Abstract: A process for preparing modified diene polymer rubbers having an increased impact resilience, a reduced hardness at low temperatures and an improved processability, and useful as rubber materials for automobile tires and other industries which comprises producing a conjugated diene polymer having alkali metal end or ends, and reacting the alkali metal-containing polymer with (a) a silicon or tin compound of the formula: R.sub.a MX.sub.b wherein R is an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, a cycloalkenyl group or an aromatic hydrocarbon atom, a is 0, 1 or 2 and b is 2, 3 or 4, and (b) at least one member selected from the group consisting of a nitro compound; a phosphoryl chloride compound of the formula (1): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are an alkyl group; an aminosilane compound of the formula (2): ##STR2## wherein R.sup.5, R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 are an alkyl group or an alkoxyl group, R.sup.8 and R.sup.

Abstract: Novel styrene derivatives are disclosed of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same or different and each represents a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group or an aromatic hydrocarbon group, and R.sub.3 is --OH, Cl, or a group of the formula --OR.sub.4 or ##STR2## wherein R.sub.4 represents a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group or an aromatic hydrocarbon groups. The functionalized styrene monomers I as well as polymers and copolymers incorporating such monomer units are useful as initiators, or precursors thereof, for the polymerization of isobutylene under cationic conditions to give graft copolymers containing both styrenic and isobutylenic units. These copolymers have commercial applications such as rubbers, coatings, and luricants.

Abstract: Hydrocarbons and polymers thereof, of the structure (I)R--C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --CH.dbd.CH--CH.sub.2 --Cl (I)where R is a hydrocarbon radical, are prepared by reacting corresponding starting materials which contain chlorine bonded to tertiary carbon, of the structureR--C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 --Cl (II)with from 1 to 10 moles of butadiene in the presence of a Friedel-Crafts catalyst in a solvent which is inert to the catalyst, and the hydrocarbons or polymers thereof can be reacted in a further step of the process with a compound from the group comprising ammonia, primary or secondary amine or polyamine, amino alcohol, amino ether, hydrazine or hydrazine which is substituted up to three times.

Abstract: Novel styrene derivatives are disclosed of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same or different and each represents a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group or an aromatic hydrocarbon group, and R.sub.3 is --OH, Cl, or a group of the formula --OR.sub.4 or ##STR2## wherein R.sub.4 represents a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group or a n aromatic hydrocarbon group. The functionalized styrene monomers I as well as polymers and copolymers incorporating such monomer units are useful as initiators, or precursors thereof, for the polymerization of isobutylene under cationic conditions to give graft copolymers containing both styrenic and isobutylenic units. These copolymers have commercial applications such as rubbers, coatings, and lubricants.

Abstract: A crosslinked, unsaturated elastomeric polymer of a C.sub.4 to C.sub.7 isomonoolefin and a C.sub.4 to C.sub.14 conjugated multiolefin is produced by curing the corresponding uncrosslinked polymer having a low level of chemically bound halogen with a curing agent which reacts only with the halogen (e.g., zinc oxide) in combination with a bifunctional dienophile (e.g., a bismaleimide). The uncrosslinked elastomeric polymer is particularly suitable for use in the pharmaceutical industry, for example, for container closures. Shaped rubbery products comprising the crosslinked copolymer are also provided.

Abstract: Maleic anhydride is grafted onto unsaturated elastomeric terpolymers consisting of monomeric units coming from at least two different monomers having the formula R--CH.dbd.CH.sub.2 (R=hydrogen or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms) and from a conjugated or non-conjugated dienic monomer by mass reaction, which is carried out by heating at 120.degree.-350.degree. C. a mixture of said maleic anhydride with the terpolymer in the presence of a catalyst consisting of a compound having the formula:M.sub.n X.sub.zwherein:M=a metal of group VIII of the periodic system, and in particular Rh and Ru;X=a counterion,N=valence of the counterion; andZ=valence of the metal.

Abstract: There is disclosed an organic nonlinear optical material which comprises a polymer having the following constitutional units, in amounts of 5 to 100 mole % of (I), 0 to 50 mole % of (II) and 0 to 50 mole % of (III), and a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the polymer being 10,000 to 2,000,000: ##STR1## wherein m, n, X, Y and A have the meanings as defined in the specification, ##STR2## wherein R.sup.2 represents an alkyl group, and ##STR3## A nonlinear optical element which is tough with wide surface as well as having large nonlinear optical effect can be obtained.

Abstract: Described herein is an oily, transparent reaction product which is prepared by heat treating at 110.degree.-220.degree. C. a dicyclopentadiene and a vinyl aromatic compound. This reaction product can be polymerized by ring-opening in presence or absence of a norbornene monomer to produce a thermoset polymer. Freezing point of the reaction product is below 10.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for preparing a narrow molecular weight distribution syndiotactic block copolymer of an unsaturated carboxylic acid ester (e.g., acrylate of methacrylate) with an .alpha.-olefin (e.g., ethylene) by using, as an initiator, at least one organometallic compound of the group consisting of (a) trivalent organic Y compounds, and (b) trivalent organic lanthanide (La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Ga, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu) compounds, or a combination thereof with an organoaluminum compound.

Abstract: A process for the polymerization of selected acrylic and maleimide monomers by contacting the monomers with a diazotate, cyanate or hyponitrite, and N-chlorosuccinimide, N-bromosuccinimide or a diazonium salt. The polymers produced can themselves initiate further polymerization. Block copolymers can be produced.

Abstract: A method is provided for the direct synthesis of novel polymeric materials functionalized with desirable nitrogen-containing functional groups such as terminal azido, cyano, carbonylamino or thiocarbonylamino groups. Polymerization and functionalization occur in a substantially simultaneous manner. All necessary reactants for the functionalization are present when polymerization is initiated. The nitrogen-containing functional group is provided as a part of a molecule having a release moiety which is preferably resonance stabilized or a tertiary alkyl type and which acts to aid the nitrogen-containing species in functioning as a leaving group.

Abstract: A composition providing a two-part adhesive consists of an acrylate monomer and perester catalyst, comprising the polymerizable part, and a ferric ion-accelerated butyraldehyde/aniline activator comprising the other.

Abstract: Block copolymers compose a polyisobutylene rubbery soft segment of M.sub.n of about 5,000 to above 500,000 and glassy hard segments of M.sub.n of about 5,000 or higher and usually about 10,000 to 35,000 or more, are made by preparing a living polymer block of the polyisobutylene and then polymerizing on said living polyisobutylene block the glassy hard segments by adding thereto an electron donor having a donor number of 15 to 50 and then adding and polymerizing the monomers for the glassy hard segments. The monomers for the glassy hard segments are styrene and its derivatives and indene and its derivatives and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A polymerization process is provided for producing a terminally functional polymer which comprises introducing a monomer charge, a Lewis acid and an organic peroxy compound into a suitable reaction vessel and polymerizing the monomer charge at a temperature of from about 0.degree. to about -80.degree. C. to form the terminally functional polymer, wherein the monomer charge comprises isobutylene and the organic peroxy compound is charged in an amount of from about 10.sup.-4 to about 10.sup.-1 moles per mole of the isobutylene. In a preferred embodiment, the monomer charge additionally comprises vinylidene aromatic or diolefin monomers. In another preferred embodiment the monomer charge comprises the sequential addition of isobutylene and vinylidene aromatic or diolefin monomers. In a further preferred embodiment said reaction vessel is additionally charged with an electron door having an electron door number of from about 22 to about 50 the amount of said electron door being from about 10.sup.-4 to about 10.

Abstract: An ethylene propylene rubber mixture highly adhesive to zinc-plated metals and a heat resistant ethylene propylene rubber conveyor belt having load-carrying zinc-plated steel cords embedded therein are disclosed.The heat resistant conveyor belt composed of (a) an outer covering rubber layer and an inner covering rubber layer both of an ethylene propylene rubber and (b) an adhesive rubber layer having load-carrying zinc-plated steel cords embedded therein parallel to each other at a distance therebetween in the longitudinal direction of the belt, the adhesive rubber layer being disposed between the covering rubber layers and bonded integrally to the covering rubber layers, the adhesive rubber comprising: an ethylene propylene rubber, an organic peroxide, a cross-linking aid, a cobalt salt of organic carboxylic acids, and sulfur.

Abstract: Novel, linear alternating polymers of carbon monoxide and at least one ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon have a high degree of monomeric unit purity. The polymers, produced with a catalyst composition formed from preformed palladium trifluoroacetate and a bidentate phosphorous ligand, exhibit improved thermal stability and enhanced crystallinity and crystallizability.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the polymerisation of ethylene or copolymerisation of ethylene and at least one other alpha-olefin, in the gas phase in a fluidised bed reactor, in the presence of a catalyst comprising chromium compounds associated with a granular support comprising a refractory oxide and activated by thermal treatment, which process is characterised in that the catalyst is used in the form of active particles of prepolymer, obtained by bringing the said catalyst in contact with ethylene, alone, or in a mixture with at least one higher alpha-olefin, in such a way that the prepolymer contains from 4.times.10.sup.-5 to 3 milligram atoms of chromium in the catalyst per gram.

Abstract: A thermosetting resin of a norbornene monomer is prepared by bulk-polymerizing a norbornene monomer in a mold in the presence of a metathesis catalyst system and further in the presence of a dicyclopentadiene heat-polymerized resin in an amount of 15 to 150 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the monomer.

Abstract: Unsaturated hydrocarbon polymers are hydrogenated in the presence of a catalyst obtained by combining a Group VIII-A metal alkoxide or carboxylate and an alkyl or hydride of a metal selected from Groups I-A, II-A and III-B and then functionalized by contacting the hydrogenated polymer with a functionalizing agent before the hydrogenation catalyst is quenched or otherwise deactivated. The hydrogenation is, generally, accomplished at relatively mild conditions to avoid degradation of the polymer and, in the case of unsaturated copolymers comprising aromatic unsaturation, to avoid any significant hydrogenation of the aromatic unsaturation. Generally, the hydrogen partial pressure employed will be below about 1000 psig and the hydrogenation temperature will be below about 125.degree. C.

Abstract: A composition of matter which comprises an elastomer grafted at a level of from about 40 to about 60 weight percent with a polymer matrix comprising recurring units of at least one free radical polymerizable monomer and its method of preparation are disclosed.

Abstract: Effective organic fluid-insoluble organic fluid-swellable polymer particles are prepared from vinyl aromatic polymer particles. Alkyl halide alkylating agents are allowed to react with the vinyl aromatic polymer particles after they are swollen by an organic swelling medium. At least a portion of the organic swelling medium may optionally be removed. The particles may optionally be swollen with at least one additional monomer, which may then be polymerized.

Abstract: The polymerization of acetylene in the presence of polymers using certain nickel catalysts results in polyacetylene-containing polymer products which are readily processed while retaining their electrical properties.

Abstract: Alkoxy silane compounds such as vinyl-triethoxy-silane are more readily grafted to block copolymers in the presence of an amount of zinc oxide between about 0.15% and 1.5% by weight of the block copolymer. The silane modified block copolymer prepared with zinc oxide exhibits greater resistance to gel formation than silane-modified block copolymer prepared without the zinc oxide.

Abstract: A linear alternating polymer of carbon monoxide and at least one ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon exhibits improved thermal stability as evidenced by reduced weight loss at elevated temperatures and enhanced crystallinity and crystallizability when produced with a catalyst composition formed from preformed palladium trifluoroacetate and a bidentate phosphine ligand.

Abstract: A process for preparing a crosslinked polymer comprises reacting a polycyanoacetic functional monomer or polymer with a poly .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated ester in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a metallic catalyst. A crosslinked polymer produced by this process is also described.

Abstract: The polymerization of acetylene in the presence of polymers using certain nickel catalysts results in polyacetylene-containing polymer products which are readily processed while retaining their electrical properties.

Abstract: An ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder easily soluble in organic solvents and suitable for use in the preparation of fibers or films having a high strength and a high elastic modulus, said polyethylene powder having an intrinsic viscosity in the range of 5 to 30 dl/g in decalin at 135.degree. C. and being obtained by at least two-step polymerization reactions which are:a first step of polymerizing ethylene in the absence of hydrogen or at a reduced hydrogen concentration, using a catalyst containing a solid catalyst component and an organometallic compound, said solid catalyst component containing at least magnesium and titanium and/or vanadium, to produce 50-99.5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of a final polyethylene product, of polyethylene having an intrinsic viscosity of 12 to 32 dl/g in decalin at 135.degree. C.; anda second step of polymerizing ethylene at a higher hydrogen concentration that in said first step to produce 50-0.5 parts by weight of polyethylene.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of preparing allyl-terminated polyisobutylene (PIB) by allylation with allyltrimethylsilane of tertiary chloro-capped PIB by electrophilic substitution. The synthesis begins with the BCl.sub.3, catalyzed mono- or oligo-tertiary chloride "inifer" initiated polymerization of isobutylene, followed in the same reaction vessel by the addition of hexane, allyltrimethylsilane, and TiCl.sub.4.

Abstract: Disclosed are polypropylene compositions having high impact resistance at low temperatures, and improved whitening resistance. They comprise:(a) 60-90 parts by weight of polypropylene with an isotacticity index >90; and(b) 10-40 parts by weight of an ethylene/butene-1 polymeric mixture containing 50-95% by weight of polymerized ethylene, and consisting essentially of:20-95% by weight of a crystalline fraction (I) with crystallinity of the polyethylene type, that is insoluble in xylene at 23.degree. C.; and5-80% by weight of an ethylene/butene-1 amorphous copolymeric fraction (II), that is soluble in xylene at 23.degree. C., and contains 40-70% by weight of ethylene;and in which the weight ratio between total polymerized ethylene and the amorphous fraction (II) is 0.6-8.

Abstract: This invention relates to vinyl monomer compositions exhibiting accelerated surface cure characteristics. These compositions are prepared from a vinyl monomer or monomer mixtures such as a blend of dicyclopentenyloxyethyl methacrylate and hydroxypropyl methacrylate, a bulk phase polymerization catalyst system, a polyvalent metal oxidative surface phase catalyst, and a diolefin rubber dispersed in the vinyl monomer as a surface cure accelerator. These compositions are useful as binders for polymer concrete and as impregnants for porous surfaces. The accelerated surface cure is particularly advantageous with monomer mixtures containing low volatility vinyl monomers.

Abstract: A method of producing a molded rubber product for use in the pharmaceutical industry comprising the steps of mixing a rubber formulation including a halogenated butyl rubber and a curing system of from 0.5 to 2.0 parts by weight of zinc oxide and from 0.5 to 1.5 parts by weight of m-PBM. The parts are based upon the weight of the formulation. A sheet is formed from the mixture by feeding the mixture through a calender means. The calender sheet is molded into a molded rubber product at a pressure of at least 500 psi and at a temperature of up to 375.degree. F. for up to 5 minutes. The formed product is then removed.

Abstract: A diene polymer composition having improved fracture properties and a small change in the shape of extruded product is disclosed, which comprises at least 5% by weight of a copolymer composed of at least one conjugated diene (component A) having the following general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and 2,3-dimethylbutadiene (component B), said copolymer having a content of cis-1,4-bond of not less than 80%.

Abstract: This invention describes the preparation of reactive engineering thermoplastics containing arylcyclobutene groups pendant to an aromatic ring. The polymers are prepared by alkylation or acylation of an engineering thermoplastic which contains one or more aromatic groups capable of being alkylated or acylated with a suitable arylcyclobutene alkylating or acylating agent. The prepared reactive engineering thermoplastics containing pendant arylcyclobutene groups may be cross-linked and cured by heating above about 200.degree. C.

Abstract: Water-curable compositions, based on thermoplastic polymers having pendant thereto hydrolyzable silane moieties and metal carboxylate silanol condensation catalysts, which can be water cured in a relatively short period of time to crosslinked products characterized by an excellent balance of commercially acceptable properties. The compositions of this invention are particularly useful as extrudates about wires and cables.

Abstract: A one-component adhesive for metal surfaces such as iron, zinc, copper, cadmium and their alloys will cure upon contact with the metal surface. The adhesive composition includes olefinically unsaturated monomer; reactive or non-reactive polymer; an acidic material; a compound containing sulfonyl halide group; and a compound containing a transition metal. The adhesive composition cures rapdily upon contact with a metal surface to form an adhesive bond between the surfaces. The adhesive composition is especially useful as a thread-lock adhesive, and as an adhesive for bonding structural components.

Abstract: Compositions suitable as binders for high solids, ambient cure coatings, and coating compositions which have high humidity resistance and good weatherability are disclosed herein.

Abstract: The production of impact-resistant polystyrene with EPDM simplifies the process and produces improved products if a modified ethylene/propylene rubber consisting of styrene/butadiene- or diene polymers, ethylene, optionally propylene and an unconjugated diene are used as the elastifying component.The modified EPDM rubbers consisting of (a) from 20 to 90% by weight of ethylene units, (b) from 1 to 25% by weight of units of a butadiene/styrene copolymer containing a quantity of from 10 to 90% by weight of styrene, (c) from 0 to 10% by weight of units of an unconjugated diolefin and (d) C.sub.3 -C.sub.18 .alpha.-monolefin units to make up the difference to 100% by weight, are a further subject of this invention.

Abstract: A chemical process is provided for forming an electrically conductive polymer blend in which polypyrrole is a minor component. The polypyrrole is formed from a pyrrole monomer, optionally substituted at the 3- and 4-positions. The process comprises forming a solution of a matrix polymer in an anhydrous liquid reaction medium, and, in situ, contacting pyrrole monomer with a polymerization initiator selected from the group consisting of anhydrous halides of iron, cobalt or nickel (Group VIII metal) at a temperature in the range from about -20.degree. C. to below about the boiling point of the solution, so as to form the polypyrrole in situ. The polypyrrole so formed contains a Group VIII metal halide counterion dispersed within the matrix polymer so as to produce a conductive polyblend having a conductivity in the range from about 1 to about 150 ohm.sup.-1 cm.sup.-1 ("S/cm" for brevity), or a semiconductor having a conductivity in the range from about 10.sup.

Abstract: Electrically conductive polymer blends of an acetylene polymer, such as poly(acetylene), and a triblock thermoplastic elastomer, such as styrene-butadiene-styrene, are disclosed. In addition, a method for preparing such blends wherein the acetylene polymer is preferentially formed in the central elastomeric block of the triblock copolymer is disclosed. These blends exhibit high conductivity and elasticity upon doping with electron donors or electron acceptors.

Abstract: Macromonomers of polymer-dicyclopentadiene and polymer-ethylidenenorbornene are prepared and then terpolymerized with ethylene and propylene. The terpolymer exhibits compatibilization of ethylene-propylene rubber and butyl rubber, and thus is useful as a sealant, roofing material, caulking agent, and the like.

Abstract: A diene polymer produced by polymerizing a conjugated diene monomer in a solvent solution of an active lithium-terminated polymer in the presence of a catalyst consisting of (A) a cobalt compound and (B) carbon disulfide and/or phenylisothiocyanic acid. The diene polymer comprises a 1,2-polybutadiene portion having a high percentage of vinyl conformation. The diene polymer has substantially no mercaptan compound.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polybutadiene containing resin system which is curable at room temperature by the addition of copper ethylacetoacetate. The resin system consists of about 5 to about 25% polybutadiene, about 55 to about 90% dicyclopentadiene acrylate, about 5 to about 20% of a monomer having 2 to 4 unsaturated groups selected from vinylic, acrylic, and mixtures thereof, about 0.25 to about 3% free radical initiator, and about 0.1 to about 0.8% of a coaccelerator. Also disclosed is a method of curing a resin system and various products made therewith.

Abstract: A process for producing ethylene-propylene block copolymer by the use of a catalyst employed for producing isotactic polypropylene is provided. This process is characterized in that a gas phase polymerization of propylene is substantially carried out in the presence of the catalyst obtained by combining a titanium trichloride composition with an average particle size of 10.about.100 .mu. and an organic aluminum to form the propylene polymer segment with a specific surface area more than 0.015 m.sup.2 /g at a yield of more than 3,000 g per 1 g of the titanium trichloride composition in the first step, and then a gas phase polymerization of a mixture of polypropylene and ethylene is successively carried out in the second step to form the copolymer segment with a copolymerization ratio of propylene:ethylene being 5.about.80 weight %:95.about.20 weight %, wherein the polymerized amount of the second step is 10-40% of total polymerized amount and wherein normal hexane extraction ratio (75.degree. C.

Abstract: A class of new oxygen-activated free-radical polymerization catalysts, comprising specifically-defined autoxidizable cyclic hydrocarbons together with cobalt(II) compounds, is disclosed. A method of catalyzing an oxygen-initiated free-radical polymerization reaction using these catalysts is also disclosed.

Abstract: 1.

Abstract: Crosslinkable polymers and co-polymers are treated with organo-metallic compounds, inorganic metallic salts, or lanthanides prior to crosslinking with free radical organic peroxide initiators in the presence of oxygen. This pre-treatment eliminates tackiness of the surface of the crosslinked polymer making the crosslinked polymer more commercially acceptable.

Abstract: A process for modifying the surface characteristics of a pre-formed polymeric substrate to impart hydrophilicity, hydrophobicity, or other desired properties thereto, by peroxidizing the surface of the substrate and then allowing the active sites along the polymer chains to generate free radicals which induce graft polymerization of a suitable ethylenic monomer (or other ethylenically-unsaturated compound) onto the surface of the substrate is described. Such graft copolymerization is undertaken in the presence of variable valence metal ions in a reduced state under acidic conditions and at selected reaction times and relatively low temperatures, and in the presence of squarate ions (diketocyclobutenediol) to control the physical characteristics of the surface graft and to restore the metal ions to their lower valence state without at the same time producing deleterious by-products.

Abstract: In a process for the production of a chemically blended composition of non-elastomeric ethylene resins in a multiplicity of steps in the presence of a catalyst composed of a transition metal catalyst component and an organometallic compound, which comprises (a) a step of forming (i) an ethylene polymer or an ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymer having an alpha-olefin content of up to 15% by weight, said polymer or copolymer (i) having an intrinsic viscosity [.eta.] of 0.3 to 3, and (b) a step of forming (ii) an ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymer having an alpha-olefin content of 0.2 to 30% by weight which is more than that of the polymer or copolymer (i), said copolymer (ii) having an intrinsic viscosity [.eta.] of 1 to 12 which is at least 1.

Abstract: A modified polypropylene having improved impact resistance is obtained by producing, in the presence of a stereoregular polymerization catalyst and in three steps, two types of polypropylene blocks formed stepwise at different temperatures and then poly(ethylene or ethylene/propylene) block, the polymerization temperatures employed and the quantities of polymers produced in each step being in specific ranges.

Abstract: A water-curable silane modified alkylene alkylacrylate copolymer and a method for its production, which method comprises reacting alkylene alkylacrylate copolymer with a particular silane in the presence of an organo titanate catalyst.