Abstract: Blend compositions are provided comprising first polyvinyl chloride and a second polyvinyl chloride wherein the inherent viscosity (I.V.) of the second polyvinyl chloride, measured in accordance with ASTM1243 is at least about 0.2 units higher than the I.V. of the first polyvinyl chloride. Preferably the I.V. of the second polyvinyl chloride is from 0.2 to 1.0 units higher than the I.V. of said first polyvinyl chloride, with the most preferred difference in I.V. (.DELTA.I.V.) being 0.35 to 0.65 units so as to yield a balance of property improvements including impact resistance, heat distortion temperature, melt flow and melt viscosity. The compositions also can further comprise melt flow enhancers and/or Tg enhancing agents.

Abstract: Rigid thermoplastic articles are disclosed which have reduced surface gloss. The reduced gloss is achieved by the use of a mixture of polymers having different viscoelastic properties. The preferred embodiment is a mixture of PVC and crosslinked PVC.

Abstract: A mixture is produced, comprising from 50 to 95% by weight of at least one vinyl chloride-based resin, from 1 to 20% by weight of at least one olefin-based resin, from 1 to 20% by weight of a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate which has a vinyl acetate content of between 10 and 35% and from 2 to 40% by weight of a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate which has a vinyl acetate content of between 60 and 95%, and the product thus obtained is then processed.The process makes it possible in particular to produce sheets which have good mechanical properties and which have a remarkable transparency.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the present invention is a polymeric composition, in pellet form, which comprises a vinyldene chloride interpolymer, and a friction reducing polymer (FRP) in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 40 weight percent, said weight percent being based on the total weight of the polymeric composition. The FRP is selected to selected to lower the frictional coefficient and the mechanical energy to extrude of the polymeric composition. In another embodiment, the present invention is a polymeric composition, in either power or pellet form, possessing improved extrudability, composition comprises a vinylidene chloride interpolymer in an amount of from about 55 to about 99.85 weight percent, a FRP in an amount from about 0.1 to about 40 weight percent, and a salt of an acid in an amount of between about 0.05 and about 5 weight percent, said weight percents being based on the total weight of the polymeric composition.

Abstract: A blood platelet preserving container formed of a flexible vinyl chloride resin composition containing 1 to 30% by weight, based on the total amount of vinyl chloride resin component, of cross-linked vinyl chloride resin particles having an average diameter in the range of 2 to 30 .mu.m and provided on the inner wall surface thereof with minute protuberances, and a method thereof.

Abstract: A vinyl chloride polymer formulation having a chlorinated olefin polymer as an impact modifier, and an oxidized high density polyethylene homopolymer having an acid number of from about 5 to about 40 as a fusion promoter can be converted into shaped articles. The invention includes an improved olefin polymer impact modifier composition for use with vinyl chloride polymer formulations, the composition comprising a combination of said chlorinated olefin polymer and said oxidized high density polyethylene homopolymer. The vinyl chloride polymer formulation of the present invention is useful, for example, as a feedstock for the preparation of shaped articles such as vinyl siding and vinyl window frames.

Abstract: Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride resins when crosslinked have improved melt strength in comparison with non-crosslinked chlorinated polyvinyl chloride resins. Moreover, the crosslinked chlorinated polyvinyl chloride resins have unexpected improved processing properties such as reduced processing torgue in comparison with crosslinked polyvinyl chloride resins which upon crosslinking exhibit increased processing torque. Various amounts of non-crosslinked chlorinated polyvinyl chloride and/or non-crosslinked polyvinyl chloride which does not affect said improved properties can be blended with the cross-linked chlorinated polyvinyl chloride resins.

Abstract: Vinyl halide polymer compositions exhibiting reduced gas permeability are described which comprise a mixture of(a) at least one vinyl halide polymer; and(B) from about 1 to about 40 parts by weight per 100 parts of vinyl halide polymer (A) of at least one olefinic nitrile polymer.The vinyl halide polymers preferably are vinyl chloride homopolymers and copolymers, and the olefinic nitrile polymers are copolymers of an olefinically unsaturated nitrile such as acrylonitrile and one or more monomers from the group of conjugated dienes, monoolefins, olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid esters, and vinyl aromatic compounds. The olefinic nitrile polymer can be chosen or manufactured to have a refractive index which is similar to the refractive index of the vinyl halide polymer thereby resulting in a more transparent composition.

Abstract: Oxidized polyethylenes useful as lubricants in the extrusion of polyvinyl chloride are prepared by oxidation of finely divided polyethylene of high density at elevated temperatures with an oxidation gas of air and/or oxygen, the polyethylene used containing from 0.015 to 0.5% by weight of a free radical former organic compound in admixture and being contacted per hour with an oxidation gas which per kilogram of polyethylene contains from 30 to 600, in particular from 80 to 300, mg of ozone, with or without a reduced pressure treatment at elevated temperatures after the oxidation.

Abstract: A thermoplastic rubber composition comprising a nitrile rubber containing not less than 20% by weight of a gel insoluble in methyl ethyl ketone, a vinyl chloride resin containing 0.05 to 20% by weight of a carboxyl group, a compound of a monovalent or divalent metal and a plasticizer, said monovalent or divalent metal compound being an ionic crosslinking agent which reacts ionically with the carboxyl group of the vinyl chloride resin to crosslink the vinyl chloride resin.

Abstract: A processing aid for a thermoplastic resin is disclosed, which is a two-stage polymer obtained by polymerizing (B) 5 to 50 parts by weight of a monomer or monomer mixture composed mainly of methyl methacrylate in the presence of (A) 50 to 95 parts by weight of a polymer comprising 100 to 50% by weight of units of a methacrylic acid ester other than methyl methacrylate and 0 to 50% by weight of units of other monomer copolymerizable with the methacrylic acid ester and having a reduced viscosity .eta.sp/C not larger than 2.0 dl/g, so that the total amount of the components (A) and (B) is 100 parts by weight and the reduced viscosity .eta.sp of the final polymer is not larger than 2.0 dl/g. A thermoplastic resin having the processing aid incorporated therein has an improved shaping processability, and a shaped article mode therefrom has good surface characteristics.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions comprising at least one elastomer and at least one plastic. The composition can be produced by preparing the elastomer and then blending it with the plastic. The composition can be subjected to an additional step of curing.

Abstract: A transparent polyblend is formed from(a1) 99.9-0.1% by weight of a methyl (meth)acrylate homopolymer or of a copolymer thereof with up to 20% by weight of units of alkyl (meth)acrylate having an alkyl radical of from 2 to 10 carbon atoms and up to 10% by weight of further comonomers or(a2) 99.9-0.1% by weight of a styrene or .alpha.-methylstyrene and acrylonitrile copolymer containing from 5 to 30% by weight of units of acrylonitrile or(a3) 99.9-0.1% by weight of a possibly impact-modified polyvinyl chloride homopolymer or copolymer with up to 20% by weight of comonomers and(b) 0.1-99.9% by weight of a cycloalkyl (meth)acrylate homopolymer or copolymer with up to 99.9% by weight of units of methyl methacrylate.

Abstract: A polymeric polyblend composition comprising a vinylidene chloride interpolymer, polyvinylchloride, and a compatibilizing amount of a compatabilizing polymer, said polymers being miscible.

Abstract: A bonding composition comprising an aqueous dispersion is described, which is used to bond natural and synthetic elastomers to metallic and nonmetallic substrates under vulcanizing conditions. Such dispersions contain an organic polymeric film-forming substance, an aromatic polynitroso compound, and a coactivator and optionally contain conventional adhesion promoters, fillers and processing aids. In order to widen the field of application and to ensure a high stability of the bond against corrosive influences, the coactivator particularly consists of phenylene bis-maleic acid imide, but one more of the following may be used: triallyl- cyanurate, triallylisocyanurate, diallylacrylamide, tetraallylterephthalamide, tris(1-methyl-2-propenyl) isocyanurate, trivinylisocyanurate, triallyltrimellitate, diallylphthalate, ethylene-glycoldimethacrylate, trimethylolpropanetrimethacrylate, and 1,3-butyleneglycoldimethacrylate.

Abstract: A matting agent for plastic compositions comprising either a high molecular weight, gel-containing vinyl chloride polymer with a gel content of 10 to 99% by weight, a maximum mercury porosity of 0.2 cm.sup.3 /g, a maximum plasticizer absorption of 15%, a particle size parameter d' of 10 to 80 .mu.m and a coefficient of uniformity n greater than 3, or a high molecular weight, gel containing copolymer of vinyl chloride and 1 to 40% by weight of comonomer with a gel content of 10 to 99% by weight, a maximum mercury porosity of 0.10 cm.sup.3 /g, a maximum plasticizer absorption of 10%, a particle size parameter d' of 10 to 80 .mu.m and a coefficient of uniformity n greater than 3, plastic articles containing said matting agent and a method of imparting a matt to the surface of plastic articles.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a process for preparing hollow polymer latexes by a one stage emulsion polymerization. The first step invloves introducing an effective amount of a first charge of a organic phase to an aqueous phase. The first charge of the organic phase comprises monomer which is vertually insoluble in the aqeuous phase and an inert-nonpolymerizable hydrocarbon. The polymer formed from polymerizing the monomer is virtually insoluble in the hydrocarbon, the hydrocarbon is virtually insoluble in the aqueous phase and the monomer is miscible with the hydrocarbon. The monomer is polymerized to produce a low molecular weight polymer such that the low molecular weight polymer will phase separate from the organic phase and conentrates at the surface of the introduced organic phase forming a low molecular weight polymer phase.

Abstract: A polymeric blend composition comprising a vinylidene chloride interpolymer, a copolymer of a monovinylidene aromatic monomer and methyl methacrylate, and, optionally, a polymer formed from one or more monovinylidene aromatic monomers. The polymeric blend compositions of the present invention have been found to possess excellent impact strength and sufficient melt strength and rigidity to be thermoformable.

Abstract: A compatibilized blend of at least three polymers is provided. One polymer is a vinylidene chloride interpolymer, such as a copolymer of vinylidene chloride and vinyl chloride. A second polymer is an olefin polymer, such as polyethylene. A third polymer is a compatibilizing polymer such as an ethylene/alkyl acrylate or an ethylene/alkyl methacrylate copolymer. The compatibilized blend, after melt processing, has mechanical properties which are better than those predicted by a straight line volume fraction relationship of the vinylidene chloride interpolymer and the olefin polymer.

Abstract: Thermoplastic moulding materials, of vinyl chloride polymers, which contain a polymer, prepared in the presence of mercaptans, from styrene, .alpha.-methylstyrene, vinyltoluene, acrylonitrile, methyl methacrylate or mixtures thereof and which possess improved processing properties.

Abstract: A matting agent for plastic compositions comprising either a high molecular weight, gel-containing vinyl chloride polymer with a gel content of 10 to 99% by weight, a maximum mercury porosity of 0.2 cm.sup.3 /g, a maximum plasticizer absorption of 15%, a particle size parameter d' of 10 to 80 .mu.m and a coefficient of uniformity n greater than 3, or a high molecular weight, gel containing copolymer of vinyl chloride and 1 to 40% by weight of comonomer with a gel content of 10 to 99% by weight, a maximum mercury porosity of 0.10 cm.sup.3 /g, a maximum plasticizer absorption of 10%, a particle size parameter d' of 10 to 80 .mu.m and a coefficient of uniformity n greater than 3, plastic articles containing said matting agent and a method of imparting a matt to the surface of plastic articles.

Abstract: The invention relates to opaque synthetic resins containing 1 to 30% by weight of cross-linked beads consisting of a polymer comprised of:(i) 9.9 to 59.9% by weight of at least one radically polymerizable monomer A containing an aromatic residue or nonaromatic monomers A' which contain a halogen;(ii) 90 to 40% by weight of vinyl monomers B which are copolymerizable with these monomers but different from them;(iii) 0.1 to 20% by weight of at least one cross-linking monomer V and(iv) 0 to 10% by weight of a strongly polar monomer Hand where (a) the refractive index of the polymer is higher than that of the polymer matrix and that (b) the average bead size of the beads is in the range of 20 to 50 microns.

Abstract: The melt viscosity of chlorinated polyvinyl chloride is reduced by blending it with small amounts of low molecular weight polystyrene type polymers. Such blends also exhibit good mechanical compatibility.

Abstract: A process for preparing a thermoplastic polymer blend of two normally incompatible polymers by treating one polymer such that it contains repeating units of pendant cyclic iminoether groups and treating the other polymer such that it contains coreactive groups which are capable of reacting with the iminoether group to form linkages between the polymers. The compatibilized blend formed by the subject process is also provided.

Abstract: A resin composition having a nacreous gloss comprising (i) a polyvinyl chloride resin and (ii) a polystyrene resin or a high impact polystyrene resin is provided. This composition can be advantageously molded into any article and provide an excellent nacreous gloss thereto.

Abstract: A composition of matter comprising a blend of CPVC having a chlorine content of between about 60% and 66% by weight and a polymethylmethacrylate content of between about 0% and 80% by weight of the blend. The composition of matter displays substantially single, homogeneous phase behavior with the CPVC and polymethylmethacrylate being substantially or completely miscible. Blending of CPVC and polymethylmethacrylate provides a reulting blended polymeric material having enhanced temperature and durability properties. Melt processability of CPVC polymeric material may be enhanced by the inclusion of polymethylmethacrylate to form the blends.

Abstract: A composition comprising:(a) at least one copolymer having at least one of M.sub.w /M.sub.n less than 2 and M.sub.z /M.sub.w less than 1.8; and(b) at least one plastic composition.The composition can be produced by preparing the elastomer and then blending it with the plastic. The composition can be subjected to an additional step of curing.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions which are blends of vinylidene chloride-vinyl chloride copolymers with certain indene or 3-methylindene containing polymers.

Abstract: A process for preparing a polymeric blend stock comprising fluidizing a first particulated polymer, contacting the particulated polymer with droplets of a latex of a second polymer or polymer mixture, retaining the resulting product in a fluid state under conditions sufficient to dry the latex, and recovering the resulting dried polymeric blend stock.

Abstract: Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC) polymer alloys generally contain relatively large amounts of a flow enhancing polymer such as alpha-methyl styrene and a compatibilizing agent such as styrene acrylonitrile copolymer. The alloys are made from blends having a significant increase in processing stability, often more than double than CPVC compounds. Conventional salts can be utilized to co-stabilize the blends. Other improved physical properties of the alloys include dramatically reduced melt viscosities and good flexual modulus when compared to CPVC. Good impact resistance can be developed by the incorporation of impact modifiers such as acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymers. The smoothness of milled sheets made from the CPVC alloys is also significantly improved.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of partially hydrogenated nitrile rubbers with defined residual double bond contents of between 2.0 and 5.0%, preferably 3.0 and 4.5%.

Abstract: A latex copolymer composition is produced having good flame retardancy. The copolymer is typically made from vinylidene chloride monomers, conjugated diene monomers, vinyl substituted aromatic monomers, and functional monomers such as unsaturated mono or dicarboxylic acids. Through the use of flame retardant agents such as halogenated waxes, metallic salts, and the like, the pliability or softness, as well as the strength of the copolymer composition, can be controlled. Flexibilizing agents can optionally be utilized to abate cracking, especially after heat aging. The composition can optionally be pigmented. The flame retardant latex composition can be utilized as coatings on various substrates such as mats, fibers, and the like.

Abstract: A polymer composition comprising (a) 35-65 parts by weight polyvinyl chloride, (b) 10-55 parts by weight chlorinated polyethylene or chlorosulfonated polyethylene elastomer or mixtures thereof containing 24-40 weight percent chlorine, (c) 10-55 parts by weight of a chlorinated polyethylene or chlorosulfonated polyethylene elastomer or mixtures thereof containing 40-52 weight percent chlorine with the proviso that the chlorine level of the elastomers (b) and (c) differ by at least 5 weight percent, and (d) 1-30 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of total chlorinated polymers (a), (b) and (c) of an ethylene terpolymer containing 48-74 weight percent ethylene, 20-40 weight percent vinyl acetate or alkyl acrylate wherein the alkyl group contains 1-10 carbon atoms, and 6-14 weight percent carbon monoxide. Such compositions are useful as pond liners, roofing membranes, wire and cable covering, and window profiles.

Abstract: Covulcanizates with good mechanical properties obtained from mixtures of (a) from 50 to 5% by weight of chlorinated or chlorosulphonated polyethylene, acrylate rubber or ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymers and (b) from 50 to 95% by weight of partially or completely hydrogenated nitrile group-containing elastomers containing from 25 to 140 nitrile nitrogen atoms and less than 35 double bonds for each 1,000 carbon atoms, by cross linking.

Abstract: Miscible blends of solids, non-crosslinked polymers are disclosed. The blends comprise from 2 to 95 parts by weight of a water-insoluble, hydrophobic polymer and, correspondingly from 98 to 5 parts by weight of a hydrophilic polymer. The blends are capable of absorbing at least their own weight in water.

Abstract: Vinyl chloride polymer (PVC) composition especially suitable for calendering which comprises PVC, at least one copolymer of an alkyl (meth)acrylate (preferably n-butyl acrylate) and alpha methyl styrene of low molecular weight (10,000 to 100,000) achieved by performing the copolymerization in the presence of a chain transfer agent, particularly cyclohexene, and which composition optionally contains a processing aid, and wherein the PVC and said at least one alkyl (meth)acrylate copolymer are admixed by performing the VC polymerization process to produce the PVC in the presence of the alkyl (meth)acrylate copolymer.

Abstract: A polyvinyl chloride resin composition is disclosed, which contains an .alpha.-methylstyrene/acrylonitrile copolymer in a specified amount. Forming sheet materials made therefrom having high heat distortion resistance as well as a favorable balance of tensile strength and stretching characteristics at elevated temperatures and being suitable for vacuum and pressure forming are also disclosed.

Abstract: Polymer systems can be rendered flame retardant by adding a source of halogen and particles of antimony pentoxide that have been dried from colloidal dispersions that have been treated with certain metal ions. The properties of the polymer are conserved when the colloidal dispersion is treated with ions of metals that have insoluble antimonates before drying to form a powder.

Abstract: It has been found that if two different chlorosulfonated polyethylenes, each with its own specific selected chlorine and sulfur content range, are blended with polyvinyl chloride, the resulting three-phase blend has good oil resistance and low temperature toughness.

Abstract: A stiffening material composed of 30 to 80 weight percent filler particles and 70 to 20 weight percent binder which is thermoplastically deformable and has melt-adhesive properties in the temperature range of 50.degree. to 80.degree. C., wherein the filler particles are plastic particles or particles having plastic surfaces with a particle size distribution of 50 to 500 microns.

Abstract: Rubber modified styrene-acrylonitrile polymers (ABS) having three different types of rubber particles. One type is small, usually emulsion-produced particle. The second is a large emulsion-produced particle. The third is a large, mass-produced particle. Such compositions exhibit good combinations of toughness and gloss.

Abstract: Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC) polymer alloys generally contain relatively large amounts of a flow enhancing polymer such as alpha-methyl styrene and a compatibilizing agent such as styrene acrylonitrile copolymer. The alloys are made from blends having a significant increase in processing stability, often more than double than CPVC compounds. Conventional salts can be utilized to co-stabilize the blends. Other improved physical properties of the alloys include dramatically reduced melt viscosities and good flexual modulus when compared to CPVC. Good impact resistance can be developed by the incorporation of impact modifiers such as acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymers. The smoothness of milled sheets made from the CPVC alloys is also significantly improved.

Abstract: A mixture of a basic thermoplastic and of a more orientatable and crystallizable reinforcing polymer is extruded through a nozzle of an extruder or of an injection molding machine, and these molten elements have a temperature in the nozzle of about the melting temperature of the polymer, to at most 10.degree. C. thereabove.The reinforced polymer product presents excellent strength properties.

Abstract: Thermoplastic resin compositions comprising a thermoplastic resin capable of biaxial orientation and an additive resin, having a molecular weight above 10.sup.6, compatible with said thermoplastic resin and selected from a homopolymer of a vinyl monomer or a copolymer of at least two vinyl monomers.

Abstract: A synergistic effect in reducing the burning characteristics of polymers is obtained by the use of molybdenum based compounds in conjunction with an effective amount of a sulfur-containing polymer whether used alone or as an additive to other polymeric systems.

Abstract: A polyolefin blend comprising, in physical admixture, a major portion of particles of a polyethylene and a minor portion of particles of a composition of a thermoplastic second polymer, is disclosed. The polyethylene is selected from the group consisting of homopolymers of ethylene and copolymers of ethylene and at least one C.sub.4 -C.sub.10 higher alpha-olefin, and the second polymer is a normally solid thermoplastic polymer having a melting point of less than 185.degree. C. and a shear viscosity that is not more than that of the polyethylene when measured at 200.degree. C. and a shear rate of 400 sec.sup.-1 with the proviso that the second polymer is not a homopolymer or copolymer derived solely from hydrocarbon alpha-olefins having 2-10 carbon atoms. Examples of second polymers are (a) homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated hydrocarbons in which at least one monomer is other than a C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 alpha-olefin, e.g.

Abstract: A vinyl chloride resin composition comprising(A) 100 parts by weight of a vinyl chloride resin,(B) 30 to 200 parts by weight of an ethylene/vinyl acetate/carbon monoxide copolymer, and(C) 2 to 80 parts by weight of chlorinated polyethylene. The said vinyl chloride resin composition can be prepared by simultaneously melt-mixing 100 parts by weight of the vinyl chloride resin, 30 to 200 parts by weight of the ethylene/vinyl acetate/carbon monoxide copolymer and 2 to 80 parts by weight of chlorinated polyethylene.

Abstract: A resin composition is disclosed which comprises a blend of from about 40 to about 95 percent by weight thereof of a first polymeric component and from about 50 to about 5 percent by weight thereof of a second polymeric component, the blend being characterized by an interior region containing a disproportionately higher content of first polymeric component and an exterior region containing a disproportionately higher content of second polymeric component, the first polymeric component being selected from the group consisting of amorphous homopolymer of styrene or lower alkyl substituted styrene and amorphous copolymer of styrene and/or alkyl substituted styrene containing up to about 40 weight percent thereof of at least one other olefinic monomer copolymerized therewith and the second polymeric component being selected from the group consisting of crystalline homopolymer of propylene and crystalline copolymer of propylene containing up to about 30 weight percent thereof of at least one other olefinic monomer

Abstract: A vinyl chloride polymer resin composition having excellent processability and flowability is comprised of (A) 100 weight parts of a vinyl chloride polymer composition comprising 5 to 100 weight % of a vinyl chloride polymer having an average polymerization degree of 300 to 700 and 95 to 0 weight % of a vinyl chloride polymer having an average molecular weight higher than 700, and (B) 0.1 to 30 weight parts of a methyl methacrylate polymer comprised of at least 40 weight % of methyl methacrylate and having a reduced viscosity (.eta.sp/C) of 0.1 to 2 l/g.

Abstract: A flame-retardant resin composition comprising:(a) a copolymer obtained by copolymerizing from 65 to 80% by weight of .alpha.-methylstyrene, from 15 to 30% by weight of acrylonitrile and from 0 to 30% by weight of a monomer copolymerizable therewith and having a number average molecular weight of from 15,000 to 80,000;(b) a graft copolymer obtained by copolymerizing from 20 to 70 parts by weight of a monomer mixture of from 50 to 80% by weight of styrene, from 15 to 35% by weight of acrylonitrile and from 0 to 30% by weight of other vinyl compound copolymerizable therewith in the presence of from 30 to 80 parts by weight of a rubber having a glass transition temperature of not higher than 0.degree. C.