Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed towards method for modifying a polymer flow index. As an example, a method for modifying a polymer flow index can include providing monomers to a polymerization reactor, providing a chromium catalyst to the polymerization reactor, and providing an active amount of a flow index modifier to the polymerization reactor, wherein the flow index modifier is selected from carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, 2,4-hexadiene, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: Ethylene copolymers made in the gas phase using a phosphinimine based single site catalyst supported on a passivated inorganic oxide support. The ethylene copolymers have a relatively narrow molecular weight distribution and good rheological parameters.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide an ethylene-based polymer excellent in moldability and durability, and also excellent in the balance of stiffness and durability, and to provide a molded product of hollow plastic using the ethylene-based polymer. The ethylene-based polymer according to the invention is an ethylene-based polymer having specific characteristics and manufactured by a homopolymerization of ethylene or a copolymerization of ethylene and ?-olefin using a chromium catalyst.

Abstract: Embodiments disclosed herein generally relate to olefin polymerization catalysts, and more specifically to chromium-based catalysts and methods of use of chromium-based catalysts for the production of polyolefins, and even more specifically to methods for controlling or tailoring the flow index response of chromium-based catalysts through the controlled addition of a reducing agent to the catalysts under controlled mixing conditions.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of polyethylene by gas phase polymerisation of ethylene in the presence of a supported chromium oxide based catalyst which is modified with an amino alcohol wherein the molar ratio of amino alcohol:chromium ranges between 0.5:1 and 1:1, wherein the support is silica having a surface area (SA) between 250 m2/g and 400 m2/g and a pore volume (PV) between 1.1 cm3/g and less than 2.0 cm3/g and wherein the amount of chromium in the supported catalyst is at least 0.1% by weight and less than 0.5% by weight.

Abstract: According to the present invention, there is provided a polymerizable fluorine-containing sulfonic acid onium salt of the following general formula (2) and a resin obtained by polymerization thereof. It is possible by the use of this sulfonate resin of the present invention to provide a resist composition with high resolution, board depth of focus tolerance (DOF), small line edge roughness (LER) and high sensitivity. In the formula, Z represents a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C6 straight or branched alkylene group, or a divalent moiety in which substituted or unsubstituted C1-C6 straight or branched alkylene groups are bonded in series to a divalent group obtained by elimination of two hydrogen atoms from an alicyclic or aromatic hydrocarbon; R represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or a C1-C3 alkyl or fluorine-containing alkyl group; and Q+ represents a sulfonium cation or an iodonium cation.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the production of high density polyethylene by polymerisation of ethylene in the presence of a supported chromium oxide based catalyst which is modified with an organic compound comprising oxygen and a nitrogen atom which is selected from the group consisting of saturated heterocyclic organic compounds with a five or six membered ring, amino esters and amino alcohols. Such organic compounds allow manufacturing of HDPE with increases molecular weight distribution and increased molecular weight.

Abstract: A process for producing water-absorbing polymer particles, wherein at least one aliphatic aldehyde or reaction product thereof with an aliphatic alcohol, an aliphatic amine, ammonia, a hypophosphite or a phosphite is added.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method of polymerizing an alkene monomer to produce a polymer using a catalyst that is Cu(O), Cu2Te, CuSe, Cu2S, Cu2O, or a combination thereof, an initiator, and a component comprising a solvent and optional nitrogen-containing ligand, where the combination of the component and monomer is capable of diproportionating Cu(I)X into Cu(O) and Cu(II)X2 where X is Cl, Br, or I.

Abstract: Olefin polymerization is carried out with a supported phosphinimine catalyst which has been treated with a long chain substituted amine compound.

Abstract: Mineral oil is added to a supported chromium catalyst in amounts which maintain a free flowing particulate material. Chromium catalysts so treated, provide polyethylene in a gas phase ethylene polymerization process with reduced reactor fouling or static.

Abstract: A positive resist composition, includes: (A) a resin that has a group having absorption at 248 nm at a main chain terminal of the resin (A), and a pattern forming method uses the composition.

Abstract: The present invention provides a copolymer that includes at least one alkene monomer, at least one acrylate monomer and at least one the unsaturated acid anhydridge monomer, and a method of preparing the same.

Abstract: The present invention provides a copolymer that includes at least one alkene monomer, at least one acrylate monomer and at least one the unsaturated organic acid monomer having one or more double bonds, and a method of manufacturing the same.

Abstract: The present invention provides a copolymer that includes at least one alkene monomer, at least one acrylate monomer and at least one the unsaturated acid anhydridge monomer, and a method of preparing the same.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for preparation of an 1-alkene-acrylate based copolymer comprising a step of a radical polymerization reaction of 1-alkene and acrylate based monomer under presence of a metal oxide or Lewis acid, and a method for preparation of an alkene-acrylate based copolymer comprising reacting alkene with an acrylate based monomer under presence of a metal oxide. In the method of preparation according to the present invention, the process is simple and properties of the copolymer can be easily controlled by preparing the copolymer in a mild condition of 100° C. or less and 200 bar or less. In addition, the amount of the polar group of the copolymer prepared by the method is so high that the copolymer can be used for transparent optical products.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method of polymerizing an alkene monomer to produce a polymer using a catalyst that is Cu(O), Cu2Te, CuSe, Cu2S, Cu2O, or a combination thereof, an initiator, and a component comprising a solvent and optional nitrogen-containing ligand, where the combination of the component and monomer is capable of diproportionating Cu(I)X into Cu(O) and Cu(II)X2 where X is Cl, Br, or I.

Abstract: An aqueous polymer dispersion is prepared by reacting at least one olefin in the presence of at least one polymerization catalyst and one emulsifier in an aqueous medium by a process wherein the polymerization catalyst is prepared in an in situ reaction by reacting the ligand compound 2,6-dichloro-para-benzoquinone (Ia) and/or 2,3,6-trichloro-para-benzoquinone (Ib) with a phosphine compound or diphosphine compound and with a metal compound and the polymerization reaction is effected in an aqueous medium.

Abstract: A process for making an ethylene homopolymer in the presence of an oxide-supported chromium catalyst is disclosed. A small amount of an ?-olefin contacted with the catalyst before polymerizing ethylene or introduced into an ethylene homopolymerization unexpectedly boosts process productivity. When used at part per million levels, the ?-olefin improves productivity while maintaining desirable polymer properties. The invention is particularly valuable for making HDPE resins useful for blow molding applications.

Abstract: Accelerator composition for a rubber latex derived from a conjugated diene and optionally a vinyl aromatic comonomer comprising: (i) a diethyl dithiocarbamate (like e.g. ZDEC), and (ii) diphenylguanidine (DPG), and substantially free of any thiazole derivative, a curable aqueous synthetic rubber latex composition comprising said accelerator composition, and a process for the water-based solvent-free manufacture of synthetic shaped synthetic elastomeric articles, prepared by using said accelerator composition.

Abstract: The present invention provides method of preparing alkene-acrylate-norbornene terpolymer by polymerization of a monomer mixture consisting of alkene, acrylate and norbornene by a radical initiator under the presence of a Lewis acid. In the method of preparing the alkene-acrylate-norbornene terpolymer of the present invention, the terpolymer may be prepared in the mild condition of low temperature and low pressure by using the Lewis acid so that the process is simple and the property of the terpolymer may be easily controlled. In addition, the terpolymer prepared by the method includes the ethylene and the norbornene simultaneously so that it has high glass transition temperature, and the brittle property in forming of film is improved.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of a polymer comprising at least one aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbyl C2-20 olefin in the presence of an ionic catalyst comprising an organometallic compound and an activator, and optionally a scavenger, characterized in that the organometallic compound is a compound according to formula (1): where: M is a metal of group 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, or the lanthanide series, and p is the valency of the metal M, A represents a neutral or anionic spectator ligand whose valency v is 0, 1 or 2, and q is an integer denoting the number of spectator ligands A, Z is an optional bridging moiety, n is the integer number of parallel bridging moieties Z, Y is an amidine-containing spectator ligand represented by formula (2): wherein the amidine-containing ligand is covalently bonded to the metal M via the imine nitrogen atom, Sub1 is a substituent, which comprises a group 14 atom through which Sub1 is bonded to the imine carbon atom.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pneumatic tire including at least one component, said at least one component including a rubber composition, said rubber composition including at least one diene based rubber; and at least one metal organic framework material including divalent zinc and a multidentate organic ligand, wherein the at least one metal organic framework material at least partially incorporates at least one guest additive.

Abstract: This invention is based upon the discovery that a catalyst system which is comprised of (a) palladium or a palladium compound and (b) a fluorinated alcohol is effective for polymerizing norbornene-functional monomers into polynorbornene-functional polymers. It has been further discovered that this catalyst system is more effective in polymerizing certain norbornene-functional monomers that are difficult to polymerize, such as norbornene ester monomers, than prior art catalyst systems. The activity of the catalyst systems of this invention can be further improved with respect to polymerizing some monomers by including a Lewis acid and/or a ligand, such as a phosphine or a carbene, in the system. In any case, the catalyst systems of this invention offer the advantage of being soluble in a wide variety of solvents, relatively inexpensive, and capable of polymerizing many norbornene-functional monomers that are difficult to polymerize with conventional catalyst systems.

Abstract: Nonfluorinated surfactants selected from C7–C20 linear 1-alkanesulfonates, 2-alkanesulfones, and 1,2-alkanedisulfones are particularly effective for stabilizing emulsions in preparing non-elastomeric fluoropolymers containing at least 71 wt % vinylidene fluoride and having at least a 2% crystalline polyvinylidene fluoride content. Processes for making such fluoropolymers using these surfactants, particularly in combination with one or both of a nonionic polymerization initiator and the use of mechanical coagulation to isolate the product, are also provided, as are fluoropolymers made thereby.

Abstract: This invention is based upon the discovery that a catalyst system which is comprised of (a) palladium or a palladium compound and (b) a fluorinated alcohol is effective for polymerizing norbornene-functional monomers into polynorbornene-functional polymers. It has been further discovered that this catalyst system is more effective in polymerizing certain norbornene-functional monomers that are difficult to polymerize, such as norbornene ester monomers, than prior art catalyst systems. The activity of the catalyst systems of this invention can be further improved with respect to polymerizing some monomers by including a Lewis acid and/or a ligand, such as a phosphine or a carbene, in the system. In any case, the catalyst systems of this invention offer the advantage of being soluble in a wide variety of solvents, relatively inexpensive, and capable of polymerizing many norbornene-functional monomers that are difficult to polymerize with conventional catalyst systems.

Abstract: In a process for the free radical-initiated aqueous emulsion polymerization for the preparation of an aqueous polymer dispersion, ethylenically unsaturated monomers are polymerized by means of a free radical polymerization initiator in the presence of organometallic compounds having a controlling effect.

Abstract: In accordance with this invention are methods for making the novel compositions and methods of using the compositions for polymerization of olefins. In its broadest form, the method of producing the supported catalytic composition of the present invention comprises treating an inorganic or inorganic oxide support which has incorporated uniformly therein a Group 3-10 transition metal from the Periodic Table with a metal alkylating reagent wherein the reaction product is then treated with a halogenating reagent. The resultant reaction product can be recovered and is available for use in conjunction with the activating co-catalyst for the polymerization of polyolefins.

Abstract: A photocurable hyaluronic acid derivative of the present invention comprises hyaluronic acid and a photoreactive crosslinking group bonded thereto, wherein a 1.0 wt. % aqueous solution of the photocurable hyaluronic acid derivative obtained by dissolving the solid photocurable hyaluronic acid derivative in an aqueous solvent, is capable of passing through a porous filter having a pore size of 0.45 &mgr;m and a diameter of 25 mm at a rate of not less than 2 ml/minute at 24° C. under a pressure of 5.0 Kg/cm2; and a process for producing the photocurable hyaluronic acid derivative; and a photocured crosslinked-hyaluronic acid derivative; a medical material using the photoreactive hyaluronic acid derivative and a medical material using the photocured crosslinked-hyaluronic acid derivative.

Abstract: A catalyst composition that is the combination of or the reaction product of ingredients comprising (a) (i) a halogen-containing iron compound or (ii) an iron-containing compound and a halogen-containing compound, (b) a silyl phosphonate, and (c) an organoaluminum compound.

Abstract: A method for making a polymer comprising the step of synthesizing a polymer by employing a chain transfer agent having the formula (II) where X and Y are independently selected from oxygen, sulfur, and fully-substituted nitrogen where R1 and R2 are independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, or an organic group, with the proviso that at least one of R1 or R2 be hydrogen or halogen, R3 is an organic group R4 and R5 are independently selected organic groups, with the proviso that R3 is not hydrogen.

Abstract: A method for making a polymer comprising the step of synthesizing a polymer by employing a chain transfer agent having the formula (II) 1

Abstract: A method of preparing a carbamate-functional polymer comprising the steps of providing a hydroxy-functional polymer and reacting a carbamate compound with the hydroxy-functional polymer in the presence of a transcarbamation catalyst, thereby forming a carbamate-functional polymer. The transcarbamation catalyst may be Bi(III) compounds, Zr(IV) compounds, or mixtures of these.

Abstract: A catalyst composition that is the combination of or the reaction product of ingredients comprising a iron-containing compound, an organomagnesium compound, and a silyl phosphonate.

Abstract: A photoinitiator mixture comprising a) at least one acyl- or diacylphosphine oxide of the formula I and b) at least one benzophenone derivative of the formula

Abstract: New initiators which are suitable for cationic polymerization have the following structure: ##STR1## such that following apply: R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are alkyl or cycloalkyl or they, together with the S atom, form a heterocyclic ring,R.sup.3 is H or alkyl,R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, and R.sup.7 are H, alkyl, or alkoxy,X.sup.-- is a non-nucleophilic anion.Reaction resin mixtures with initiators of this type contain, in addition to a cationically polymerizable monomer and/or oligomer, 0.01 to 10% by mass of the initiator.

Abstract: A polymerization process is provided comprising contacting under polymerization conditions a catalyst, a taming agent, ethylene and optionally a comonomer, wherein the catalyst comprises chromium oxide, titanium oxide and an inorganic refractory oxide, wherein the taming agent is selected from the group consisting of water, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, esters, and organic acids and mixtures thereof. The process is especially suited for polymerizing ethylene resins suitable for blow molding use.

Abstract: Supported olefin polymerization catalyst systems can be produced using waste chromium compounds. Olefin polymers can be prepared using a catalyst system composition comprising a waste chromium compound and an alkyl aluminum compound, both supported on an inorganic oxide support, wherein at least a portion of the waste chromium compound is in a hexavalent state.

Abstract: Supported olefin polymerization catalyst systems can be produced using waste chromium compounds. Olefin polymers can be prepared using a catalyst system composition comprising a waste chromium compound and an alkyl aluminum compound, both supported on an inorganic oxide support, wherein at least a portion of the waste chromium compound is in a hexavalent state.

Abstract: Supported olefin polymerization catalyst systems can be produced using waste chromium compounds. Olefin polymers can be prepared using a catalyst system composition comprising a waste chromium compound and an alkyl aluminum compound, both supported on an inorganic oxide support, wherein at least a portion of the waste chromium compound is in a hexavalent state.

Abstract: A supported catalyst for ethene polymerization by Phillips catalysis is disclosed. The supported catalyst is prepared by (1) mixing a porous silicate in an inert, organic liquid to produce a silicate suspension, (2) providing an ester of phosphoric acid or phosphorous acid, (3) mixing an organic liquid, a chromium compound, and a trialkylaluminum compound to produce a chromium compound/aluminum compound and combining the silicate suspension, the phosphorus compound and the chromium compound/aluminum compound suspension. This resulting suspension is evaporated to dryness to form a catalyst intermediate. The catalyst intermediate is heated in nitrogen, then heated in an oxygen-containing atmosphere, and then heated again in nitrogen to produce an activated catalyst. The activated catalyst is suspended in an organic liquid and treated with an alkyl boron compound to produce the desired supported catalyst.

Abstract: A process has been discovered for the polymerization of ethylene and mixtures of ethylene with at least one other mono-1-olefin by employing a polymerization catalyst that produces polymers containing terminal vinyl unsaturation wherein such catalyst is exposed to a modifying agent prior to or during the polymerization reaction.

Abstract: Fine, pure, boehmite alumina crystallites are peptized, partially precipitated and phosphated, hardened, and dried to form a xerogel. The alumina can be impregnated with a chromium compound. The chromium-containing catalyst is activated by calcination. The activated catalyst can be used as a polymerization catalyst to polymerize mono-1-olefins.

Abstract: This invention concerns the production of 1,4-cis polybutadiene, or copolymers of butadiene with other related diolefins, through the catalytic polymerization or copolymerization of butadiene monomer by a continuous or discontinuous process carried out in the absence or substantial absence of solvents or diluents and operating in the presence of solid bodies.

Abstract: A process for the trimerization of an olefin selected from the group consisting of ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, and mixtures thereof comprising passing the olefin in contact with a catalyst comprising the reaction product of (i) a chromium compound, which will provide active catalytic species under trimerization conditions; (ii) a hydrocarbyl aluminum hydrolyzed with about 0.8 to about 1.1 moles of water per mole of aluminum compound; and (iii) a donor ligand selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbyl isonitriles, amines, and ethers wherein the aluminum to chromium mole ratio is in the range of up to about 200 to one and the ligand to chromium mole ratio is in the range of up to about 100 to one.

Abstract: Novel high pore volume, high purity alumina gels and catalysts prepared therefrom are provided by a unique alumina gel preparation comprising hydrolyzing an aluminum alcoholate in a medium of a mixture of water and acetone, aging the resultant product and thereafter washing with acetone. Processes for the polymerization of olefins utilizing the afore-described alumina gels are also included herein.

Abstract: Process for selective production of polyolefin resins of controlled rheology responsive to catalyst morphology in heat activated aluminum treated porous supports e.g., silica gel of regulated moisture content.

Abstract: A method for smoothly and reliably initiating polymerization of ethylene with a supported chromium oxide catalyst, with smaller amounts of catalyst and in substantially shorter periods of time then heretofore required, by adding an alkylaluminum compound and a hydroxyl-containing compound to the reactor of a polymerization reaction system prior to the commencement of polymerization and subjecting said alkylaluminum compound and hydroxyl-containing compound to suitable conditions of temperature and pressure for a time sufficient for said alkylaluminum compound to react completely with the moisture present in said reactor and said hydroxyl-containing compound.

Abstract: A catalyst is produced by contacting an already activated silica-titania supported chromium composition with a tertiary alcohol and thereafter reactivating under relatively mild conditions. Such contacting is conveniently carried out by forming a slurry of the catalyst in an inert diluent containing a small amount of the alcohol. The resulting catalyst is useful in olefin polymerization. In such polymerization operations, the catalyst offers the advantage of allowing polymerization at a lower reactor temperature to achieve a given melt flow.

Abstract: Process for the polymerization of olefins comprising contacting an olefin, admixed with an oxygen-containing gas, with a supported organophosphoryl-chromium oxide catalyst.