Abstract: This invention discloses a process for preparing a latex having a high solids content which comprises the steps of (1) terpolymerizing a vinyl aromatic monomer, an alkyl propenoic acid ester, and an alkyl propenoic acid monomer in an aqueous polymerization medium by free radical polymerization in a first polymerization step to produce a seed polymer latex; (2) neutralizing the seed polymer latex to a pH of about 7 to about 10 by the addition of an alkali to produce a neutralized seed polymer latex; (3) adding additional vinyl aromatic monomer and alkyl propenoic acid ester to the neutralized seed polymer latex and allowing the additional vinyl aromatic monomer and the additional alkyl propenoic acid ester to polymerize in a second polymerization step to a solids content of at least about 40% to produce the latex having the high solids content; wherein about 20 percent to about 40 percent of the total amount of monomers polymerized in the first polymerization step and the second polymerization step are polymer

Abstract: Aqueous polymer dispersions containing polymers obtainable by free-radical polymerization of unsaturated monomers, and sugared starch, and the use thereof.

Abstract: Pigment preparations useful for pigmenting or delustering finishes for leather and leather substitutes consist essentially of pigments or delusterants or a mixture thereof, binders, water and if desired further customary dispersants and auxiliaries, the binders used being copolymers ofA) from 40 to 80% by weight of at least one aromatic vinyl compound of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each hydrogen, methyl or ethyl and n is 1 or 2,B) from 20 to 60% by weight of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid or a mixture thereof, andC) from 0 to 10% by weight of further copolymerizable monomers,in the form of their salts.

Abstract: Aqueous synthetic resin dispersions are obtainable by copolymerizingA) from 70 to 97.5 parts by weight of a monomer mixture containinga) from 40 to 75% by weight of butadiene (monomer I),b) from 25 to 60% by weight of acrylonitrile (monomer II),c) from 0 to 25% by weight of styrene (monomer III),d) from 0 to 10% by weight of one or more amides of .alpha.,.beta.-monoethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acids of 3 to 5 carbon atoms (monomers IV) ande) from 0 to 10% by weight of other copolymerizable monomers (monomers V) andB) from 2.5 to 30 parts by weight of one or more copolymerizable monovinyl compounds (monomers VI) in aqueous emulsion at from 30.degree. to 70.degree. C. by a method in which not less than 50% by weight of the monomer mixture A is prepolymerized to a conversion of not less than 80%, and the polymerization is then continued with the addition of the remaining monomers A and the monomers B.These dispersions are suitable as binders for protective coats on leather.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the preparation of styrene/acrylic type polymers which are useful in the sizing of paper. The process comprises polymerizing the monomers in an alcohol/water mixture at reflux temperature in the presence of a free-radical generating catalyst. The catalyst is added portion-wise over the course of the reaction and the resultant polymer is neutralized while substantially simultaneously separating the alcohol/water mixture and adding water to recover a product of less than 25% polymer solids.

Abstract: Thermosetting coating compositions are based on a binder comprising carboxyl functional polyurethane, acrylic copolymer, and if desired a carbodiimide crosslinker. The binder is produced by synthesizing an isocyanate terminated, carboxyl functional urethane prepolymer in the absence of water and organic solvent but in the presence of ethylenic monomers. The organic phase urethane prepolymer dispersed in ethylenic monomers is inverted into water whereupon the urethane prepolymer is extended by reaction with a primary or secondary polyamine such as diamine to produce a high molecular weight polyurethane-urea. Thereafter, the ethylenic monomers are copolymerized to form an aqueous dispersed polyurethane-urea and acrylic copolymer mixture. The resulting polymeric binder is useful in protective surface coatings applied to plastic substrates. A carbodiimide can be added to provide thermosetting crosslinking with the carboxyl functional polyurethane.

Abstract: Aqueous secondary dispersions containing phosphate groups are obtainable by copolymerization of(A) 25-98% by weight of acrylates and/or methacrylates,(B) 1-10% by weight of acrylic and/or methacrylic acid,(C) 1-8% by weight of a compound of the general formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each hydrogen and/or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -hydrocarbon radical and Z is a straight-chain or branched C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkylene, and(D) 0-60% by weight of a copolymerizable olefinically unsaturated compound, in an organic solvent, neutralization of the copolymer solution and dilution with water and, if required, removal of solvent by distillation.

Abstract: (A) 1 to 50% by weight of at least one end carboxyl bearing reactive vinyl monomer of the formula: ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 is hydrogen or methyl group; R.sub.2 is a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic hydrocarbon having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, alicyclic hydrocarbon having 6 to 7 carbon atoms or aromatic hydrocarbon having 6 carbon atoms; A is a repeating unit of ##STR2## R.sub.3 is ethylene or propylene; R.sub.4 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene having 2 to 7 carbon atoms; R.sub.5 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene having 2 to 5 carbon atoms; m is an integer of 1 to 10; n is an integer of 2 to 50; X is an inorganic or organic base, and when .alpha., .beta.-ethylenically unsaturated compound(s) (B) hereinunder referred to includes a basic relative monomer, it may be hydrogen atom, and(B) 99 to 50% by weight of at least one other .alpha., .beta.-ethylenically unsaturated compounds, in an aqueous medium through an emulsion polymerization and removing the said medium therefrom.

Abstract: An improved blister resistant paper coating polymer latex comprising an aliphatic conjugated diene monomer, a monoolefinic monomer and an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer and including a molecular weight modifier such as an organosulfur compound and a soluble salt of a nonpolymerizable organic acid.

Abstract: Aqueous dispersions of copolymers of(a) from 70 to 85% by weight of nontertiary butyl (meth)acrylates,(b) from 8 to 27.2% by weight of (meth)acrylates (A) whose homopolymers have a glass transition temperature greater than that of the polybutyl (meth)acrylate up to 0.degree. C. and (meth)acrylates (B) whose homopolymers have a glass transition temperature below that of the polybutyl (meth)acrylate, the weight ratio of the (meth)acrylates (A) to the (meth)acrylates (B) being from 3:1 to 1:3,(c) from 2 to 15% by weight of methyl methacrylate, styrene and/or acrylonitrile and(d) 0.8 to 5% by weight of monoolefinically unsaturated mono- and/or dicarboxylic acids of 3 to 5 carbon atoms and/or their amides which are unsubstituted or substituted at the nitrogen atoms by alkyl and/or alkylol radicals of 1 to 4 carbon atoms and/or hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylates where the alkyl groups are of 2 to 5 carbon atoms,are used for coating sheet-like substrates.

Abstract: Aqueous dispersions of copolymers having a glass transition temperature of not more than -45.degree. C. and a K value greater than 80 consist of not less than 80% by weight of acrylates of alkanols of 8 to 12 carbon atoms, from 1 to 4% by weight of .alpha.,.beta.- monoolefinically unsaturated carboxylic acids and/or their amide derivatives and from 0.1 to 3% by weight of .alpha.-methylstyrene, and are used for the production of self-adhesive structures having good tack at as low as -40.degree. C.

Abstract: The invention provides new weakly acidic crosslinked vinyl polymer particles having utility as components of coating compositions, liquid electrographic developers, and layers of electrographic elements and records.The polymeric particles of the invention are characterized in that each particle has a weakly acidic surface and an average diameter less than one micrometer and comprises a crosslinked vinyl addition copolymer obtainable by aqueous emulsion polymerization of a mixture of monomers in the presence of a polymerization initiator.

Abstract: An aqueous dispersion of a vinyl copolymer resin is prepared by polymerizing 1 to 15 parts by weight of a polyoxyethylene-containing hydrophilic polymerizable vinyl monomer of which polyoxyethylene moiety has an average molecular weight of 2,000 to 10,000, 99 to 85 parts by weight of at least one specific polymerizable vinyl monomer and 0 to 5 parts by weight of alpha, beta-unsaturated carboxylic acids, salts thereof or anhydrides thereof in an organic solvent, and dispersing the resulting vinyl copolymer resin solution in water.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of stable aqueous polymer dispersions which contain an alkenyl-aromatic compound as copolymerized units, by polymerizing monomer mixtures which contain(a) not less than 2% by weight of an alkenyl-aromatic compound and(b) from 0.5 to 10% by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated C.sub.3 -C.sub.5 -carboxylic acid and/or its amide and/or its nitrile and/or an ethylenically unsaturated monomer containing sulfonic acid groups, with or without(c) acrylic acid esters, methacrylic acid esters and/or butadienein aqueous emulsion in the presence of a polymerization initiator, with or without an emulsifier and with or without a polymerization regulator, at a pH below 7, in the presence of from 0.2 to 2% by weight of formaldehyde.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved process for affecting preparation of resin particles by a bead polymerization reaction which for example comprises (1) providing a solution mixture of water, suspension agent, and surfactant; (2) adding thereto while stirring a monomer component, a low molecular weight wax, and a polymerization initiator; (3) affecting polymerization of the monomer by heating the resulting solution at a temperature of from about 90 degrees Centigrade to about 120 degrees Centigrade; and (4) separating the resulting polymer from the reaction mixture.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved process for affecting preparation of resin particles by a bead polymerization reaction which for example comprises (1) providing a solution mixture of water, suspension agent, and surfactant; (2) adding thereto while stirring a monomer component, a low molecular weight wax, and a polymerization initiator; (3) affecting polymerization of the monomer by heating the resulting solution at a temperature of from about 90 degrees Centigrade to about 120 degrees Centigrade; and (4) separating the resulting polymer from the reaction mixture.

Abstract: An aqueous dispersion of a copolymer comprising:(A) from 20 to 90 percent by weight of an unsaturated carboxylic acid of the formula ##STR1## where R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 are hydrogen, alkyl, or --(CH.sub.2).sub.n COOM and M is a proton or an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal or an ammonium cation, and(B) from 10 to 80 percent of at least one other comonomer different from and copolymerizable with A; methods of making a ready-to-use foundry molding sand by mixing such a dispersion with sand; and such ready-to-use foundry molding sands.

Abstract: Copolymers prepared by emulsion or solution copolymerization, initiated by free radicals, of unsaturated copolymerizable monomers, the copolymers being built up from(a) 1-45% by weight of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids,(b) 0.5-30% by weight of a surface-active crotonic acid ester,(c) 30-85% by weight of methacrylic acid esters or acrylic acid esters of aliphatic (C.sub.1 -C.sub.18)-alcohols,(d) 0-40% by weight of other ethylenically unsaturated comonomers,(e) 0-3% by weight of polyethylenically unsaturated compounds and(f) 0-5% by weight of molecular weight regulators,and, if appropriate, the free acid groups of the copolymers subsequently having been partly or completely neutralized by addition of bases and converted into water-soluble or colloidally water-dispersible copolymer salts.

Abstract: Aqueous based pressure sensitive adhesives having improved shear properties are prepared from a latex of a monomer composition selected from the group:(a)(i) from about 60 to 99.5 weight percent of an ester of acrylic or methacrylic acid; and(ii) from about 0.5 to about 40 weight percent of a C.sub.3-9 ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid;(b)(i) from about 40 to 99 weight percent of a C.sub.4-8 conjugated diolefin;(ii) optionally up to about 60 weight percent of a vinyl aromatic monomer;(iii) from about 0.5 to about 40 weight percent of a C.sub.3-9 ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid; and(c)(i) from about 1 to 40 weight percent of a C.sub.2-4 monoolefin;(ii) from about 60 to 99.5 weight percent of a vinyl ester; and(iii) from about 0.5 to 40 weight percent of a C.sub.3-9 ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid;said latex having been neutralized to a pH of equal to or greater than about 6 with an alkali metal hydroxide or salt.

Abstract: Colloidal size particles of an inorganic solid such as magnetic iron oxide or titanium dioxide are encapsulated in a hydrophobic addition polymer such as a polymer of styrene by a polymerization process wherein a water-immiscible (hydrophobic) monomer is dispersed in an aqueous colloidal dispersion of the inorganic particles and subjected to conditions of emulsion polymerization. The resulting encapsulated particles are usefully employed as catalysts, toners, pigments and diagnostic latexes that have magnetic characteristics.

Abstract: This invention concerns a nonwoven fabric particularly adapted for use as a diaper coverstock. The fabric consists essentially of fibers and a binder wherein at least 50%, by weight, of the fibers are hydrophobic fibers. The binder comprises a water insoluble, hydrophobic, emulsion copolymer of ethylenically unsaturated monomers comprising (A) 1 to 8% by weight of a monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, or a mixture thereof, (B) 50 to 75% by weight of a C.sub.4 to C.sub.8 alkyl acrylate or a mixture thereof, and (C) 20 to 49% by weight of methyl methacrylate, styrene, .alpha.-methyl styrene or a mixture thereof. The fabric has sufficient wet tensile strength for use as a diaper coverstock.

Abstract: A process is described for making sterically stabilized non-aqueous dispersions of polymer microparticles, in which (1) monomers including at least one crosslinking monomer are polymerized in an aqueous medium at a temperature at least 10.degree. higher than the glass transition temperature of the polymer to be formed, in the presence of a block or graft copolymer stabilizing agent containing in the molecule, as the component solvated by the aqueous medium, a polymer chain derived from a polyethylene glycol of molecular weight at least 1000, under conditions such that there is at no time present a separate monomer phase and (2) the microparticles thus obtained are transferred into a non-aqueous medium which is capable of dissolving the polyethylene glycol in question, when the latter is in the non-hydrated state, to the extent of at least 10% by weight at room temperature.

Abstract: Sterically stabilized aqueous polymer dispersions of at least 20% solids content are made by free radical-initiated polymerization of monomers in an aqueous medium at a temperature at least 10.degree. C. higher than the glass transition temperature of the polymer to be formed, in the presence of a compound which is soluble in the aqueous medium and contains in the molecule a polymeric component of molecular weight at least 1000 which is solvatable by the aqueous medium and an unsaturated grouping which can copolymerize with the monomers, the conditions being such that there is at no time present a separate monomer phase. The dispersions are useful as a basis of improved coating compositions.