Abstract: This invention is directed to fluorinated acrylate compositions, which are suitable for use as low shrinkage, low absorbance refractive index matching adhesives for use in “pig-tailing” polymeric integrated waveguides to optical fiber bundles.

Abstract: An economic, optically transmissive, stain and ink repellent, durable low refractive index fluoropolymer composition for use in an antireflection film or coupled to an optical display. In one aspect of the invention, the composition is formed from the reaction product of a fluoropolymer and a fluoroalkyl containing multi-olefinic crosslinker. In another aspect of the invention, the composition further includes surface modified inorganic nanoparticles.

Abstract: A method is provided for making a crosslinked polymer by direct fluorination of a non-perfluorinated polymer comprising first pendent groups which comprise sulfonyl halide groups or by direct fluorination of a polymer mixture of a first polymer which is a non-perfluorinated polymer and a second polymer which comprises first pendent groups which comprise sulfonyl halide groups. Such crosslinked polymers or polymer mixtures may be used to make polymer electrolyte membranes (PEM's) that may be used in electrolytic cells such as fuel cells and which should demonstrate increased durability in fuel cell use.

Abstract: To provide a novel crosslinking system of fluorine-containing elastomer giving a crosslinked product particularly having improved mechanical strength and compression set at high temperature. A fluorine-containing rubber composition comprising a fluorine-containing elastomer having carboxyl group and/or alkoxycarbonyl group at an end of a trunk chain and/or branched chain as a crosslinkable group.

Abstract: A catalyst is preparable from a first component represented by R?C(CF2R)O?Q+ and a second component (NCCFR?)bZ. The catalyst may be combined with a fluoropolymer having nitrogen-containing cure-sites to form a curable composition that is useful for preparing fluoroelastomer compositions.

Abstract: A crosslinked fluorocarbon such as perfluorocarbon, polymeric composition is provided having hydrophilic functional groups, which is crosslinked with fluorinated such as perfluorinated crosslinking groups. Also provided is a branched fluorocarbon such as perfluorocarbon, polymeric composition having hydrophilic functional groups.

Abstract: The purpose of the invention is to provide a novel aqueous dispersion that allows high solidification and that has good adherence and gasohol resistance to polyolefin substrates even on low-temperature baking. An aqueous dispersion characterized by dispersedly containing carboxyl group-containing chlorinated propylenic random copolymer with chlorine content of 5 to 40% by weight, grafting level of ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride of 0.1 to 20% by weight and weight average molecular weight of 10,000 to 300,000, and stabilizer, a method for the production and the uses thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the reduction of oligomer content of melt-processible fluoropolymer so that the fluoropolymer has at least 25 ppm less oligomer than the as-polymerized fluoropolymer, the reduction being obtained by melting the fluoropolymer forming a surface of molten fluoropolymer and regenerating this surface, contacting the regenerating surface with inert gas, and devolatilizing the resultant molten fluoropolymer.

Abstract: The invention provides a novel binder resin composition with good adherence onto prime materials of polyolefin, poly (vinyl chloride), polycarbonate, PET, ABS and nylon, and also with excellent solvent solubility. A binder resin composition characterized by being chlorinated propylenic random copolymer with weight average molecular weight of 3000 to 250000, wherein propylenic random copolymer with melting point (Tm) measured by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) of 115 to 165° C.

Abstract: A composition of a fluoropolymer comprising interpolymerized units of nitrogen-containing cure site monomer and a catalyst comprising a compound having the formula: wherein HA is an acid, each R1, R2, and R3 is independently a C1–C20 alkyl group, which may be cyclic or heterocyclic, or Rf(CH2)x— wherein Rf is a C1–C8 linear or branched and at least partially fluorinated, and x is 1 to 4, and one R group may be a bond to another R group such that the nitrogen is bonded to or part of an alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, or aromatic group. This may further comprise a catalyst composition comprising a compound of the formula R1C(OR2)?NH, and salts thereof, where each R1 and R2 is, independently, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, or cycloalkenyl. Also provided are a method of making a fluoropolymer composition and articles prepared from the compositions.

Abstract: A method is provided for making a crosslinked polymer by direct fluorination of a non-perfluorinated polymer comprising first pendent groups which comprise sulfonyl halide groups or by direct fluorination of a polymer mixture of a first polymer which is a non-perfluorinated polymer and a second polymer which comprises first pendent groups which comprise sulfonyl halide groups. Such crosslinked polymers or polymer mixtures may be used to make polymer electrolyte membranes (PEM's) that may be used in electrolytic cells such as fuel cells and which should demonstrate increased durability in fuel cell use.

Abstract: There is provided a method of forming a fine pattern by using a practicable fluorine-containing polymer which has a high transparency to exposure light having a short wavelength such as F2 laser and can undergo resolution of a fine pattern.

Abstract: A perfluoropolyether and a composition comprising the perfluoropolyether are provided in which the perfluoropolyether comprises at least one bromine or iodine atom at the primary position of the perfluoropolyether. Also provided is a process for producing the composition in which the process comprises contacting a perfluoropolyether acid fluoride moiety with a metal bromide or metal iodide or a suitable polyether secondary iodide under a condition sufficient to effect the production of a perfluoropolyether comprising at least one bromine or iodine at the primary position.

Abstract: A stabilized fluorine-containing polymer powder having an average particle size of 5 to 100 ?m is prepared by contacting a fluorine-containing polymer powder, which is prepared by milling the fluorine-containing polymer and removing fine particles, fibrous particles and coarse particles by classification, with a fluorinating agent so that the total number of unstable terminal groups is decreased to 7 to 50 per 106 carbon atoms. This a fluorine-containing polymer powder achieved a high coating efficiency in an electrostatic coating method and provides a film having good properties such as heat resistance, non-tackiness, low frictional property, chemical resistance, etc.

Abstract: A process for brominating a styrenic polymer in an organic solvent in the presence of an antimony trihalide catalyst such that a reaction mass containing brominated styrenic polymer in an organic phase is formed is improved by mixing hydrochloric acid or hydrobromic acid, or both, with said reaction mass at least once to extract antimony catalyst residues from said reaction mass as an acidic aqueous phase. Preferably, catalyst residues are recovered from the acidic aqueous phase and still more preferably, recovered antimony trihalide catalyst residues are recycled to constitute at least a portion of the antimony trihalide catalyst used in preparing the brominated styrenic polymer.

Abstract: A method for synthesizing a pentafluorophenyl acrylate polymer includes bulk polymerizing a pentafluorophenyl acrylate monomer in the presence of a free radical initiator. The reactant mixture was subjected to an ultrasonication treatment, so that the mixing of the initiator and the monomer is enhanced; carried out the bulk polymerization at 25-99° C. for a period of time, and at 100-200° C. under a vacuum pressure for another period of time to complete the bulk polymerization, so that residue amounts of the initiator, unreacted monomer and oligomer of the monomer are reduced in the resulting reaction mixture.

Abstract: Compositions comprising a fluoropolymer derived from a nitrogen-containing cure site monomer, a catalyst composition which comprises at least one anionic functional group and at least one cationic functional group having the formula QR?k(+), wherein Q is selected from phosphorous, sulfur, nitrogen, arsenic, or antimony, wherein each R? is independently selected from hydrogen and a nonfluorinated, partially fluorinated, or perfluorinated, C1-C20 alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, or alkenyl group, and wherein k is the valence of Q plus one; wherein the catalyst composition is a compound or the precursors thereof added separately or as a mixture; and a composition of the formula: R?2SOx wherein each R? is C1-C30 alkyl, aralkyl, the two R? groups together form a heterocyclic C3-C30 cycloalkyl, aryl, or aralkyl, each R? can be fluorinated, and x is 1 or 2. Also provided are methods of making a fluoropolymer and fluoropolymer articles containing fluoropolymer compositions.

Abstract: A base resistant, substantially amorphous fluoroelastomer comprising (1) 10-40 mole percent ethylene units, (2) 32-60 mole percent tetrafluoroethylene units, (3) 20-40 mole percent perfluoro ether units selected from the group consisting of perfluoro(alkyl vinyl ethers), perfluoro(alkyl alkenyl ethers) and perfluoro(alkoxy alkenyl ethers), and (4) 0.1 to 15 mole percent of a cure site monomer selected from the group consisting of i) 3,3,3-trifluoropropene-1, ii) trifluoroethylene, iii) 1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropylene, iv) 1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropylene, and v) 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene. Such fluoroelastomers may be vulcanized with polyhydroxy curatives. The resulting vulcanized fluoroelastomer compositions are resistant to attack by amines, strong bases and hydrogen sulfide and possess a combination of good low temperature and high temperature properties and they are resistant to oil swell.

Abstract: To provide a solid fluoroelastomer having nitrile group at the, end which gives a crosslinked product being excellent in heat resistance, solvent resistance, chemical resistance, compression set and cleanliness, and an economical process for preparation thereof. The process for preparing a nitrile group-containing fluoroelastomer by converting amide group contained in a polymer molecular chain of a solid fluoroelastomer into nitrile group in the presence of a dehydrating agent.

Abstract: Amorphous perfluorinated or fluorinated polymers containing an amount lower than 0.

Abstract: To a fluorine-containing polymer, 0.1 to 10% of a compound having an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal in terms of the number of atoms of the alkali metal or the alkaline earth metal based on the total number of the above terminal groups, 0.1 to 10% of ammonia in terms of the number of ammonia molecules based on the total number of the above terminal groups, or 0.1 to 10% of a compound having an ammonium group in terms of the number of the ammonium groups based on the total number of the above terminal groups is added, and heated at a temperature of at least 200° C. in an atmosphere containing moisture. By this process, unstable terminal groups such as terminal carboxylic acid groups and coloration caused by such terminal groups are effectively removed from the fluorine-containing polymer, and furthermore unstable bonds in the backbones can be removed. The obtained fluorine-containing polymer contains 1.

Abstract: Hydrogen-plasma modification of a contact lens made from a fluorinated polymer reduces the surface chemistry of by removing fluorine, leaving behind a carbon-enriched surface that is further plasma processed into a hydrophilic surface for a lens material to be inserted into the ocular environment.

Abstract: Hydrogen-plasma modification of a contact lens made from a fluorinated polymer reduces the surface chemistry of by removing fluorine, leaving behind a carbon-enriched surface that is further plasma processed into a hydrophilic surface for a lens material to be inserted into the ocular environment.

Abstract: A composition comprising a fluoropolymer comprising interpolymerized units derived from a nitrogen-containing cure site monomer; and a catalyst composition comprising a compound having the general formula: wherein the group HA is an acid, and each R1, R2, and R3 is, independently, the same or a different C1-C20 alkyl group, a C3-C20 cyclic or heterocyclic group, Rf(CH2)x—wherein Rf is a C1-C8 linear or branched and at least partially fluorinated alkylene, cycloalkylene, or oxyalkylene, and x is 1 to 4, or a bond to another R group such that the nitrogen is bonded to or part of an imino or heterocyclic group; wherein two or more R groups may be linked to form a cyclic, bicyclic or aromatic group, optionally comprising a heteroatom. Also provided are a method of making a fluoropolymer composition and articles prepared from the compositions.

Abstract: A process for preparing a fluorine-containing elastomeric copolymer, a vulcanizing agent and a vulcanization accelerator, said process comprising the step of coagulating the copolymer from an aqueous dispersion of the fluorine-containing elastomeric copolymer and drying the resulting coagulate of the copolymer while kneading, wherein a mixture of mutually soluble components consisting of the vulcanizing agent and the vulcanization accelerator is added to the coagulate, can give a fluororubber composition having stable vulcanization physical properties, wherein the vulcanizing agent and the vulcanization accelerator are homogeneously dispersed in the fluororubber.

Abstract: To a fluorine-containing polymer, 0.1 to 10% of a compound comprising an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal in terms of the number of atoms of the alkali metal or the alkaline earth metal based on the total number of the above terminal groups, 0.1 to 10% of ammonia in terms of the number of ammonia molecules based on the total number of the above terminal groups, or 0.1 to 10% of a compound having an ammonium group in terms of the number of the ammonium groups based on the total number of the above terminal groups is added, and heated at a temperature of at least 2000C in an atmosphere containing moisture. By this process, unstable terminal groups such as terminal carboxylic acid groups and coloration caused by such terminal groups are effectively removed from the fluorine-containing polymer, and furthermore unstable bonds in the backbones can be removed. The obtained fluorine-containing polymer contains 1.

Abstract: Compositions of specialty fluoroelastomers containing copolymerized units of tetrafluoroethylene, propylene, optionally vinylidene fluoride, and a cure site monomer selected from the group consisting of i) trifluoroethylene, ii) 3,3,3-trifluoropropene-1, iii) 1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropylene, iv) 1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropylene, and v) 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene are readily curable with polyhydroxy curing systems. The resulting cured articles have a combination of excellent resistance to alkaline fluids, superior tensile properties and compression set resistance.

Abstract: Compositions of specialty fluoroelastomers containing copolymerized units of tetrafluoroethylene, propylene, optionally vinylidene fluoride, and a cure site monomer selected from the group consisting of i) trifluoroethylene, ii) 3,3,3-trifluoropropene-1, iii) 1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropylene, iv) 1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropylene, and v) 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene are readily curable with polyhydroxy curing systems. The resulting cured articles have a combination of excellent resistance to alkaline fluids, superior tensile properties and compression set resistance.

Abstract: A base resistant, substantially amorphous fluoroelastomer comprising (1) 10-40 mole percent ethylene units, (2) 32-60 mole percent tetrafluoroethylene units, (3) 20-40 mole percent perfluoro ether units selected from the group consisting of perfluoro(alkyl vinyl ethers), perfluoro(alkyl alkenyl ethers) and perfluoro(alkoxy alkenyl ethers), and (4) 0.1 to 15 mole percent of a cure site monomer selected from the group consisting of i) 3,3,3-trifluoropropene-1, ii) trifluoroethylene, iii) 1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropylene, iv) 1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropylene, and v) 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene. Such fluoroelastomers may be vulcanized with polyhydroxy curatives. The resulting vulcanized fluoroelastomer compositions are resistant to attack by amines, strong bases and hydrogen sulfide and possess a combination of good low temperature and high temperature properties and they are resistant to oil swell.

Abstract: A melt-processable fluorine-containing polymer is melt kneaded with a kneader which has a residence time of at least 10 minutes, a usable volume ratio (usable space in a container/space in a container) of larger than 0.3, and a power factor K of less than 8000, the power factor K being represented by the formula: K=Pv/&mgr;/n2 in which Pv is a power requirement per unit volume (W/m3), &mgr; is a melt viscosity (Pa.s), and n is a rotation speed (rps), to effectively remove terminal groups and bonds in the backbones, which are unstable during melt kneading, from the melt-processable fluorine-containing polymer, and obtain a colorless fluorine-containing polymer.

Abstract: A composition that includes: (a) a fluoropolymer comprising interpolymerized units derived from a cure site monomer comprising a nitrile group; and (b) a catalyst composition comprising a divalent metal amine complex compound having the formula:  where M is a divalent metal, X is an anionic group, and n is 2 to 6, as well as a method for curing this composition and cured articles prepared from this composition.

Abstract: A composition that includes a fluoropolymer comprising interpolymerized units derived from a cure site monomer comprising a nitrile group; and (b) a catalyst composition comprising a compound having the formula R1C(OR2)═NH, and salts thereof, where R1 and R2, independently, are a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, or alkenyl group, as well as a method for curing this composition and cured articles prepared from this composition.

Abstract: A melt-processable fluorine-containing polymer is melt kneaded with a kneader which has a residence time of at least 10 minutes, a usable volume ratio (usable space in a container/space in a container) of larger than 0.3, and a power factor K of less than 8000, the power factor K being represented by the formula: K=Pv/&mgr;/n2 in which Pv is a power requirement per unit volume (W/m3), &mgr; is a melt viscosity (Pa.s), and n is a rotation speed (rps), to effectively remove terminal groups and bonds in the backbones, which are unstable during melt kneading, from the melt-processable fluorine-containing polymer, and obtain a colorless fluorine-containing polymer.

Abstract: Hydrogen-plasma modification of a contact lens made from a fluorinated polymer reduces the surface chemistry of by removing fluorine, leaving behind a carbon-enriched surface that is further plasma processed into a hydrophilic surface for a lens material to be inserted into the ocular environment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing selective ion exchangers based on crosslinked vinylaromatic polymers and containing iminoacetic acid units of the general formulas (I) and (II) wherein X represents hydrogen or an alkali metal ion, by reacting a weak-base anion exchanger bearing primary amino groups with monochloro-acetic acid and/or an alkali metal salt of monochloroacetic acid at a temperature of from 70 to 110° C. and a pH of from 7 to 11.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing elastomer composition comprising a terpolymer of tetrafluoroethylene, perfluoro(lower alkyl vinyl ether) and perfluoro(&ohgr;-cyanoalkyl vinyl ether) and a bisaminophenyl compound represented by the following general formula as a curing agent: wherein A is an alkylidene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a perfluoroalkylidene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a SO2 group, an O group, a CO group, or a carbon-carbon bond capable of directly coupling two benzene rings; and X and Y each are a hydroxyl group or an amino group can give a rubbery vulcanization product with a good processability and good physical properties by a commercially available cross-linking agent free from any safety problem.

Abstract: Fine silica particles surface-treated with a silane and having primary particles having a particle diameter of from 0.01 to 5 &mgr;m, which fine silica particles fulfill the following conditions (i) and (ii), a process for their production and an organic resin composition containing such particles as a component are provided. (i) When an organic compound which is liquid at room temperature and has a dielectric constant of from 1 to 40 F/m and fine silica particles are mixed in a weight ratio of 5:1 and shaked, the fine silica particles disperse uniformly in the organic compound, and (ii) the quantity of primary particles remaining as primary particles when methanol is evaporated under heating by means of an evaporator from a dispersion prepared by dispersing the fine silica particles in methanol and thereafter the particles are held at a temperature of 100° C. for 2 hours, is in a percentage of at least 20% based on the quantity of primary particles originally present.

Abstract: The invention provides a binder resin and a primer composition, paint composition, ink composition an adhesive composition with excellent gasohol resistance, adherence, weather resistance, etc. to polyolefinic resins and relates to a binder resin for polyolefinic resins comprising carboxyl group-containing chlorinated polyolefin (II), which contains not more than 2% of a component with molecular weight of 2,000 or lower and which has a ratio of weight average molecular weight (Mw) to number average molecular weight (Mn), that is the value Mw/Mn of not more than 4.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention provides curable fluoropolymer compositions comprising fluoropolymer, onium, and alkyl or aryl oxalate-blocked compound and carbonate-blocked compound as crosslinking agents. In other aspects, the invention provides methods of making curable fluoropolymer compositions and provides alkyl or aryl oxalate-blocked and carbonate-blocked compounds.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention provides curable fluoropolymer compositions comprising fluoropolymer, onium, and alkyl or aryl oxalate-blocked compound as a crosslinking agent. In other aspects, the invention provides methods of making curable fluoropolymer compositions and provides alkyl or aryl oxalate-blocked compounds.

Abstract: Hydrogen-plasma modification of a contact lens made from a fluorinated polymer reduces the surface chemistry of by removing fluorine, leaving behind a carbon-enriched surface that is further plasma processed into a hydrophilic surface for a lens material to be inserted into the ocular environment.

Abstract: To provide a solid fluoroelastomer having nitrile group at the end which gives a crosslinked product being excellent in heat resistance, solvent resistance, chemical resistance, compression set and cleanliness, and an economical process for preparation thereof. The process for preparing a nitrile group-containing fluoroelastomer by converting amide group contained in a polymer molecular chain of a solid fluoroelastomer into nitrile group in the presence of a dehydrating agent.

Abstract: Curable fluoroelastomers comprising monomeric units formed by triazine iodinated derivative having general formula: wherein Y′ is independently H, Cl, F, CH3, or CF3, m′ and t′ are 0 or 1, and m′+t′=0 or 1, preferably m′+t′=0; p′ is an integer and is equal to 1 when t′=1, or p′=0; X′ is independently H, Cl, F, alkyl or perfluoroalkyl C1-C3, preferably F; n′ is an integer between 2 and 20, preferably between 4 and 12, more preferably between 4 and 8.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing selective ion exchangers based on crosslinked vinylaromatic polymers and containing iminoacetic acid units of the general formulas (I) and (II) 1

Abstract: A method of fluorinating a substance comprises providing a reaction mixture comprising a liquid or supercritical carbon dioxide reaction medium, a first reactant, and a second reactant, wherein the first reactant is a fluorinating reagent, and then contacting the first reactant and the second reactant in the carbon dioxide such that the first reactant fluorinates the second reactant.

Abstract: A melt-processable fluorine-containing polymer is melt kneaded with a kneader which has a residence time of at least 10 minutes, a usable volume ratio (usable space in a container/space in a container) of larger than 0.3, and a power factor K of less than 8000, the power factor K being represented by the formula: K=Pv/&mgr;/n2 in which Pv is a power requirement per unit volume (W/m3), &mgr; is a melt viscosity (Pa.s), and n is a rotation speed (rps), to effectively remove terminal groups and bonds in the backbones, which are unstable during melt kneading, from the melt-processable fluorine-containing polymer, and obtain a colorless fluorine-containing polymer.

Abstract: A release coating layer comprising a continuous phase of an organic polymer binder; a discontinuous phase of a fluorinated resin having a molecular weight between 2500 and 10,000,000, wherein the ratio of organic polymer binder to fluorinated resin is between 60:39.9 to 80:18 by weight; and a priming agent composition comprising a perfluoroalkylsubstituted fluororesin-reactive compound having the formula: where R5 is H or F, Q is OH, SiR6R7R8, R6, R7, and R8 being independently selected from the group consisting of Cl, OH, an alkyl group containing 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group containing 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, an acyloxy group containing 2 to about 4 carbon atoms, and an amino group containing 0 to about 4 carbon atoms; and n is an integer from 1 to about 15; with the proviso that, at least one of R6, R7, and R8 is Cl, OH, or an alkoxy, acyloxy, or amino group.

Abstract: Curable fluoroelastomers comprising in the chain monomeric units formed by a triazine iodinated derivative having general formula: 1

Abstract: Compositions and techniques useful to effectively recycle crosslinked (i.e., vulcanized or cured) fluoroelastomers are disclosed. The invention utilizes an additive system that includes a cure-enhancing additive, a crosslinking agent, and an accelerator.

Abstract: Sulphonic fluorinated ionomers crosslinked by radical crosslinking of: