Abstract: A catalyst composition comprising a cation and an anion of the formula Anq?Qpm+, wherein m, n, p, and q are positive integers, wherein m*p=n*q, wherein Qm+is an organo onium, and Aq?is an anion, provided that at least one Aq?is selected from the formula (I) wherein each R independently is H, halo, alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, or cycloalkyl, and which also may be halogenated, fluorinated, or perfluorinated, wherein two or more of R and R? groups may together form a ring, wherein each R group independently may contain one or more heteroatom(s), wherein R? can be the same as R, with the proviso that R? cannot be halo, and wherein the catalyst composition is essentially free of hydrocarbon containing alcohol. Also provided are a fluoropolymer composition including this curative, a method of making a fluoropolymer, and fluoropolymer articles containing curable or cured fluoropolymer compositions.

Abstract: The photosensitive resin composition of the present invention includes an alkali solubility resin including molecules each composed of a main chain having one end and the other end opposite to the one end, an organic group bonded to the one end thereof, the organic group having at least one unsaturated group, and a substituent group bonded to at least one of the other end of the main chain and a branch thereof, the substituent group having a cyclic chemical structure containing nitrogen atoms, and a photosensitive agent. Further, the insulating film of the present invention is composed of a cured product of the above photosensitive resin composition. Furthermore, the protective film of the present invention is composed of a cured product of the above photosensitive resin composition. Moreover, the Electronic equipment of the present invention is provided with the above protective film and insulating film.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a process of mixing a luminous substance in powder form to a transferable grade molding compound in a pelletized or powder form, such as a clear epoxy, to derive a homogeneous mixture that can be pressed and sintered into solid pellets. The solid pellets are further processed so as to permit their deposition on and around a light emitting semiconductor driver so as to obtain a white light emitting semiconductor device. This white light emitting device can be used in a variety of lighting applications.

Abstract: Golf balls comprising a core and a cover are disclosed. The core is a dual- or multi-layer core, wherein at least one layer is formed from a rubber composition comprising a base rubber and a resorcinol. The core layer formed from such rubber composition has a positive hardness gradient such that the difference between the layer's outer surface hardness and inner surface hardness is 5 Shore C units or greater.

Abstract: Golf balls consisting of a core and a cover are disclosed. The core is a solid, single-layer core formed from a rubber composition comprising a resorcinol. The core has a positive hardness gradient such that the difference between the core's surface hardness and the core's center hardness is 25 Shore C units or greater and/or the core has a diameter of from 1.51 inches to 1.59 inches.

Abstract: A branched isobutylene-styrenic elastomer with a broad molecular weight distribution is disclosed comprising an interpolymer of an isoolefin monomer as isobutylene, a styrenic monomer such as p-methylstyrene, and a multiolefin such as divinylbenzene. The elastomer has improved green strength, relaxation characteristics, and processability in melt processing, while retaining excellent aging characteristics and barrier properties, and can be used in a blend with a linear isobutylene-p-alkylstyrene elastomer to improve processability of the linear elastomer. Also disclosed are a method for processing the linear elastomer with an effective amount of the branched elastomer to improve processability, and nanocomposites, curable compositions, cured compositions and useful articles formed from the branched elastomer and the linear-branched elastomer blends.

Abstract: A method of producing a tire including mixing in a non-productive phase at least one elastomer with a polyamide having a melting temperature of less than 180° C. The polyamide is allowed to heat to at least its melting temperature. During the productive phase, at least one curing agent is added to the elastomeric composition. The curing agent may be a sulfur containing curing agent and/or a non-sulfur containing curing agent. The elastomeric composition may optionally include a crystalline EPDM elastomer. The resulting compositions may then be formed into a tire component which may be built into a tire and cured.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a golf ball having at least one layer formed from a rubber composition comprising a base rubber, a free radical initiator, and a catechol. The present invention is also directed to a golf ball having at least one layer formed from a rubber composition comprising a base rubber, a free radical initiator, and a resorcinol. Rubber compositions of the present invention may be present in any one or more of a core layer, a cover layer, or an intermediate layer.

Abstract: Pulverulent polycondensation products are described, consisting of a) 5 to 95% by weight of a polycondensation product based on an aromatic or heteroaromatic compound (A) having 5 to 10 C atoms or heteroatoms having at least one oxyethylene or oxypropylene radical and one aldehyde (C) selected from the group consisting of formaldehyde, glyoxylic acid and benzaldehyde or mixtures thereof, and b) 5 to 95% by weight of a finely divided mineral carrier material having a specific surface area of 0.5 to 500 m2/g (according to BET as specified in DIN 66 131). The pulverulent polycondensation products according to the invention are outstandingly suitable in construction material mixtures in an amount of from 0.1 to 5% by weight, based on the weight of the construction material. The pulverulent polycondensation products have a number of advantages here, such as, for example, excellent storage stability, good liquefying action at low dosage and industrially simple production.

Abstract: A solvent-resistant polymeric membrane comprising a solvent-inert polymer having a solubility parameter greater than 18 (J/cm3)0.5, such as a polyketone, a polyether ketone, polyarylene ether ketone ketone, a polyimide, a polyetherimide, or a polyphenylene sulfide, is described. The solvent-resistant polymeric membrane can be prepared by methods in which solvent-inert polymers form a solution at room temperature.

Abstract: The invention relates to rubber compounds comprising at least one double bond-containing rubber, additions of rubber gels, phenolic resin adducts or phenol/formaldehyde condensation products, such as resols or novolaks, and optionally, further fillers and rubber auxiliary substances, and the vulcanizates and molded rubber articles produced from them. The rubber compounds according to the present invention are characterized in the uncrosslinked state by good processability (compound viscosity ML 1+4/100° C.<60 ME) and in the vulcanized state by Shore-A hardness values/23° C.>60, high impact resilience values E/23° C.>60% and a low specific density. The vulcanizates are suitable for the production of industrial rubber articles and for various tire components, such as roll coverings, conveyor belt coverings, belts, spinning cops, seals, golf ball cores, shoe soles and bead compounds, tire carcasses, subtread compounds and tire sidewalls.

Abstract: A refrigerant hose for an air conditioner has an inner wall layer formed of a laminate of an inner resin layer and an outer rubber layer bonded by its vulcanization to the resin layer. The rubber layer is of a composition comprising butyl rubber, an adhesive material based on resorcinol and a vulcanizing agent based on an alkylphenol-formaldehyde resin, and having a bromine content of at least 0.5% by weight. The hose having the inner wall layer surrounded by a reinforcing layer and an outer wall layer exhibits a high adhesive strength even at an elevated temperature between its refrigerant-impermeable resin layer and its water-impermeable rubber layer.

Abstract: A method of improving the release and antideposition characteristics of a hard impermeable surface. A hard impermeable surface is coated with a film of an aqueous solution. The solution is formed by combining (i) a dimer of at least two alkoxy functional silanes, (ii) an aqueous silicone emulsion of a polydiorganosiloxane, and (iii) water. The film is allowed to dry on the hard impermeable surface or the film can be wiped to dryness. The solution may also contain a water soluble hydrophilic solvent such as propylene glycol.

Abstract: Novel dibenzoylresorcinol-based compounds are disclosed wherein the dibenzoylresorcinol is bonded to the residue of either an alcohol or a carboxylic acid group, via a methylene carboxylate linking group; and wherein the dibenzoylresorcinol is bonded directly to a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group which does not include a pendent hydroxyl group. The groups attached to the dibenzoylresorcinol may contain a wide variety of functional sites which permit further reaction, e.g., copolymerization. The described compounds are very useful as UV light absorbers and may be used to form improved coating compositions which usually include a transparent, polymeric matrix material. The coating compositions may be applied to various substrates, e.g., thermoplastics, to afford a selection of enhanced properties, such as UV light resistance and abrasion resistance.

Abstract: This invention relates to a latex for utilization in adhesive compositions for bonding synthetic fibers to natural or synthetic rubber. These latices can be produced at reduced cost and their utilization results in improved performance characteristics. This invention more specifically discloses a latex which is particularly useful for adhering synthetic fibers to rubber which is comprised of (a) water, (b) an emulsifier and (c) a polymer which is comprised of repeat units which are derived from (i) a conjugated diolefin monomer, (ii) a vinyl aromatic monomer, (iii) 2-vinylpyridine and (iv) a vinyl aldehyde monomer.

Abstract: A polycarbonate substrate coated with an acrylic coating containing at least one polybenzoylresorcinol, and optionally a silicone hardcoat on the acrylic coating, wherein said at least one polybenzoylresorcinol has the formula ##STR1## wherein each A is independently a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic aromatic radical wherein any substituents are hydrogen, halogen, alkoxy, C.sub.1-8 alkyl, or hydroxy, and R is hydrogen or a linear or branched aliphatic radical having less that about 10 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a stable aqueous dispersant solution containing a high concentration of an EO/PO nonionic block copolymer incapable of liquid phase continuity at ambient temperatures, and a formulation and processing approach providing an effective combination of an anionic dispersant with a water miscible solvent in an aqueous system that allows the feasible production of a dispersant solution containing a high concentration of EO/PO nonionic block copolymer.

Abstract: Polyphenylene ethers are decolorized by contact in the melt or in solution with a hydroxy compound containing either another hydroxy group or a double or aromatic bond in a specific location in the molecule. Illustrative decolorizing compounds are benzopinacol, benzoin and acetoin.

Abstract: A fluororubber coating composition which contains (a) a fluororubber having a --CH.sub.2 -- group in a backbone; (b) a fluoropolyether fluorooil having a functional group capable of chemically bonding to the fluororubber (a) upon heating; (c) a vulcanizing agent and optionally vulcanizing aid; and (d) a medium. When the composition is applied to a substrate and calcined, permanent non-tackiness can be imparted to the substrate surface without impairing the characteristics of the fluororubber, such as elasticity, and the heat and chemical resistance.

Abstract: A coating composition useful, for example, in the preparation of automotive gaskets and the like, the composition comprising:(1) a fluoroelastomer;(2) a quaternary ammonium or quaternary phosphonium salt accelerator;(3) a polyol;(4) an acid acceptor;(5) an oil-soluble chelating agent; and(6) an organic solvent.

Abstract: A phenolic resin molding material for molding at lower than normal pressures, comprising as resin components a combination of (A) a crystalline phenolic compound having two or more hydroxyphenyl groups and (B) a compound having two or more hydroxyl groups in the benzene ring, or (A), (B) and (C) a phenolic resin.

Abstract: A process for the improving the mechanical properties and the sealing properties of elastomer gaskets. The elastomer is prepared by adding to an elastomer composition, at the time of the preparation phase, fibers having an average length on the order of 2 to 12 mm. The elastomer is molded, by injection or by compression transfer, such that the orientation of the fibers in the elastomer is obtained by positioning and orienting of the nozzle or the channel inlets into the mold cavity. The fibers, embedded in the elastomer have an orientation that is, parallel to a surface against which a ridge of the closure device comes into contact and perpendicular to the closure device when the butterfly valve is shut.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition for recovery of petroleum and gas, which comprises (a) a copolymer having a molecular weight of 100,000 or more, composed of 30-75 mole % of N-vinylpyrrolidone unit, 5-70 mole % of (meth)acrylamide unit and 0-20 mole % of (meth)acrylic acid unit or a salt thereof, (b) a water-soluble aldehyde, (c) a phenol compound, and (d) water. This composition can form a gel in a required gelling time even at high temperatures and even in the presence of bivalent metal ions and accordingly can be used for efficient recovery of petroleum and gas.

Abstract: A coating composition useful, for example, in the preparation of automotive gaskets and the like, the composition comprising:(1) a fluoroelastomer;(2) a quaternary ammonium or quaternary phosphonium salt accelerator;(3) a polyol;(4) an acid acceptor;(5) an oil-soluble chelating agent; and(6) an organic solvent.

Abstract: A novel neopentyl .alpha.-cyanoacrylate composition is provided. The composition which includes neopentyl .alpha.-cyanoacrylate has superior adhesive properties even at high temperatures and is characterized by the absence of the whitening phenomenon.

Abstract: Polyphenylene ether- polyamide compositions having improved resistance to water absorption and swell are provided by incorporating therein a phenolic compound.

Abstract: A method of granulating resorcinol/silica mixtures which comprises transporting a mixture of resorcinol and precipitated silica by conveyor worms to two pressing rollers whose shafts are attached vertically above one another and whose contact pressure can be varied, compacting said mixture between said rollers, breaking up the compacted mixture with a cake breaker to obtain a granulate with minimum grain size and separating the remaining dusty portion of said mixture. The mixtures can be added to vulcanizable rubber to provide improved adhesion to rubber reinforcements.

Abstract: A one-coat adhesive composition which utilizes environmentally acceptable ingredients and which can withstand high temperature conditions such as those experienced during injection molding processes. The adhesive contains a Diels-Alder adduct of a perhalogenated cyclic conjugated diene and an olefinically unsaturated dienophile having a vinyl content in excess of 50 percent, a phenolic resin, an aromatic hydroxy compound, a formaldehyde donor, a heat-activated unsaturated elastomer crosslinker, a vulcanizing agent, and a metal oxide. An adhesive bond prepared with the adhesive is resistant to high temperature fluids and corrosive agents.

Abstract: Improved thermal stability and melt stability is demonstrated by stabilized compositions comprising a linear alternating polymer of carbon monoxide and at least one ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon having incorporated therein a stabilizing quantity of a phenolic compound of defined structure.

Abstract: Rubber compositions are disclosed which exhibit enhanced dynamic modulus and tensile strength characteristics. A selected type of carbon black, resorcinsol and/or its precondensate and hexamethoxymethyl melamine are combined in specified amounts with a selected class of starting rubbers. The carbon black has specified nitrogen adsorption surface area, dibutyl phthalate adsorptivity and Dst mode of diameter.

Abstract: Polyphenylene ether-polyamide compositions having improved resistance to water absorption and swell are provided by incorporating therein a phenolic compound.

Abstract: A composition for closing pores in a formation following a steam-flooding enhanced oil recovery process. The composition comprises an aqueous temperature activated gellable mixture. This mixture is comprised of water, water dispersible polymers, phenolic compounds, and aldehyde producing compounds. Polymers which can be utilized herein include polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide and poly(acrylamide-coacrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonate). Phenol is the phenolic compound of choice. At a formation temperature greater than 300.degree. F., trioxane, the preferred aldehyde producing compound decomposes to yield formaldehyde which reacts with phenol to form phenolic resin in situ. The resin gels the polymer and forms a solid gel in a heated zone of the formation.

Abstract: A method for stabilizing an unsaturated organosilicone is disclosed wherein a stabilizing amount of a hydroxylamine compound is added to the organosilicone to prevent thermal polymerization of the latter. The organosilicone may be an alkoxysilane or an organopolysiloxane having in its molecule a reactive organic group bearing at least one radical selected from acryloxy, methacryloxy, acrylamide, methacrylamide, styryl or vinylbenzyl radicals. The hydroxylamine compound may be added either to the organosilicone or during the preparation of the alkoxysilane from its respective reactants.

Abstract: A gelable composition is provided which can be injected into a well prior to steam treatment of the well. The composition comprises water, a water-dispersible polymer, a water-dispersible first crosslinker and a water-dispersible second crosslinker, wherein the first and second crosslinkers have differing temperature responsive crosslinking characteristics over the temperature range of about 70.degree. F. to about 400.degree. F. so as to enable crosslinking of the polymer and gelation of the composition over substantially the entire temperature range. Injection of the composition into a "cold" well followed by steam treatment of the well causes the polymer to undergo a two stage crosslinking reaction which produces a particularly effective and stable gel in diverting steam from "thief zones" in the formation surrounding the well.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for delaying the rate at which water soluble polymers are gelled by an aldehyde and a phenolic compound and for increasing the mechanical strength of these gels which comprises contacting an aqueous solution of said water soluble polymer, aldehyde, phenolic compound, and water with from 0.004 to about 0.049 wt % of a transition metal ion. In addition, novel gelable compositions are disclosed.

Abstract: The use of a cyclic compound containing a ##STR1## group, i.e., methone, has been found to allow a poor acrylamide or acrylic acid or 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid and its salts monomer to be polymerized to a polymer having improved performance characteristics and/or improved rates of polymerization. Optionally, urea is added with the methone.

Abstract: An aromatic polyimide composition usable for producing shaped articles, for example, films, or as varnish, lacquer, or bonding agent, comprises a high molecular weight aromatic polyimide resin which is a polycondensation-imidization product of an aromatic tetracarboxylic acid component comprising 50 molar % or more of 3,4,3',4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid, anhydride, salt, or ester with an aromatic diamine component including 50 molar % or more of 4,4'-diaminodiphenylether, and which is dissolved in a mixed solvent consisting essentially of 10% by weight or more of a first solvent component selected from naphthol and resorcin and the balance of a second solvent component selected from phenol and cresols.

Abstract: A polyester, a polyester/polyamide or a polyester/polyamide/polyimide polymers are prepared from (a) a diaryl terephthalate or diaryl isophthalate, and (b) an aromatic polyol or of (a) and a mixture of (b), and an aromatic diamine, or of (a), (b), (c), and (d) a triaryl mellitate, or a copolycarbonate of any of the foregoing including units derived from (e) a diaryl carbonate. The resulting polyester, polyamide, polyester/polyamide or polyester/polyamide/polyimide polymers are adapted for use as an insulating coating on an electrical conductor.

Abstract: There is prepared a homogeneous mixture of 95 to 30% carbon black and 5 to 70% resorcinol. The resorcinol preferably either has an average particle size of 0.01 to 0.4 mm or is broken down to that size. The product is employed in rubber mixture to improve the adhesion of rubber vulcanizates to metal, textile fibers, glass fibers, or their structures.