Aromatic Or Cycloaliphatic Peroxy Compound Patents (Class 525/265)
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Patent number: 5545460Abstract: Methods and apparatus are set forth for preparing and delivering bone cement from a powdered polymer component and a liquid monomer component by simultaneously injecting the powdered and liquid components, stored in separate component chambers, into an evacuated mixing chamber under the effect of the vacuum; by uniformly mixing the components in the mixing chamber (to thoroughly wet the powder); and by delivering the cement formed by the polymerization process, as needed in an operative setting, utilizing a single ready to use device. The uniform mix is achieved by simultaneously subjecting the contents of the component chambers to the effects of the mixing chamber's vacuum via separate one way nozzles, interconnecting the component chambers to the mixing chamber, which cause the powder to be broadcast and liquid to be sprayed into the mixing chamber.Type: GrantFiled: June 7, 1995Date of Patent: August 13, 1996Assignee: HowMedica, Inc.Inventors: Kazuna Tanaka, Jeffrey Kapec
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Patent number: 5541247Abstract: An optical resin, of which the refractive index continuously changes in a specific direction, is produced by filling a polymerization container with a mixed solution containing at least one type of polymerizable monomer or polymerizable monomer sol and at least one type of substance whose solubility parameter differs by 7 (cal/cm.sup.3).sup. 1/2 or less and refractive index by 0.001 or more from those of a polymer produced by polymerization of the monomer, and by subjecting the mixture to polymerization reaction by applying heat or energy rays to the container from outside so that the polymerization reaction starts and progresses preferentially from a particular region of the mixture, thus forming a concentration gradient of the substance having different refractive index.The polymerization container may be made of a polymer which swells and dissolves into the mixed solution from an inner wall thereof.Type: GrantFiled: June 17, 1993Date of Patent: July 30, 1996Inventor: Yasuhiro Koike
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Patent number: 5468811Abstract: Hydrophilic composite polymer articles are provided which comprise at least one hydrophilic polymer in a powder form and one or more liquid components of which at least one is hydrophilic and which can be polymerized with said hydrophilic polymer. This composition is produced from a homogeneously mixed paste which can be molded or cast into a desired shape which will subsequently set. The resulting article has a shape-retaining, non-tacky flexible consistency which allows the shape to be further modified, if necessary.Such object can be then cured by any of the conventional curing methods to retain its shape permanently. The final properties of the composite can be tailored to suit the final application by using fillers or modifiers. In the medical field, such articles can be utilized as a sustained release devices as they can be loaded with the desired therapeutic drugs. These articles can be made non-toxic and biocompatible and used as prosthetic devices.Type: GrantFiled: August 24, 1994Date of Patent: November 21, 1995Assignee: National Patent Development CorporationInventors: Daniel G. Moro, Samuel H. Ronel, Petr Kuzma
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Patent number: 5466749Abstract: Graft copolymers comprising a poly-alpha-olefin base polymer selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, and compatible mixtures thereof, having grafted thereto an olefinic monomer. The grafted monomer is present in an amount effective to increase the amount of protein that will bind to the graft copolymer as compared with the base polymer.Also disclosed are polymer/protein compositions comprising a graft copolymer having a protein immobilized on the surface thereof, processes for the preparation of the above-described graft copolymers and compositions, methods of immobilizing proteins, and methods of immunoassay based on such immobilization.Type: GrantFiled: September 14, 1994Date of Patent: November 14, 1995Assignee: Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing CompanyInventors: Richard J. Rolando, Patrick L. Coleman, Steven L. Kangas, Thomas A. Kotnour
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Patent number: 5466747Abstract: Graft copolymers comprising a poly-alpha-olefin base polymer selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, and compatible mixtures thereof, having grafted thereto an olefinic monomer. The grafted monomer is present in an amount effective to increase the amount of protein that will bind to the graft copolymer as compared with the base polymer. Also disclosed are polymer/protein compositions comprising a graft copolymer having a protein immobilized on the surface thereof, processes for the preparation of the above-described graft copolymers and compositions, methods of immobilizing proteins, and methods of immunoassay based on such immobilization.Type: GrantFiled: September 26, 1994Date of Patent: November 14, 1995Assignee: Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing CompanyInventors: Richard J. Rolando, Patrick L. Coleman, Steven L. Kangas, Thomas A. Kotnour
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Patent number: 5406357Abstract: The present invention provides a developer which is comprised of the magnetic toner having the specific binder resin component and low-molecular weight wax and the additives of the fine silica powder, metal oxide powder and fluorine-containing fine resin powder which are used in combination in given amounts. Hence, it is possible to prevent the melt-adhesion of toner to the surfaces of the contact charging member and contact transfer member, to cause no faulty images and to obtain images with the enjoyment of superior low-temperature fixing performance and anti-offset properties, even when copies are taken on a large number of sheets using the image forming method having contact charging and contact transfer systems.Type: GrantFiled: August 19, 1994Date of Patent: April 11, 1995Assignee: Canon Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Toshiaki Nakahara, Kazuyoshi Hagiwara, Minoru Shimojyo, Masami Fujimoto, Kiyoshi Mizoe
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Patent number: 5397842Abstract: A blend of a polyolefin, such as polypropylene, with a segmented copolymer containing both polyolefin segments and segments derived from greater than 20 to about 100% of a vinyl aromatic monomer is useful in applications where high melt strength is desired.Type: GrantFiled: November 25, 1992Date of Patent: March 14, 1995Assignee: Rohm and Haas CompanyInventors: Raymond G. Hamilton, Mark T. McCarty
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Patent number: 5364907Abstract: Graft copolymers comprising a poly-alpha-olefin base polymer selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, and compatible mixtures thereof, having grafted thereto an olefinic monomer. The grafted monomer is present in an amount effective to increase the amount of protein that will bind to the graft copolymer as compared with the base polymer.Also disclosed are polymer/protein compositions comprising a graft copolymer having a protein immobilized on the surface thereof, processes for the preparation of the above-described graft copolymers and compositions, methods of immobilizing proteins, and methods of immunoassay based on such immobilization.Type: GrantFiled: June 2, 1993Date of Patent: November 15, 1994Assignee: Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing CompanyInventors: Richard J. Rolando, Patrick L. Coleman, Steven L. Kangas, Thomas A. Kotnour
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Patent number: 5298563Abstract: A process for preparing an impact resistant resin, which comprises a step of graft copolymerizing a monomer mixture comprising an aromatic vinyl monomer and a monomer copolymerizable therewith, to a butadiene rubber-like polymeric latex in the presence of a redox polymerization initiator; a step of coagulating the resulting graft copolymer latex by mixing an antioxidant thereto and adding an alkaline earth metal salt thereto; and a step of washing the coagulated product by a washing water having the pH adjusted to a level of at most 7.Type: GrantFiled: June 7, 1993Date of Patent: March 29, 1994Assignee: Mitsubishi Monsanto Chemical CompanyInventors: Narito Ishiga, Yoshihiko Takeda
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Patent number: 5274029Abstract: An improved process for the polymerization of styrene is provided. The process comprises feeding styrene monomer and a mixture of peroxides, which decompose at progressively higher temperatures, into a prepolymerization vessel maintained at 200.degree.-270.degree. F. About 20-40% of the styrene in this vessel is converted to polymer (depending on temperature and residence time) and then fed to an extruder where the polymer is raised in temperature by passage through a heat exchanger or through the heated throat of the extruder. During this heating, the polymerization is completed in seconds to minutes in an extruder as the peroxides decompose in sequence as the temperature rises. A final devolatilization zone is provided to remove the final traces of monomer. The molten polymer is then passed through a die and stranded or hot die face cut.Type: GrantFiled: November 25, 1991Date of Patent: December 28, 1993Inventor: Joseph M. Kelley
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Patent number: 5266643Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the modification of an olefin polymer to form a coupling agent by grafting it with an unsaturated acid or acid derivative in the presence of a free-radical initiator. The process comprises stages at whicha) the olefin polymer, the unsaturated acid or acid derivative and a first free-radical initiator are heated together to a temperature at which the first free-radical initiator substantially breaks down into free radicals, andb) the reaction mixture derived from stage a) is heated together with a second free-radical initiator to a temperature at which the second free-radical initiator substantially breaks down into free radicals. By the process, olefin polymers can be modified effectively without their macromolecules degrading excessively.Type: GrantFiled: June 3, 1991Date of Patent: November 30, 1993Assignee: Neste OyInventors: Tarja Mustonen, Tuula Telen, Bo Malm
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Patent number: 5264525Abstract: A high volume amine-aldehyde initiator composition for two part acrylic adhesives is disclosed comprising a mixture of the amine-aldehyde condensate and a diluent comprising an epoxy ether, e.g. the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A. The initiator compositions are designed for use in dispensing two part acrylic adhesives from self-proportioning twin pack cartridge dispensers at adhesive:initiator ratios of 20:1 or less, e.g. 10:1.Type: GrantFiled: August 25, 1992Date of Patent: November 23, 1993Assignee: National Starch and Chemical Investment Holding CorporationInventor: William A. Lees
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Patent number: 5252676Abstract: A composition for cross linking an ethylene polymer comprises an organic peroxide as a cross linking agent and a compound represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R stands for a hydrogen atom or one member selected from the class consisting of alkyl groups of 1 to 9 carbon atoms and n is an integer of 2 or 3. A method for cross linking the ethylene type polymer uses the composition mentioned above. An electric power cable comprises a core coated with resinous layers produced by the method described above.Type: GrantFiled: June 24, 1992Date of Patent: October 12, 1993Assignee: Nippon Oil & Fats Co., Ltd.Inventors: Shuji Suyama, Hideyo Ishigaki, Hiroshi Okada
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Patent number: 5244977Abstract: A feed containing 100 parts by weight of reactants consisting of 88 to 98% by weight of a styrene-based monomer or its mixture with other comonomers and 2 to 12% by weight of high-viscosity rubber with a viscosity of 400 to 2,000 centipoises in a 5% by weight styrene solution at 25.degree. C., 0.01 to 0.2 part by weight of an organic peroxide, and 0 to 30 parts by weight of an inert organic solvent is supplied continuously to the first complete mixing type reactor where it is polymerized under the condition prevailing before the rubber phase inversion, the initial reaction mixture is withdrawn continuously and supplied to the second complete mixing type reactor where the rubber is transformed into particles with the conversion of the monomers in the reactants held at 40% by weight or less, and the conversion is raised in the following reactor to yield impact-resistant rubber-modified styrene resins containing rubber particles with a weight average particle diameter of 1.5 to 4 .mu.m.Type: GrantFiled: October 31, 1990Date of Patent: September 14, 1993Assignee: Nippon Steel Chemical Co., Ltd.Inventors: Akifumi Hayakawa, Masanari Fujita, Hiroyuki Shibata, Yoshitaka Sakamaki
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Patent number: 5231141Abstract: A process for producing a hydrophilic group-containing macromonomer having an ethylenically unsaturated group at the end thereof comprising reacting a hydrophilic group-containing polymer having a carboxyl group at the end thereof, with an ethylenically unsaturated group-containing epoxy compound in the presence of a hydrophilic organic solvent. According to the process of the present invention, there is provided a process for producing a hydrophilic group-containing macromonomer having an ethylenically unsaturated group at the end thereof which has been not known in the prior art.Type: GrantFiled: June 11, 1990Date of Patent: July 27, 1993Assignee: Soken Kagaku Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Toshitsugu Arai, Susumu Kawase
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Patent number: 5219947Abstract: A toner for developing electrostatic latent images with a good combination of fixability, anti-offset characteristic, anti-sticking characteristic and pulverizability is provided as a composition comprising a colorant or magnetic material and a binder resin. The binder resin has 0.1 to 60 wt. % of a chloroform-insoluble or a THF (tetrahydrofuran)insoluble and a THF-soluble, the THF-soluble providing a molecular weight distribution in the chromatogram of GPC (gel permeation chromatography) thereof such that there are a main peak in the molecular weight range of 1,000 to 25,000 and a sub-peak or shoulder in the molecular weight range of 2,000 to 150,000. The binder resin may suitably be obtained through two polymerization steps including a solution polymerization step and a suspension polymerization step.Type: GrantFiled: April 23, 1990Date of Patent: June 15, 1993Assignee: Canon Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Satoshi Yasuda, Kiichiro Sakashita, Yasuo Mitsuhashi, Seiichi Takagi, Shuichi Aita, Yoshinobu Nagai, Toshiaki Nakahara
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Patent number: 5204413Abstract: A process for producing a toner resin by a two-step suspension polymerization process, which entails preparing a polymer of high molecular weight having a weight average molecular weight of greater than about 350,000 from at least one monomer having a polymerizable vinyl group using a compound having at least three t-butyl peroxide groups in one molecule, as a polymerization initiator, and then preparing a low molecular weight polymer in the presence of the high molecular weight polymer. A toner having an excellent fixing property and offset resistance can be obtained from the above resin.Type: GrantFiled: March 27, 1991Date of Patent: April 20, 1993Assignee: Mitsubishi Rayon Company, LimitedInventors: Ryo Funato, Syuji Takahiro, Keiji Yoshida, Shinji Kubo, Motoshi Inagaki
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Patent number: 5147937Abstract: Uniformly sized polymer particles of 1-50 .mu.m diameter are made by gradually combining a water-insoluble monomer mixture with an aqueous dispersion of emulsion-polymerized polymer particles in the presence of a dispersion stabilizer and an oil-soluble, free-radical polymerization initiator.Type: GrantFiled: March 1, 1991Date of Patent: September 15, 1992Assignee: Rohm and Haas CompanyInventors: Mark S. Frazza, Kim S. Ho, Alexander Kowalski, Robert R. Raney, Martin Vogel
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Patent number: 5137977Abstract: A polymer composition comprising a polymer or a highly saturated polymer, an organic peroxide and a maleimide derivative, said polymer being produced by radical polymerization using a sulfur-free compound as an emulsifier and a terpene type compound as a molecular weight modifier and said highly saturated polymer being obtained by hydrogenating said polymer.Type: GrantFiled: December 27, 1990Date of Patent: August 11, 1992Assignee: Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.Inventors: Sunao Saitoh, Noboru Watanabe
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Patent number: 5116060Abstract: Golf balls of improved coefficient of restitution provided by polymerizing an elastomer or admixture of elastomers in the presence of at least one metallic salt of an unsaturated carboxylic acid and t-amyl peroxide or blends thereof as a free radical initiator.Type: GrantFiled: March 20, 1991Date of Patent: May 26, 1992Assignee: Lisco, Inc.Inventors: Michael J. Sullivan, R. Dennis Nesbitt, John L. Nealon
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Patent number: 5112921Abstract: An impact-resistant thermoplastic molding material which contains, based in each case on A+B, from 80 to 50% by weight of a hard matrix A of polystyrene having a molecular weight M.eta. of from 150,000 to 200,000 and from 50 to 20% by weight of a soft phase B which is uniformly distributed in the hard matrix and has a median particle diameter d.sub.50 (volume average) of from 1 to 10 .mu.m, and can be obtained by polymerizing styrene in the presence of an elastomeric grafting base, advantageously has a molecular weight of the grafted branches of from 1.1 to 1.35 times the molecular weight of the hard matrix, and the degree of grafting is from 50 to 100%.Type: GrantFiled: December 7, 1989Date of Patent: May 12, 1992Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Hans-Dieter Schwaben, Rainer Schlichtmann, Hubert Kindler, Peter Klaerner, Hans Mittnacht
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Patent number: 5106916Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the catalytic grafting of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer onto a copolymer in the presence of a catalyst. The monomer is selected from the group consisting of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, anhydrides esters and other derivatives thereof. The copolymer is selected from the group consisting of certain copolymers of ethylene and ionomers of such copolymers. The catalyst is a mixture of (a) a certain amount of water and (b) at least one of certain phosphorus-containing compounds. The process comprises admixing copolymer, monomer, catalyst and an organic peroxide at a temperature above the melting point of the copolymer for a period of time so as to obtain a uniform distribution of monomer, catalyst and peroxide in the copolymer. The resultant grafted copolymer has improved color, and is useful in adhesive systems and as a compatibilizer for polymers and other materials.Type: GrantFiled: October 16, 1989Date of Patent: April 21, 1992Assignee: Du Pont Canada Inc.Inventor: David J. Mitchell
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Patent number: 5073600Abstract: A process is provided according to the present invention comprising the steps of: functionalizing a base polymer by grafting alpha-beta unsaturated carboxylic acid, anhydride or ester to a base polymer, the base polymer being selected from the group of hydrogenated polymer of a conjugated diolefin and a copolymer of conjugated diolefins and monoalkenyl arenes, the grafting being performed in a blending device capable of imparting high mechanical energy and in the presence of 3 to 15 percent by weight, based on base polymer, of a suitable diluent oil; reacting the functionalized polymer with an amine; and recovering an animated polymer. This process results in a lower level of scission, crosslinking and coupling than processes which are essentially oil free. The product of this process is an excellent lubricating oil viscosity index improver and additionally has dispersant characteristics.Type: GrantFiled: October 12, 1989Date of Patent: December 17, 1991Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventors: John Eugene Gorman, John A. Morris
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Patent number: 5051482Abstract: The method of preparing a self-curing two-component powder liquid bone cement comprising a powder component consisting of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) particles (1) containing benzoyl peroxide (BPO) as a polymerization catalyst (2), and methylmethacrylate (MMA) as a liquid polymerizable component (3), is performed by the following two steps: A) an evacuated, inflexible chamber (4) of a syringe (11) is filled essentially completely with the PMMA particles (1) which are at least partially solvable in the MMA monomer (3) and containing the BPO (2) distributed throughout the PMMA particles (1); B) by the action of the vacuum in the interspaces between the PMMA particles (1) the said interspaces are essentially completely flooded and the said PMMA particles are completely wetted by the said MMA monomer (3) and thereby at least a surface layer (9) of said PMMA particles (1) is dissolved and the corresponding BPO (2) contained in the said dissolved surface layer (9) initiates the polymerization process in the floodType: GrantFiled: June 23, 1988Date of Patent: September 24, 1991Assignee: Laboratorium fur experimentelle ChirurgieInventor: Slobodan Tepic
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Patent number: 4985503Abstract: Process for preparing impact-resistant translucent rubber-modified polystyrene by polymerizing compounds of the styrene class in the presence of a rubber containing thiol groups.Type: GrantFiled: April 14, 1989Date of Patent: January 15, 1991Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Klaus Bronstert, Hans Hoenl, Adolf Echte, Peter Klaerner
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Patent number: 4952638Abstract: A process for producing a hydrophilic group-containing macromonomer having an ethylenically unsaturated group at the end thereof comprising reacting a hydrophilic group-containing polymer having a carboxyl group at the end thereof, with an ethylenically unsaturated group-containing epoxy compound in the presence of a hydrophilic organic solvent. According to the process of the present invention, there is provided a process for producing a hydrophilic group-containing macromonomer having an ethylenically unsaturated group at the end thereof which has been not known in the prior art.Type: GrantFiled: May 19, 1987Date of Patent: August 28, 1990Assignee: Soken Kagaku Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Toshitsugu Arai, Susumu Kawase
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Patent number: 4935469Abstract: A process for producing monodispersed fine particles of a vinyl polymer is disclosed, which comprises polymerizing monomers containing at least one vinyl monomer selected from the group consisting of aromatic vinyl compounds, acrylic esters, and a methacrylic ester in the presence of (1) a surface active agent represented by formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, which may be the same or different, each represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having from 4 to 8 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted cyclohexyl group and M represents an alkali metal, (2) from 10.sup.-3 to 10.sup.-1 mol/l of a persulfate as a polymerization initiator, and (3) from 10.sup.-4 to 10.sup.-2 mol/l of a divalent metal sulfate as an electrolyte. Monodispersed vinyl polymer fine particles having a particle size of 1 .mu.m or greater with a very narrow size distribution are obtained.Type: GrantFiled: February 3, 1988Date of Patent: June 19, 1990Assignee: Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd.Inventors: Yutaka Akasaki, Naoya Yabuuchi, Tatsuro Ohki
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Patent number: 4925896Abstract: Process for the continuous production in solution of styrene thermoplastic resins by polymerization of a vinyl-aromatic monomer and of a vinyl-nitrile monomer in the presence of an elastomer and of a starter, wherein polymerization is conducted in two or more steps, wherein the elastomeric component is fed, in solution in the solvent and/or in the monomers, to the first step, polymerization is carried out in the subsequent steps at temperatures ranging from 70.degree. to 150.degree. C., in each step the reaction mass is gently and homogeneously stirred and the reaction product is caused to flow to a thin evaporator heated at 150.degree.-300.degree. C.Type: GrantFiled: April 4, 1988Date of Patent: May 15, 1990Assignee: Montedipe, S.p.A.Inventors: Savino Matarrese, Anna Grazia Rossi, Mauro Lo Consolo, Giuseppe Cigna, Italo Borghi
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Patent number: 4910259Abstract: An acrylate based bone cement with well balanced low exotherm, low residual monomer, and high strength properties formulated from (1) a liquid component containing at least three different monomeric (meth)acrylates, e.g. a C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 alkyl methacrylate, a straight or branched long chain (meth)acrylate having a molecular weight of at least 168, and a cyclic (meth)acrylate having a molecular weight of at least 168, and (2) a polymer powder component containing (meth)acrylate polymers or copolymers. The final bone cement may also contain conventional additives such as polymerization inhibitors, activators, crosslinkers, X-ray contrast material, polymerization initiators, antibiotics, antiseptics, and the like.Type: GrantFiled: September 26, 1988Date of Patent: March 20, 1990Assignee: Wolff & Kaaber A/sInventors: Ture Kindt-Larsen, Lydia D. Thomsen
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Patent number: 4910260Abstract: A vulcanizable fluororubber composition which comprises:(a) a fluorine-containing elastomeric copolymer of vinylidene fluoride with at least one other ethylenically unsaturated monomer copolymerizable therewith;(b) an organic peroxide;(c) a polyfunctional compound;(d) at least one member selected from the group consisting of bivalent metal hydroxides and bivalent metal oxides; and(e) an organic base.Type: GrantFiled: October 7, 1988Date of Patent: March 20, 1990Assignee: Asahi Glass Company, Ltd.Inventors: Hiroshi Wachi, Takeo Kaneko
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Patent number: 4861827Abstract: A continuous process for the production of high impact polystyrene using a free radical initiator which decomposes to form only non-acid decomposition by-products.Type: GrantFiled: December 24, 1987Date of Patent: August 29, 1989Assignee: Fina Technology, Inc.Inventors: Jose M. Sosa, Jeffrey Morris
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Patent number: 4837282Abstract: A polyolefin rubber composition consisting essentially of 100 parts by weight of a polyolefin rubber polymer, 10 to 100 parts by weight of a mono-olefin monomer, 1 to 20 parts by weight of a polyolefin polyfunctional monomer, and 0.1 to 15 parts by weight of an organic peroxide, wherein these components are blended and subjected to heat treatment to form a denaturated polyolefin rubber.The mechanical and electrical characteristics of this denaturated polyolefin rubber do not deteriorate even after long-time subjection to heat treatment, and this material finds application as a rubber for thermally resistant electrical products.Type: GrantFiled: September 4, 1987Date of Patent: June 6, 1989Assignee: Yazaki CorporationInventors: Kiyoshi Yagi, Toshiaki Kanno, Masahiro Kanda, Izumi Nomura
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Patent number: 4822858Abstract: During the reaction of grafting of styrene and acrylonitrile to polybutadiene, the conversion of the graft monomers is increased from the values of 92.div.94% usually obtained, to values very close to 98%, by carrying out a redox-type reaction additional to that provided by the process, in the presence of an additional aliquot of acrylonitrile and of catalytic system.Type: GrantFiled: May 22, 1986Date of Patent: April 18, 1989Assignee: Enichem Tecnoresine S.p.AInventors: Bruno Pivotto, Gualtiero Ferri, Franco Campana
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Patent number: 4806447Abstract: A process for forming a polymer resistant to degradation comprising chemically bonding unsaturated antioxidants into polymeric materials by adding the antioxidant to the polymeric material, introducing a free radical initiator and causing the initiator to generate free radicals and bond the antioxidant to the polymeric material.Type: GrantFiled: March 28, 1988Date of Patent: February 21, 1989Assignee: The Goodyear Tire & Rubber CompanyInventor: Dane K. Parker
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Patent number: 4788264Abstract: A method of preparing a modified polyethylene which comprises melt kneading 100 parts by weight of (A) a high density polyethylene having a branching degree of not more than 5 per 1,000 carbon atoms of principal chain, from 0.2 to 3 parts by weight of (B) an unsaturated carboxylic acid or a derivative thereof, and from 0.01 to 0.5 part by weight of (C) an organic peroxide, the weight ratio of (C) to (B), (C)/(B), being from 0.01 to 0.5.The modified polyethylenes obtained by the use of the method of the present invention not only have excellent heat resistance, moldability, and so forth, but also are extremely improved in their adhesion property, especially in the property of adhering to a saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, a polyamide resin, and a polyester resin, and therefore the modified polyethylenes can be advantageously used with these materials for the production of laminated boards.Type: GrantFiled: January 22, 1988Date of Patent: November 29, 1988Assignee: Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd.Inventor: Mamoru Ukita
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Patent number: 4770422Abstract: A composition for making golf ball products is disclosed. Polybutadiene is crosslinked by zinc diacrylate with the use of a free radical initiator, such as a peroxide. The amount of free radical initiator used is between 0.2 parts and 0.8 parts per 100 parts polybutadiene. The amount of zinc diacrylate and free radical initiator are controlled and the curing conditions adjusted so that the golf ball product has a swell index of at least about 0.6 and a PGA compression of about 50-110.Type: GrantFiled: November 1, 1985Date of Patent: September 13, 1988Assignee: Acushnet CompanyInventor: Sharon R. Isaac
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Patent number: 4753997Abstract: A method of grafting maleic anhydride or maleic anhydride/styrene onto a polyolefin, in particular polypropylene comprising mixing maleic anhydride or maleic anhydride-styrene/styrene homologue with the polyolefin in the presence of a catalyst having the formula: ##STR1## wherein X=S, O or N;R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 =an alkyl group, for example C.sub.1 -C.sub.14 or higher;R=H or ##STR2## wherein R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 equal H, an alkyl group, (CH.sub.2).sub.n COOH, or mixtures thereof; andn=1 to about 6.Type: GrantFiled: November 27, 1985Date of Patent: June 28, 1988Assignee: The Standard Oil CompanyInventors: Wen B. Shyu, David A. Woodhead
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Patent number: 4739014Abstract: A process for forming a polymer resistant to degradation comprising chemically bonding unsaturated antioxidants into polymeric materials by adding the antioxidant to the polymeric material, introducing a free radical initiator and causing the initiator to generate free radicals and bond the antioxidant to the polymeric material.Type: GrantFiled: March 14, 1983Date of Patent: April 19, 1988Assignee: The Goodyear Tire & Rubber CompanyInventors: Carl R. Parks, Dane K. Parker
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Patent number: 4713409Abstract: Vulcanizable polymeric compositions comprising certain rubbery polymers or polymer blends, a zinc dimethacrylate adjuvant having a surface area of from about 3.7 to about 5.4 m.sup.2 /g or more and a peroxide curing agent are provided. Polymeric compositions which contain 25 parts by weight or more of the zinc dimethacrylate adjuvant per 100 parts by weight of rubbery polymer in the absence of reinforcing fillers exhibit excellent strength and hysteresis characteristcs when cured. The surface area of the zinc dimethacrylate adjuvant along with its method of preparation are extremely important factors in the excellent properties obtained when polymeric compositions containing the adjuvant are cured.Type: GrantFiled: April 17, 1986Date of Patent: December 15, 1987Assignee: The Firestone Tire & Rubber CompanyInventors: Robert A. Hayes, Wendell R. Conard
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Patent number: 4692497Abstract: A process for curing a diene polymer including polybutadiene and a metal salt of an alpha, beta ethylenically unsaturated acid using at least two free radical initiators where one initiator has a half life about three times greater than the half life of the other initiator at the same temperature.Type: GrantFiled: June 27, 1985Date of Patent: September 8, 1987Assignee: Acushnet CompanyInventors: Paul M. Gendreau, Francisco M. Llort, Raymond A. Berard
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Patent number: 4687813Abstract: A process for the production of coatings based on reaction products of(A) polyhydroxypolyacrylate resins obtained from hydroxyalkyl esters of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid, alkyl esters of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid, and one or more polymerizable, olefinically unsaturated nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds, with or without vinylaromatics, (meth)acrylamides and other monomers, with(B) isocyanurate-containing polyisocyanates which may or may not contain biuret groups, have a functionality of from 2.5 to 6 and consist of a mixture of polyisocyanates possessing predominantly cycloaliphatically bonded isocyanate groups with those possessing predominantly aliphatically bonded isocyanate groups.The process is particularly useful for coating metal components.Type: GrantFiled: January 6, 1986Date of Patent: August 18, 1987Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Werner Lenz, Hans Sander, Dieter Moeller
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Patent number: 4683248Abstract: Optionally nucleo-substituted styrene polymers are crosslinked at temperatures above 110.degree. C. with combinations of crosslinkage promoters containing at least two polymerizable C--C double or C--C triple bonds in the molecule, and organic peroxides (with the exception of hydroperoxides, peracids, and ketone peroxides) having a 10 hour halflife temperature below 106.degree. C.Type: GrantFiled: October 2, 1985Date of Patent: July 28, 1987Assignee: Luperox GmbHInventors: Kurt Rauer, Angelika Orner
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Patent number: 4585833Abstract: This invention is directed to curable molding compositions containing a mixture of a poly(acrylate), a polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomer which serves to crosslink the poly(acrylate) to a thermoset product, a thermoplastic polymer low profile additive, and a free radical initiator mixture containing at least one initiator with a 10-hour half-life temperature (t.sub.1/2) of greater than about 90.degree. C. and at least one initiator with a 10-hour half-life temperature (t.sub.1/2) of less than about 90.degree. C. The curable molding compositions exhibit improved shrink control during the curing reaction. This invention is also directed to fiber reinforced thermoset resin articles which exhibit generally improved surface appearance quality and can be produced by a rapid injection molding process from the curable molding compositions.Type: GrantFiled: May 26, 1983Date of Patent: April 29, 1986Assignee: Union Carbide CorporationInventor: Linda A. Domeier
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Patent number: 4578428Abstract: Olefinic polymers characterized by the presence of free carboxylic groups arranged along the polymeric chain, obtained by radicalic grafting of unsaturated carboxylic acids onto the chain of the olefinic polymer. The products so obtained exhibit in particular a high adhesion to metals. The manufacturing process is based on the use of at least two different organic peroxides, having different reactivities.Type: GrantFiled: December 16, 1983Date of Patent: March 25, 1986Assignee: Montedison S.p.A.Inventors: Luciano Clementini, Leonardo Spagnoli
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Patent number: 4532300Abstract: A process for the production of coatings based on reaction products of (A) polyhydroxy polyacrylate resins obtained from hydroxyalkyl esters of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid, alkyl acrylates and/or methacrylates, one or more polymerizable, olefinically unsaturated N-containing heterocyclic compounds and if appropriate vinyl-aromatics, acrylamides or methacrylamides and other monomers with (B) isocyanurate-containing polyisocyanates having a functionality of from 2.5 to 6 and predominantly containing cycloaliphatically bonded isocyanate groups is particularly useful for coating metal articles.Type: GrantFiled: July 12, 1983Date of Patent: July 30, 1985Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Werner Lenz, Hans Sander, Dieter Moller
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Patent number: 4513120Abstract: There are provided thermoplastic compositions comprising a polyphenylene ether and a rubber modified polystyrene resin having a discontinuous phase of polystyrene particles englobed in diene rubber membranes, the particles being between about 0.1 and 0.7 microns in diameter. Such compositions provide molded articles with substantial and unexpected improvements in impact resistance and ability to transmit light in comparison with known compositions of such rubber modified polystyrenes alone or those of other polystyrenes combined with polyphenylene ethers.Type: GrantFiled: December 9, 1982Date of Patent: April 23, 1985Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: James G. Bennett, Jr., Gim F. Lee, Jr.
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Patent number: 4507423Abstract: A polyolefin resin composition comprising a modified polyolefin prepared by reacting a polyolefin with an unsaturated carboxylic acid in the presence of a catalyst including at least one member selected from the group consisting of ketal peroxides and dialkyl peroxides having a decomposition temperature necessary for attaining the half life of 10 hours of at least 80.degree. C., and a fibrous, powdery, or flaky reinforcement.Type: GrantFiled: December 16, 1982Date of Patent: March 26, 1985Assignee: Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.Inventors: Isao Sasaki, Yasuaki Ii, Hiroshi Mori
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Patent number: 4506056Abstract: A process for the preparation of carboxyl-containing polymers comprising mixing together maleic anhydride, a free radical initiator, an additive which inhibits the homopolymerization of maleic anhydride but not that of methyl methacrylate below about 100.degree. C. and a polymer, above its melting point, in the absence of a solvent. The process yields anhydride-containing polymers without the substantial crosslinking or degradation which characterize the process in the absence of the additive.Type: GrantFiled: June 18, 1982Date of Patent: March 19, 1985Assignee: Gaylord Research Institute Inc.Inventor: Norman G. Gaylord
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Patent number: 4485218Abstract: Encapsulating compositions for inductive devices have a polybutadiene base, predominate in trans-1,4 polybutadiene, and include cis-1,4 polybutadiene and vinyl-1,2 polybutadiene, together with an initiator, an inhibitor and a co-agent for improving the curing of the composition. The compositions are usable at higher temperatures, based on a conditioning of the composition during cure at or near the projected use temperature. When combined with high temperature conductor insulation coatings, such as polyimides, a high temperature soft cure encapsulation is achieved from which an inductive device may be liberated without damage to the device.Type: GrantFiled: February 18, 1982Date of Patent: November 27, 1984Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: Gordon M. Bell, James R. Ridlen
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Patent number: 4430472Abstract: An elastomeric composition of the type used as a jacketing material for electrical wires and cables is shown having improved chemical, water and heat resistance. An ethylene/acrylic elastomer comprising a terpolymer of ethylene, methyl acrylate, and a cure site monomer is used as the base polymer and has blended therewith a polybutadiene. The polybutadiene has greater than 50% 1,2 polymerized units and has a molecular weight between about 1,500 and 25,000 grams/mole.Type: GrantFiled: December 17, 1982Date of Patent: February 7, 1984Assignee: Hughes Tool CompanyInventor: Raymond L. Guzy