Abstract: Novel curing agents for synthetic resins containing groups capable of ester formation or amide formation and, optionally polymerizable double bonds which are Michael addition products of monocarboxylic or dicarboxylic acid esters, capable of undergoing Michael addition, with compounds containing at least two double bonds capable of undergoing Michael addition, the two components being reacted in such ratios that the Michael addition product contains at least one ester group capable of transesterification and/or transamidation and at least one polymerizable double bond.

Abstract: A Mannich base of a high molecular weight acrylamide polymer can be made by reacting, in aqueous solution, the polymer with a Mannich base of a low molecular weight compound such as urea. A composition of the polymer and the Mannich base is preferably substantially non-aqueous.

Abstract: There is disclosed a thermosetting resin composition comprising a thermosetting cyanate ester resin composition (A) and a butadiene based copolymer (B)(i) or an epoxy resin-modified butadiene based copolymer (B)(ii), in which said component (B)(i) or (B)(ii) are used for modifying said component (A), component (A) and (B) being as follows;(A) a cyanate ester thermosetting resin composition comprising a cyanate ester compound selected from the group consisting of,(i) a polyfunctional cyanate ester having at least two cyanate group in its molecule,(ii) prepolymer of the cyanate ester of (i),(iii) coprepolymer of the cyanate ester of (i) and an amine, and(iv) mixtures thereof, and optionally adding another thermosetting resin,(B)(i) a butadiene based copolymer comprising a butadienaromatic vinytl monomer copolymer having 0.

Abstract: Cationic polyvinyl alcohol is prepared by blending polyvinyl alcohol under high shear conditions, at 0.degree.-100.degree. C., with a small amount of water, a small excess of base, and a quaternizing agent containing a halohydrin radical and a quaternary ammonium group. The quaternization proceeds with acceptable conversions of about 35 to well over 50%. The quaternized polyvinyl alcohol has many applications, including use as a flocculating agent, as a stabilizing colloid, and in adhesive formulations.

Abstract: Novel structural adhesive compositions for metal-bonding applications. The adhesives comprise olefinic-terminated liquid rubbers which are reacted with monoisocyanate compounds. The compositions according to the present invention are especially useful in formulating ambient temperature curable structural adhesive compositions.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for polymerizing acrylic monomers and possibly non-acrylic co-monomers by means of polymerization-initiating agents of the formula:R--M (I)in which M represents a metal selected among the alkaline and alkaline-earth metals and R represents an alkyl radical, which may have a straight or branched chain and contains 2 to 6 carbon atoms, or an aryl radical.The polymerization or copolymerization is effected in the presence of an additive consisting of a salt of an alkaline or alkaline-earth metal and of a mineral acid, such as lithium chloride.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for preparing a water-absorbing resin which comprises the steps of mixing powder of an inorganic inactive substance with a water-absorbing resin having carboxylate-containing monomer units, and adding water and a high molecular-weight cross-linking agent to the mixture to perform cross-linking reaction and evaporation of water, the cross-linking agent being selected from a specified copolymer (1) and a specified mixture of copolymers (2), and also provides a water-absorbing resin prepared by the process.The process of the invention gives water-absorbing resins improved not only in water-absorbing ability, rate of water absorption, gel strength after water absorption and unlikelihood of affording a wetty feeling after water absorption but also in capability of retaining water under pressure.

Abstract: Anticoagulant products are constituted by polymers (homopolymers or copolymers) including in their chain substitutable groups on which are fixed statistically, groups X and/or Y and/or V, where X denotes the group --SO.sub.3 R.sub.1 or --R.sub.3 --SO.sub.3 R.sub.1, R.sub.1 being a hydrogen atom or a physiologically compatible metal, R.sub.3 being a --CH.sub.2 --CO--NH--R.sub.4 group in which R.sub.4 represensts an alkyl aryl or alkylaryl radical, which may or may not be substituted, or substituted or unsubstituted --CH.sub.2 --; Y denotes the group --SO.sub.2 --R.sub.2 or --R.sub.3 --SO.sub.2 --R.sub.2, R.sub.2 being the residue of an amino acid connected to the --SO.sub.2 bridge through its amine function and V denotes the group --CH.sub.2 --CO--NH--CHR--COOH, R being the side chain of an amino acid it being understood that: (a) if X is --SO.sub.3 R.sub.1 it is necessarily accompanied by Y and/or by V, and (b) V is always accompanied by X and/by Y.

Abstract: Coupling agents of general formula ##STR1## and their use in a method for the termination of living polymers obtained by the anionic polymerization of dienic and/or vinylaromatic monomers.

Abstract: Novel polymeric compounds of the repeating structural unit (I) ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 is hydrogen, 0.degree., CN, cyanomethyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.12 -alkenyl or C.sub.3 -C.sub.12 -alkynyl subject to the proviso that the carbon atom attached to the nitrogen atom is a primary carbon atom, C.sub.7 -C.sub.12 -aralkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -acyl, 2,3-epoxypropyl or C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 -alkyl substituted by OH, R.sub.2 is C.sub.2 -C.sub.18 -alkylene, C.sub.4 -C.sub.18 -alkylene substituted by 1 or 2 oxygen or nitrogen atoms in the chain, C.sub.5 -C.sub.18 -cycloalkylene, C.sub.6 -C.sub.18 -arylene or C.sub.8 -C.sub.18 -aralkylene, R.sub.3 is as defined for R.sub.2 or is a group of the formula (II) or (III) ##STR2## in which R.sub.4 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl and R.sub.5 is C.sub.2 -C.sub.12 -alkylene, C.sub.4 -C.sub.12 -alkenylene subject to the proviso that the carbon atom attached to the nitrogen atom is a primary carbon atom, or is C.sub.8 -C.sub.

Abstract: Olefin polymers are degraded in molecular weight in the presence of a free radical initiator under an inert blanket. The degradation preferably is carried out under high shearing stress and/or a high temperature in order to increase the degradation. The degradation may be separate from, overlap, or occur simultaneously with further derivatization of the polymer.

Abstract: Melt-processible tetrafluoroethylene/perfluoroolefin copolymer granules, and process for their preparation, are disclosed having improved thermal stability, high purity and reduced bubble tendency.

Abstract: Double bonds in saturated fluoroelastomers consisting of copolymers of vinylidene fluoride with hexafluoropropene and/or chlorotrifluoroethylene, and optionally tetrafluoroethylene, are obtained by reacting the polymer in a solution of a water-insoluble solvent in the presence of an aqueous phase, an inorganic base, and a phase-transfer catalyst.

Abstract: A thermosetting powder coating composition which has good handling properties and which has a good blend of physical properties such as appearance, flexibility, hardness, solvent resistance, corrosion resistance and exterior durability is disclosed. The composition comprises a co-reactable particulate mixture of an acid group-containing acrylic polymer; an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid containing from 4 to 20 carbon atoms per molecule and/or a polymeric polyanhydride and a beta-hydroxyalkylamide crosslinking agent.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing high polymer, e.g. polytetrafluoroethylene, can easily and efficiently be converted into a wax-like lower molecular weight polymer by contact reaction of the high polymer with a gas comprising a fluorinating agent, which is selected from molecular fluorine, nitrogen-fluorine compounds represented by NF.sub.3, halogen fluorides represented by ClF.sub.3 and fluorides of rare gas elements represented by XeF.sub.2, at a temperature in the range from 250.degree. to 550.degree. C.

Abstract: Chemical modification of crystalline poly-1,6-di-(N-carbazolyl)-2,4-hexadiyne is disclosed. There is provided a chlorinated poly-1,6-di-(N-carbazolyl)-2,4-hexadiyne having at least 12 chlorine atoms per repeat unit. The chlorinated poly-1,6-di-(N-carbazolyl)-2,4-hexadiyne of the invention is characterized by a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum including peaks at about 745.+-.5, 798.+-.5, and 851.+-.5 cm.sup.-1. There is also provided a nitrated poly-1,6-di-(N-carbazolyl)-2,4-hexadiyne having at least 2 nitro groups per repeat unit. The nitrated poly-1,6-di-(N-carbazolyl)-2,4-hexadiyne of the invention is characterized by an FTIR spectrum including absorption at about 1511.+-.5, 1342.+-.5, 794.+-.5, 751.+-.5, and 718.+-.5 cm.sup.-1.

Abstract: Chemical modification of crystalline poly-1,6-di-(N-carbazolyl)-2,4-hexadiyne is disclosed. There is provided a chlorinated poly-1,6-di-(N-carbazolyl)-2,4-hexadiyne having at least 12 chlorine atoms per repeat unit. The chlorinated poly-1,6-di-(N-carbazolyl)-2,4-hexadiyne of the invention is characterized by a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum including peaks at about 745.+-.5, 798.+-.5, and 851.+-.5 cm.sup.-1. There is also provided a nitrated poly-1,6-di-(N-carbazolyl)-2,4-hexadiyne having at least 2 nitro groups per repeat unit. The nitrated poly-1,6-di-(N-carbazolyl)-2,4-hexadiyne of the invention is characterized by an FTIR spectrum including absorption at about 1511.+-.5, 1342.+-.5, 794.+-.5, 751.+-.5, and 718.+-.5 cm.sup.-1.

Abstract: Polymers of 4-acetoxystyrene are hydrolyzed by methanolysis with quaternary ammonium hydroxides to poly-p-vinylphenol. Such polymers are useful in photoresists and in the manufacture of metal treatment compositions.

Abstract: Poly(allylamine salts) of high polymerization degree is obtained in high yield by the polymerization of monoallylamine salt with a specified radical-polymerization initiator having in the molecule an azo group. Various poly(allylamine) derivatives are obtained by reacting said poly(allylamine salt) with acrylic compounds, or formic acid and formaldehyde.

Abstract: A method for modifying a rubber having unsaturated bonds, characterized by reacting said rubber with (a) an organic compound (I) having a group represented by the formula --CH.dbd.N-- and (b) an organic acid halide (II) having a group represented by the formula --COX (X is a halogen atom), in the place of a Lewis acid.

Abstract: According to the invention, a method for modifying a polyfumaric acid diester is provided. The method comprises subjecting the polyfumaric acid diester to thermal treatment to thereby obtain a polyfumarate having carboxyl groups. The polyfumaric acid diester is obtained by polymerizing a fumaric acid diester represented by the following general formula of: ##STR1## wherein R represents an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms or an organic residue having at least one aromatic ring.

Abstract: Method of promoting the cure of unsaturated polyester resins with a peroxide initiator at room or below room temperatures (low temperatures) by including as a promoter N,N-dimethyl-p-toluidine (DMPT) or a blend of DMPT and N,N-dimethyl-m-toluidine (DMMT) and to the polyester composition containing such promoter. The use of the DMPT or blend of DMPT and DMMT as a promoter provides a fast cure at low temperatures without loss of physical properties of the cured resins.

Abstract: The process for preparing novel monomers and polymers by reaction of a bicyclic amide acetal with an imide compound at a temperature in the range of from about 0.degree. C. to 250.degree. C. is disclosed.

Abstract: Magnetic polymer particles prepared by treating compact or porous polymer particles with a solution of iron salts and, if desired, salts of other metals which are capable of forming magnetic ferrites, in which the solution swells or penetrates into the particles. Iron hydroxide and other metal hydroxides, if employed, are precipitated, e.g. by raising the pH value, and the particles are optionally heated. In the iron salts used, the ratio between di- and trivalent iron is suitably such that magnetic iron oxide is formed directly. It is also possible to use oxidizing or reducing groups or additives to obtain such a ratio. When other metal salts are used in addition to iron salts, the operation is carried out in the same manner. For instance, when Mn.sup.++, Co.sup.++ or Ni.sup.++ salts are used in addition to Fe.sup.++ salts, the divalent iron is oxidized to trivalent so that magnetic ferrite is obtained. The polymer particles which are treated with metal salts preferably contain metal-binding groups.

Abstract: A thermoplastic molding composition which comprises a blend of:(A) a copolymer having recurring units of a monoalkenyl aromatic monomer and recurring units of an .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic anhydride N-substituted imide, and(B) a hydrogenated elastomeric block copolymer having at least one substantially completely hydrogenated diene polymer mid block and at least two monoalkenyl arene polymer end blocks in which at least a portion of the arene groups contained in the end blocks are substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of nitro, cyano and trifluoromethanesulfonyl.

Abstract: A process for modifying a polymer of a conjugated diene, which comprises reacting a polymer of a conjugated diene containing at least one metal selected from alkali metals and alkaline earth metals with a compound having a linkage of the following formula ##STR1## wherein X represents an oxygen or sulfur atom, in the molecule.

Abstract: Michael addition products of monocarboxylic or dicarboxylic acid esters, capable of undergoing Michael addition, with compounds containing double bonds capable of undergoing Michael addition are suitable for use as a curing component for synthetic resins containing groups capable of amide formation and/or ester formation with carboxylic acids. In particular, the Michael addition products of acetoacetic esters or malonic esters with esters, amides or urea derivatives of .alpha., .beta.-unsaturated monocarboxylic or dicarboxylic acids are used. The structure and the functionality of the curing component can be varied in many ways. It can be attached directly to the synthetic resin molecule, so that self-curing synthetic resins are obtained.

Abstract: The use of a cyclic compound containing a ##STR1## group, i.e., methone, has been found to allow a poor acrylamide or acrylic acid or 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid and its salts monomer to be polymerized to a polymer having improved performance characteristics and/or improved rates of polymerization. Optionally, urea is added with the methone.

Abstract: A process for making a diene copolymer rubber having improved rebound, which comprises polymerizing a conjugated diene monomer with an aromatic vinyl monomer in a hydrocarbon solvent in the presence of an alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal initiator, to form a dienyl-metal terminated, conjugated diene-aromatic vinyl copolymer rubber, and thereafter reacting the copolymer rubber with at least one reactant selected from the group consisting of aminoaldehydes, aminoketones, aminothioaldehydes and aminothioketones.

Abstract: Novel copolymers of acrylic acid and cyanoethylacrylate, and the use of such copolymers as primers for bonding metal-containing coatings to organic polymer substrates, are disclosed. The copolymers of the present invention may be linear or crosslinked, may further comprise hydroxyethylacrylate, and are preferably of low molecular weight when used in solution as a primer.

Abstract: A small-globular crosslinked polymer of monoallylamine swellable but insoluble in water can be obtained by crosslinking a part of the amino groups of a monoallylamine polymer with formaldehyde or a compound having, in its molecule, at least two functional groups reactive with primary amino group.

Abstract: There is disclosed herein an amide-containing hydroxyethyl carbamate and a coating composition comprising same. The preparation thereof entails the reaction of an amidoamine and a cyclic organic carbonate.

Abstract: A method for easily, inexpensively and efficiently producing an improved water-absorbent resin having a high water absorbency and a high water absorption rate and capable of forming a gel having a high gel strength and nonstickiness, in which water-absorbent resin particles which contain water and a crosslinking agent and are in the semi-swollen state are agitated at an elevated temperature in the presence of an inert inorganic powder to conduct the crosslinking of the resin, while removing water, the water-absorbent resin containing a monomer units having a carboxyl group in the form of free acid or a metal salt.

Abstract: A process for producing a curable resin liquid comprising: (a) at least one cyanate ester compound and (b) at least one polyfunctional maleimide compound, characterized in that the process comprises:(A) reacting at least one said maleimide compound with said diamine in the presence of a diluent at a temperature of 60.degree.-200.degree. C., the ratio of the maleimide group to the amine group being in the range of from 1:0.0015 to 1:0.3 to form a preliminary reaction product substantially free from amine group; and(B) mixing said preliminary reaction product with at least one cyanate ester compound ratio by weight of said preliminary reaction product to said cyanate ester compound is disclosed.

Abstract: The green strength of synthetic elastomers is improved by forming copolymers from at least one type of various synthetic elastomer forming monomers with a hydroxyl containing monomer having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are either hydrogen or a methyl group and R.sub.4 is an alkyl group having 1-10 carbon atoms and A is a methylene or carbonyl group. The green strength is further improved if a small amount of a hydroxyl ester cross-linking agent is utilized.

Abstract: A biologically active latex conjugate prepared by the acidification of latex particles of a core/shell polymer having acetal groups in the shell, whereby said acetal groups are converted to aldehyde groups, and then bonding a biologically active substance having an amino group to said aldehyde groups by reductive amination.

Abstract: A coating composition adapted to adhere to a chrome surface is disclosed in which a solvent soluble hydroxy-functional acrylic copolymer, including a copolymerized tertiary amine monomer in an amount of from 5% to 40% of the weight of the copolymer, is combined with an organic polyisocyanate curing agent for the soluble copolymer, this composition containing the copolymer and the polyisocyanate curing agent in amounts to provide an equivalent ratio of NCO:OH of from 1.2:1 to 0.5:1. The two components are provided as a two package system which is mixed prior to application.

Abstract: A curable rubber composition composed of a halogen-containing rubber and at least one member selected from the group consisting of a vulcanizing agent and a vulcanization accelerator other than thiazole-type vulcanization accelerators is cured under heat in the presence of, as an acid acceptor, a calcinated product of a hydrotalcite compound of the following formulaM.sub.x.sup.2+ Al.sub.2 (OH).sub.2x+6-nz (A.sup.n-).sub.z.mH.sub.2 O (1)wherein M.sup.2+ represents at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of Mg and Zn, A.sup.n- represents an anion having a valence of n, m represents a positive number, and x and z represent positive numbers satisfying the following expressions12>x.gtoreq.2,z.ltoreq.2.The cured product has improved water resistance.

Abstract: A new copolymer polyamide resin having very low water absorption which comprises copolymerized therein 99 to 5 parts by weight of polyamide polymeric component having at least one kind of repeating unit represented by the formula (1) or (2) below and 1 to 95 parts by weight of polyolefin component having an average molecular weight of 500 to 10,000, both terminals of said polyolefin being carboxylic acid groups, amino groups, or hydroxyl groups.--NH(CH.sub.2).sub.n CO-- (1)(where n is an integer from 5 to 11.)--NHXNHCOYCO-- (2)(where X is C.sub.m H.sub.2m (m is an integer from 6 to 12), isophorone group, phenylene group, or cyclohexylene group; and Y is C.sub.1 H.sub.2l (l is an integer from 4 to 10), phenylene group, or cyclohexylene group.) The resin can be used to make moldings, adhesives and coatings.

Abstract: The invention comprises of an anionic polyelectrolyte hydrogel reversibly cross-linked with a polyvalent metal cation having a valence of at least two. This hydrogel may be combined with a removal agent for imparting delayed swelling characteristics when contacted with a water-containing fluid. The delayed swelling allows the water-containing fluid to penetrate or permeate the system before swelling is initiated, thereby providing enhanced wetting prior to the onset of swelling and alleviating gel blockage.

Abstract: New compositions of matter are disclosed which comprise (1) a copolymer of an ethylenically unsaturated aromatic cyanate and a polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated compound which is free of cyanate groups or mixture thereof, (2) optionally a polycyanate or mixture thereof and/or (3) an epoxy resin.

Abstract: The invention is clay based water drilling or completion muds with low viscosity and exceptional stability at elevated temperatures of up to 200.degree. C. The muds are characterized by containing from 1 to 10 grams per liter of a low molecular weight polymer or copolymer having functional groups wherein from 2 to 95% of the functional groups consist independently of hydroxamic or thiohydroxamic groups. The mud composition comprises (a) fresh water, water containing electrolytes such as sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, or seawater; (b) clay, chosen to suit the saline concentration of the water and to provide the necessary properties; and (c) one or more viscosity increasing materials.

Abstract: A conductive polymer composite system is made by dissolving an electron dting polymer and a simple or complex N-methylphenazinium TCNQ salt in a mutual solvent and casting a film of the resulting solution on a suitable substrate.

Abstract: Oil soluble viscosity index improving ethylene copolymers, such as copolymers of ethylene and propylene; and ethylene, propylene and diolefin; etc., are reacted or grafted with ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid moieties, preferably maleic anhydride moieties, and reacted with polyamines having two or more primary amine groups and a carboxylic acid component, preferably alkylene polyamine and alkenyl succinic anhydride such as polyisobutenyl succinic anhydride. Or the grafted ethylene copolymer can be reacted with already formed salts, amides, imides, etc. of said polyamine and acid component, preferably imides of alkylene polyamine and alkenyl succinic anhydride. These reactions can permit the incorporation of varnish inhibition and dispersancy into the ethylene copolymer while inhibiting cross-linking with resulting viscosity increase, haze or gelling.

Abstract: The present invention relates to macromolecular compositions crosslinked by a novel bridge having the formula --NR.sup.x --CH.dbd.N--CO--. This novel bridge is obtained by reacting a macro-molecule, preferably a polymer, having at least two amidocarbonyl groups with a compound having at least two formylamido groups in an aqueous medium under highly acidic conditions. The crosslinking bridge formed by the reaction of this invention is produced in accord with the following formula: ##STR1## Compositions containing macromolecules having at least two amidocarbonyl groups and a compound having at least two formylamido groups can act as viscosifying or gelling agents for aqueous acids where when added to aqueous acids, crosslinking occurs. Acids gelled in this manner have important use in the recovery of oil and natural gas from subterranean formations.

Abstract: An addition polymerizable UV stabilizer is prepared by reacting an isocyanatoalkyl ester of an addition polymerizable carboxylic acid (such as 2-isocyanatoethyl methacrylate) with an UV stabilization functionality bearing an active hydrogen moiety which is reactive with the isocyanate (such as 2-hydroxy-4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)benzophenone).

Abstract: The present invention relates to macromolecular compositions crosslinked by a novel bridge having the formula --NR.sup.x --CH.dbd.N--CO--. This novel bridge is obtained by reacting a macro-molecule, preferably a polymer, having at least two amidocarbonyl groups with a compound having at least two formylamido groups in an aqueous medium under highly acidic conditions. The crosslinking bridge formed by the reaction of this invention is produced in accord with the following formula: ##STR1## Compositions containing macromolecules having at least two amidocarbonyl groups and a compound having at least two formylamido groups can act as viscosifying or gelling agents for aqueous acids where when added to aqueous acids, crosslinking occurs. Acids gelled in this manner have important use in the recovery of oil and natural gas from subterranean formations.

Abstract: Polymeric compounds which have recurring ##STR1## units, wherein X is N or O, R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are hydrogens or lower alkyls and R.sub.4 is ##STR2## and aromatic amine or an aromatic hydrazine which provides X as N. These polymers provide active methylene groups which serve as points of attachment for organic groups-particularly azo functionality-containing groups. These azo links can be cleaved by bacteria in the mammalian lower bowel, thereby releasing the corresponding amino groups. This mechanism can effect programmed delivery of pharmaceutically desirable species to the lower bowel.

Abstract: New compositions of matter are disclosed which comprise (1) a cyanate-containing polymer or mixture thereof and optionally (2) a polycyanate or mixture thereof and/or (3) an epoxy resin. These compositions are thermosettable upon heating in the presence of suitable curing agents or catalysts.

Abstract: Carburetor detergency properties of hydrocarbon fuels are provided by nitrogen-containing organic compound-grafted, hydrogenated conjugated diene-monovinylarene copolymers.