Abstract: A process for manufacturing an inorganic foam includes (i) separately preparing an aqueous foam and a cement slurry, the cement slurry including water W, a cement C, a water-reducing agent, a water-soluble calcium salt, a water-soluble silicate salt, the calcium/silicon molar ratio being 0.7 to 1.7 and the W/C weight ratio being 0.25 to 0.40, and given that the calcium ion concentration is 0.03 to 0.97%, expressed as weight percent relative to the weight of the cement, and that the silicate ion concentration is 0.04 to 1.67%, expressed as weight percent relative to the weight of the cement; (ii) contacting the cement slurry obtained with the aqueous foam to obtain a foamed cement slurry; and (iii) shaping the foamed cement slurry obtained in step (ii) and allowing setting to occur.

Abstract: A process for producing solid compositions containing calcium silicate hydrate (C—S—H) and a water-soluble comb polymer which is suitable as plasticizer for hydraulic binders, wherein the following process steps are carried out: a) contacting of an aqueous C—S—H-containing suspension with at least one comb polymer, b) optionally setting a suitable solids content of the product from step a) by dilution with water and c) drying of the product from step a) or b). The process products which can be obtained, the use thereof in building material mixtures, in particular, containing cement, the use as grinding aid in the production of cement and corresponding building material mixtures are likewise provided.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for the preparation of a hardening accelerator composition by reaction of a water-soluble calcium compound with a water-soluble silicate compound and by reaction of a calcium compound with a silicon dioxide containing component under alkaline conditions, in both cases the reaction being carried out in the presence of a polycondensate containing at least one structural unit consisting of an aromatic or heteroaromatic moiety bearing a polyether side chain and at least one structural unit consisting of an aromatic or heteroaromatic moiety bearing at least one phosphoric acid ester group and/or its salt. The invention concerns a composition of calcium silicate hydrate and the polycondensate, its use as hardening accelerator and for the reduction of the permeability of hardened compositions.

Abstract: Disclosed is a modified metal oxide sol that has a large hydrophilizing effect and antistatic effect, can be produced at low cost and is capable of being a coating. Specifically disclosed is a modified metal oxide sol characterized by modification by a functional group represented by formula (1) at 0.55-5.5 mmol per 1 g of metal oxide sol. MOS(?O)2—R1—Si(CH3)n(—O—)3-n (1) {In the formula, M is a hydrogen ion, C1-4 alkyl group, metal ion or ammonium (NR24) group; Rl is a C1-10 alkylene group (may have urethane bonds or urea bonds in the main alkylene chain); R2 may be the same or different and is a C1-5 alkyl group or a hydrogen atom; and n represents 0 or 1}.

Abstract: A composition of matter comprising an interpenetrating polymer network of a combination of a silanol-containing polysiloxane phase and a silylated triglyceride oil phase. The two phases are mixed and covalently bound to each other via siloxane crosslinks. A method for producing interpenetrating polymer networks. The method comprises providing triglycerides from oils or fats and reacting the triglycerides with a reactive silane to form a silylated triglyceride oil. The silylated triglyceride oil and a silanol terminated polysiloxane are emulsified with water in a predetermined ratio. Thereafter, crosslinking agents are added and the water is removed from the emulsions providing siloxane crosslinks between the two intimately mixed immiscible phases.

Abstract: A moisture-curable polyurethane formulation is provided capable of curing to form a reaction product, having high green strength and being dispensable from a caulking gun. The polyurethane formulation comprises at least one isocyanate-terminated prepolymer, at least one rheology modifier or filler, optionally monomeric/polymeric isocyanate, and at least one urea-based thixotropic additive added to the formulation or formed in situ, to provide greater than 1% of urea groups in the reaction product. A method for making a moisture-curable polyurethane formulation capable of curing to form a reaction product and methods of bonding materials together using the formulation are also provided.

Abstract: Synthetic aggregates and methods of producing the same are disclosed herein. The aggregates advantageously utilize styrene polymer particles coated with additional materials such as fly ash, silica fume, and/or “liquid glass” in order to provide an improved means for manufacturing lightweight concrete that is significantly stronger than conventional lightweight concretes.

Abstract: The present invention aims to provide a rigid polyurethane resin for cutting, which has high heat resistance, no scorching, and reduced expansion due to absorption of moisture in the air. The rigid polyurethane resin-forming composition (P) for cutting of the present invention includes: a polyol component (A); an isocyanate component (B); an inorganic filler (C); and a dehydrating agent (D). The polyol component (A) includes: 45 to 99% by weight of a polyphenol (j) alkylene oxide adduct (a), the polyphenol (j) having k functional groups where k is an integer of 2 or 3; and 1 to 55% by weight of a polyol (b). The polyphenol (j) alkylene oxide adduct (a) includes a total of not more than 39% by weight of a polyphenol (j) alkylene oxide adduct (ak) with at most k moles of alkylene oxide, based on 100% by weight of the polyphenol (j) alkylene oxide adduct (a), and has a hydroxyl value of 100 to 295 mg KOH/g.

Abstract: A cross-linkable nitrile rubber composition comprising a nitrile rubber (A1) including an ?,?-ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer unit and having iodine value of 120 or less, silica (B1) having CaO value determined by X-ray fluorescence composition analysis of 0.5 wt % or more, and a crosslinking agent (C1). According to the present invention, a cross-linkable nitrile rubber composition, capable of giving a highly-saturated cross-linked nitrile rubber having excellent mechanical properties such as elongation and small compression set, and excellent in workability, and a cross-linked rubber obtained by crosslinking the rubber composition can be provided.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a method of stabilizing high solid slurries, like kaolin slurries, the method comprises causticizing the sodium polycrylate or polyacrylic acid used in a dispersant blend to a pH of above 9. The method comprises a homogeneous dispersant blend of sodium carbonate, sodium polyacrylate, sodium silicate, and sodium hydroxide. This invention is also directed to a method of stabilizing high solid slurries, like kaolin slurries, by adding sodium polyacrylate at an acidic pH range or polyacrylic acid solution to the slurries: and adding a blend of soda ash and sodium silicate to the slurries.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for the preparation of a hardening accelerator composition by reaction of a water-soluble calcium compound with a water-soluble silicate compound and a process for the preparation of a hardening accelerator composition by reaction of a calcium compound with a silicon dioxide containing component under alkaline conditions, in both cases the reaction of the water-soluble calcium compound with the water-soluble silicate compound being carried out in the presence of an aqueous solution which contains a water-soluble comb polymer suitable as a plasticizer for hydraulic binders. The invention concerns also a composition of calcium silicate hydrate and comb polymer, its use as hardening accelerator and for the reduction of the permeability of hardened compositions.

Abstract: A two-part epoxy-based structural adhesive composition comprising a curable epoxy resin, an amine curing agent, a toughening agent, and an oil-displacing agent. The structural adhesive may optionally include reactive liquid modifiers, fillers, secondary curatives, reactive diluents, surfactants, metal salts, pigments and combinations thereof. The structural adhesive may be used to form bonded joints between adherends having clean surfaces, as well as those having surfaces contaminated with hydrocarbon-containing materials, such as oils, processing aids and lubricating agents.

Abstract: Chain-extended nanonylon is made from the reaction of in-situ polymerized nanonylon and chain-extending agents. Knowing the viscosity/shear rate curve for a thermoplastic polymer to be replaced, such as nylon, the method of the present invention allows via adjustment of organoclay concentration and chain extension of the nylon polymer and other reaction factors to achieve a chain-extended, in-situ polymerized nanonylon to have a viscosity/shear rate curve that essentially matches the viscosity/shear rate curve for that neat nylon within a commercially operable shear rate.

Abstract: The invention relates to hydrogels capable of absorbing aqueous fluids, which hydrogels are produced by polymerization of olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acids or their derivatives. The hydrogels are characterized in that before, during or after the polymerization reaction and before drying a silicic acid alkali salt of the general formula (I) M2O×nSiO2 is added to the polymerization reaction mixture. In said formula M is an alkali metal and n is a number between 0.5 and 4. The hydrogel obtained in this way is then dried at an elevated temperature. The invention also relates to a method for producing said hydrogels and to their use for absorbing aqueous fluids.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide for coatings which include the reaction product of a reaction system, where the reaction system encompasses at least one prepolymer having isocyanate functional groups, where the prepolymer includes the reaction product of at least one isocyanate and at least one polyol having an hydroxyl functionality of between about 2 and about 6. a sodium silicate solution, at least one isocyanate reactive component having at least one of a hydroxyl and an amine functionality of between about 2 and about 4, at least one intumescent filler, at least one filler, and optionally a suspension agent.

Abstract: A golf ball exhibits excellent abrasion-resistance and resilience. A golf ball of the present invention includes: a core; and a cover covering the core, wherein the cover is formed of a cover composition containing a (meth)acrylic polymer-modified silicate and a resin component.

Abstract: To provide a golf ball with excellent abrasion-resistance and resilience. A golf ball of the present invention comprises: a core; and a cover covering the core, wherein the cover is formed of a cover composition containing a (meth)acrylic polymer-modified silicate and a resin component.

Abstract: The invention relates in one aspect to a post-formulation concentrated nanocomposite dispersion containing an invisible marker dye. The dispersion typically includes a silicate filler and a matrix polymer dispersed in an aqueous medium as well. The dispersions form optically transparent barrier films wherein the dye is effective to indicate film thickness on a substrate. Specific embodiments of this invention include a nanocomposite coating formulation designed to provide transparent high barrier coatings at thicknesses from 1 to 10 microns that include a near infrared (NIR) or infrared (IR) dye that enables rapid measurement of coating thickness and uniformity. The preferred dye imparts no observable color or appearance change, and thus can also function as an identifier for the coating.

Abstract: A polymer composition comprises (a) least 40 wt % (based upon the weight of the composition) of a cyclic olefin polymer comprising at least one acyclic olefin and at least 20 wt % of one or more cyclic olefins (based upon the weight of the cyclic olefin polymer), wherein at least a portion of the cyclic olefin polymer has a glass transition temperature of greater than 100° C.; (b) an acyclic olefin polymer modifier in an amount up to 40 wt % (based upon the weight of the composition); and (c) at least 10 wt % (based upon the weight of the composition) of one of more fillers. The polymer composition has a notched Izod impact resistance measured at 23° C. of greater than 100 J/m and a flexural modulus (1% secant method) of greater than 1400 MPa.

Abstract: A moisture-curable polyurethane formulation is provided capable of curing to form a reaction product, having high green strength and being dispensable from a caulking gun. The polyurethane formulation comprises at least one isocyanate-terminated prepolymer, at least one rheology modifier or filler, optionally monomeric/polymeric isocyanate, and at least one urea-based thixotropic additive added to the formulation or formed in situ, to provide greater than 1% of urea groups in the reaction product. A method for making a moisture-curable polyurethane formulation capable of curing to form a reaction product and methods of bonding materials together using the formulation are also provided.

Abstract: The invention is directed to putty compositions curable by means of high energy radiation, comprising A) at least one compound capable of free-radical polymerization having at least one olefinic unsaturated group and B) at least one filler, the at least one filler or a mixture of fillers having a particle size distribution such that at most 8% by volume of the filler particles in relation to the total volume of fillers have a particle size of less than or equal to 1.9 ?m and can be used particularly in repair coating vehicle bodies and parts thereof.

Abstract: Chain-extended nanonylon is made from the reaction of in-situ polymerized nanonylon and chain-extending agents. Knowing the viscosity/shear rate curve for a thermoplastic polymer to be replaced, such as nylon, the method of the present invention allows via adjustment of organoclay concentration and chain extension of the nylon polymer and other reaction factors to achieve a chain-extended, in-situ polymerized nanonylon to have a viscosity/shear rate curve that essentially matches the viscosity/shear rate curve for that neat nylon within a commercially operable shear rate.

Abstract: Colloidal silica particles dispersed in a reactive monomer may cause the polymerization, degradation, or the like of the reactive monomer by an action of the solid acidity of the surfaces of the particles and a monomer may be polymerized during a process for producing a monomer-dispersed silica sol, or a stable silica sol may not be obtained. In addition, a polymer of a resin formed article etc. obtained by curing a monomer-dispersed silica sol may be deteriorated, degraded, or the like with time. Therefore, there are provided a reactive monomer-dispersed silica sol having high stability by reducing the solid acidity of the surfaces of the colloidal silica particles contained in the reactive monomer-dispersed silica sol, and a production method thereof, and a curable composition using the reactive monomer-dispersed silica sol, and a cured article in which the deterioration, the degradation, or the like of the polymer is suppressed.

Abstract: A reactive monomer-dispersed silica sol having high stability by reducing the solid acidity of the surfaces of the colloidal silica particles contained in the reactive monomer-dispersed silica sol, and a production method thereof, and a curable composition using the reactive monomer-dispersed silica sol, and a cured article in which the deterioration, the degradation, or the like of the polymer is suppressed. A reactive monomer-dispersed silica sol containing a colloidal silica particle in which an alkaline earth metal ion is bonded to a surface of the colloidal silica particle.

Abstract: Solution blending of masterbatch of cationically functionalized polyvinyl acetate copolymer/silicate nanocomposite where the silicate is substantially exfoliated, and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), produces product of increased tensile strength and Young's Modulus compared to neat EVA and reduced flammability compared to neat EVA. The product can be injection molded or compression molded or extruded without loss of these advantages.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to improve abrasion-resistance and spin performance of a golf ball having a polyurethane cover. The golf ball of the present invention is a golf ball having a core and a cover covering the core. The cover contains a layered silicate and a polyurethane resin having a secondary or a tertiary amine structure in a molecular chain thereof. In the present invention, the polyurethane resin used as a resin component constituting the cover has a secondary or tertiary amine structure in a molecular chain. Thus, it has a strong interaction with the layered silicate, and a reinforcing effect of the filler becomes even higher. As a result, abrasion-resistance and spin performance of the resultant cover are improved.

Abstract: A polyamic acid solution according to the present invention includes a polyamic acid, a solvent (C) in which the polyamic acid (PAA1) is dissolved, and a substance (M) that can release at least one metal selected from groups 1 and 2 of the periodic table as a metal ion, or a substance (m) that contains the substance (M). A polyimide composite according to the present invention is produced from the polyamic acid solution. The present invention provides a polyimide composite having a greatly improved glass transition temperature without impairing the intrinsic physical properties of the polyimide.

Abstract: Colloidal silica particles dispersed in a reactive monomer may cause the polymerization, degradation, or the like of the reactive monomer by an action of the solid acidity of the surfaces of the particles and a monomer may be polymerized during a process for producing a monomer-dispersed silica sol, or a stable silica sol may not be obtained. In addition, a polymer of a resin formed article etc. obtained by curing a monomer-dispersed silica sol may be deteriorated, degraded, or the like with time. Therefore, there are provided a reactive monomer-dispersed silica sol having high stability by reducing the solid acidity of the surfaces of the colloidal silica particles contained in the reactive monomer-dispersed silica sol, and a production method thereof, and a curable composition using the reactive monomer-dispersed silica sol, and a cured article in which the deterioration, the degradation, or the like of the polymer is suppressed.

Abstract: The invention provides a transparent composite material comprising a cured product of a three-dimensionally crosslinkable resin composition containing tabular inorganic substance having a number-average particle size of 10 to 300 nm and an aspect ratio of 10 to 300 dispersed therein, which material has a small coefficient of thermal expansion against surrounding temperature changes and can be suitably applicable as substrate for display devices, to thereby overcome disadvantages in substrate for display devices using conventional materials that differences in thermal shrinkage between a substrate and an transparent electrode cause cracks in the transparent electrode, resulting in increasing resistance and causing disconnection, and further can provide a display device with high durability.

Abstract: A norbornene-based resin molded article obtained by bulk polymerizing a norbornene-based monomer in a mold; wherein said norbornene-based resin molded article is characterized by comprising a hybrid filler obtained by high-speed mixing the two or more kinds of fillers in dry method. Preferably, said hybrid filler is obtained by high-speed mixing, at least a fibrous filler having 5 to 100 aspect ratio and a particulate filler having 1 to 2 aspect ratio, in dry method. The present invention provides the norbornene-based resin molded article superior in rigidity and dimensional stability; and the method of production thereof.

Abstract: Processes are disclosed relating to modifying clays with an olefinic functionalized surfactant containing a chain end polymerizable double bond, and to treating the thus modified organoclay with an olefin polymerization catalyst precursor, and polymerizing an olefin in the presence of the thus treated organoclay and an organoaluminum cocatalyst.

Abstract: In the invention, a polyester resin comprising dicarboxylic acid constitutional units and diol constitutional units wherein 5 to 60 mol % of the diol constitutional units has a cyclic acetal skeleton is produced by a process comprising an oligomerization step and a polymerization step. In the oligomerization step, an ester having a limited acid value is transesterified with a diol having a cyclic acetal skeleton in the presence of a basic compound to obtain an oligomer. The oligomer is then polymerized in the subsequent polymerization step to increase the molecular weight.

Abstract: In the invention, a polyester resin having dicarboxylic acid constitutional units and diol constitutional units wherein 5 to 60 mol % of the diol constitutional units has a cyclic acetal skeleton is produced by a process including an oligomerization step and a polymerization step. In the oligomerization step, an ester having a limited acid value is transesterified with a diol having a cyclic acetal skeleton in the presence of a titanium compound to obtain an oligomer. The oligomer is then polymerized in the subsequent polymerization step to increase the molecular weight.

Abstract: The invention is drawn to silane copolymers prepared from the reaction of one or more polyisocyanates with one or more lubricious polymers having at least two functional groups, which may be the same or different, that are reactive with an isocyanate functional group and with one or more organo-functional silanes having at least two functional groups, which may be the same or different, that are reactive with an isocyanate functional group and at least one functional group reactive with a silicone rubber substrate. The silane copolymers of the invention can be used as coatings that are elastic when dry, lubricious when wet, and resist wet abrasion. These copolymers are useful as coatings for polysiloxane (rubber) and other difficult to coat substrates, especially for medical devices, such as catheters. These silane copolymers can contain active agents such as antimicrobials, pharmaceuticals, herbicides, insecticides, algaecides, antifoulants, and antifogging agents.

Abstract: Bonded vehicular glass assemblies utilizing two-component urethane adhesives to attach dynamic load-bearing attachment members to glass substrates to form a joint suitable for use on a vehicle, and related methods of forming are described herein. In addition, methods of attaching components to glass by use of these adhesives are disclosed. The two-component urethane adhesives utilized in this invention have been found to provide surprisingly strong bonds between glass and other materials which meet or exceed OEM requirements, and be particularly well suited for use in vehicles.

Abstract: The invention relates to silicone compositions which can be crosslinked to give elastomers and which comprises the constituents (A) from 20 to 99% by weight of polyorganosiloxane containing at least two alkenyl groups per molecule and having a viscosity at 25° C. of from 0.1 to 500,000 Pa.s, (B) from 1 to 80% by weight of non-reinforcing filler having a mean particle size of from 0.1 to 200 &mgr;m and a specific surface area of <100 m2/g, (C) a crosslinking component comprising (C1) an organic peroxide, or (C2) an organosilicon compound containing at least two SiH functions per molecule in combination with a hydrosilylation catalyst, and (D) a nitrogen compound which is selected from amino, ammonium and amido compounds and nitrogen-containing organosilicon compounds. The compositions exhibit improved thermal stability and resistance to oil at elevated temperatures.

Abstract: A process for producing a composite material comprising a polymer with polar or polarizable groups, a layered silicate dispersed therein, and a substance such as surfactant which controls the crystalline structure or molecular conformation of the polymer. The process produces the composite material without in situ formation or melting. The composite material has an increased glass transition temperature, improved mechanical strength and high optical clarity or transparency.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes for preparing a nanocomposite comprising: a. preparing an organoclay material by reacting a swellable layered clay with an onium ion represented by Formula (I): wherein i) M is nitrogen or phosphorus, ii) R1 is a straight or branched alkyl group having at least 8 carbon atoms, iii) R2, R3, and R4 are independently selected from organic or oligomeric ligands or hydrogen, and iv) at least one of R2, R3, and R4 comprises an alkylene oxide group having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms or a polyalkylene oxide group, and b. melt mixing the organoclay material with an expanding agent, and c. melt extruding the expanded organoclay and a polymer to provide a nanocomposite.

Abstract: The present invention provides processes for producing certain very low inherent viscosity polyesters. Also provided are the low inherent viscosity polyesters in discrete particulate form, and processes for producing the particulate polyesters. The discrete particulate materials are desirable for use in further processes.

Abstract: Zeolites of type A wherein all the cationic sites of which occupied by sodium, calcium and/or magnesium, potassium and hydronium cations, which exhibit the advantage of having a water adsorption capacity≧23%, which do not adsorb and therefore cannot desorb nitrogen, and which, incorporated in polyurethane (PU) resins, make it possible to increase the potlife of the PU formulations in which they are incorporated. Such zeolites are prepared by a process comprising bringing into contact an aqueous suspension of zeolite 3A, 4A or 5A, an aqueous solution of calcium or potassium salt(s) or solutions of calcium and potassium salt(s), and an acid solution, simultaneously or otherwise and in any order; and in then filtering off and washing the solid obtained, and then drying and activating the zeolite.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to a process polymerizing a feedstock which comprises glycerol or derivatives thereof, said process comprising heating said feedstock, in the presence of at least one synthetic magnesium saponite clay catalyst in the H form, to a temperature at which condensation polymerization takes place, for a time sufficient to produce polymers of glycerol or derivatives thereof.

Abstract: A method is provided for the manufacture of elastic, fire resistant, organo-mineral systems based on water-glass in which, to the water-glass, compounds, having terminal amino groups are added, in which at least one free hydrogen atom on at least one amino group and at least one alkylene group interrupted by one oxygen and/or sulphur atom are present as well as the products and the two component systems which can be obtained therewith. The later can be applied in mining for filling and/or agglutination of anchors.

Abstract: Disclosed is a flame retardant polybutyleneterephthalate resin prepared be copolymerizing a phosphorus-based flame retardant represented by the following formula I and a butyleneterephthalate unit: wherein R1 and R2 are different or the same and are methyl or butyl including a hydroxyl group.

Abstract: A tire with at least one component of a rubber composition which contains oriented exfoliated platelets derived from an intercalated clay. Such tire component may be, for example, a rubber/cord laminate and, optionally, a sidewall insert and, optionally, an apex.

Abstract: The invention is drawn to silane copolymers prepared from the reaction of one or more polyisocyanates with one or more lubricious polymers having at least two functional groups, which may be the same or different, that are reactive with an isocyanate functional group and with one or more organo-functional silanes having at least two functional groups, which may be the same or different, that are reactive with an isocyanate functional group and at least one functional group reactive with a silicone rubber substrate. The silane copolymers of the invention can be used as coatings that are elastic when dry, lubricious when wet, and resist wet abrasion. These copolymers are useful as coatings for polysiloxane (rubber) and other difficult to coat substrates, especially for medical devices, such as catheters. These silane copolymers can contain active agents such as antimicrobials, pharmaceuticals, herbicides, insecticides, algaecides, antifoulants, and antifogging agents.

Abstract: A process for preparing alkali silicate—polyisocyanate composites without catalyst separation. The process involves blending a catalyst and a polyisocyanate to form a first component, and blending an alkali silicate and water to form a second component. The first and second components are then mixed together to form a reactive mixture that reacts to form a hardened composite. The progression of the reaction proceeds without excessive foaming, high exotherms, or the release of an offensive odor. Sodium silicate—polyisocyanate composites prepared according to the above process, and a process for using the alkali silicate—polyisocyanate composites to consolidate and seal various types of formations in mining, tunneling, and other construction projects are also disclosed. Any void volume which is capable of receiving a flowable precursor of a composite formulation according to the invention prior to its cure is suitable for treatment according to the present invention.

Abstract: A process for preparing alkali silicate-polyisocyanate composites without catalyst separation. The process involves blending a catalyst and a polyisocyanate to form a first component, and blending an alkali silicate and water to form a second component. The first and second components are then mixed together to form a reactive mixture that reacts to form a hardened composite. The progression of the reaction proceeds without excessive foaming, high exotherms, or the release of an offensive odor. Sodium silicate-polyisocyanate composites prepared according to the above process, and a process for using the alkali silicate-polyisocyanate composites to consolidate and seal various types of formations in mining, tunneling, and other construction projects are also disclosed. Any void volume which is capable of receiving a flowable precursor of a composite formulation according to the invention prior to its cure is suitable for treatment according to the present invention.

Abstract: A method for preparing a binder material for cellulosic products which comprises providing a polymeric resin base material preferably comprising 4,4′ or 2,4′ methylene diphenylene diisocyanate in the range of from about 20% to about 55% by weight and a functionality greater than about 2, forming a colloidal gel from silica and a basic solution, and incorporating the colloidal gel into the polymeric base material at a temperature, rate of addition and agitation level to achieve a substantially homogeneous binder material.

Abstract: This invention relates to a polymer-clay intercalates, exfoliates, nanocomposites and methods of manufacturing comprising (i) a melt-processible matrix polymer, and incorporated therein (ii) a mixture of at least two layered clay materials. The invention also relates to articles produced from a nanocomposite and a process for preparing a nanocomposite.

Abstract: The invention provides dental composition system having curable liquid which is useful alone as a light curable composition and which is useful by mixing with a powder in preselected proportions to form dual cure compositions. The composition system is useful as bonding agent, cement, liner, base, restorative, pit and fissure sealants, and/or core build-up material, having improved adhesion to dentin. After storing the powder and the liquid in separate containers for at least two weeks and then mixing a portion of the powder and a portion of the liquid to form a mixture, the polymerizable compound polymerizes within 20 minutes of the mixing to form a first polymeric material having a flexural strength of at least 50 MPa, and an expansion in water at 37° C. after 90 days of less than 1 percent by volume.