Abstract: Process for passivating metallic surfaces, and a preparation suitable for implementing the process, comprising at least water, an acid, and a copolymer of functionalized (meth)acrylic esters, monomers containing phosphoric and/or phosphonic acid groups, monomers having COOH groups, and, if appropriate, further monomers. Copolymer which comprises said monomers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a water-swellable material comprising an inherently crosslinked polymer matrix and inorganic solid particles bound therein with a time-dependent swelling behavior that corresponds to a water uptake of at least 7.5 times the inherent weight of the hybrid material within one hour, as well as the applications thereof. The present invention further relates to a method for manufacture of such a water-swellable hybrid material.

Abstract: A composition is provided that allows for treatment of cancer, prophylactic treatment, and treatment of infection in the urinary tract. The composition comprises a nitric oxide (NO) eluting polymer that elutes nitric oxide (NO) in a therapeutic dose. The nitric oxide (NO) eluting polymer may be integrated with a carrier material, such that said carrier material, in use, regulates and controls the elution of said therapeutic dosage of nitric oxide (NO). The nitric oxide (NO) eluting polymer may be provided as a Solution or Suspension. Furthermore, a manufacturing method for said composition is disclosed, as well as uses of said composition in the urinary tract.

Abstract: The invention provides a polymer processing additive which, when added to a melt-processable resin, is highly effective in improving the moldability of the resin, and a molding composition containing the polymer processing additive, among others. This invention is related to a polymer processing additive comprising a fluoroelastomer subjected to heat treatment with an alkali metal inorganic salt or alkaline earth metal inorganic salt added thereto.

Abstract: A composition for forming a silica-based coating film includes a siloxane polymer and an alkali metal compound. The siloxane polymer is preferably a hydrolysis-condensation product of a silane compound having a hydrolyzable group. Sodium, lithium, potassium, rubidium, or cesium, or the like is used as the alkali metal of the alkali metal compound. Furthermore, the alkali metal compound is preferably a nitrate, sulfate, carbonate, oxide, chloride, bromide, fluoride, iodide, or hydroxide of the above alkali metal. This composition for forming a silica-based coating film may also include a pore-forming material. At least one material selected from amongst polyalkylene glycols and alkyl-terminated derivatives thereof is used as the pore-forming material.

Abstract: A composition of matter comprising a polyester composition derived from: (i) 20 to 80 mole percent of a first diol derived from a disubstituted xylene glycol of the formula (I): wherein R1 and R2 are independently selected from the group consisting of aliphatic radical, aromatic radical, cycloaliphatic, radical and halogen; and (ii) a second diol and (iii) a diacid is disclosed. Also disclosed are blends of these polyesters with polycarbonate and process to prepare these compositions and articles therefrom.

Abstract: A composition of matter comprising a polyester composition derived from: (i) greater than 80 mole percent of a diol derived from a disubstituted xylene glycol of the formula (I): wherein R1 and R2 are independently selected from the group consisting of aliphatic, aromatic, cycloaliphatic, sulfur containing compounds, amines and halogen; and (ii) a diacid is disclosed. Also disclosed are blends of these polyesters with polycarbonate and process to prepare these compositions and articles therefrom.

Abstract: Compositions for use in tri-layer applications are described herein, wherein the composition has a matrix and includes: a formulated polymer comprising at least one type of silicon-based moiety forming the matrix of the polymer, a plurality of vinyl groups coupled to the matrix of the polymer, and a plurality of phenyl groups coupled to the matrix of the polymer, at least one condensation catalyst, and at least one solvent. Tri-layer structures are also contemplated herein that comprise an organic underlayer (first layer), antireflective compositions and/or films contemplated herein (second layer) and a photoresist material (third layer) that are coupled to one another.

Abstract: The composition for forming silica based coating of the invention comprises siloxane resin such as an alkoxysilane as component (a), a solvent such as an alcohol capable of dissolving the siloxane resin as component (b), an ammonium salt, etc. as component (c) and a thermal decomposing/volatile compound as component (d), wherein the stress of the coating obtained by heat treatment at 150° C./3 min is 10 MPa and the specific permittivity of the silica based coating obtained by final curing is less than 3.0. The composition for forming silica based coating according to the invention can form a silica based coating having low permittivity, excellent adhesion and sufficient mechanical strength.

Abstract: High temperature polymer electrolyte membranes bearing pyridine and tetramethyl biphenyl moieties are provided. Preferred polymers can exhibit good mechanical properties, high thermal and oxidative stability and high doping ability with strong acids. Further provided are MEA on PEMFC type single cells.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optical element that has high quality with respect to heat resistance and light resistance, as well as high quality with respect to light transmittance. The optical element includes a thermosetting resin and fine particles, and difference between refractive index of the thermosetting resin n1 and refractive index of the fine particles n2, |n1?n2| satisfies a condition of 0?|n1?n2|?0.1.

Abstract: A method of forming a composition comprising adding at least one first compound that is at least one of an alkali metal salt, an ammonium salt, an alkali metal hydroxide, or an ammonium hydroxide and at least one second compound that is at least one of a Group IIA salt, a Group IIIA salt, a Group IIIB salt, a copper salt, a zinc salt, a cadmium salt, a manganese salt, an iron salt, a cobalt salt, or a nickel salt to a latex. This method allows for the formation of nanoparticles in the composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to various processes that utilize one or more supercritical fluids to disperse various inorganic and organic materials, including crystalline materials, into polymeric compositions, substrates or pre-formed articles without the utilization of melt processing of the polymeric compositions or exposing the various inorganic and organic materials and the polymers (or polymeric precursors) to a hot environment. The present invention also describes the unique properties that can be imparted to a polymer/resin composition or article once it has been subjected to a process according to the present invention versus those normally attributable to conventionally treated/processed polymer materials.

Abstract: A process for rapidly infusing a synthetic resinous substrate with an alkali metal nitrite, comprises (a) essentially completely dissolving the alkali metal nitrite in supercritical carbon dioxide to form a solids-free solution having from about 1 to 15% by weight of the alkali metal nitrite; (b) contacting the synthetic resinous substrate with the solution for a time sufficient to transfer at least a portion of the alkali metal nitrite into the synthetic resinous substrate while maintaining the carbon dioxide under supercritical conditions; and, (c) decreasing pressure or temperature, or both, on the synthetic resinous material sufficiently to evolve carbon dioxide and leave micronized solid alkali metal nitrite crystals in an amount less than 2% by weight essentially uniformly distributed in the synthetic resinous substrate.

Abstract: A material composition made of a matrix material, a nano-sized particulate fraction and a micron-sized particulate fraction. A process of making a nano-structured composition. A nano-structured material is provided to initiate a mixture. A micron-sized particulate material is added to the mixture. A matrix material is added to the mixture. Finally, the mixture is utilized to fabricate a nano-structured structure.

Abstract: A nanocomposite optical plastic article has a plastic host material with a temperature sensitive optical vector (x) and a core shell nanoparticulate material dispersed into the plastic host material. The core shell nanoparticulate material is characterized by a core defined by a nanoparticulate material which has a temperature sensitive optical vector (x1) and a shell defined by a coating material layer coated onto the core. It is important to the invention that temperature sensitive vector (x1) is directionally opposed to the temperature sensitive optical vector (x) and nshell<nplastic host<ncore.

Abstract: A heat conductive silicone composition comprising (a) an organopolysiloxane having alkenyl groups only at both ends of a molecular chain, (b) a heat conductive filler, (c) an organohydrogenpolysiloxane having Si—H groups only at both ends of a molecular chain, and (d) a platinum group curing catalyst is shaped into an article which conforms to a member and permits heat to dissipate from the member without applying stresses thereto.

Abstract: A method for increasing the crystallization rate of a polyethylene terepthalate (PET) prepared based on terepthalic acid (TPA) and ethylene glycol monomers, by adding into said TPA-based PET an effective amount of a polyethylene terepthalate prepared based on dimethyl terephthalate (DMT), in an amount sufficient for said thermally formable composition to have an increase in crystallization temperature as required for the final end-use application.

Abstract: A fire retardant polymer composition is provided. The fire retardant polymer composition is formed of a polymer material, a plurality of monomers of a polycondensed partially hydrolyzed chelated metal oxide precursor, and at least one flame retardant constituent. A process for making a flame retardant polymer composition is also presented. The process includes contacting a polymer material with a metal oxide sol comprising a liquid and a condensation product of a partially hydrolyzed chelated metal oxide precursor to form a mixture. The polymer material also is contacted with at least one flame retardant constituent. The polymer material is then polymerized or solidified.

Abstract: Iodine or iodophor stain resistance is imparted to a surface by applying a hardenable coating composition containing an effective amount of a reducing agent having a redox potential sufficient to decolorize an iodine or iodophor stain. The reducing agent reacts with triiodide anion in the stain to change the stain coloration from a yellowish hue (e.g., yellow-white, yellow or brown) towards a lighter hue (e.g., pale yellow, white or transparent). This decolorization reaction takes place over a period of minutes, hours or days, and preferably can eventually cause the stain to disappear.

Abstract: The current process for producing powder coatings can be replaced with a process utilizing supercritical fluids including polymer polymerization, compatibilized blending of powder coating ingredients, and particle size control and classification of the powder coating. Traditionally, powder coating resins are polymerized in solvent based system. Next, the resin is blended with additives in a twin screw extruder at high temperatures. The material is then ground and separated by particle size to form the finished powder coating. This invention replaces the previous process by performing all operations in a supercritical fluid, preferably, carbon dioxide. Polymerization is conducted at any pressure above critical pressure and temperature above critical temperature up to 190°C. Solubility of the polymer in the supercritical fluid allows for control and narrow distribution of the molecular weight and a polydispersity of about 2 or less.

Abstract: Disclosed is a flame retardant resin composition comprising: 100 parts by weight of a resin component (A) which is a resin mixture of an aromatic polycarbonate and a styrene polymer, wherein the resin mixture has an aromatic polycarbonate content of from 50 to 95% by weight and a styrene polymer content of from 5 to 50% by weight; 0.1 to 30 parts by weight of an organopolysiloxane (B) which comprises 0 to 70 mol % of a monofunctional siloxane unit (M unit), 0 to 100 mol % of a bifunctional recurring siloxane unit (D unit), 0 to 100 mol % of a trifunctional recurring siloxane unit (T unit), and 0 to 63 mol % of a tetrafunctional recurring siloxane unit (Q unit); and 0.0005 to 5 parts by weight of at least one inorganic metal salt (C) selected from the group consisting of inorganic alkali metal salts and inorganic alkaline earth metal salts.

Abstract: An anti-static polymer composition comprises a thermoformable, moldable, hybrid urethane-vinyl polymer composition which exhibits relatively low surface and volume resistivities and good toughness. The hybrid polymer composition can be made without volatile organic compounds such as solvents, neutralizing amines, or both.

Abstract: A process for rapidly infusing a synthetic resinous substrate with an alkali metal nitrite, comprises (a) essentially completely dissolving the alkali metal nitrite in supercritical carbon dioxide to form a solids-free solution having from about 1 to 15% by weight of the alkali metal nitrite; (b) contacting the synthetic resinous substrate with the solution for a time sufficient to transfer at least a portion of the alkali metal nitrite into the synthetic resinous substrate while maintaining the carbon dioxide under supercritical conditions; and, (c) decreasing pressure or temperature, or both, on the synthetic resinous material sufficiently to evolve carbon dioxide and leave micronized solid alkali metal nitrite crystals in an amount less than 2% by weight essentially uniformly distributed in the synthetic resinous substrate.

Abstract: The invention concerns the use of a composition or premix based on volatile corrosion inhibitors comprising, in order to limit to a maximum the release and/or degradation of the volatile corrosion inhibitors when the composition or premix is being formed, either an efficient amount of a structuring agent consisting of at least one solid or pasty substance whereof the melting point ranges from 40 to 110° C. preferably from 50 to 90° C., or a liquid substance capable of forming, mixed with a mineral filler, a solid or pasty combination. The invention also concerns a composition based on volatile corrosion inhibitors comprising a composition based on volatile corrosion inhibitors comprising an efficient amount which contains an efficient amount of a solid structuring agent. The invention further concerns polymer based articles having as constituent said composition or premix; said article are useful for protecting metal parts against corrosion.

Abstract: A tire sealer and inflator provides utilization of R-134a propellant combined with a sealant composition. In a described example, a tire sealer and inflator includes R-134a propellant, and a sealant composition consisting essentially of, by weight, water approximately 77%, acrylic resin emulsion approximately 22%, sodium nitrite approximately 0.75%, oleic acid approximately 0.01%, and ammonium hydroxide approximately 0.01%.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition comprising, a) at least one oligomer, cooligomer, polymer or copolymer or blends thereof, containing a stable free nitroxyl radical (1); and b) a reducing agent; with the proviso that the composition is essentially free of a polymerizable monomer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a finished resin composition containing (a) an unsaturated polyester, b) a polymerizable monomer, (c) a promoter system, and (d) a composite stabilizer; wherein the composite stabilizer is a hydroxylamine oxide and aromatic antioxidant and, optionally, a hydroxylamine and is present at 0.001-0.5 parts per 100 parts of the finished UPE resin. The stabilizing system improves processing stability by preventing gel-particle formation, improved storage stability of the curing compositions by inhibiting formation of overhead popcorn and suppressing drifts of resin viscosity and gel time.

Abstract: The present invention relates to various processes that utilize one or more supercritical fluids to disperse various inorganic and organic materials, including crystalline materials, into polymeric compositions, substrates or pre-formed articles without the utilization of melt processing of the polymeric compositions or exposing the various inorganic and organic materials and the polymers (or polymeric precursors) to a hot environment. The present invention also describes the unique properties that can be imparted to a polymer/resin composition or article once it has been subjected to a process according to the present invention versus those normally attributable to conventionally treated/processed polymer materials.

Abstract: Fluoropolymer resin is stabilized and/or whitened by addition of a small amount of alkali metal nitrate prior to extrusion. The nitrate can be introduced during polymerization, isolation, or preparation of extruder feed.

Abstract: A coating composition for forming insulating films, a non-oriented electrical steel sheet with the coating composition coated thereon, and a method for forming the insulating films on the steel sheet, are disclosed. The coating composition includes the following ingredients for each 100 g of phosphoric acid of a primary aluminum phosphate solution. The coating composition comprises 28-98 g (solid weight) of an acid-soluble emulsion type acrylic-styrenic copolymer resin, 6-18 g of zinc nitrate, 4-13 g of a silicon additive, 18-35 g of ethylene glycol, and 3-11 g of non-ionic surfactant. The non-oriented electrical steel sheet is coated with the above coating composition. The coating composition is superior in roll coating workability and in film characteristics, and further, it is environmentally friendly and has superior aesthetics.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for priming an aluminum material by applying a primer containing the nitrate or related compound of a metal selected from aluminum, zirconium, cerium, chromium, and iron to the surface of the aluminum material so that the amount of adhering metal becomes 1.0 mM/m2 or more and baking the primer, and also relates to a primer for an aluminum material containing water-soluble acrylic acid-based polymers in the range of 3.5 to 22.5 g/l as solids concentration, the nitrate or related compound of a metal selected from aluminum, zirconium, cerium, and iron in the range of 30 to 500 g/l, a hydrofluoric acid-based compound in the range of 1.0 to 5.0 g/l as elemental fluorine, and an organic reducing agent in the range of 5 to 30 g/l. This invention makes it possible to apply a primer to the surface of an aluminum material with excellent corrosion resistance.

Abstract: Pulverulent rubber powder containing filler which remains free-flowing even after exposure to mechanical stresses, a process for the production thereof, in which the rubber powder is obtained in two precipitation steps, and the use of these powders for the production of vulcanizable rubber compounds.

Abstract: The ink set of this invention comprises at least two inks, one of which contains a pH sensitive polymer and pigment colorant with dispersant. A second ink is provided which comprises incompatible inorganic or organic salts or has an appropriate pH. The polymer precipitates onto a medium upon contact with the second ink, thereby providing improved bleed control.

Abstract: Ammonium nitrate powder 10 and aluminum hydroxide powder 39, both of which are flame-retardant materials, are blended and kneaded with a polymer material 41 which should serve as a matrix, to thereby obtain a compound 531. A polymer material obtained by molding such compound 531 by a predetermined molding process will have an excellent flame retardancy without being significantly modified in polymer properties thereof as compared with those before the flame-retardant material is compounded.

Abstract: Shear stable aqueous emulsion of amino modified siloxanes may be made by the addition of a mono acid to the emulsion. These compositions may include acids such as (a) hydroxy carboxylic acids; (b) amino dicarboxylic acids; (c) amic acids; (d) monoesters of dicarboxylic acids; (e) monoesters of di-inorganic acids; and (f) diesters of tri-inorganic acids.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a rubber composition for a tire for a tire tube, and more particularly, to a rubber composition for a tire tube of motor car tire. The rubber composition comprises a low-gel, high molecular weight isoolefin multiolefin copolymer, in particular a low-gel, high molecular weight butyl rubber, or a low-gel, high molecular weight isoolefin multiolefin copolymer synthesized from isobutene, isoprene and optionally further monomers, with a multiolefin content of greater than 2.5 mol %, a molecular weight Mw of greater than 240 kg/mol and a gel content of less than 1.2 wt. % and/or a halogenated, low-gel, high molecular weight isoolefin multiolefin copolymer, in particular a halogenated, low-gel, high molecular weight butyl rubber, or a halogenated, low-gel, high molecular weight isoolefin multiolefin copolymer synthesized from isobutene, isoprene and optionally further monomers, with a multiolefin content of greater than 2.

Abstract: The current process for producing powder coatings can be replaced with a process utilizing supercritical fluids including polymer polymerization, compatibilized blending of powder coating ingredients, and particle size control and classification of the powder coating. Traditionally, powder coating resins are polymerized in solvent based system. Next, the resin is blended with additives in a twin screw extruder at high temperatures. The material is then ground and separated by particle size to form the finished powder coating. This invention replaces the previous process by performing all operations in a supercritical fluid, preferably, carbon dioxide. Polymerization is conducted at any pressure above critical pressure and temperature above critical temperature up to 190° C. Solubility of the polymer in the supercritical fluid allows for control and narrow distribution of the molecular weight and a polydispersity of about 2 or less.

Abstract: A process for making a PVDF-based powder coating compositions using a co-coagulation process and compositions comprising co-coagulated PVDF, co-coagulated PVDF-based powder coating compositions and substances coated with these compositions. Vinylidene fluoride polymer latex compositions are mixed with compatible thermoplastic polymer latex, such as acrylic polymer latex, and a coagulant is added. The coagulant precipitates the vinylidene fluoride and polymer, and the precipitant is filtered and dried forming the powder coating. The powder coating is homogenous. The coating comprises no solvents and can be applied to a number of substrates.

Abstract: Aqueous dispersions of cationic water-soluble polymers are provided, as well as processes for making and methods of using the same.

Abstract: The present invention provides polyhexamathylene adipamide fibers significantly excellent in thermal yellowing resistance, and a process for producing the same. The improved polyhexamethylene adipamide fibers have adaptability to fibers for clothing which adaptability is comparable to that of poly-&egr;-capramide fibers and polyester fibers. The improved polyhexamethylene adipamide fibers can be obtained by either (1) melt spinning a polyhexamethylene adipamide simultaneously containing 2,4-bis(alkylthio)-6-(3,5-dialkyl-4-hydroxyanilino)-1,3,5-triazine and a compound selected from the group consisting of phosphorous acid, hypophosphorous acid and derivatives of these acids, or (2) melt spinning the fibers having the sum of an amino end group concentration ([—NH2)]) and a carboxyl end group concentration ([—COOH]) of 70 to 200 meq/kg, satisfying the condition: [—COOH]≦60 meq/kg, and containing from 0.005 to 0.

Abstract: A powder-free coagulant for use in latex dipping processes comprises a salt stable dispersion of a polychloroprene rubber and an inorganic metal salt. Optionally the coagulant will also contain a powder-free release agent, to aid release of the dipped article from the former, comprising a polypropylene wax emulsion and a cationic surfactant.

Abstract: Corrosion inhibiting thermoplastic alloys and methods of preparing same for use in fabricating molded articles with long-term corrosion protection. Masterbatches of an ABS resin together with selected corrosion inhibitor formulations are extruded for use in molding operations particularly adapted for preparing protective enclosures for delicate metals, such as are present in electronic media devices and apparatus. Molded articles are prepared from acrylonitrile butadiene styrene resin and a solid phase corrosion inhibitor blended in situ, and wherein the resin consists essentially of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, and wherein the corrosion inhibitor contains a blend of dicyclohexylammonium nitrite, sodium nitrite, benzotriazole, sodium molybdate and sodium sebacate.

Abstract: A fire suppressant composition is provided which exhibits a low pressure and low flame temperature. The composition comprises ammonium nitrate and a guanidine salt or derivative which produces greater than 3 moles of inert gas per 100 grams of composition and alkali metal or alkaline earth salts for flame suppression. The composition may also include iron or iron oxide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition containing a non-halogen, non-intumescent flame-retardant system comprising at least one flame-retardant agent with the provisos that the flame-retardant system does not comprise Sb.sub.2 O.sub.3 or does not consist only of alumina trihydrate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a heat-conductive polyimide film comprising a heat-conductive powder dispersed therein with a concentration gradient. The film can be produced, for example, by centrifugal casting. The film can be used as an excellent component or member in those fields in which heat conductivity is required in addition to mechanical characteristics, heat resistance and chemical resistance. For example, it is used as a thermal fixation member in a laser printer.

Abstract: A polymeric material formed from a biodegradable polymer matrix is impregnated with a nitric oxide donor for continuous release of nitric oxide upon hydration.

Abstract: A stabilized solution of hydrogen silsesquioxane resin is disclosed. The solution comprises 100 parts by weight solvent, 0.1 to 100 parts by weight hydrogen silsesquioxane resin, and 0.002 to 4 parts by weight acid. These solutions are useful for forming coatings on substrates.

Abstract: A hard polishing pad with a porous surface for use in chemical-mechanical planarization of semiconductor wafers. The polishing pad has a body with a planarizing surface upon which a slurry may be deposited, and a plurality of particles are suspended in the body. The body is made from a continuous phase matrix material, and the particles are made from a substantially incompressible material that is soluble in the slurry. As a wafer is planarized, the particles at the planarizing surface of the polishing pad dissolve in the slurry and create pores in the pad. Also, because the particles are substantially incompressible, they reinforce the pad to provide a hard, substantially incompressible pad.

Abstract: An aqueous dispersion comprising a dispersed polymer is disclosed, obtained by combining (i) the dispersed polymer (ii) a hydrated metal salt of a strong acid, and (iii) a polymeric surfactant comprising a hydrophobic component containing an aryl radical containing at least 7 carbon atoms and a hydrophilic block component containing at least six repeat units derived from water-soluble monomers, or a multifunctional block copolymeric surfactant derived from the sequential addition of propylene oxide or higher alkylene oxide units and subsequently ethylene oxide units to a polyamine moiety. It has been found that the addition of such polymeric surfactants in accordance with the invention can stabilize an aqueous polymeric dispersion or latex even when hydrated metal salts of strong acids, such as Al.sub.2 (SO.sub.4).sub.3.18H.sub.2 O, AlCl.sub.3.6H.sub.2 O, Al(NO.sub.3).sub.3.9H.sub.2 O, Zn(NO.sub.3).sub.2.6H.sub.2 O etc., are present.