Abstract: Polymers derived from 4-acyloxystyrene are purified by fractionalization plus heating and cooling of the polymers in alcoholic solvents.

Abstract: Disclosed are a modified polyvinyl acetal resin consisting essentially of repeating units represented by the following formula (I), and a modifier for curable resins which comprises the modified polyvinyl acetal resin: 1

Abstract: The present invention has an object of the present invention to provide a polyvinyl acetal resin for heat-developable photosensitive materials as well as a heat-developable photosensitive material while solving such problems as coating solution pot life, coloration of heat-developable photosensitive material, fog, poor gradation, insufficient sensitivity and poor undeveloped film storability and making it possible for the materials to acquire good image characteristics.

Abstract: The present invention provides a production process for a water-absorbent resin powder which is excellent in particle diameter distribution and properties, wherein the production process not only inhibits adhesion and aggregation in the production steps, but also is excellent in energy efficiency, drying efficiency, and productivity.

Abstract: High-density, miniaturized arrays including high surface areas. Arrays described include substrate with a coating of linking agents, as well as arrays with reactants affixed to the substrates. Methods of manufacturing high-density arrays of reactants. The methods include the use of oriented, heat shrink films and elastomeric materials. Methods of functionalizing a substrate with linking agents for subsequent affixation of reactants are also disclosed herein.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method for making composite articles, including optical lenses, which includes the steps of obtaining a substrate; placing a semi-solid-like polymerizable composition in contact with at least one of the front or back surface of the substrate; compressing or heating the resulting semi-solid/substrate sandwich between two mold halves, where the mold contacting the semi-solid polymerizable material has a desired surface geometry; and exposing the semi-solid/substrate sandwich to a source of polymerizing energy. The resulting composite article has the desirable characteristics of the substrate but is also easily fabricated as a result of the semi-solid molding process. Also included within the present invention is a composite article comprising a substrate portion and at least one layer of a cured resin bonded to the substrate portion, the cured resin comprising an interpenetrating crosslinked polymer network of reactive plasticizer within a dead polymer.

Abstract: A continuous process for oligomers which do not contain, as polymerized units, carboxylic acid-containing monomers and their salts, including the steps of: (1) forming a reaction mixture, substantially free of carboxylic acid-containing monomers and their salts, containing: (i) 0.5 to 99.95% by weight of the reaction mixture of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer; and (ii) 0.05 to 25% by weight, based on the weight of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer, of at least one free-radical initiator; and (2) continuously passing the reaction mixture through a heated zone wherein the reaction mixture is maintained at a temperature of at least 150° C. and a pressure of at least 30 bars for from 0.1 seconds to 4 minutes to form terminally-unsaturated oligomers. In addition, processes for forming oligomers of vinyl acetate and oligomers of vinyl alcohol are disclosed. Mixtures of fully saturated and terminally unsaturated oligomers are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for producing a powdered water-soluble polymer comprising hydrolyzing a copolymer comprising an N-vinylamide unit and a vinyl acetate unit while dispersed in water under a basic condition and then washing the resulting powdered water-soluble polymer with at least one washing liquid selected from an alcohol, water at 20° C. or lower, and salt water.

Abstract: A polymer having at least one reactive terminal or pendant functional group that has been capped with a trifunctional olefinic compound. The polymer can be made by contacting a base polymer having at least one reactive terminal or pendant functional group with a trifunctional olefinic compound under conditions effective to react at least one of the terminal or pendant functional groups with the trifunctional olefinic compound. The capped polymers are particularly suitable as crosslinking toughening agents in multi-components compositions such as adhesives, coatings and matrices for composites.

Abstract: Water-permeable, pressure-sensitive adhesives and adhesive constructions are characterized by a MVTR of at least 1,900 g/m2/day and low adhesive edge lift, even after 25 kGy gamma irradiation. The copolymers are formed from a plurality of acrylic monomers, preferably butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, and optionally N-vinyl pyrrolidone.

Abstract: A composition comprises (A) an exopy resin and (B) a vinyl polymer having a reactive functional group selected from the group consisting of an alcoholic hydroxyl, phenolic hydroxyl, amino, amido and carboxyl group prepared by living radical polymerization, particularly the atom transfer radical polymerization of a vinyl polymer having a halogen atom and conversion of the halogen atom to a reactive functional group.

Abstract: A variety of phosphonylated heterochain polymers are disclosed, including, most preferably, phosphonylated polymethyl methacrylate. For each polymeric composition the phosphorous atom of a phosphorous-containing functional group is covalently bonded to a carbon atom of the polymeric chain. The phosphorous atoms are present in an amount of at least about 0.1 percent by weight in each polymeric composition.

Abstract: A resin composition comprising (A) a (meth)acrylic acid ester (B) and an acrylic polymer soluble in the component (A) and further (C) a compound having a mercapto group (—SH) and a carboxyl group (—COOH) in the molecule or an component (C) and (F) an organic amine or an component (F) and (G) a radical trapping agent. The composition is suitably used as a covering material for civil engineering and construction applications.

Abstract: High-density, miniaturized arrays including high surface areas. Arrays described include substrate with a coating of linking agents, as well as arrays with reactants affixed to the substrates. Methods of manufacturing high-density arrays of reactants. The methods include the use of oriented, heat shrink films and elastomeric materials. Methods of functionalizing a substrate with linking agents for subsequent affixation of reactants are also disclosed herein.

Abstract: Ethylene copolymer elastomer compositions, acrylate rubber compositions, nitrile rubber compositions, fluoroelastomer compositions, and chlorinated olefin elastomer compositions are provided which are curable by exposure to UV radiation. The compositions are particularly suited for production of elastomeric seals using hot melt equipment and a gasketing in place technique.

Abstract: The present invention relates to high melt swell partially neutralized alpha olefin acid copolymers. It also relates to a process for making such high melt swell polymers as well as for covalently crosslinking other polar copolymers including non-neutralized acid copolymers and non-polar alpha olefin polymers by using a minor amount of metal acrylate, particularly sodium or zinc acrylate.

Abstract: Crosslinkable polymer compositions are provided which can be in the form of a polymer powder which is redispersible in water or as an aqueous dispersion. The polymer composition is composed of A) a copolymer of one or more comonomers of vinyl esters of straight-chain or branched alkanecarboxylic acids having 1 to 18 C atoms, acrylates or methacrylates of branched or straight-chain alcohols having 1 to 15 C atoms, dienes, olefins, vinylaromatics and vinyl halides, and of from 0.1 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the comonomers, of one or more ethylenically unsaturated comonomers containing epoxide groups, and B) one or more non-copolymerizable compounds having at least two epoxide groups. The invention furthermore relates to a process for the preparation of the crosslinkable polymer compositions and their use in chemical products for the construction industry.

Abstract: The present invention relates to multifunctional macromers, to a method for the manufacture thereof and to their use in unsaturated polyester resins as additives to improve mechanical properties of preparations manufactured thereof. The process for the manufacture of multifunctional macromers comprises the following steps: a) reacting a polycarboxylic acid with 2 to 4 carboxylic groups, preferably 3 to 4 carboxylic groups, with glycidyl (meth)acrylate or allyl glycidyl ether, the amount of glycidyl (meth)acrylate or allyl glycidyl ether being at least one mol of glycidyl (meth)acrylate or allyl glycidyl ether per free carboxylic group of formed macromer, and b) reacting the product from step a) with an unsaturated, aromatic or aliphatic anhydride in an amount sufficient to esterify part or all of the free hydroxyl groups of the product from step a).

Abstract: A polymer having at least one reactive terminal or pendant functional group that has been capped with a trifunctional olefinic compound. The polymer can be made by contacting a base polymer having at least one reactive terminal or pendant functional group with a trifunctional olefinic compound under conditions effective to react at least one of the terminal or pendant functional groups with the trifunctional olefinic compound. The capped polymers are particularly suitable as crosslinking toughening agents in multi-components compositions such as adhesives, coatings and matrices for composites.

Abstract: A thermosetting resin composition for carbon fiber reinforced composite materials of the present invention chiefly comprises (A)2 thermosetting resin such as epoxy resin and a curing agent, and (B)2 compound containing one functional group which can react with thermosetting resin (A) or its curing agent, and a moiety selected from the following formulae (1) to (4) Furthermore, the present invention also relates to a prepreg formed by impregnating reinforcing fiber with the aforesaid resin composition and to carbon fiber reinforced composite materials comprising reinforcing fiber and a cured aforesaid thermosetting resin composition.

Abstract: A polymer having at least one reactive terminal or pendant functional group that has been capped with a trifunctional olefinic compound. The polymer can be made by contacting a base polymer having at least one reactive terminal or pendant functional group with a trifunctional olefinic compound under conditions effective to react at least one of the terminal or pendant functional groups with the trifunctional olefinic compound. The capped polymers are particularly suitable as crosslinking toughening agents in multi-components compositions such as adhesives, coatings and matrices for composites.

Abstract: A polymer having at least one reactive terminal or pendant functional group that has been capped with a trifunctional olefinic compound. The polymer can be made by contacting a base polymer having at least one reactive terminal or pendant functional group with a trifunctional olefinic compound under conditions effective to react at least one of the terminal or pendant functional groups with the trifunctional olefinic compound. The capped polymers are particularly suitable as crosslinking toughening agents in multi-components compositions such as adhesives, coatings and matrices for composites.

Abstract: The preparation and usefulness of polymer-ceramic mixed matrix composite materials comprising one or more organic polymers and a nano sized dispersion of inorganic metal oxide particles throughout the polymer(s) are described. The mixed matrix materials are used as mass transfer agents by fabricating the matrix materials into thin membranes and using them to dehydrate organic streams by pervaporation/vapor permeation separation processes. In addition, mixed matrix gels of similar composition are prepared in a variety of shapes and show a remarkable degree of reversible water absorbing properties. Mechanical and physical properties of the gels, such as extent of swelling in water, can be controlled by controlling the mixed matrix material composition.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel (meth)acrylate ester-based resin composition which, for example, exhibits various good properties such as weather resistance, heat resistance, water resistance, acid resistance, alkali resistance, warm water resistance, impact resistance, processability, flexibility, hardness, elongation, transparency, luster, fleshy property, mirroring property, pigment dispersibility, and driability when being used, for example, as crosslinking type paints, adhesives, pressure sensitive adhesives, and fiber-processing materials, and has so low a resin viscosity as to be utilizable as a resin for coping with environmental pollution of such as low-VOC paints.

Abstract: The invention provides a resin composition comprising a crosslinking silyl-terminated stellar-structure vinyl polymer or a stellar-structure vinyl block copolymer or chain-extended vinyl block copolymer. The invention provides a method of producing a stellar-structure vinyl block copolymer or chain-extended vinyl block copolymer which comprises forming a block copolymer using living radical polymerization and adding a compound having two or more polymerizable carbon-carbon double bonds at the end point of polymerization of the block copolymer.

Abstract: A hydrophilic polymer is denatured with a gaseous denaturant or a powdery denaturant substance made from a liquid denaturant substance. The liquid denaturant substance is made into powders by, for example, a method of mixing the liquid denaturant substance with a water-insoluble compound, a method of cooling the liquid denaturant substance to or below its melting point to turn the same into a solid state. Consequently, the hydrophilic polymer can be denatured uniformly. In case that the hydrophilic polymer is denatured with a gaseous denaturant, the hydrophilic polymer and denaturant react with each other efficiently in a safe manner regardless of the size or shape of the hydrophilic polymer. In case that the hydrophilic polymer is denatured with the powdery denaturant substance, not only the liquid denaturant substance which is substantially in the solid state can be mixed with the hydrophilic polymer, but also the denaturation timing can be readily controlled.

Abstract: Combinations of polymer compounds and hair treatment compositions containing them are described, which have improved film-forming properties and improved hair-fixing properties, particularly increased elasticity of the polymer film or the treated hair. The polymer compound combinations include at least one terpolymer of vinyl pyrrolidone, vinyl caprolactam and basic acryl amide monomer and at least one anionic or anionizable polymer with anionic or anionizable groups.

Abstract: A photochromic compound which by itself develops a color tone of a neutral tint, exhibits a large fading rate and offers a good photochromic light resistance.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for crosslinking copolymers of acrylic esters by converting some of the ester groups to ester or amide groups which contain unsaturation, and then sulfur or peroxide curing the resulting polymers. The resulting crosslinked polymers often have excellent vulcanizate properties, and are useful especially in elastomeric form as seals and gasket.

Abstract: A process is described for reducing the residual monomer content in a liquid solution, mixture, melt, suspension or dispersion of a polymer by postpolymerization with addition of a redox initiator system at a reaction temperature appropriate to it and with an extremely short mixing time of the liquid system in the production reactor by metering—gradually, in portions or continuously—at least one of the redox initiator components required to initiate polymerization of the residual monomers over a period (metering time) which is from about 10 to 250 times the mixing time of the liquid system in said reactor.

Abstract: This invention relates to a gel-free process for making functionalized polymers. When multi-alkali metal initiators are used to make these polymers anionically, the process comprises anionically polymerizing at least one monomer with a multi-alkali metal initiator in a hydrocarbon solvent, capping the polymer by adding to the polymer a capping agent that reacts with the ends of the polymer chains such that strongly associating chain ends are formed wherein a strongly associating gel is formed, and, finally, adding a trialkyl aluminum compound to the gel. The important characteristic of the capping agent herein is that it will cap the living polymer and will add a functional group to the polymer chain end which will be strongly associating in the hydrocarbon solvent.

Abstract: High-density, miniaturized arrays including high surface areas. Arrays described include substrate with a coating of linking agents, as well as arrays with reactants affixed to the substrates. Methods of manufacturing high-density arrays of reactants. The methods include the use of oriented, heat shrink films and elastomeric materials. Methods of functionalizing a substrate with linking agents for subsequent affixation of reactants are also disclosed herein.

Abstract: High-density, miniaturized arrays including high surface areas. Arrays described include substrate with a coating of linking agents, as well as arrays with reactants affixed to the substrates. Methods of manufacturing high-density arrays of reactants. The methods include the use of oriented, heat shrink films and elastomeric materials. Methods of functionalizing a substrate with linking agents for subsequent affixation of reactants are also disclosed herein.

Abstract: A polymer having at least one reactive terminal or pendant functional group that has been capped with a trifunctional olefinic compound. The polymer can be made by contacting a base polymer having at least one reactive terminal or pendant functional group with a trifunctional olefinic compound under conditions effective to react at least one of the terminal or pendant functional groups with the trifunctional olefinic compound. The capped polymers are particularly suitable as crosslinking toughening agents in multi-components compositions such as adhesives, coatings and matrices for composites.

Abstract: A process is described for effectively reducing the residual monomer content of an aqueous polymer dispersion by aftertreatment at atmospheric pressure or above with an initiator system comprising a) a hydroperoxide, hydrogen peroxide or a peracid, and b) an &agr;-hydroxy carboxylic acid, such as tartaric acid, or with a salt thereof.

Abstract: Coating composition for forming a protective film of a colored rubber portion of a tire sidewall and a protective film formed thereby are provided whereby contamination of a colored rubber portion is effectively prevented when transporting or storing tires without troublesome operation such as peeling and removing a film. Such coating composition comprises at least one resin with polymerization degree 200 and above selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl acetate resin, specific vinyl acetate copolymer resin and polyvinyl alcohol, and at least one solvent selected from the group consisting of lower alcohol, water and any combination thereof, a solution viscosity being 300 cps-1000 cps.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a moisture-absorbing and desorbing polymer, characterized in that, the said polymer is an organic high-molecular substance containing 1.0-8.0 meq/g of carboxyl group of a potassium type and having a cross-linking structure.

Abstract: The invention concerns a dispersion powder composition which is redispersible in water and is made from water-insoluble organic polymers, the composition being characterized in that it contains 0.1 to 30% by wt., relative to the weight of the organic polymers, of one or more silicon compounds which are dispersible in water and which have a boiling point at normal pressure of 160 degrees C., selected from the group comprising the silanes, polysilanes, oligosiloxanes, carbosilanes, polycarbosilanes, carbosiloxanes, polycarbosiloxanes and polysilylenedisiloxanes. The invention also concerns methods for manufacturing such compounds and their use.

Abstract: A low molecular weight, telechelic polymer containing polar internal functionality is produced by (a) treating a copolymer of a polar alpha olefin and a conjugated diene with ozone to degrade the copolymer and form polymer segments which have aldehyde or ketone groups on the chain ends, wherein the copolymer has a random distribution of predominantly 1,4-diene double bonds and the pendant functional groups of the polar alpha olefin are stable to ozone, and (b) further reacting the aldehyde or ketone end groups to provide terminal functionality. The terminal functionality which can be provided includes carboxylic acid groups, primary hydroxyl groups, and amide groups.

Abstract: A catayltic process for the hydrogenation of aromatic polymers is disclosed. The catalyst used in the process is a metal or mixture of metals of sub-group VIII of the periodic table together with a support of silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide or a mixture thereof. The catalyst, having pores is characaterized in that the pores having diameters of 100 to 1,000 Å constitute less than 15 percent of the total volume of pores. The hydrogenation, that is carried out in the presence of at least one oxygen-containing hydrocarbon is characterized in that it is essentially complete and without significant degradation of molecular weights.

Abstract: The invention discloses a protective coating solution suitable for forming a resinous protective coating layer on a patterned resist layer in the manufacture of semiconductor devices having, in particular, crowdedly hole-patterned areas and areas of an isolated hole pattern. The essential ingredients of the solution are (A) a resinous compound such as an acrylic resin and (B) a crosslinking compound such as a triazine compound which are combined in such a proportion of 2:8 to 4:6 by weight that the overall weight-average molecular weight of the components (A) and (B) is in the range from 1300 to 4500. This inventive coating solution is advantageous in a respect of evenness in the thickness of the coating layer even on a patterned resist layer having a crowdedly hole-patterned area and an isolatedly hole-patterned area and absence of unfilled voids within the hole patterns.

Abstract: An acrylic rubber comprising at least 0.1 and less than 3 wt % of monomer units of ethylene, from 0 to 10 wt % of monomer units of a cross-linkable monomer, and more than 87 and not more than 99.9 wt % of monomer units of at least one alkyl acrylate.

Abstract: A copolymer containing at least two acrylic copolymers having a specific range of glass transition temperatures is disclosed. The copolymer provides a film having excellent physical properties. The process for forming the copolymer is also disclosed.

Abstract: A variety of phosphonylated heterochain polymers are disclosed, including, most preferably, phosphonylated polymethyl methacrylate. For each polymeric composition the phosphorous atom of a phosphorous-containing functional group is covalently bonded to a carbon atom of the polymeric chain. The phosphorous atoms are present in an amount of at least about 0.1 percent by weight in each polymeric composition.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a cement dispersant having high percentage in water reduction rate and appropriate air-entraining property. This method for producing a polycarboxylic acid for a cement dispersant is characterized in that alkylene oxide is added at a specific temperature range.

Abstract: High-density, miniaturized arrays including high surface areas. Arrays described include substrate with a coating of linking agents, as well as arrays with reactants affixed to the substrates. Methods of manufacturing high-density arrays of reactants. The methods include the use of oriented, heat shrink films and elastomeric materials. Methods of functionalizing a substrate with linking agents for subsequent affixation of reactants are also disclosed herein.

Abstract: Powder coating formulations include as a component thereof a silane formula I: where R1 is a hydrocarbon, acyl, alkylsilyl or alkoxysilyl group; R2 is a monovalent hydrocarbon group; R3 is alkylene, optionally interrupted with one or more ether oxygen atoms; a is 0 or 1; Z is a direct bond or a divalent organic linking group; X is an m-valent organic group or H; and m is 1-20. The silanes are useful as crosslinkers, property modifiers and/or adhesion promoters. Powder adhesives may be similarly formed with silanes of formula I.

Abstract: A thermosetting composition that includes:

Abstract: A process for producing a substantially dry polymer particle powder. A mixture of polymerization reagents is formed from a mixture of at least one monomer source and a solvent selected from the group consisting essentially of water and organic solvents and an initiator source. The mixture of polymerization reagents is sprayed into a heated, controlled atmosphere, forming droplets of the mixture which are allowed to fall through the heated, controlled atmosphere for a sufficient period of time to obtain a desired degree of polymerization. The solvent is continuously evacuated from the atmosphere during the polymerization process.

Abstract: An acrylic elastomer composition comprising a carboxyl group-containing acrylic elastomer and a mercaptobenzimidazole gives sealing materials, etc. having improved compression set characteristics, where a vulcanizing agent-vulcanization accelerater combination such as (1) polyfunctional isocyanate compound and at least one of a guanidine, a quaternary onium salt, a tertiary amine and a tertiary phosphine, and (2) a diamine compound and at least one of a guanidine, 1,8-diazabicyclo[5,4,0]-undecene-7, 1,5-diazabicyclo[4,3,0]nonene-5 and their salts is used as a vulcanization system for the composition.