Abstract: A method of manufacturing a solid electrolytic capacitor, including: a step (A) of providing a conjugated conductive polymer-containing dispersion by polymerizing, in a dispersion medium containing seed particles turned into protective colloid by a polyanion or in a dispersion medium containing the polyanion, a monomer for obtaining a conjugated conductive polymer; a step (B) of preparing a dispersion containing a morpholine compound and the conjugated conductive polymer by adding the morpholine compound to the conjugated conductive polymer-containing dispersion; a step (C) of causing the dispersion to adhere to a porous anode body formed of a valve metal having a dielectric film on a surface thereof; and a step (D) of forming a solid electrolyte layer by removing the dispersion medium from the dispersion containing the morpholine compound and the conjugated conductive polymer, the dispersion adhering to the porous anode body.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a flexible molded skin as part of a composite structure for an airbag cover, and to a composition for producing such a skin using slush molding. The composition and flexible molded skin have a thermoplastic plasticized vinyl polymer, and a tear promoting agent selected from the group of one or more particulate blowing agents, inorganic mineral materials, organic filler materials and microspheres or a mixture of two or more of the afore mentioned materials. The particles of the particulate tear promoting agent have an average particle size of between 0.005 and 50 ?m, preferably between 0.005 and 40 ?m.

Abstract: Carbon fibers made by a process using a precursor that is a CNT/PAN material blend including CNTs functionalized with a nucleophilic material; and carbon fibers made with such a process.

Abstract: The subject of the present invention is a process for preparing a precomposite based on nanotubes, comprising bringing said nanotubes into contact with at least one given plasticizing agent. It also relates to a precomposite thus obtained, and to its use for conferring at least one electrical, mechanical and/or thermal property on a polymer material. It also relates to the use of a given plasticizer for improving the dispersion and/or mechanical properties and/or electrical conductivity and/or thermal conductivity of nanotubes in a polymer matrix.

Abstract: Disclosed are a ?-crystal form nucleating agent composition for polypropylene and an application thereof. The composition is prepared by proportionally mixing barium tetrahydrophthalate, calcium tetrahydrophthalate and the like with adjuvants, such as hydrotalcite or calcium carbonate. The composition has better functions than a single-component ?-nucleating agent. The impact strength of polypropylene subjected to nucleation modification by the ?-crystal form nucleating agent composition can be improved by up to 6 times, and the heat distortion temperature is improved by about 10° C. to 20° C.; in addition, while the impact strength is improved, the flexural modulus of polypropylene can be improved, namely, the rigidity of polypropylene is improved. Therefore, the mechanical and thermal properties of polypropylene are improved.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a golf ball having high resilience. The present invention provides a golf ball having a constituting member, wherein at least a part of the constituting member is formed from a rubber composition containing (a) a base rubber, (b) a co-crosslinking agent, (c) a crosslinking initiator, and (d) an organic sulfur compound, the organic sulfur compound being derivatives of thiophenols and disulfide with a strong electron withdrawing substituent.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are blended thermoplastic compositions comprising at least one polycarbonate polymer, at least one polyester polymer, and at least one reinforcing filler. The thermal blended polycarbonate compositions can optionally further comprise at least one polycarbonate-polysiloxane copolymer, at least one impact modifier polymer, and/or at least one flame retardant. The resulting compositions can be used in the manufacture of articles requiring materials with high modulus and high flowability, while retaining good impact strength. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure.

Abstract: A rubber compound based on propylene-oxide rubber SKPO, including sulfur, stearic acid, zinc oxide, thiuram disulphide, carbon black P-803. The compound is characterized by replacement of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (kaptax), as well as fluoroplastic F-4, with dibenzothiazyl disulfide (altax), phenyl-?-naphthylamine (neozone D), dibutoxyethyl adipate, and ultrafine polytetrafluoroethylene (UPTFE). Such replacement of ingredients allows for significant improvement of wear resistance, frost resistance, and relative elongation. Additionally, relatively less UPTFE (compared to fluoroplastic F-4) can be used to achieve similar beneficial results, significantly reducing the cost of manufacturing the material.

Abstract: A rubber compound based on propylene-oxide rubber SKPO, including sulfur, stearic acid, zinc oxide, thiuram disulphide, carbon black P-803. The compound is characterized by replacement of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (kaptax), as well as fluoroplastic F-4, with dibenzothiazyl disulfide (altax), phenyl-?-naphthylamine (neozone D), dibutoxyethyl adipate, and natural bentonites. Use of a rubber compound with the proposed composition increases the service life of rubber seals during their operation in sealing devices, due to higher frost resistance and a lower residual compressive strain value. Also, the compound can be manufactured by a simpler method compared to modern production technology, eliminating the stage of joint mechanical activation of zeolite and dibutyl phthalate.

Abstract: A viscosity regulating composition having a polymeric structure with an internal hydrophobic unit located within the polymer's backbone, multiple hydrophilic units, and terminal hydrophobic units. In one embodiment, the internal hydrophobic unit may have at least three linked hydrophobic segments, of the same or different hydrophobic segments, with the proviso that the multiple hydrophobic segments are not linked to each other by one or more hydrophilic linking segments, for example water-soluble, polymeric groups.

Abstract: Processes for making a photovoltaic layer on a substrate by depositing a first layer of an ink onto the substrate, wherein the ink contains one or more compounds having the formula MB(ER)3, wherein MB is In, Ga, or Al, E is S or Se, and depositing a second layer of one or more copper chalcogenides or a CIGS material.

Abstract: This invention relates to a range of compounds, inks and compositions used to make materials for photovoltaics, including solar cells. In particular, this invention relates to inks containing precursor compounds, as well as the precursor compounds, and materials for preparing photovoltaic layers. The precursor compounds and inks contain compounds having the formula MB(ER)3 wherein MB is In, Ga or Al, which can be deposited and converted to a material form.

Abstract: Insulating paint, containing a resin that can form an insulating film by application and baking, and a reducing agent having a boiling point of 160° C. or higher.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods and articles using a range of compounds, polymeric compounds, and compositions used to prepare semiconductor and optoelectronic materials and devices including thin film and band gap materials for photovoltaic applications including devices and systems for energy conversion and solar cells. In particular, this invention relates to polymeric precursor compounds and precursor materials for preparing photovoltaic layers. A compound may contain repeating units {MA(ER)(ER)} and {MB(ER)(ER)}, wherein each MA is Cu, each MB is In or Ga, each E is S, Se, or Te, and each R is independently selected, for each occurrence, from alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkenyl, amido, silyl, and inorganic and organic ligands.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for aftertreating carbon black, wherein the carbon black is subjected to a carrier gas flow in a fluidized bed apparatus in the lower region of the apparatus, an additional gas stream is introduced into the fluidized bed apparatus, and the carbon black is aftertreated in the fluidized bed which arises.

Abstract: Disclosed is a vulcanizable rubber composition for use in an air spring, which has excellent low-temperature behavior, and a vulcanized rubber formed product for air springs, which is obtained by vulcanization of the rubber composition. Also disclosed is a vulcanizable rubber composition for use in an air spring, comprising: an epihalohydrin-based copolymer comprising 50 to 70 mol % of a constituent unit derived from ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide, 20 to 50 mol % of a constituent unit derived from epihalohydrin, and 0 to 15 mol % of a constituent unit derived from allyl glycidyl ether; a vulcanizing agent; a plasticizer; and an acid acceptor, and a rubber formed product for air springs, which is obtained by vulcanization of the composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the development of a polyolefin-based composition for manufacturing halogen-free, flame retardant, low smoke emission, thermoplastic insulations showing good electrical properties in water for use in electrical conductor cables. The composition applied as insulation, besides granting the above mentioned features, also shows good characteristics during the extrusion process, so that it can be processed at high speed in the equipment used for its application. The composition of the present invention comprises a mixture of at least two polyolefin-based polymer resins, a first soft and flexible resin and a second and heat-resistance provider resin; at least one compatibilizing and coupling agent; at least one flame retardant; at least one antioxidant; at least one lubricant and optionally at least one nanometric clay for enhancing fire resistance properties.

Abstract: This invention relates to a range of compounds, polymeric compounds, and compositions used to prepare semiconductor and optoelectronic materials and devices including thin film and band gap materials for photovoltaic applications including devices and systems for energy conversion and solar cells. In particular, this invention relates to polymeric precursor compounds and precursor materials for preparing photovoltaic layers. A compound may contain repeating units {MA(ER)(ER)} and {MB(ER)(ER)}, wherein each MA is Cu, each MB is In or Ga, each E is S, Se, or Te, and each R is independently selected, for each occurrence, from alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkenyl, amido, silyl, and inorganic and organic ligands.

Abstract: Provided are a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition for a touch panel, a conductive film, a touch panel and a pressure-sensitive adhesive film. The exemplary pressure-sensitive adhesive composition for a touch panel, the conductive film or the pressure-sensitive adhesive film has excellent durability and optical properties such as transparency. In addition, such physical properties are stably maintained under severe conditions. Particularly, a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is attached to a conductor thin film, and thus resistance change of the conductor thin film is effectively inhibited even when the conductor thin film is exposed to the severe conditions. Therefore, the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition may be effectively used to manufacture a touch panel.

Abstract: Heavy metal-free compostable polymers, composites and articles anaerobically biodegrade in landfills in a relatively short time. Heavy metal-free composite polymeric articles and sheets such as indoor or outdoor signs, billboards, banners, images, protective barriers, backdrops and wall coverings have very useful service durations and yet are landfill biodegradable.

Abstract: Disclosed are thioethers, methods for preparing such thioethers, and curable compositions, such as coating and sealant compositions, that include such thioethers. The thioethers can be the reaction product of (a) an alpha, omega dihalo organic compound, (b) a metal hydrosulfide, and (c) a metal hydroxide.

Abstract: A method for generating a thermoplastic foam from an aqueous dispersion, the aqueous dispersion comprising a thermoplastic resin, water, and a dispersion stabilizing agent, the method including: adding at least one froth stabilizing surfactant to the aqueous dispersion to form a mixture; adding a fiber to the mixture; and frothing the mixture to create a froth, removing at least a portion of the water in the froth to create a foam, wherein the foam generated has a non-cellular fibrillated morphology. In another aspect, embodiments disclosed herein relate to a foam having a thermoplastic-based, fibrillated, non-cellular structure, wherein the foam has an average density of about 0.02 g/cm3 to about 0.07 g/cm3. In certain embodiments, the foam may be used in an absorbent article.

Abstract: Disclosed are thioethers, methods for preparing such thioethers, and curable compositions, such as coating and sealant compositions, that include such thioethers. The thioethers can be the reaction product of (a) an alpha, omega dihalo organic compound, (b) a metal hydrosulfide and (c) a metal hydroxide.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods for making materials using compounds, polymeric compounds, and compositions used to prepare semiconductor and optoelectronic materials and devices including thin film and band gap materials. This invention provides a range of compounds, polymeric compounds, compositions, materials and methods directed ultimately toward photovoltaic applications, transparent conductive materials, as well as devices and systems for energy conversion, including solar cells. This invention further relates to methods for making CA(I,G,A)S, CAIGAS, A(I,G,A)S, AIGAS, C(I,G,A)S, and CIGAS materials by providing one or more polymeric precursor compounds or inks thereof, providing a substrate, depositing the compounds or inks onto the substrate; and heating the substrate at a temperature of from about 20° C. to about 650° C.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods and articles using compounds, polymeric compounds, and compositions used to prepare semiconductor and optoelectronic materials and devices including thin film and band gap materials. This invention provides a range of compounds, polymeric compounds, compositions, materials and methods directed ultimately toward photovoltaic applications, transparent conductive materials, as well as devices and systems for energy conversion, including solar cells. In particular, this invention relates to polymeric precursor compounds and precursor materials for preparing photovoltaic layers. In particular, this invention relates to molecular precursor compounds and precursor materials for preparing photovoltaic layers including CAIGAS.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods for materials using compounds, polymeric compounds, and compositions used to prepare semiconductor and optoelectronic materials and devices including thin film and band gap materials. This invention provides a range of compounds, polymeric compounds, compositions, materials and methods directed ultimately toward photovoltaic applications, transparent conductive materials, as well as devices and systems for energy conversion, including solar cells. This invention further relates to thin film CA(I,G,A)S, CAIGAS, A(I,G,A)S, AIGAS, C(I,G,A)S, and CIGAS materials made by a process of providing one or more polymeric precursor compounds or inks thereof, providing a substrate, depositing the compounds or inks onto the substrate; and heating the substrate at a temperature of from about 20° C. to about 650° C.

Abstract: A poly(lactic acid) resin composition is provided, comprising (a) a poly(lactic acid) resin, (b) at least one modifier selected from at least one metal/nonmetal alkoxide, at least one metal/nonmetal alkoxide having at least one functional group capable of reacting with the poly(lactic acid) resin, or a mixture thereof, (c) a first catalyst, and (d) optionally, a second catalyst. A process for preparing a transparent and impact-resistant article from the poly(lactic acid) resin composition of the invention, and articles prepared therefrom are also provided.

Abstract: A melt-processed polyolefin composition or composite includes a polyolefin compounded with a hindered amine light stabilizer, an organodisulfide antioxidant, and silver sulfate as an antimicrobial agent. A process of preparing such a composite includes compounding all of the compounds in various orders as long as the silver sulfate is added after the hindered amine light stabilizer is added to the polymer.

Abstract: This invention relates to processes for compounds, polymeric compounds, and compositions used to prepare semiconductor and optoelectronic materials and devices including thin film and band gap materials. This invention provides a range of compounds, polymeric compounds, compositions, materials and methods directed ultimately toward photovoltaic applications, transparent conductive materials, as well as devices and systems for energy conversion, including solar cells. In particular, this invention relates to polymeric precursor compounds and precursor materials for preparing photovoltaic layers. In particular, this invention relates to molecular precursor compounds and precursor materials for preparing photovoltaic layers including CAIGAS.

Abstract: A resin composition which comprises polylactic acid, does not release an isocyanate group at the time of production and has excellent hydrolysis resistance and a low environmental burden. The resin composition comprises: (A) 100 parts by weight of a resin component (component A) containing polylactic acid (component A-?); (B) 0.001 to 10 parts by weight of a compound (component B) having one carbodiimide group and a cyclic structure in which first nitrogen and second nitrogen are bonded to each other via a bonding group, the cyclic structure consisting of 8 to 50 atoms; and (C) 0.001 to 2 parts by weight of at least one antioxidant (component C) selected from the group consisting of a hindered phenol-based compound, a phosphite-based compound, a phosphonite-based compound and a thioether-based compound.

Abstract: The present invention provides a water-based coating system that can be used to form durable, abrasion resistant, corrosion resistant, protective barriers on a wide range of substrates. The coating system is particularly effective for protecting metal-containing substrates, such as intermodal cargo containers, against corrosion. As an overview, the present invention provides water-based primer compositions suitable to form primer coats and topcoats on substrates. Desirably, the primer incorporates one or more chlorinated resins for excellent corrosion protection. These polymers not only provide excellent corrosion protection and but also show excellent adhesion to a wide range of substrate materials. The system also includes topcoat compositions enhance compatibility and adhesion to the primer and to provide enhanced application.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for creating extremely high permittivity dielectric materials for use in capacitors and energy storage devices. High permittivity materials suspended in an organic non-conductive media matrix with enhanced properties and methods for making the same are disclosed. A general method for the formation of thin films of some particular dielectric material is disclosed, wherein the use of organic polymers, shellac, silicone oil, and/or zein formulations are utilized to produce thin film low conductivity dielectric coatings. Additionally, methods whereby the formation of certain transition metal salts as salt or oxide matrices at low temperatures utilizing mild reducing agents are disclosed. Further, a method for the enhancement of dielectric permittivity formation in the dielectric material of the capacitor is taught.

Abstract: An edge seal for manufacturing two-pane or multi-pane insulating glass or solar modules includes a sealant and a bonding agent. The sealant contains a polymer modified with special reactive groups and has the following overall composition: olefinic polymers included in an amount from about 10% to about 90% by weight of the total composition; at least one filler included in an amount from about 10% to about 65% by weight of the total composition; at least one inorganic filler that is a thermal and oxidative stabilizer in an amount from about 2% to about 30%; at least one of a desiccant and a water scavenger included in an amount from about 2.5% to about 25% by weight of the total composition; and at least one aging resistor including an anti-oxidant or UV stabilizer included in an amount from about 0% to about 3% by weight of the total composition.

Abstract: A solar module includes a photovoltaic device that has an edge seal. The sealant composition of the edge seal includes an unsaturated or reactive polyolefin, an olefinic polymer, a silane modified polyolefin, inert fillers, a water scavenger or desiccant, an antioxidant, and a UV stabilizer. These components are balanced to produce a sealant having desirable sealing characteristics, high weatherability, desired rheology, low conductivity, and good thermal stability.

Abstract: A solar module includes an edge sealant. The sealant composition includes an unsaturated reactive polyolefin, an olefmic polymer, a silane modified polyolefin, inert fillers, calcium oxide, and aging resistors. These components are balanced to produce a sealant having desirable sealing characteristics, high weatherability, desired rheology, low conductivity, and good water absorption.

Abstract: The invention provides a rubber composition for golf balls which includes a base rubber, (B) a metal salt of an unsaturated carboxylic acid and/or an unsaturated carboxylic acid and zinc oxide, (C) an organic peroxide, and (D) from 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of a metal salt of a thiol having the general formula (R—S)nM (wherein R is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having from 12 to 30 carbons, exclusive of aromatic groups; n is an integer such as 1, 2 or 3; and M is a metal) per 100 parts by weight of the base rubber. The golf ball-forming rubber composition of the invention is suitable for pressure molding and has an excellent productivity because it does not lower the rate of vulcanization. The golf ball of the invention, which is formed using the composition, is endowed with an excellent rebound.

Abstract: Aqueous compositions useful as pretreatments prior to painting and to reduce the formation of rust in the uncoated condition consist essentially of water, an organo-functional silane, a compound of a Group IV-B element, and optionally a polyvinyl alcohol, stabilizing agents, wetting agents, thickeners, and biocides, and have an alkaline pH>7. A process for treating a metal surface includes contacting the surface with such an aqueous composition. The compositions and processes were found to have further benefits in comparison to the zinc phosphate metal pretreatment thought to be the standard in the industry. Preferably, the pH of the compositions is alkaline, which has been found to improve the efficacy of a silane as a surface treatment to improve uniformity of paint adhesion. By operating in the alkaline pH range, it was found that flash rusting and/or blush rust were significantly reduced.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pulverulent adhesive for textile reinforcing inserts, which is dispersible in water, for the production of reinforced rubber products. The adhesive thereby comprises an at least partially capped, low-molecular isocyanate, a wetting agent, a binder and also possibly further additives.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel composition comprising hydroxylamine esters and thio compounds, which are suitable for lowering the molecular weight of polypropylene, propylene copolymers or polypropylene blends and result in an excellent degradation performance at temperatures below 220° C.

Abstract: A viscosity regulating composition having a polymeric structure with an internal hydrophobic unit located within the polymer's backbone, multiple hydrophilic units, and terminal hydrophobic units. In one embodiment, the internal hydrophobic unit may have at least three linked hydrophobic segments, of the same or different hydrophobic segments, with the proviso that the multiple hydrophobic segments are not linked to each other by one or more hydrophilic linking segments, for example water-soluble, polymeric groups.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds, polymeric compounds, and compositions used to prepare semiconductor and optoelectronic materials and devices including thin film and band gap materials. This invention provides a range of compounds, polymeric compounds, compositions, materials and methods directed ultimately toward photovoltaic applications, transparent conductive materials, as well as devices and systems for energy conversion, including solar cells. In particular, this invention relates to polymeric precursor compounds and precursor materials for preparing photovoltaic layers. In particular, this invention relates to molecular precursor compounds and precursor materials for preparing photovoltaic layers including CAIGAS.

Abstract: The rubber composition for a tire base tread includes a rubber component containing not less than 15% by weight of a terminal-modified diene rubber having a number average molecular weight prior to modification of 150000 to 400000, a filler, and a compound (vulcanizing agent) represented by the following general formula (1) in an amount of 0.5 to 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the rubber component: (wherein R represents a benzyl group, and n represents an integer of 3 to 12.

Abstract: Insulation compositions for electric power cables having a polyolefin base polymer and an additive comprising either low molecular weight wax or polyethylene glycol (PEG) and optionally further comprising one or more hindered amine light stabilizers, amine antioxidants and other antioxidant blends are disclosed. Also disclosed are insulation compositions comprising a C2 to C8 alpha olefin in combination with a polyethylene homopolymer together with, optionally, one or more hindered amine light stabilizer and a liquid cresol antioxidant.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an inkjet emulsion ink includes an aqueous liquid, a color pigment dispersed in the aqueous liquid, an oil liquid, a white pigment dispersed in the oil liquid, and polyvinyl alcohol. The aqueous liquid content of the inkjet emulsion ink is WAQ, and the oil liquid content of the inkjet emulsion ink is WOL. The color pigment is at least one selected from the group consisting of a magenta pigment, a cyan pigment, a yellow pigment, and a black pigment. The oil liquid is at least partly an aromatic alcohol represented by general formula A below. The polyvinyl alcohol is represented by general formula B below. where Ra represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, Rb represents —O— or —CH2O—, and k represents 0 or 1. wherein n and m satisfy 0.4?n/(n+m)?0.73.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel composition comprising hydroxylamine esters and thio compounds, which are suitable for lowering the molecular weight of polypropylene, propylene copolymers or polypropylene blends and result in an excellent degradation performance at temperatures below 220° C.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an environmentally safe golf ball having excellent resilience. The present invention provides a golf ball having constituting members, wherein at least a part of the constituting members is formed from a rubber composition containing (a) a base rubber, (b) a co-crosslinking agent, (c) a crosslinking initiator, and (d) an organic sulfur compound, wherein the organic sulfur compound includes a disubstituted compound of thiophenol, disulfide and/or thiophenol metal salt with Br, F or CF3 only at ortho positions.

Abstract: A radiation curing composition suitable for building a three-dimensional object by a solid freeform method is disclosed. The composition includes one or more mono-functional monomers where a respective polymer has a Glass Transition Temperature higher than about 60° C., one or more di-functional oligomers where a respective polymer has a Glass Transition Temperature lower than about 40° C. and a filler that comprises particles having an average diameter of less than 100 nm. The functional groups of the components may include meth(acrylic) and the composition has a viscosity of about 50-500 cps at ambient temperature. Further, the concentration of the mono-functional monomer may be at least 30% by weight elative to the total weight of the composition and the concentration of the di-functional oligomer may be at least 20% by weight elative to the total weight of the composition.

Abstract: This invention relates to a precipitated silica reinforced conjugated diene-based elastomer composition containing an alkoxysilane coupled, in-chain functionalized, conjugated diene-based elastomer and to a tire having at least one component thereof. Said in-chain functionalized conjugated diene-based elastomer is a conjugated diene-based elastomer which contains a plurality of at least one of in-chain p- and m-(2-pyrrolidinoethyl) styrene (PES) and m-(2-pyrrolidino-1-methylethyl) alpha-methylstyrene (PAMS) groups.

Abstract: This invention relates to an edge seal for manufacturing two-pane or multi-pane insulating glass or solar modules, there being provided a primary sealant and a secondary sealant. To create a sealing compound with which permanent stability of the edge seal can be obtained, even under high stresses, it is suggested within the scope of the invention that the primary sealant contains a polymer modified with special, reactive groups and has the following overall composition: a) 30-60 wt. %, preferably 40-50 wt. %, olefinic polymers, Mn 400-600,000 D, preferably 5,000-300,000 D b) 2-35 wt. %, preferably 5-25 wt. %, modified polymer c) 5-40 wt. %, preferably 10-30 wt. %, fine-particle, inert fillers d) 5-25 wt. %, preferably 10-15 wt. %, desiccants and water scavengers 0-3 wt. % aging resistors, in particular anti-oxidants or UV stabilizers, and that the secondary sealant is a silicone-based sealant.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds, polymeric compounds, and compositions used to prepare semiconductor and optoelectronic materials and devices including thin film and band gap materials. This invention provides a range of compounds, polymeric compounds, compositions, materials and methods directed ultimately toward photovoltaic applications, transparent conductive materials, as well as devices and systems for energy conversion, including solar cells. In particular, this invention relates to polymeric precursor compounds and precursor materials for preparing photovoltaic layers. In particular, this invention relates to molecular precursor compounds and precursor materials for preparing photovoltaic layers including CAIGAS.