Abstract: The invention is a process for producing a modified polytetrafluoroethylene which comprises polymerizing tetrafluoroethylene in an aqueous medium containing a dispersing agent with a polymerization initiator source and then, copolymerizing tetrafluoroethylene one or more fluorinated modifiers having an acid functional group or a functional group which is convertible to the acid group as a copolymerizable modifier in the presence of the resulting polytetrafluoroethylene to a polymerization point past the Kraft point to produce highly porous, fibrous, stratified fluoropolymers having cores made of homopolymer of poly-tetrafluoroethylene coated with sheath layers which are made of a copolymer of polytetrafluoroethylene and one or more modifiers.

Abstract: Latices which may be used in paper coating compositions to provide reasonable stiffness and enhanced pick resistance contain heterogeneous particles comprising polymers based on styrene and butadiene and contain in one domain 1 to 20 weight % of an alkenyl nitrile.

Abstract: Crosslinked polymer microparticles that have a particle size of about 0.1-5 microns of polymerized monomers of styrene, alkyl methacrylate having 1-12 carbons in the alkyl group, alkyl acrylate having 1-12 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and mixtures thereof, about 0.1-5% by weight of a crosslinking monomer of an alkylene glycol dimethacrylate or diacrylate each having 1-8 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and about 0.1-5% by weight of allyl methacrylate or allyl acrylate; said polymer having a weight average molecular weight of about 500,000 to 5,000,000; polymeric chains are grafted onto the polymer microparticles; the microparticles are useful as additives for coating compositions to control rheology and in particular for metallic pigment flake and sag control.

Abstract: Modified PTFE fine powder which comprises primary particles having an average particle size of 0.1 to 0.6 .mu.m and contains 0.01 to 0.15% by weight, based on the total weight of the particles, of at least one olefinically unsaturated compound selected from the group consisting of a fluoroalkyl vinyl ether of the formula:X(CF.sub.2).sub.n OCF.dbd.CF.sub.2 (I)wherein X is a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom and n is an integer of 1 to 6, and a fluoroalkyl vinyl ether of the formula:C.sub.3 F.sub.7 (OCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CF.sub.2).sub.m [OCF(CF.sub.3)CF.sub.2 ].sub.l OCF.dbd.CF.sub.2 (II)wherein m is an integer of 0 to 2 and l is an integer of 0 to 2 mainly in core parts of the particles and 0.04 to 0.25% by weight, based on the total weight of the particles, of chlorotrifluoroethylene in shell parts, which has good paste extrudability and heat stability.

Abstract: Advantageous modification of non-melt processible, fibrillatible TFE copolymers for past extrusion is possible by including small amounts of perfluoro(n-alkyl vinyl ether) in the shell of the copolymer particle.

Abstract: Blends of (i) an impact resistant interpolymer comprising crosslinked acrylic or methacrylic rubber, crosslinked styrene-acrylonitrile, and uncrosslinked styrene-acrylonitrile polymer components, (ii) a styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer resin, (iii) an acrylic polymer, and (iv) a multistage grafted acrylic elastomer are disclosed. The blends display a good combination of physical properties including gloss, impact strength and tensile properties.

Abstract: Polymer particles dispersible to form a latex and latices of such polymer particles, said particles being adaptable to the fixing or bonding thereto of a biologically active substance and having a core-shell construction wherein the polymer material of the core determines the stability of the form of the latex particles and their redispersibility, and the material of the shell(1) is so hydrophilic that it would be completely or largely water soluble if it were not anchored to the core material and/or crosslinked,(2) contains functional groups which are suitable for the covalent fixation or bonding of biological active substances, and(3) in an anhydrous condition has a T.sub..lambda.max from 20.degree.-250.degree. C., depending on its composition, and methods for bonding a biologically active substance to such particles, for example to prepare a diagnostic reagent.

Abstract: Composite resin particles each of which comprises a granular body portion of crosslinked polymer having a mean diameter of 0.01 to 10.mu. and a number of linear polymer chains, a part of the respective chain penetrating into the inside of the granular body portion and the remaining part extending outwardly therefrom. A dispersion of said composite resin particles in an organic solvent is useful as a resinous vehicle for coating compositions.

Abstract: Polymer opaque particles and a process for making same are disclosed. These particles comprise an emulsion polymerized core copolymer having, as one constituent thereof, between about 15% and about 40% by weight of a monomer having the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.4 are independently selected from hydrogen, nitro, amino nitrile, hydroxyl and halogen groups, and organic radicals such as substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl groups, R.sub.3 is selected from hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted organic radicals such as alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl groups and A is an organic or inorganic bridge connecting the illustrated atoms, the remainder being a mixture of selected olefinically unsaturated acid and ester monomers, said core particles, in turn being encapsulated with an emulsion polymerized sheath copolymer comprised of one or more nonionic olefinically unsaturated monomers to produce said opague particles.

Abstract: Thermoplastic molding compositions containingA. 10 to 98 parts by weight and preferably 10 to 95 parts by weight of one or more thermoplastic aromatic polycarbonates,B. 2 to 60 parts by weight and preferably 5 to 60 parts by weight of one or more graft polymers of:B.1 5 to 90 parts by weight and preferably 30 to 80 parts by weight of a mixture ofB.1.1 50 to 95 parts by weight styrene, .alpha.-methyl styrene, nucleus-substituted styrene, methyl methacrylate or mixtures thereof andB.1.2 50 to 5 parts by weight acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, methyl methacrylate, maleic acid anhydride, N-substituted maleic imide or mixtures thereof, orB.2 95 to 10 parts by weight and preferably 70 to 20 parts by weight of a rubber having a glass transition temperature T.sub.G of .ltoreq.10.degree. C.,C. 0 to 80 parts by weight of a thermoplastic copolymer of:C.1 50 to 95 parts by weight styrene, .alpha.-methyl styrene, nucleus-substituted styrene, methyl methacrylate or mixtures thereof andC.

Abstract: Silicone rubbers in the form of crosslinked, particulate particles can be used as a grafting base for the preparation of thermoplastic moulding materials having good low-temperature impact strength and resistance to weathering-ageing, after they are provided with an intermediate shell of crosslinked acrylate rubber.

Abstract: This invention relates to high-impact mixtures of polyamides and polymers based on polyacrylates or polybutadienes having improved processing behaviour and improved technological properties and to the production of these polymers by a multistage process.

Abstract: Low gloss impact and weather resistant thermoplastic resins comprising a hard matrix polymer and a grafted alkylacrylate rubber having a core of a substantially uncrosslinked alkylacrylate polymer and a graftable overpolymer layer of a high crosslink density alkylacrylate polymer.

Abstract: A process for the production of a thermoplastic composition for molded parts having improved impact resistance, transparency, surface gloss, and weatherability, and formed of a hard inner core of crosslinked polystyrene, a rubber-elastic intermediate layer of crosslinked polyacrylic ester, and an outer layer of polyvinyl chloride, wherein the inner core thereof is produced by the steps of:(a) forming a mixture, before or after addition of an initiator, under polymerization conditions in the presence of an emulsifier, of 0.01-5.

Abstract: Binder, coating, and adhesive compositions having surprising film build, flow, leveling, and adhesive wet tack are provided by an aqueous dispersion comprising polymer particles having a central core surrounded by lobes. Also disclsoed are the uses and process of preparation of these unique particles.

Abstract: Polyester-polycarbonate blends having increased melt viscosity, and useful in such applications as blow molding, profile extrusion and thermoforming, are prepared by incorporating at least one poly(O- or N-epoxyalkyl-substituted) cyclic amide, imide or imidate, preferably triglycidyl isocyanurate. They may also contain impact modifying polymers.

Abstract: Readily processable moulding materials with improved impact strength of polyamides and graft products which have a particular chemical and physical structure.

Abstract: Latex compositions suitable for applications requiring surface hydrophilicity are disclosed. The compositions comprise: (1) a liquid phase selected from the group consisting of water, water-miscible solvents and mixtures thereof; and (2) latex particles dispersed in the liquid phase. The particles comprise an elastomeric hydrophobic core and a hydrophilic "shell" which is integral with the core and which colloidally stabilizes the latex particles in the liquid phase. The shell comprises moieties L-Q attached to the core, wherein Q is a nonionic group end-capped with a cationic moiety, and L is a linking unit. When the liquid phase is removed, the particles are capable of forming an elastomeric film having a substantially permanent, cationic, hydrophilic surface. The cationic moiety helps the latex particles become attracted to anionic surfaces such as cellulosic materials.

Abstract: An aqueous dispersion comprising an aqueous medium and colloidal particles of a fluorine-containing copolymer having an average particle size of about 0.05 to 1.0 um dispersed therein, each colloidal particle being constructed with a core portion made of a polymer comprising about 99 to 100% by weight of units of tetrafluoroethylene and about 0 to 1% by weight of units of at least one other fluoroolefin and a shell portion made of a polymer comprising about 50 to 97% by weight of units of tetrafluoroethylene and about 3 to 50% by weight of units of chlorotrifluoroethylene, the amount of chlorotrifluoroethylene in the core and shell portions being from about 2.5 to 25% by weight based on the entire amount of the core and shell portions.

Abstract: Epoxy resins contain a discontinuous phase dispersed therein, of grafted rubber particles having an insoluble rubber core and having a grafted shell containing a functionalized compound such as that provided by polymerized glycidyl methacrylate, which is reactive under curing conditions with a functionality of the epoxy resin phase. The dispersions are stable and are useful as curable coatings, and for providing toughened resins for structural applications.

Abstract: A polyamide composition of improved impact resistance comprising a blend of components (A) a graft polymer of a (meth)-acrylate and/or (meth)-acrylonitrile and a vinylaromatic monomer grafted onto a substrate rubber, (B) a polyamide resin, (C) an acid-containing acrylate copolymer rubber and (D) an effective amount of an acid-containing polymer to improve the impact resistance of the polymer blend.

Abstract: A process for preparing a structure reinforced latex particle whose film has improved tensile and elongation properties prepared by an emulsion polymerization comprising a three-stage monomer feed addition. The second monomer feed is an amount form about 5 to about 30 parts per hundred parts monomer in said latex particle and is a polymer of which would have a T.sub.g greater than either the first or third monomer feed. The subject structure reinforced latex particle provides A film having improved tensile properties without a corresponding reduction in elongation. A pressure sensitive adhesive formulated with the structure reinforced latex particle is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides moulding compositions consisting of polyphenylene oxide/polycarbonate block condensates, graft polymers and, where appropriate, co-polymers. These moulding compositions can contain further suitable additives. The present invention also provides a process for preparing the moulding compositions according to the invention.

Abstract: Dry material which can be hydrated into an aqueous gel comprising (1) a matrix comprising a macromolecular substance A, capable of forming a porous aqueous gel when it is in the presence of water, (2) a water-soluble linear polymer B, (3) a plasticizer for the macromolecular substance A and, (4) dispersed in the matrix, particles of a polymer C obtained from at least one water-immiscible monomer.The material can be obtained by mixing an aqueous solution of A with the polymer B, the plasticizer and a latex of polymer C, followed by cooling, shaping and drying of the aqueous gel obtained.The dry material can be used in biological applications after rehydration.

Abstract: Surface-hydrophilic perforated sheets comprise a fluid-permeable hydrophobic sheet having a multiplicity of holes for fluid passage. The sheets are coated with a rubber-like material insoluble in aqueous fluid but having surface-hydrophilic properties, whereby the surface of the sheet is rendered hydrophilic. The sheets are particularly useful as cover sheets for absorbent structures such as diapers, bandages, and catamenials.

Abstract: Latex compositions suitable for applications requiring surface hydrophilicity are disclosed. The latexes can be used in liquid film-forming compositions which comprise: (1) a liquid phase such as water, water-miscible solvents and mixtures thereof; and (2) latex particles dispersed in the liquid phase. The particles comprise an elastomeric hydrophobic core with a hydrophilic "shell" which is integral with the core. When the liquid phase is removed, the particles are capable of forming an elastomeric film having a substantially permanent hydrophilic surface.

Abstract: Thermoplastic materials may be functionalized and then blended with polyamides to form compatible products which contain a copolymer of the functionalized material and the polyamide.

Abstract: Blends of (A) an impact resistant interpolymer comprising crosslinked acrylic or methacrylic rubber, crosslinked styrene-acrylonitrile and uncrosslinked styrene-acrylonitrile polymer components, (B) an acrylic polymer, and (C) a multistage grafted acrylic elastomer are disclosed. The blends display a good combination of physical properties including gloss, impact strength and tensile properties.

Abstract: An impact resistant methacrylic resin composition having improved transparency, weatherability and impact resistance comprising a multi-layer graft copolymer and a methacrylic resin is disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a lubricant for thermoplastic resins, which is prepared by (A) polymerizing 60-100 wt. % of an aromatic vinyl monomer and 0-40 wt. % of other vinyl monomer copolymerizable therewith to form a polymer, (B) polymerizing 30-70 wt. parts of a monomer or monomer mixture comprising 50-100 wt. % of an acrylic acid ester and 0-50 wt. % of other vinyl monomer or monomers copolymerizable therewith in the presence of 10-60 wt. parts of said polymer so that when said monomer or monomer mixture is singly polymerized, the reduced viscosity of the resulting polymer is lower than 1.0, to obtain a polymer, and (C) polymerizing 5-30 wt. parts of a methacrylic acid ester in the presence of the two-stage polymer obtained at the steps (A) and (B) so that the total amount of the components (A), (B) and (C) is 100 wt. parts.

Abstract: A process for preparing a structure reinforced latex particle whose film has improved tensile and elongation properties prepared by an emulsion polymerization comprising a three-stage monomer feed addition. The second monomer feed is an amount from about 5 to about 30 parts per hundred parts monomer in said latex particle and is a polymer of which would have a T.sub.g greater than either the first or third monomer feed. The subject structure reinforced latex particle provides a film having improved tensile properties without a corresponding reduction in elongation. A pressure sensitive adhesive formulated with the structure reinforced latex particle is also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to polyoxymethylene molding composition exhibiting improved toughness and containing from about 50 to about 95 wt. % of a polyoxymethylene, from about 5 to about 40 wt. % of a multiphase composite interpolymer and from about 0.05 to about 5.0 wt. % of a reactive titanate, such as neoalkoxy, tri(n-ethylaminoethylamino) titanate, based on the total weight of the composition and based on 100% reactivity of the reactive titanate.

Abstract: This invention provides hardenable compositions useful as construction media for a wide range of applications. Particular utility is found in the dental and medical arts where such compositions are highly suitable for the formation and construction of denture base, denture baseplates, denture liners, denture repair, custom trays, veneering for crowns and bridgework, artificial teeth, veneers and repair for natural teeth, and tooth restorative fillings. Such materials having improved impact strengths and elastic moduli when hardened are disclosed which include rubber-modified polymer.

Abstract: Polymer particles dispersible to form a latex and latices of such polymer particles, said particles being adaptable to the fixing or bonding thereto of a biologically active substance and having a core-shell construction wherein the polymer material of the core determines the stability of the form of the latex particles and their redispersibility, and the material of the shell(1) is so hydrophilic that it would be completely or largely water soluble if it were not anchored to the core material and/or crosslinked,(2) contains functional groups which are suitable for the covalent fixation or bonding of biological active substances, and(3) in an anhydrous condition has a T.sub..lambda.max from 20.degree.-250.degree. C., depending on its composition, and methods for bonding a biologically active substance to such particles, for example to prepare a diagnostic reagent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to thermoplastic moulding materials of (A) thermoplastic polycarbonates mixed with (B) thermoplastic polyalkylene terephthalates and, if appropriate, with (C) elastomeric polymers, which are characterized in that they contain (D) a polycarbonate-polyphenylene oxide block co-condensate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a vinyl chloride polymer composition comprising:(i) 100 parts by weight of a vinyl chloride polymer containing at least 80 wt. % of vinyl chloride units, and(ii) 0.05 to 25 wt. parts of a three-stage polymer (II), which is obtained by polymerizing 10 to 30 wt. parts of at least one monomer (B), which is selected from acrylic acid esters, methacrylic acid esters, aromatic vinyl compounds, cyano-vinyl compounds and vinyl ester compounds so that the glass transition temperature of a polymer obtained by separately polymerizing the monomer (B) is 0.degree. to 60.degree. C., in the presence of 45 to 85 wt. parts of a methyl methacrylate polymer (A) containing at least 80 wt. % of methyl methacrylate units; and then polymerizing 5 to 25 wt. parts of a methyl methacrylate monomer or monomer mixture (C) containing at least 80 wt. % of methyl methacrylate in the presence of the obtained copolymer comprising the components (A) and (B) so that the total amount of the components (A), (B), and (C) is 100 wt.

Abstract: Expandable thermoplastic resin particles comprising a thermoplastic resin and a hydrocarbon having the lower boiling point than the softening point of the thermoplastic resin in which a copolymer composed of a fluorinated vinyl polymer part and a hydrophilic vinyl polymer part covers or is included on the surface or in the surface layer of the expandable thermoplastic particle, said resin particles are useful for producing package vessels and containers for oily or fatty foods.

Abstract: A polymeric molding composition containing a polycarbonate resin, a styrenic copolymer and a methylmethacrylate-butadiene-styrene polymer is disclosed. The molding compositions of this invention exhibit excellent impact strength and can be molded over a wide range of processing conditions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an opaque binder system containing a core-shell polymer and polymeric binder. The system is prepared and blended in-situ and demonstrates improvement in contrast ratio and scrub properties over corresponding compositions wherein the core-shell polymer is separately produced and subsequently blended with a binder polymer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sequential polymerization process for preparing a water-insoluble dispersion of core/shell particles. In one embodiment the process may be employed to produce a particulate dispersion useful in making water-based coating compositions wherein on drying the particulate dispersion serves as an opacifying agent. In another embodiment the process may be employed to microencapsulate a hydrophobic target material, such as a biocide or herbicide.

Abstract: Poly(C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 alkylene terephthalate) molding composition containing aromatic polyester carbonate and impact modifier. The aromatic polyester carbonate is derived from a dihydric phenol, a carbonate precursor and dicarboxylic acid or ester forming derivative thereof. The impact modifier may be a core-shell polymer polymerized from monomers comprising butadiene or may be a core-shell polymer having a first elastomeric phase polymerized from a monomer system including C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkylacrylate as well as crosslinking and graftlinking monomers and having a final rigid thermoplastic phase polymerized in the presence of the elastomeric phase.

Abstract: Ternary polymer blends contain (a) a polyetherimide, (b) a polycarbonate and (c) a minor amount of an acrylic rubber interpolymer composite. These blends are characterized by high impact strengths and advantageous processing temperatures.

Abstract: A vinyl chloride resin composition having improved weather resistance and impact resistance which contains, as a modifier, a graft copolymer which is prepared by graft-polymerizing 50 to 15 parts by weight of a monomer component composed of mainly methyl methacrylate on 50 to 85 parts by weight of a cross-linked alkyl acrylate polymer so that 30 to 90% by weight of the monomer component is graft-polymerized and, then, the remaining portion of the monomer component is graft-polymerized in the presence of 0.1 to 5% by weight, based on the whole amount of the monomer component, of a copolymerizable cross-linking agent, the fraction extracted from said graft polymer with methyl ethyl ketone having a specific viscosity of at least 0.6 as measured in a concentration of 0.1 g/100 cc in acetone at 30.degree. C. The composition has a reduced die swelling and provides shaped articles having excellent weather resistance and impact strength.

Abstract: An epoxy resin composition is provided. This composition contains (a) a curable glycidyl ether epoxide group-containing material, (b) an amino- terminated aliphatic polyether curing agent, (c) a polymeric toughening agent having both a rubbery phase and a thermoplastic phase or being capable of forming, with the epoxide group-containing material, both a rubbery phase and a thermoset phase on curing, and (d) a metal salt catalyst capable of providing an exotherm of at least 20.degree. C.

Abstract: A structured latex polymer particle suitable for use in the preparation of a wet-laid composite sheet having good wet-end and end-use properties. The structured latex particle has a core region comprising from about 10 to about 40 percent of the total polymer particle volume and a shell region comprising from about 60 to about 90 percent of the total polymer particle volume and comprising a vinyl acid. The core region is prepared to have good end-use properties as measured by tensile and elongation and the shell region is prepared to have good wet-end properties as measured by deposition and drainage time. The subject structured latex polymer particles are thus advantageously employed in the preparation of composite sheets of all types to thus form an economical and high quality composite sheet.

Abstract: Beads comprising a polymeric matrix containing a releasable lipophilic compound are made by precipitating the compound from solution within the matrix. Beads may be made by forming a homogeneous blend of the compound in lipophilic polymerizable material and subjecting the blend to bead polymerization while the blend is dispersed as beads in an aqueous medium containing hydrophilic polymerization stabilizer. The lipophilic compound may be a behenyl ester wax inhibitor or other reagent useful downhole or for other purposes and preferably has a relatively high melting point. The polymerizable material preferably dissolves the lipophilic compound and may include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or other hydrophilic polymerizable material.

Abstract: The properties of polymer mixtures which comprise an aromatic polycarbonate, an aromatic polyester and a core-shell polymer having an acrylate core, can be improved by using a core-shell polymer having a particle size of less than 0.2 micrometers.

Abstract: Novel and particularly utile for many specific and extraordinarily-demanding applications intimately-blended admixtures of diverse synthetic resinous copolymers and graft-structured and/or the like or equivalent elastomer-based polymerizates are comprised of thoroughly intermixed products of polymerization (i.e., "polyblends") of: (i) copolymer(s) of styrene/.alpha.-methylstyrene and equivalents thereof with (ii) grafted rubber concentrates of an elastomeric substrate or backbone having thereon and thereto graft-interpolymerized styrene components therein and/or like or equivalent grafted rubber concentrate component(s). The polyblends involved exhibit superior and much-improved properties and characteristics of thermal stability, environmental stress crack resistance, hardness and so forth.

Abstract: Impact-resistant polyoxymethylene molding materials containing(A) from 30 to 95% by weight of one or more polyoxymethylenes and(B) from 5 to 70% by weight of one or more elastomeric graft polymers which are prepared by emulsion polymerization, are dispersed in component A, have a mean particle diameter of from 0.08 to 2 .mu.m and are composed of1. from 60 to 90% by weight of a grafting base of crosslinked polybutadiene in which not more than 30% by weight of the butadiene may be replaced with isoprene, 2,3-dimethylbutadiene, styrene, p-methylstyrene, .alpha.-methylstyrene and/or (meth)acrylonitrile, and2. from 10 to 40% by weight of one or more grafted shells consisting of polymers of styrene and/or methyl methacrylate, in which not more than 15% by weight of the said monomers 2 may be replaced with acrylonitrile or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl acrylate,the percentages A and B and the percentages 1 and 2 summing to 100, with or without(C) effective amounts of assistants,and a process for their preparation.

Abstract: A composition comprisinga. a major amount of an aromatic polycarbonate;b. a minor quantity of a polyester selected from polyalkylene terephthalate and polycycloalkylene terephthalate, isophthalate or a mixture of the two acids;c. a minor quantity of an elastomeric acrylate copolymer with a second order transition temperature, Tg, of less than -10.degree. C. and phenoxy resin effective to significantly maintain the impact strength and ductility at break after exposing a stressed part to brake fluid comprising alcohols and ethers.