Abstract: A golf ball comprising a core, a cover, and optionally an intermediate layer between the core and the cover, wherein a stable free radical is incorporated into at least one portion of the core, the cover, and the optional intermediate layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for coupling styrenic block copolymers comprising admixing vinyl cyclohexene dioxide with a living block copolymer comprising at least one block of polymerized vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon monomers and at least one block of polymerized conjugated diene monomers, at a molar ratio of from 0.40 to 0.60 and carrying out a coupling reaction at a temperature of at least 65° C. to produce a coupled styrenic block copolymer. Also disclosed is a polymer composition comprising at most 30% by weight of a styrenic block copolymer comprising at least one block A of polymerized vinyl aromatic monomer(s) and at least one block B of polymerized conjugated diene(s) and at least 70% by weight of the styrenic block copolymer coupled with vinyl cyclohexene dioxide.

Abstract: The present invention provides a block copolymer of styrene and an unsaturated cyclic anhydride, such as maleic anhydride, a process for making a copolymer using controlled free radical polymerization in which certain parameters are adjusted to control the microstructure and molecular weight of the copolymer, and a method for using the block copolymer, including as a compatibilizer. Microstructure and molecular weight in the block copolymer can be controlled by adjusting the ratio of stable free radical to initiator. The copolymer can be made in a one step process and has a controlled microstructure that allows one block to be reactive toward several chemical moieties available in engineering polymers and the other block to be fully miscible with polystyrene or polymers miscible with polystyrene or polymers miscible with polystyrene such as polyphenylene ether.

Abstract: An anisotropically electroconductive film, which has a high reliability in its capacity for conducting electricity and also a good adhesion under such an adhesive condition that the film is heated at a temperature of 130° C. or less for a short period of time, has a layer of an adhesive within which electroconductive particles are distributed. The adhesive is composed of a thermosetting resin composition including a base resin, a reactive compound, an organic peroxide and a reaction accelerating compound, and also the electroconductive particles incorporated into the thermosetting resin composition. The base resin is a polyacetalized resin which is obtained by acetalizing a polyvinyl alcohol. The reactive compound is at least one selected from a group consisting of acryloxy group-bearing compounds, methacryloxy group-bearing compounds and epoxy group-bearing compounds. The reaction accelerating compound is a compound which has a radically reactive group and alkali-reactive group as its end groups.

Abstract: Infra-red absorbing polymers useful in imageable products and the lithographic printing field comprise infra-red absorbing groups carried as pendent groups on a polymer backbone. Certain infra-red absorbing groups may also act to insolublize the polymer in a developer, until it is imagewise exposed to infra-red radiation. The resulting heat renders the polymer soluble in the developer. Imageable products employing the infra-red absorbing polymers may include positive working lithographic printing plates.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the free radical polymerization of one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers, said process comprising polymerizing one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers in the presence of one or more N-oxyl radicals of formula II, wherein X is S, NR5, O, SO or SO2, R5 is C1-C20-alkyl or C5-C8-cycloalkyl and R3 and R4 independently of one another, are C1-C4-alkyl, phenyl, naphthyl or an aromatic five-membered ring, or R3 and R4 together are —(CH2)o— and p and o, independently of one another, are an integer from 2 to 7.

Abstract: Infra-red absorbing polymers useful in imageable products and the lithographic printing field comprise infra-red absorbing groups carried as pendent groups on a polymer backbone. Certain infra-red absorbing groups may also act to insolublize the polymer in a developer, until it is imagewise exposed to infra-red radiation. The resulting heat renders the polymer soluble in the developer. Imageable products employing the infra-red absorbing polymers may include positive working lithographic printing plates.

Abstract: A highly uniform vinyl compound polymer-cross-copolymerized olefin/styrene/diene copolymer excellent in processability, mechanical properties, high temperature properties, compatibility and transparency, and its composition and a process for its production, are provided. This copolymer is a crossed polymer obtained by cross-copolymerizing an olefin/styrene/diene copolymer having a styrene content of from 0.03 mol % to 96 mol %, a diene content of from 0.0001 mol % to 3 mol % and the rest being an olefin, with an olefin/aromatic vinyl compound copolymer.

Abstract: The present invention firstly provides a novel olefin/styrene/diene type cross-copolymer having excellent physical properties and mechanical properties, and a novel, efficient and economically excellent process for its production. Further, it provides an efficient and economically excellent process for producing various cross-copolymers such as an olefin/diene type cross-copolymer. The present invention secondly provides various resin compositions or processed products containing cross-copolymers, having problems of various conventional resin compositions or processed products solved and improved, as applications of cross-copolymers of the present invention.

Abstract: A bioconjugate comprising a fluorescer (P) linked to a quencher (Q) by a tether (T) is provided. The tether (T) includes a segment that can recognize and interact with a target biomolecule. In the absence of a specific interaction of the bioconjugate with an enzyme or other target biomolecule recognizing the bioconjugate, the fluorescence of the polymer (P) is attenuated or modified by the relatively close proximity thereto of the quencher (Q). As a consequence of the association of the bioconjugate with the target biomolecule, a reaction can occur which results in a cleavage of the bioconjugate tether and a release of the fluorescent polymer and/or quencher. This sequence of events can be followed by an enhancement or amplification of the polymer fluorescence.

Abstract: A process for preparing a block copolymer. In one embodiment, the block copolymers comprise (A) a poly (vinyl aromatic) block and (B) a poly (vinyl aromatic-co-acrylic) block, said process comprising the steps, (a) polymerizing at an elevated temperature from about 5 to about 95 mole % of a charge comprising at least one vinyl aromatic monomer to prepare a stabilized active polymer block (A), using a free radical polymerization process, wherein a stable free radical agent is employed during the polymerization, thereby preserving the stabilized active polymerization site at the terminus of the poly (vinyl aromatic) block (A); (b) adding at least one acrylic monomer and optionally, additional vinyl aromatic monomer, to the mixture of vinyl aromatic monomer and stabilized active polymer block of (a); and (c) further reacting the mixture of (b) using a free radical process to effect copolymerization of said monomers, thereby preparing a (vinyl aromatic-co-acrylate) block (B).

Abstract: Infra-red absorbing polymers useful in imageable products and the lithographic printing field comprise infra-red absorbing groups carried as pendent groups on a polymer backbone. Certain infra-red absorbing groups may also act to insolublize the polymer in a developer, until it is imagewise exposed to infra-red radiation. The resulting heat renders the polymer soluble in the developer. Imagable products employing the infra-red absorbing polymers may include positive working lithographic printing plates.

Abstract: A highly uniform vinyl compound polymer-cross-copolymerized olefin/styrene/diene copolymer excellent in processability, mechanical properties, high temperature properties, compatibility and transparency, and its composition and a process for its production, are provided. This copolymer is a crossed polymer obtained by cross-copolymerizing an olefin/styrene/diene copolymer having a styrene content of from 0.03 mol % to 96 mol %, a diene content of from 0.0001 mol % to 3 mol % and the rest being an olefin, with an olefin/aromatic vinyl compound copolymer.

Abstract: A multi-component composite coating composition comprising a base coat deposited from a pigmented film-forming composition and a transparent top coat applied over the base coat in which the base coat is a thermosetting composition comprising a co-reactable solid, particulate mixture of (i) an epoxy functional polymer containing at least one of the polymer chain structures -[(M)p-(G)q]x- or -[(G)q-(M)p]x- wherein M is an oxirane-free residue of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer, G is a glycidyl-functional ethylenically unsaturated monomer, p and q each independently has a value of 0 to typically less than 100, and x has a value of at least 1 to typically less than 100, the total value of p, q and x selected such that said epoxy functional polymer has a number average molecular weight of at least 250, and (ii) a co-reactant having functional groups reactive with the epoxy groups of (i).

Abstract: The present invention relates to star-block interpolymers having the following structure (X-Y)n-C, wherein X represents a random copolymer block derived from conjugated diene and monovinyl aromatic monomer; Y represents a polyconjugated diene block; C represents a residue derived from a multifunctional lithium based initiator; and n represents the functionality of the initiator and has a value of not less than 3; and preparation of the same. The star-block interpolymers according to the present invention have in the same molecule both a random copolymer block derived from conjugated diene and monovinyl aromatic monomer and a rubber block selected from the group consisting of a homopolymer block derived from conjugated diene, a tapered copolymer block derived from conjugated dienes, a random copolymer block derived from conjugated dienes and combinations thereof, and hence possess excellent properties of the both kinds of rubbers, and can be used widely as elastomeric materials.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire having the apex area around the carcass ply turnup comprised of a rubber having 2.2 to 25 phr of the reaction product of a partially polymerized cashew nutshell oil resin and a methylene donor.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for manufacturing coupled radial block copolymers of the S—B—Li type having improved optical properties, which process utilizes coupling agents having from about 3 to about 7 epoxy groups per mole.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel templates useful for generating novel compounds and to compounds produced utilizing the templates. The templates comprise quaternary amino acids that may be linked to solid supports. These templates make possible the production of novel classes of chemical compounds through a plurality of chemical reactions. The templates are advantageous for use in drug discovery regimes.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a polymer film having second order non-linear optical properties which has excellent stability of orientated molecules and does not become disorientated, and a polymer film and a non-linear optical element are provided. A polymer solution is placed between two substrates, which are disposed substantially perpendicular with respect to a rotating stand and substantially symmetrical with respect to a rotation axis of the rotating stand, and the rotating stand is rotated. A polymer film having second order non-linear optical properties is formed by the centrifugal force generated at the polymer solution.

Abstract: A process for preparing polymers which comprises conducting polymerization in the presence of free radicals of the formula I where Q is NR2 or S and T is CR3R4 or S and R1, R2, R3 and R4 can be identical or different and independently are hydrogen, C1- to C20-alkyl or C6- to C18-aryl.

Abstract: There is described the use of monomeric and polymeric N-pyrrolidinone-containing compounds as compatibilizers for plastic compositions, a process for improving the compatibility of plastic compositions, the improved plastic compositions obtainable thereby as well as novel polymeric N-pyrrolidinone-containing compounds.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a thermoplastic resin, or thermoplastic resins comprising: forming, or providing a miniemulsion comprised of a mixture of an oligomeric compound of the formula R—SFR, wherein R is an oligomeric compound comprised of from about 1 to about 30 monomer units and optionally a covalently bonded free radical initiator compound, —SFR is a covalently bound stable free radical end group, and at least one free radical polymerizable monomer compound, and a surfactant; and heating the miniemulsion wherein there results a latex thermoplastic resin or a latex of thermoplastic resins with a high monomer to polymer conversion of about 85 to about 100 percent and a narrow polydispersity of from about 1.1 to about 2.0.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition comprising cyclic ketone peroxide and a phlegmatizer having a 95% boil-off point falling in the range of 220-265° C., most preferably 235-250° C. A preferred peroxide is cyclic methyl ethyl ketone peroxide. Preferably, a single phlegmatizer is used. Preferred phlegmatizers are Isopar® M and Soltrol® 170. The invention also pertains to the use of compositions according to this invention in (co)polymerization and polymer modification processes.

Abstract: Naphthyl crown ether ligand molecules containing at least two naphthyl groups that are covalently bonded to suitable solid supports and coated by hydrophobic organic solvents are disclosed. These compositions and associated methods are characterized by selectivity of desired amine or amino acid enantiomers over their counter-enantiomers and derivatives. The composition preferably has an &agr;-value greater than or equal to 4. This allows for the separation of such enantiomers with nonchromatographic resin bed separations of three separation stages or less.

Abstract: The present invention provides formulae for fluorescent compounds that have a number of properties which make them uniquely suited for use in sensors of analytes such as saccharides. The advantageous fluorescent properties include favorable excitation wavelengths, emission wavelengths, fluorescence lifetimes, and photostability. Additional advantageous properties include enhanced aqueous solubility, as well as temperature and pH sensitivity. The compound comprises an aryl or a substituted phenyl botonic acid that acts as a substrate recognition component, a fluorescence switch component, and a fluorophore. Fluorescent compounds are described that are excited at wavelengths greater than 400 nm and emit at wavelengths greater than 450 nm, which is advantageous for optical transmission through skin. The fluorophore is typically selected from transition metal-ligand complexes and thiazine, oxazine, oxazone, or oxazine-one as well as anthracene compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a grafted copolymer bearing grafts of formula (I): —O—PM1—(PM2)—T  (I) in which: PM1 represents a polymer block obtained by (co)polymerization of at least one monomer M1 via a radical route; and PM2, which is optionally present, represents a polymer block obtained by (co)polymerization of at least one monomer M2 via a radical route; and T represents the residue of a stable radical T•.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the invention provides a polymer comprising imidazole ring units having nitrogen at the 1 and 3 positions of the ring; a carbon at each of the 2, 4 and 5 positions of the ring; and radical substituents G1 and G2 carried at the 4 and 5 positions. G1 and G2 are each independently selected from cyano, substituents derived from cyano, and substituents which replace cyano. The polymers formed by at least two of the cyclic imidazole units. In another embodiment, the invention provides new imidazole compounds usable as monomers to form the polymers. In still another embodiment, the invention provides a method for using the polymers as a coupling/activator for synthon synthesis.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods of preparing polymeric conjugates of biologically active agents of the formula: 1

Abstract: A thermosetting composition useful as a powder coating comprises a co-reactable solid, particulate mixture of (a) an epoxy functional polymer containing at least one of the polymer chain structures -[(M)p-(G)q]x- or -[(G)q-(M)p]x- wherein M is an oxirane-free residue of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer, G is a glycidyl-functional ethylenically unsaturated monomer, p and q each independently has a value of 0 to typically less than 100, and x has a value of at least 1 to typically less than 100, the total value of p, q and x selected such that said epoxy functional polymer has a number average molecular weight of at least 250, and (b) a co-reactant having functional groups reactive with the epoxy groups of (a), e.g., dodecanedioic acid. The epoxy functional polymer is prepared by atom transfer radical polymerization and a polydispersity index of less than 2.5.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing a composition comprising a vinylaromatic polymer matrix and particles of rubber, which comprises a step of polymerizing at least one vinylaromatic monomer in the presence of a rubber comprising a group which generates a stable free radical. The process makes it possible to obtain morphologies other than salami morphologies, such as the labyrinth, onion or capsule morphology, with the aim, for example, of enhancing the gloss of the high-impact vinylaromatic polymer.

Abstract: A block copolymer obtainable by reacting A) monomers selected from the group consisting of styrene, &agr;-methylstyrene, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, methyl methacrylate and maleic anhydride to form blocks A having a glass transition temperature Tg of more than 0° C. and B) monomers selected from the group consisting of n-butyl acrylate, methyl acrylate and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate to form blocks B having a glass transition temperature Tg of less than 0° C. at from 100 to 160° C. in the presence of free-radical initiators and N-oxyl radicals.

Abstract: The present invention provides a ring-opened polymer, which is prepared by reacting at least one pericyclic olefin elected from those represented by formulae (I) and (II) through ring-opening metathesis polymerization wherein A and B may be the same or different and are independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, hydrogen, C3-20 cyclic or pericyclic alkyl, C1-20 linear and branched alkyl, C6-20 aryl, C7-20 arylalkyl, C7-20 alkylaryl, silyl, alkylsilyl, germyl, alkylgermyl, alkoxycarbonyl, acyl, and a heterocylic group; or, A and B are linked together to form a C3-20 saturated or unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbon group or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group; C is selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur,  —CH2—, and —SiH2—, wherein each R1 is independently selected from C1-20 alkyl and phenyl; each R is independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, and C1-20 alkyl; and each n is an integer from 1 to 6

Abstract: A resin composition for powder coating, which comprises the following components (A), (B) and (C): (A) a carboxyl group-containing resin having a number average molecular weight of from 1,000 to 20,000, an acid value of from 5 to 200 and a glass transition temperature of from 30 to 120.degree. C.; (B) tris(.beta.-methylglycidyl) isocyanurate of formula (1); and (C) as a ring opening polymerization inhibitor, at least one compound selected from the group consisting of amines having in their molecules a bond of formula (2); and onium salts.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process of atom (or group) transfer radical polymerization for the synthesis of novel homopolymer or a block or graft copolymer, optionally containing at least one polar group, with well defined molecular architecture and narrow polydispersity index, in the presence of an initiating system comprising (i) an initiator having a radically transferrable atom or group, (ii) a transition metal compound, and (iii) a ligand; the present invention is also directed to the synthesis of a macromolecule having at least two halogen groups which can be used as a macroinitiator component (i) to subsequently form a block or graft copolymer by an atom or group transfer radical polymerization process; the present invention is also directed to a process of atom or group transfer radical polymerization for the synthesis of a branched or hyperbranched polymer; in addition, the present invention is directed to a process of atom or group transfer radical polymerization for the synthesis of a ma

Abstract: A process for preparing multi-stage emulsion polymers is provided. The process is capable of producing multi-stage emulsion polymers having low dry-bulk density. These polymers are useful in coating compositions such as paints and paper coatings.

Abstract: Multifunctional viscosity index improvers for lubricating oils based on a hydrocarbon polymer holding pendant functional groups containing phenothiazine, and pendant functional groups containing aromatic amine antioxidant.

Abstract: A process for the modification of (co) polymers employing an organic peroxide comprising the step of contacting a (co) polymer with organic peroxide under conditions whereby at least some of the said organic peroxide is decomposed, is disclosed. The process is characterized in that at least 20% of the total active oxygen content of said organic peroxide is attributable to one or more cyclic ketone peroxides. In a second aspect, the invention relates to the use of an organic peroxide composition wherein at least 20% of the total active oxygen content is contributed by one or more cyclic ketone peroxide(s) modify (co) polymers. It has been found that these cyclic ketone peroxides are extremely efficient in (co) polymer modification processes.

Abstract: Polymeric coupling agents incorporate within their structures co-vulcanizable groups such as alkenyl, epoxide, acrylate and/or acrylamide, and metal-complexing groups such as carboxylic, oxime, amine, hydroxamic and/or iminodiacetic groups. The polymeric coupling agents are useful in the adhesion of certain substrates and are particularly useful as adhesives for the adhesion of rubbers with metals. Snytheses of the novel polymeric coupling agents are provided.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of branched thermoplastic resins comprising: heating a mixture of an unsaturated resin, a free radical initiator, and a stable free radical agent; adding to the heated mixture at least on polymerizable monomer; and cooling the mixture, wherein the resulting product is a branched thermoplastic resin with arms or branches comprised of polymerized monomer with substantially uniform length and narrow polydispersity.

Abstract: A graft copolymer is disclosed. The copolymer is prepared by the interpolymerization of a mixture of monomers comprising ethylene, a C.sub.3 to C.sub.12 alpha monoolefin, and a polyene being a member selected from the group consisting of non-conjugated dienes and trienes. Grafted to the copolymer is a 2-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole moiety. Lubricating oil additives and lubricating oils comprising the graft copolymer are also disclosed.

Abstract: Polymer particles which are substantially spherical and have protrusions on the surface thereof, with such a particle size distribution that the volume mean diameter dv thereof is 1.ltoreq.dv.ltoreq.15 (.mu.m), and the ratio of the volume mean diameter dv to the number mean diameter dn thereof, that is, dv/dn, is 1.ltoreq.dv/dn.ltoreq.1.2, are prepared, and used as a component for a toner for use in electrophotography.

Abstract: A resin composition curable through a Michael reaction between (a) a component having a plurality of .alpha., .beta.-unsaturated carbonyl groups and (b) a component having a plurality of activated methylene, activated methyne or hydroxyl groups is disclosed. The curing reaction is catalyzed with a quaternary ammonium, quaternary phosphonium or tertiary sulfonium salt in the presence of an epoxy compound independently added to the composition or covalently attacted to either component (a) or component (b).

Abstract: Biologically active initiators (radical chain starters) have been discovered that have the general structure of formula (I)A--L--B--[--L--A].sub.y (I),whereinA signifies a biologically active part,B a radical-forming part,L a linker grouping andy the number 0 or 1, preferably 1.Possible as the biologically active part A are for example biotin, digitoxin, digoxin, digitoxigenin, digoxigenin and oligonucleotides of 1 to 80, preferably 15 to 50 and in particular 20 to 35 nucleotide structural units.

Abstract: A curable elastomer composition comprising an elastomer, an unsaturated carboxylic metal salt such as zinc diacrylate, an organic peroxide curing agent such as a ditertiary alkyl peroxide, and phenothiazine as a precure inhibitor. Suitable elastomers include nitrile rubber, EPDM, and EVA. The nitrile rubber is desirably hydrogenated. A method for curing the curable elastomer composition and the resulting cured elastomer compositions are encompassed.

Abstract: A free radical polymerization process for the preparation of a thermoplastic resin or resins includes heating a mixture of a multifunctional nitroxide compound and at least one polymerizable monomer compound to form a thermoplastic resin or resins; cooling the mixture; and optionally isolating and washing and drying the thermoplastic resin. A multifunctional nitroxide compound for use in the reaction is formed from a stable free radical agent and a compound having one or more halide functional groups. The free radical polymerization process may be used to prepare telechelic, branched and star polymers.

Abstract: A coating composition for a clearcoat in a multilayer coating system for metallic substrates is described, comprising:A) a resin with epoxy and hydroxy functionality;B) a resin with anhydride functionality;C) an aminoplast resin; andD) additives selected from the group consisting of solvents, catalysts, flow agents, hindered amine light stabilizers, ultraviolet absorbers.

Abstract: Particulates of a superabsorbent partially, neutralized acrylic polymer, e.g., polyacrylic acid, having a mean particle size ranging from 100 to 500 .mu.m, essentially monodisperse and essentially devoid of fines having a particle size of less than 100 .mu.m, having a nonuniformly surfaced spheroidal particle morphology and well suited for a variety of hygienic applications, are prepared by (i) polymerizing a suspension of an acrylic monomer charge I in an organic medium and producing a suspension of acrylic polymer gel particles, such acrylic monomer charge I having a degree of neutralization greater than that desired in the final superabsorbent polymer, (ii) next absorbing a second acrylic monomer charge II into the gel particles, such acrylic monomer charge II having a degree of neutralization less than that desired in the final superabsorbent polymer, and (iii) polymerizing in the gel particles the second acrylic monomer charge II.

Abstract: Disclosed is a free radical polymerization process for the preparation of a thermoplastic resin or resins comprising heating a mixture of a free radical initiator, a stable free radical agent, and at least one polymerizable monomer compound to form a thermoplastic resin or resins with a high monomer to polymer conversion; cooling said mixture; optionally isolating the thermoplastic resin or resins; and optionally washing and drying thermoplastic resin or resins.Related free radical processes are also disclosed for the preparation of mixtures and block copolymer thermoplastic resins. Resins prepared by the disclosed processes possesses a narrow polydispersity and a modality that is controlled by the selection of a free radical initiator and stable free radical agent addition step or steps.

Abstract: Particulates of a superabsorbent partially, neutralized acrylic polymer, e.g., polyacrylic acid, having a mean particle size ranging from 100 to 500 .mu.m, essentially monodisperse and essentially devoid of fines having a particle size of less than 100 .mu.m, having a nonuniformly surfaced spheroidal particle morphology and well suited for a variety of hygienic applications, are prepared by (i) polymerizing a suspension of an acrylic monomer charge I in an organic medium and producing a suspension of acrylic polymer gel particles, such acrylic monomer charge I having a degree of neutralization greater than that desired in the final superabsorbent polymer, (ii) next absorbing a second acrylic monomer charge II into the gel particles, such acrylic monomer charge II having a degree of neutralization less than that desired in the final superabsorbent polymer, and (iii) polymerizing in the gel particles the second acrylic monomer charge II.

Abstract: A graft copolymer is disclosed. The copolymer is prepared by the interpolymerization of a mixture of monomers comprising ethylene, a C3 to C12 alpha monoolefin, and a polyene being a member selected from the group consisting of non-conjugated dienes and trienes. Grafted to the copolymer is a 2-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole moiety. Lubricating oil additives and lubricating oils comprising the graft copolymer are also disclosed.