from the wet layer to form a dried HA or CHA layer having hexagonal carbon planes and an inter-planar spacing d002 of 0.4 nm to 1.3 nm as determined by X-ray diffraction; and (d) thermally reducing the dried HA or CHA layer at a first heat treatment temperature higher than 80° C. for a sufficient period of time to produce the film containing reduced HA or CHA.

Abstract: A gutta-percha composition for filling a tooth root canal includes a temperature indicating component, such that the user has a visual indication that the material is ready for placement in the prepared canal. The material may include a thermochromatic dye, bismuth oxide or the like, in an otherwise conventional obturation material.

Abstract: Modified rubber compositions containing an elastomer component and a modifier comprising a steroid and/or a peptide and methods of their production. Such modified rubber compositions can have improved properties and can be useful in making various articles of manufacture, such as, for example, in the manufacture of tires.

Abstract: Disclosed are a novel anti-oxidant for rubber and a synthetic rubber including the same. The disclosed anti-oxidant contains a thio compound. The rubber including the anti-oxidant has excellent thermostability at a temperature of 100° C. or higher, and the anti-oxidant shows a low volatility due to its high molecular weight thus being applicable to manufacture environment-friendly rubber.

Abstract: The invention provides a compound for forming an organic film having a partial structure represented by the following formula (i) or (ii), wherein the ring structures Ar1, Ar2 and Ar3 each represent a substituted or unsubstituted benzene ring or naphthalene ring; e is 0 or 1; R0 represents a hydrogen atom or a linear, branched or cyclic monovalent organic group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms; L0 represents a linear, branched or cyclic divalent organic group having 1 to 32 carbon atoms; and the methylene group constituting L0 may be substituted by an oxygen atom or a carbonyl group. There can be provided an organic film composition for forming an organic film having high dry etching resistance as well as advanced filling/planarizing characteristics.

Abstract: Durable hydrophilic compositions comprising aliphatic polyester, an anionic surfactant, and in some embodiments, a carrier.

Abstract: The invention relates to a continuous process for producing a reactive polymer based on compounds according to the structures (A1) and/or (A2) and phenolic resin in an extruder and to the reactive polymer produced according to said process and the use thereof for producing composite materials.

Abstract: Provided is a low-cost orientation modifier that is added to paint containing a brightening pigment to adequately disperse the brightening pigment. The orientation modifier for the brightening pigment is obtained through the esterification of: an ?-olefin/maleic anhydride copolymer formed by the coplymerization of a linear or branched ?-olefin with at least 6 carbons and a maleic anhydride; and a polyethylene glycol monoalkyl ether represented by R1—(OCH2CH2)n—OH (in the formula, R1 is a linear or branched alkyl group with 6-30 carbons, and n is a number from 5 to 60), and having a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance of 9 to 19. The orientation modifier contains an ester compound having an acid value of 15 to 60 mg.KOH/g.

Abstract: An alignment material composition including an alignment material, an ultraviolet absorbent, a light stabilizer and a solvent is provided. The ultraviolet absorbent has a formula 1 shown as below: wherein X represents hydrogen, alkyl group or halogen while R1 represents benzene ring carbon long-chain derivative. The light stabilizer has a formula 2 shown as below: wherein R2 represents ester-based derivative or amine-based derivative, R3 represents hydrogen, hydroxyl group (—OH) or alkyl group.

Abstract: Disclosed are a novel anti-oxidant for rubber and a synthetic rubber including the same. The disclosed anti-oxidant contains a thio compound. The rubber including the anti-oxidant has excellent thermostability at a temperature of 100° C. or higher, and the anti-oxidant shows a low volatility due to its high molecular weight thus being applicable to manufacture environment-friendly rubber.

Abstract: This disclosure includes a process that unexpectedly can produce very inexpensive graphene and a new compound called graphenol in particulate or dispersions in solvents. The process can also produce graphene layers on metallic and nonmetallic substrates. Further, the graphenol and graphene can be utilized to form nanocomposites that yield property improvements exceeding anything reported previously.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pigment preparation containing (a) 50-99 percent by weight of at least one pigment, (b) 1 to 50 percent by weight of an additive based on polyalkylene glycols, and (c) 0 to 10 percent by weight of an auxiliary agent from among the group comprising fillers, fire retardants, preservatives, light-stability agents, pigmentary and non-pigmentary dispersing agents, surfactants, antioxidants, foam inhibitors, resins, and antistatic agents, the percentages being in relation to the total weight of the pigment preparation. The additive that is based on polyalkylene glycols corresponds to formula Z?-[-(AO—)n1—B-T-X—Y]m—Z (1), wherein AO represents a C2-C10 alkyleneoxy unit, B represents a C2-C10 alkylene radical, and T represents —NR—, X represents one of the groups (formula), and Y represents a chemical bond or —NR3—.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to a stabilized composition of methylmethacrylate-butadiene-styrene graft copolymers with selected sterically hindered phenolic antioxidants and thioethers. Further subjects of the invention are a process for the stabilization of methylmethacrylate-butadiene-styrene graft copolymers and the use of selected sterically hindered phenolic antioxidants together with a thioether for the thermal stabilization of said graft copolymer.

Abstract: Liquid stabilizing mixtures for organic polymers comprising: a) a liquid compound belonging to the group of sterically hindered phenols consisting of esters or mixtures of esters having formula (I); b) a solid compound belonging to the group of sterically hindered phenols having formula (II).

Abstract: The invention relates to aqueous ink-jet ink compositions composed of a dispersant, a colorant, and, if desired, additives, possessing high water resistance, smear resistance and smudge resistance, and to their use for printing print media.

Abstract: An adhesive optical component comprising an optical component and a layer which comprises an adhesive composition, the adhesive composition being disposed on at least one face of the optical component by coating a solution of the adhesive composition on the face of the optical component and drying the solution to form a laminate, the adhesive composition comprising (A) a copolymer of (meth)acrylic esters, (B) a crosslinking agent and (C) a phenol compound.

Abstract: An adhesive sheet including an adhesive composition disposed on at least one face of a film of acetyl cellulose, the adhesive sheet being produced by coating a solution of the adhesive composition on the face of the film and drying the solution to form a laminate, the adhesive composition containing (A) a copolymer of (meth)acrylic esters,(B) a crosslinking agent and (C) a phenol compound. The adhesive composition in the adhesive sheet serves to suppress degradation of easily hydrolyzable materials by hydrolysis, improve durability and provides excellent stress relaxation without using plasticizers.

Abstract: Epoxy systems having improved shelf life are disclosed. The epoxy systems are suitable for use in a number of applications, including as an adhesive or as a sealant (e.g., as a component in a melt-sealing tape). Methods of making and using the epoxy systems are also disclosed.

Abstract: Polymerizable compositions for use in or as adhesives, sealants and/or coatings are disclosed herein. The compositions include a (meth)acrylate component together with a dye substantially dissolved in the (meth)acrylate component which imparts a first color to the (meth)acrylate component. Upon curing, a resultant cured composition has a second color. The invention also relates to a method of detecting substantially full cure of the polymerization of the compositions.

Abstract: Disclosed are optical materials which effectively absorb UV light up to the long wavelength band, have low specific gravity, and have balanced properties including impact and heat resistances; lenses; and optical material compositions as their starting materials. The composition contains a polymerizable monomer material consisting of at least one di(meth)acrylate of formula (1): (R: CH3 etc., Ph: a phenylene group; x, z: an integer of 1 to 5; y: 0 or 1) and at least one monomer (M) having at least one vinyl group in one molecule other than monomers of formula (1), and an additive selected from component (A1), (A2), or (B), or mixtures thereof, provided that components (A1) and/or (B) is contained, and when component (B) is contained, components (A1) and/or (A2) is also contained: (A1): a chlorinated benzotriazole UV absorber; (A2): a chlorine-free benzotriazole UV absorber; (B): a coloring agent having absorption maximum in 520-650 nm.

Abstract: An adhesive composition comprising a crosslinked product of (A) a copolymer of (meth)acrylic esters and (B) a crosslinking agent, and (C) a phenol derivative. An adhesive composition comprising a crosslinked product of (D) a copolymer of (meth)acrylic esters having a weight-average molecular weight of 500,000 to 2,500,000 or (D′) a mixture of the copolymer (D) and an oligomer of (meth)acrylic esters having a weight-average molecular weight of 1,000 to 10,000 in a ratio of amounts of 100:5 to 100:100 by weight and (E) a crosslinking agent, and (F) a radical scavenger. An adhesive optical component comprising a layer of the adhesive composition disposed on at least one face of an optical component. The adhesive composition serves to suppress degradation of easily hydrolyzable materials by hydrolysis, improve durability and provide excellent stress relaxation without plasticizers.

Abstract: UV-absorbers of the 4-alkoxy-2-hydroxyphenyl-s-triazine type are incorporated in a cellulose triacetate film. Such an UV-cut off film can be used advantageously, amongst others, as protective sheet for a polarizer in a Liquid Crystal Display.

Abstract: A polybutadiene composition comprising a polybutadiene type polymer and a compound represented by the following formula (I): 1

Abstract: The invention relates to an optically non-linear active waveguiding material comprising an optically transparent polymer and a non-linear optical dopant comprising more than one donor-.pi.-acceptor unit.Dopants comprising more than one donor-.pi.-acceptor unit, especially dopants in which the donor-.pi.-acceptor units are positioned in a cyclic group, have a high hyperpolarizability and a charge-transfer absorption band wavelength which is about the same as that of dopants with only one donor-.pi.-acceptor unit.Especially suitable dopants for use are calix(4)arenes. These are provided with acceptor groups at the upper rim and with donor groups at the lower rim. In addition to having excellent hyperpolarizability, these compounds were found to be readily soluble in host polymers, such as polymethylene (meth) acrylate and polystyrene.

Abstract: Thermoplastic polyamide molding materials contain, as essential components,A) from 39 to 99% by weight of a polyamide or a mixture of different polyamides andB) from 1 to 30% by weight of a phenol of the general formula IR.sub.3 E Iand E is a trivalent, aliphatic, C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -hydrocarbon radical, triazinetriyl or a trivalent C.sub.6 - or C.sub.10 -aryl radical, andc) from 0 to 60% by weight, based on the amount of polyamide, of fibrous or particulate fillers or a mixture thereof.

Abstract: Polyesters and polyester urethanes are stabilized against discoloration and hydrolytic degradation by inclusion therein of an aromatic carbodiimide and either a benzohydroquinone or a naphthohydroquinone compound, and at the same time, the quantity of isocyanate eliminated from polyester urethanes is considerably reduced.

Abstract: A removable pressure sensitive adhesive composition comprises an acrylic-based emulsion polymer having a gel content of from about 70 to about 90% comprises about 90 to 99.5 parts alkyl acrylate monomers, up to about 2 parts polar monomers and up to about one part of a multifunctional acrylate monomer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a colored polarizing film having excellent durability which comprises (a) an organic polymer film or sheet and (b) at least one dichroic dye having an azo, anthraquinone, thioindigo, perylene or phthalone structure containing no water-soluble group. Also disclosed is a method of making a colored polarizing film using an organic polymer film or sheet formed of a polyamide or polyester resin, which comprises the steps of (a) blending (preferably, dry blending) a dichroic dye with the resinous polymer in advance, (b) melting the resulting blend and forming it into a film, and then (c) stretching the film in at least one direction.

Abstract: A molded article of a transparent ABS resin comprising 10 to 24% by weight of a diene type rubber having a weight average particle size of 150 m.mu. or less and not containing methyl methacrylate in the continuous resin phase is subjected to wet plating. The resulting plated resin article has an excellent adhesion of the plating layer and a good transparency.

Abstract: Alkylidene bisphenol phosphites and phosphates having 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl piperidinyl groups are provided having the formula: ##STR1## wherein: R.sub.1 is alkyl having from one to about twelve carbon atoms;R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl having from one to about twelve carbon atoms;m is 0 or 1;n is 0 or 1;X is selected from the group consisting of ##STR2## wherein: R.sub.5 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, oxyl O.sup.2, alkyl having from one to about twelve carbon atoms; arylalkyl having from seven to about eighteen carbon atoms; 2,3-epoxypropyl, acyl having from one to about eight carbon atoms and ##STR3## in which R.sub.6 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl having from one to about twelve carbon atoms and phenyl, and Y.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen; acyl having from one to about twelve carbon atoms; and ##STR4## Z.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of ##STR5## wherein R.

Abstract: A composition comprising (A) a polyphenol such as bisphenol A, (B) a polymer resulting from polymerizing (1) an alkenyl phenol such as p-isopropenylphenol and (2) a polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomer such as 2-ethylhexyl acrylate can be converted to a copolymer modified polycyanate by reaction with a cyanogen halide such as cyanogen chloride in the presence of a base such as triethylamine. These polycyanates can be cured by trimerization in the presence of a suitable catalyst or by copolymerization with an epoxy resin. Epoxy resins can also be prepared from the composition comprising components (A) and (B) by reaction with an epihalohydrin such as epichlorohydrin and subsequent dehydrohalogenation with a basic acting compound such as sodium hydroxide.

Abstract: A composition comprising (A) a polyphenol such as bisphenol A, (B) a polymer resulting from polymerizing (1) an alkenyl phenol such as p-isopropenylphenol and (2) a polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomer such as 2-ethylhexyl acrylate can be converted to a copolymer modified polycyanate by reaction with a cyanogen halide such as cyanogen chloride in the presence of a base such as triethylamine. These polycyanates can be cured by trimerization in the presence of a suitable catalyst or by copolymerization with an epoxy resin. Epoxy resins can also be prepared from the composition comprising components (A) and (B) by reaction with an epihalohydrin such as epichlorohydrin and subsequent dehydrohalogenation with a basic acting compound such as a sodium hydroxide.

Abstract: A composition comprising (A) a polyphenol such as bisphenol A, (B) a polymer resulting from polymerizing (1) an alkenyl phenol such as p-isopropenylphenol and (2) a polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomer such as 2-ethylhexyl acrylate can be converted to a copolymer modified polycyanate by reaction with a cyanogen halide such as cyanogen chloride in the presence of a base such as triethylamine. These polycyanates can be cured by trimerization in the presence of a suitable catalyst or by copolymerization with an epoxy resin. Epoxy resins can also be prepared from the composition comprising components (A) and (B) by reaction with an epihalohydrin such as epichlorohydrin and subsequent dehydrohalogenation with a basic acting compound such as sodium hydroxide.

Abstract: A composition comprising (A) a polyphenol such as bisphenol A, (B) a polymer resulting from polymerizing (1) an alkenyl phenol such as p-isopropenylphenol and (2) a polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomer such as 2-ethylhexyl acrylate can be converted to a copolymer modified polycyanate by reaction with a cyanogen halide such as cyanogen chloride in the presence of a base such as triethylamine. These polycyanates can be cured by trimerization in the presence of a suitable catalyst or by copolymerization with an epoxy resin. Epoxy resins can also be prepared from the composition comprising components (A) and (B) by reaction with an epihalohydrin such as epichlorohydrin and subsequent dehydrohalogenation with a basic acting compound such as sodium hydroxide.

Abstract: New compositions of matter are disclosed which are allylated di and polycyclopentadiene diphenols. These new compositions are useful in thermoset resin compositions comprising styrene, a dicyclopentadiene-modified unsaturated polyesteramide and said allylated di and polycyclopentadiene diphenol(s).

Abstract: The invention is a process for monitored cross-linking of unsaturated polyester resins in the presence of a metal-ion-containing accelerator and an organic peroxide initiator, complemented by promotor in some cases. According to this process, the cross-linking is carried out in the presence of one of the compounds from the group consisting of alizarin, sodium alizarinesulfonate, 3-nitroalizarin, chinizarine, or purpurin, where the substituents are H atoms or OH, NO.sub.2, SO.sub.3 H, or SO.sub.3 Na groups with the restriction that at least one of them should be other than H, which is present in a ratio of from 0.005 to 0.5, preferably 0.01 to 0.1 percent (mass/mass), compared to the mass of the polyester resin, and cross-linking is trailed by the color change in the system. The invention permits all of the chemical-technological processes involved in the processing of unsaturated polyester resins to be monitored visually.

Abstract: A polymeric composition comprised of a mixture of an acetylene-terminated polymer and an hydroxy-substituted, polynuclear, aromatic derivative as a cure retarding additive.