Abstract: An intermediate for use in a polyblend consisting essentially of a copolymer of monoalkenyl aromatic monomer such as styrene and a ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer such as acrylonitrile surface grafted onto rubber which is dispersed in a matrix copolymer of the graft copolymer monomers, the dispersed phase being monomodal in particle size distribution and the weight percent of surface-grafted nitrile monomer being less by at least 2% than the weight percent nitrile monomer in the matrix. This intermediate with mismatched nitrile monomer can be blended with another rubber graft copolymer of different particle size dispersed in ungrafted matrix which contains matched nitrile monomer in the surface graft and matrix to provide a polyblend having properties at least equivalent to those obtained by blending two rubber graft copolymers of different particle size dispersed in a matrix which each contain matched nitrile monomer levels in the surface graft and matrix.

Abstract: Polyphenylene ether compositions having enhanced commercial value as engineering resin, which are excellent in the appearance characteristics, such as surface gloss and weld part beauty, and stress crack resistance. The present resin composition is composed of a polyether resin (PPE) and a rubber reinforced high impact polystyrene (HIPS), if desired, together with a vinyl aromatic compound resin, wherein the PPE has specific characteristics with respect to the intrinsic viscosity, the eluting amount, and others.

Abstract: The impact resistance of resin compositions consisting of a thermoplastic polymer, particularly a homopolymer or copolymer of vinyl chloride can be improved by an impact additive of the graft copolymer type. The graft copolymer impact additive consists of a backbone composed of a statistical copolymer of butadiene or isoprene, an alkyl acrylate of a C.sub.2 to C.sub.12 alkyl, and optionally a polyfunctional cross-linking agent, onto which are grafted the chains of a statistical copolymer of an alkyl methacrylate of a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl, particularly methyl methacrylate, and an alkyl acrylate of a C.sub.1 to C.sub.8 alkyl, particularly ethyl acrylate. The backbone of the graft copolymer impact additive comprises 0.5-35% by weight butadiene or isoprene, and up to 10 mole % of the cross-linking agent, while the graft chains of the graft copolymer comprise 5 to 50 mole % of the alkyl acrylate of a C.sub.1 to C.sub.

Abstract: A novel thermoplastic polymer composition comprises a blend of a polyolefin graft polymer and a copolymer of acrylonitrile and styrene modified with a base polymer such as an acrylic polymer, a chlorinated polyethylene, or a terpolymer of styrene, acrylonitrile and a polyene modifier.

Abstract: A novel methacrylate-based composition is disclosed. The composition is preferably used as an adhesive. The composition comprises an acrylate-based or methacrylate-based ester monomer, a catalyst, a chlorinated or chlorosulfonated polyethylene polymer resin and a graft co-polymer resin. The chlorinated polyethylene polymer resin used includes organic sulfonyl chloride. The composition preferably further includes an acrylate-based or methacrylate-based acid monomer, and a catalyst activator. A preferred chlorosulfonated polyethylene polymer resin contains about 43 weight percent chlorine, about 1.1 weight percent sulfur, and about 34 millimoles sulfonyl chloride moiety per 100 grams thereof. Preferred graft co-polymer resins are ABS, MBS, MABS, ASA, all-acrylic, SA EPDM and MAS. More-preferred graft co-polymer resins are MABS, ASA, all-acrylic and MBS. Most-preferred graft co-polymer resins are MABS and ASA. A preferred methacrylate-based acid monomer is methacrylic acid.

Abstract: Graft polymers are prepared by reacting an ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable monomer with a polymer of an olefin of 2 to about 8 carbon atoms in a process wherein the olefin polymer is substantially insoluble in the monomer but is capable of absorbing the monomer. In a preferred aspect, a vinyl halide polyolefin graft polymer is produced by reacting a solid polyolefin particle with a vinyl halide monomer in which the polyolefin is substantially insoluble, but is capable of absorbing the monomer. The solid particles can be contacted with the monomer in one step or in stages. When the stage-wise reaction is contined until the proportion of polyolefin in the polymer product is about 2 to about 20 weight percent, the resulting product can be formed to a transparent or translucent article.

Abstract: A thermoplastic resin composition consists essentially of (A) 100 parts by weight of a rubber-containing styrene type resin and (B) 1 to 45 parts by weight of a polymeric substance selected from the group consisting of a homopolymer of an acrylic acid ester, copolymers of an acrylic acid ester, and a mixture of these polymers, said component (B) having a solubility parameter of from 8.4 to 9.8 (cal/c.c.).sup.1/2, a glass transition temperature of 20.degree. C. or below, a gel content of 70% by weight or below, and relative viscosity of a substance soluble in methylethyl ketone of 20 or below.

Abstract: A novel thermoplastic polymer composition comprises a blend of a high impact vinyl halide polymer, particularly a vinyl halide-polyolefin graft polymer, and a copolymer of styrene and acrylonitrile modified with a base polymer such as an acrylic rubber or chlorinated polyethylene.

Abstract: Thermoplastic molding compositions comprising, in intimate admixture, 10 to 90 weight percent of polyethylene terephthalate and from 90 to 10 percent of a copolymer of a vinyl aromatic compound and an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated cyclic anhydride. These compositions display desirable thermal properties, particularly elevated heat distortion temperatures.

Abstract: This invention relates to thermoplastic moulding compositions of vinyl chloride polymers, certain graft polymers, certain resin-like copolymer additives and certain rubber-like copolymers for the production of films having improved resistance to ageing.

Abstract: Aromatic hydrocarbon resins having a number-average molecular weight of 500-2,500 and containing, in particular, units derived from styrene and/or from its higher homologs, are acylated with vinylketone groups RR'C.dbd.CR"--CO-- grafted onto the aromatic nuclei of the said resin, said resin further containing from 10 to 90 mol %, and preferably from 30 to 60 mol %, of units derived from indene and/or from its higher homologs, and containing from 0.02 to 0.07 grafted vinylketone group per aromatic nucleus.The resultant acylated resins are either polymerized anionically to polymers having a weight-average molecular weight ranging from 10.sup.4 to 2.10.sup.7, or are copolymerized with a living polymer such as polymethyl methacrylate.

Abstract: Polymer alloys containing copolymers of methylmethacrylate/N-phenylmaleimide are disclosed. In one embodiment the polymer alloy is an alloy of methylmethacrylate/N-phenylmaleimide and styrene/maleic anhydride. In another embodiment, the polymer alloy is an alloy of methylmethacrylate/N-phenylmaleimide and styrene/maleic anhydride/N-phenylmaleimide.

Abstract: An intermediate for use in a polyblend consisting essentially of a copolymer of monoalkenyl aromatic monomer such as styrene and a ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer such as acrylonitrile surface grafted onto rubber which is dispersed in a matrix copolymer of the graft copolymer monomers, the dispersed phase being monomodal in particle size distribution and the weight percent of surface-grafted nitrile monomer being less by at least 2% than the weight percent nitrile monomer in the matrix. This intermediate with mismatched nitrile monomer can be blended with another rubber graft copolymer of different particle size dispersed in ungrafted matrix which contains matched nitrile monomer in the surface graft and matrix to provide a polyblend having properties at least equivalent to those obtained by blending two rubber graft copolymers of different particle size dispersed in a matrix which each contain matched nitrile monomer levels in the surface graft and matrix.

Abstract: A graft-modified copolymer having a melt flow rate of 0.01 to 100 g/10 min at a temperature of 230.degree. C. under a load of 2160 g. The graft-modified copolymer is prepared by grafting (a) 100 parts by weight of low crystalline or amorphous ethylene-alpha-olefin copolymer having an ethylene content of 40 to 93 mole%, a melt flow rate of 0.1 to 50 g/10 min at a temperature of 230.degree. C. under a load of 2160 g, and a density of 0.90 g/cm.sup.3 or less with (b) 0.3 to 50 parts by weight of a styrene-type hydrocarbon. This graft-modified copolymer is suitable for use as a compounding agent for improving the impact resistance of styrene-type polymers without decreasing the surface hardness, weathering resistance, and molding properties thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of an object from a granular ABS polymer composition, said composition comprising a mixture ofI 10-98 parts by weight of one or more graft copolymers obtained by polymerizing a mixture of one or more unsaturated nitriles and one or more vinylaromatic compounds in the presence of a rubber.II 2-90 parts by weight of a copolymer of one or more unsaturated nitriles and one or more vinylaromatic compounds, andIII 0-20 parts by weight of one or more additives, wherein the polymer composition is melted, homogenized, and extruded or injection molded into an object.To improve the flow properties of the mixture introduced into the processing equipment and the throughput of this equipment the invention is characterized in that the ratio between the average particle size (by weight) of the copolymer II to the average particle size (by weight) of the graft copolymer I exceeds 1.5.

Abstract: Mass graft copolymerization carried out in an extrusion passageway having a sealing zone to prevent back flow of grafting material introduced to the extrusion passageway downstream of the sealing zone.

Abstract: A polyblend exhibiting high heat distortion temperatures, high impact strength, good processability, and which can be made in a substantially transparent form is produced from (a) 80-20 percent of a rubber-modified vinyl chloride resin, prepared by polymerization of vinyl chloride in the presence of 2-20 percent of a rubber; and (b) 20-80 percent of a rubber-modified copolymer or terpolymer of a vinyl aromatic monomer, such as styrene, an unsaturated dicarboxylic anhydride, such as maleic anhydride, an optional third monomer such as methyl methacrylate or acrylonitrile, prepared by polymerizing the monomers in the presence of 5-25 percent of one or more rubbers; and (c) optionally 0 to 10 percent of an ungrafted rubber, such as a block copolymer of 1,3-butadiene and styrene; and/or 0-35 percent of a graft copolymer of rubber, styrene, and methyl methacrylate or acrylonitrile.

Abstract: A polyblend of (a) 80-20 percent of a rubber-modified vinyl chloride resin, prepared by polymerization of vinyl chloride in the presence of 2 to 20 percent of a rubber, and (b) 20-80 percent of copolymers or terpolymers of a vinyl aromatic monomer, such as styrene, an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid anhydride, such as maleic anhydride, and an optional third monomer such as methyl methacrylate or acrylonitrile, and (c) optionally 0-15 percent of an ungrafted rubber such as a block copolymer of 1,3-butadiene and styrene; and/or 0-35 percent of a graft copolymer of rubber, styrene, and methyl methacrylate or acrylonitrile. The polyblends have high heat distortion temperatures, high impact strength, good processability, and can be made in a substantially transparent form.

Abstract: Composites of matter having properties that make them strong adhesives to various substrates, especially to polar substrates. These adhesive blends comprise medium density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene and a high density polyethylene grafted with or containing in its main chain unsaturated or saturated carboxylic acids or derivatives. The disclosure also includes composite structures having one or more substrates with the adhesive blend adhered thereto and to methods of making these composites.

Abstract: A thermoplastic resin composition having high heat resistance coupled with high impact resistance is obtained by combining a predominant amount of (A) a copolymer of methyl methacrylate, acrylonitrile, 2-isopropenylnaphthalene and .alpha.-methylstyrene, and (B) a graft copolymer of methyl methacrylate, optionally with styrene and acrylonitrile, on a butadiene rubber.

Abstract: Molding compositions are prepared from blends of (A) thermoplastic polynorbornene nitrile polymers; (B) styrene/maleic anhydride polymers; (C) at least one of the polymers selected from the group consisting of ABS polymers, MBS polymers, and styrene/acrylonitrile polymers. Component B, the styrene/maleic anhydride polymer may optionally contain a termonomer such as methylmethacrylate or acrylonitrile and a rubber component.

Abstract: A thermoplastic resin composition improved in weld strength which comprises (A) a polycarbonate resin and (B) a rubber modified copolymer with (C) an epoxy group-containing olefin copolymer.

Abstract: This invention relates to graft rubbers obtained by the radical polymerization of one or more vinyl-group-containing monomers in the presence of at least one rubber, the polymerization reaction being carried out in the presence of from 0.001 to 1.0% by weight (based on solid graft product) of at least one compound corresponding to the following formula (I): ##STR1## in which X=CL or NO.sub.2Y.sup.1, Y.sup.2 =H, C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -alkyl, NO.sub.2, F, Cl, Br, and to the use of the graft rubbers according to the invention for the production of rubber-modified thermoplastic moulding compositions.

Abstract: A laminate having at least two layers, one of which comprises an AES graft copolymer composition, the other layer being a rigid foamed plastic.

Abstract: A thermoplastic molding material contains 50-90% by weight of a hard component A comprising one or more copolymers of styrene and/or .alpha.-methylstyrene with acrylonitrile, and 50-10% by weight of a graft copolymer B comprising 40-80% by weight of a crosslinked acrylate polymer which has a mean particle size greater than 0.8 .mu.m (d.sub.50 value of the cumulative mass distribution) and onto which 20-60% by weight of a mixture of styrene and acrylonitrile in a weight ratio of from 88:12 to 65:35 is grafted.The novel molding material is used for the production of moldings.

Abstract: A propylene composition having a notably improved high-impact strength and elongation at break, with a relatively slight reduction in rigidity is provided, which composition is a high-impact polypropylene composition comprising 60 to 95 parts by weight of polypropylene and 40 to 5 parts by weight of a chlorinated polyolefin having styrene graft-polymerized thereon.

Abstract: A thermoplastic resin composition with excellent color development which comprises (A) a graft polymer comprising an ethylene-propylene elastomeric polymer and units of at least two kinds of monomers chosen from aromatic vinyl compounds, vinyl cyanide compounds and other copolymerizable monomers grafted thereon, and if necessary, (A') a copolymer comprising units of at least two kinds of monomers chosen from aromatic vinyl compounds, vinyl cyanide compounds and other copolymerizable monomers in an amount of not more than 95% by weight based on the combined weight of the graft polymer (A) and the copolymer (A'), with (B) a methyl methacrylate polymer, the proportion of the combined weight of the graft polymer (A) and the copolymer (A') and the weight of the methyl methacrylate polymer being from 5:95 to 95:5.

Abstract: Polyacrylate-containing elastomers, having improved tensile strength and hardness upon vulcanization, comprise blends containing about 35 to 65 percent, by weight, of a sulfur-vulcanizable graft elastomer having a major proportion of ethyl acrylate and a minor proportion of an ethylenically unsaturated comonomer which contains a cure-site for sulfur vulcanization, grafted onto an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and about 65 to 35 percent, by weight, of a sulfur-vulcanizable polyacrylate elastomer.

Abstract: A polymer blend capable of being molded to an impact resistant, article which comprises a vinyl halide homopolymer or copolymer, a conventional impact resistant enhancing polymer agent for polyvinyl halide wherein the monomer units consist essentially of acrylonitrile, 1,3-butadiene and styrene residues and a thermoplastic block elastomer wherein the essential and predominant monomer units are the residue of a mono-alkenyl aromatic hydrocarbon and the residue of an alkadiene hydrocarbon. The thermoplastic elastomer is normally incompatible with the vinyl halide polymer or copolymer. The vinyl halide polymer or copolymer constitutes the major proportion of said blend and the block and methacrylate polymers together constitute a minor proportion of the composition. The weight ratio of block polymer to acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene polymer is preferably about 1:5 to about 5:1.

Abstract: Thermoplastic rubber blends are described comprising monoolefin rubber and nitrile rubber which blends exhibit extraordinary oil resistance.

Abstract: The invention relates to a heat resistant polymer composition based on one or more graft copolymers of styrene and acrylonitrile on a rubber and a copolymer of .alpha.-methylstyrene and acrylonitrile.This composition comprises:A. A graft copolymer obtained by polymerizing 50-80 parts by weight of a monomer mixture consisting of20-40% by weight of acrylonitrile,50-80% by weight of styrene and0-30% by weight of one or more other monomersin the presence of 20-50 parts by weight of rubber (in respect of 100 parts by weight of graft copolymer) andB. a copolymer of .alpha.-methylstyrene and acrylonitrile obtained by polymerizing a mixture of 60-80 parts by weight of .alpha.-methylstyrene and 20-40 parts by weight of acrylonitrile, of which copolymer the spiral flow length (S) is at least 65 and the flow index (V) 45 at most, and the ratio between spiral flow length and the flow index is at least 3.0, and in which polymer composition 35 to 80% by weight of copolymer of .alpha.

Abstract: Oil resistant, ozone resistant polymer blends are prepared by blending an Acrylonitrile/Butadiene polymer with an EPDM polymer which has had grafted onto it a polymer prepared by polymerizing onto the backbone a methacrylate monomer. The preferred EPDM graft polymer is a methylmethacrylate grafted onto the EPDM backbone.

Abstract: Disclosed is a coating composition which is rapidly curable at room temperature in the presence of a vaporous tertiary amine catalyst. The coating composition comprises an aromatic hydroxyl functional polyol comprising 2,3',4-trihydroxydiphenyl and a multi-isocyanate curing agent.

Abstract: A physically blended propylene polymer composition composed of(A) 100 parts by weight of crystalline polypropylene containing 0 to 10 mole % of ethylene and/or another .alpha.-olefin,(B) 1 to 30 parts by weight of a propylene/ethylene random copolymer composed of 30 to 85 mole % of propylene, said copolymer containing 0 to 10 mole % of a diene component and having (i) a micro-isotacticity of at least 0.8 and (ii) a boiling n-cyclohexane insolubles content of 0 to 10% by weight, and(C) 0 to 30 parts by weight of polyethylene containing 0 to 15 mole % of an .alpha.-olefin,said components (A) and (B) having been physically mixed with each other.

Abstract: Compositions of matter having properties that make them strong adhesives to various substrates and especially for adhering polypropylene and polyethylene to various polar substrates. These compositions comprise blends of a graft copolymer of a polyethylene backbone grafted with at least one grafting monomer comprising one or more of polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids of the anhydrides of such acids blended with a blending resin that is a mixture of one or more high density polyethylenes, one or more linear low density polyethylenes and one or more polypropylenes. The disclosure also includes composite structures comprising one or more substrates and a blend of the above as the adhesive in contact with the substrate or substrates and the method of preparing these composite structures.

Abstract: Several important features and characteristics, particularly and pronouncedly environmental stress crack resistance (i.e., "ESCR") as well as other desirable physical properties of blends or intimate admixtures, known as "polyblends" and usually made by melt-blending, of various styrene polymers (i.e., "SP's"), notably homopolystyrene (i.e., "PS"), and thermoplastic elastomers (i.e., "TE's") are significantly and in emphasized measure enhanced by thorough incorporation in (and simultaneous or subsequent heat action-initiating and crosslink-effecting of) the SP/TE polyblend in low level concentration(s) of a thermally-activatable, organic peroxide in combination with any one (or even a mixture) of an optimizing cross-linking supplement provided in effectively reactive amounts of, for illustration, either a styrene (or the like alkenyl aromatic) monomer or a reagent that is reactive towards alkenes (such as certain dithiols, amino-derivatives, etc.

Abstract: Disclosed is a coating composition rapidly curable at room temperature in the presence of a vaporous tertiary amine catalyst which comprises catechol or a catechol derivative, a multi-isocyanate curing agent, and preferably a fugitive organic solvent.

Abstract: A hot-melt adhesive composition containing (i) a first component consisting of (a) 20 to 100 weight percent of a hydrolyzed ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer whose vinyl acetate unit content is in the range of 5 to 50 weight percent and its hydrolysis degree is at least 50 percent and/or a carboxyl-containing product obtained by grafting said copolymer with a carboxyl-containing unsaturated compound or anhydride thereof and (b) 0 to 80 weight percent of a resin compatible with said copolymer and/or said carboxyl-containing product and (ii) a second component which is a tackifying resin, the proportion of said first component being not less than 20 weight percent and that of said second component being not less than 20 weight percent, both based on said two components, and said composition optionally may further contain (iii) a wax as a third component is highly improved in adhesivity as compared with the hitherto known hot-melt adhesive compositions.

Abstract: Thermoplastic compositions comprising, in intimate admixture, polyethylene terephthalate and a rubber-modified graft copolymer of a vinyl aromatic compound and an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated cyclic anhydride. These compositions display desirable thermal properties, particularly elevated heat deflection temperatures.

Abstract: A monomer mixture comprising .alpha.-methylstyrene or 2-isopropenylnaphthalene, methyl methacrylate, and acrylonitrile is polymerized in the presence of a crosslinked polymer obtained by copolymerizing a monofunctional monomer such as .alpha.-methylstyrene with a small quantity of a polyfunctional monomer such as divinylbenzene to obtain a copolymer (C). A vinyl chloride resin composition formulated by blending the copolymer (C) thus obtained with a vinyl chloride resin and an impact strength modifier resin in a specific proportion possesses improved thermal deformation resistance and impact strength while retaining processability comparable to that of the vinyl chloride resin mixed with the impact strength modifier resin.

Abstract: A blend of 100 parts by weight of a polycyano norbornene, such as poly)2-norbornene-5 nitrile); 5 to 15 parts of a halogenated polyolefin, such as chlorinated polyethylene; and 10 to 40 parts of an ABS polymer, such as acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene resin. This blend, when formed into a rigid structure, has an unexpectedly higher impact strength.

Abstract: A molding blend of polyethylene terephthalate, a selected ionomeric terpolymer and a selected graft terpolymer provides molded articles of good toughness.

Abstract: Compositions of matter having among other desirable characteristics strong adhesive properties to various substrates, these compositions comprising blends of a graft copolymer of a high density polyethylene and at least one unsaturated fused ring carboxylic acid anhydride blended with a polyethylene resin of one or more hompolymers of ethylene, copolymers of ethylene and alpha-olefin, ethylene-ester copolymers and one or more elastomers such as homopolymers of isobutylene, copolymers of isobutylene with isoprene, chlorinated copolymers of isobutylene and isoprene, homopolymers of isoprene, copolymers of butadiene and styrene, block copolymers of dienes and styrene where the diene is butadiene or isoprene, homopolymers of butadiene, homopolymers of chloroprene, and copolymers of acrylonitrile and butadiene.

Abstract: A hot-melt compound comprising 30 to 70% by weight of a modified ethylene..alpha.-olefin copolymer rubber having a melt index of at most 500 and prepared by grafting an unsaturated carboxylic acid or derivative thereof to an ethylene..alpha.-olefin copolymer rubber or a partial ester of said modified copolymer rubber and 70 to 30% by weight of a tackifier.

Abstract: In the process of melting a blend of nitrile polymer and lubricous additive with a screw-plasticizing unit, the improvement which involves having an absorptive anti-slip agent such as rubber crumb in admixture with the blend when charging the plasticator to minimize feeding problems.

Abstract: Thermoplastic moulding compositions of(A) 20 to 99 parts by weight of a vinyl chloride homopolymer or copolymer containing at least 80% by weight of vinyl chloride and having K-values of from 50 to 80,(B) 80 to 1 part by weight of a graft polymer produced by the solution polymerization in an organic solvent of(a) styrene and/or methyl methacrylate or(b) styrene and acrylonitrile and, optionally, methyl methacrylatein the presence of an EPDM rubber.

Abstract: Thermoplastic molding compositions are disclosed which comprise an intimate admixture of (a) a copolymer of a vinyl aromatic compound and an .alpha., .beta.-unsaturated cyclic anhydride, including rubber-modified copolymers thereof, and (b) impact modifiers comprising graft copolymers, copolyesters, and rubber-modified homopolymers. Optionally, the compositions can also include a polyphenylene ether resin and further, optionally, a normally liquid polybutadiene oligomer. Mixing (a) with a polyphenylene ether leads to a compatible composition, markedly improved in heat deflection temperature.

Abstract: Rubber-modified terpolymers of from 50 to 83% of a monoalkenyl aromatic monomer, from 15 to 30% of an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid anhydride, from 2 to 20% of an unsaturated nitrile are described which are useful as molding compositions.

Abstract: A composition for use as a binder in a non-aqueous printing ink which comprises a modified hydrocarbon resin containing carboxylic acid units, the carboxylic groups of which are partially esterified with a polyhydric alcohol in such an amount that the modified hydrocarbon resin product contains from 0.01 to 0.7 ester groups of polyhydric alcohol based on each acid group originally present and a process for its preparation.

Abstract: Graft copolymers of resin-forming monomers on monoolefin-type rubber spines, particularly ethylene-propylene-non-conjugated diene rubber spines, are made in solution with the aid of a free radical polymerization initiator. The graft copolymers have high impact strength.