Abstract: A process for producing a homopolymer of propylene or a copolymer of propylene which comprises polymerizing propylene or a mixture of propylene and another unsaturated hydrocarbon monomer such as ethylene in liquid propylene, in the presence of a catalyst system consisting essentially of (a) an activated titanium compound obtained by reducing titanium tetrachloride with an organic aluminum compound and activating the resulting titanium compound and (b) an organic aluminum compound to produce a polymer slurry, introducing the polymer slurry into an upper part of a counter-current washing zone, such as a washing tower, and counter-currently contacting the polymer slurry with liquid propylene which is introduced into a lower part of the washing zone, whereby the polymer and catalyst residues dissolved in the polymer slurry are removed.

Abstract: Olefin polymerization catalysts are prepared by depositing a chromium compound and an aluminum compound on an inorganic support material and heating the support material in a non-reducing atmosphere at a temperature above about 300.degree. C up to the decomposition temperature of the support material. The supported chromium and aluminum compound is then combined with a metallic and/or non-metallic reducing agent, to provide a catalyst system useful in the polymerization of 1-olefins.

Abstract: The method of making an active catalyst system, the catalyst system and a method of polymerizing olefins in which the catalyst system used is prepared by mixing an inorganic support such as silica with a chromium (III) amine complex and activating by heating the mixture to and at an elevated temperature in a non-oxidizing atmosphere.

Abstract: A method of polymerizing a monomer comprising ethylene in which a catalyst used is prepared by dispersing on a dry, finely divided, difficultly reducible inorganic oxide support such as silica a reaction product prepared by reacting pinacol with a chromium compound in which the reaction product is fixed to the support by heating at an elevated temperature in a non-oxidizing atmosphere.

Abstract: A catalyst for polymerizing one or more 1-olefins prepared by activating with a dry gas that contains oxygen a mixture of a finely divided support and a tetravalent alkoxide of chromium. The disclosure also includes the method of making the catalyst and methods of polymerizing olefins with the catalyst.

Abstract: Bis(indenyl)- and bis(fluorenyl)-chromium [II] compounds are deposited on activated inorganic oxide supports to provide catalysts which are useful in the presence of hydrogen, alone, or with cyclopentadiene compounds, for the polymerization of ethylene in high yields. These catalysts exhibit good thermal stability and show a unique response to cyclopentadiene compounds which allows production of polymers having a relatively broad range of melt index values.

Abstract: Process for the dispersion polymerization or copolymerization of olefins, especially ethylene alone or with an .alpha.-olefin, which is conducted in the presence of a surface-active compound containing one or more perfluorocarbon groups and, optionally, one or more hydrophilic groups, to reduce fouling of the reactor with adherent polymer particles. Particularly effective when olefins are polymerized with supported transition metal hydrocarbyl catalysts in non-polar hydrocarbon diluents.

Abstract: There are disclosed olefin polymerization catalysts based on tetra(neophyl) zirconium and its reaction products with surface-hydroxylated oxides of metals of Groups II(a), III(a), IV(a) and IV(b) of the Periodic Table of the Elements, processes for their preparation, and processes for the polymerization of olefinic monomers employing such catalysts. Neophyl zirconium aluminate supported on alumina is disclosed as the preferred, most active catalyst. The polyolefins produced are linear high polymers of high crystallinity such as polyethylene and isotactic polypropylene. Diolefins are converted into rubber by use of the process employing the catalyst. Ethylene-propylene copolymer rubbers can also be produced by use of the catalysts.

Abstract: Ethylene is copolymerized with one or more mono .alpha.-olefins, especially butene and/or hexene, using as catayst a Group IVA metal hydrocarbyl compound supported on particulate alumina, the purity ratio (i.e. the molar ratio of Group IVA metal to Group I to III metal) of the said compound being at least 100/1 and, preferably, 500/1. By using these very pure compounds, especially in the case of zirconium tetrabenzyl, the incorporation of co-monomer in the copolymer product may be enhanced.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a process for preparing copolymers of ethylene with certain alpha olefins and nonconjugated dienes. The novel aspect of this invention relates to a catalyst system comprising a vanadium tetrachloride catalyst in conjunction with a cocatalyst comprising equimolar quantities of ethyl aluminum dichloride and tri-isobutyl aluminum. Isobutyl aluminum dichloride may be substituted for the ethyl aluminum dichloride. The product prepared by this process has a high number average molecular weight and is high in tensile strength when compounded with carbon blacks or mineral fillers and extender oils. Additionally, the polymer of this invention exhibits a rapid cure rate. Since the product further exhibits a narrow molecular weight distribution and low crystallinity, there is a greatly reduced die swell upon extrusion. The combination of the high molecular weight, narrow molecular weight distribution and low crystallinity produce a vulcanized product of low compression set.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel catalysts and cocatalysts for use in the polymerization and copolymerization of .alpha.-olefins, to a process of using such catalysts to polymerize and copolymerize .alpha.-olefins, and to a process of making such cocatalysts. The .alpha.-olefins are polymerized or copolymerized in the presence of a catalytic amount of a catalyst comprising an organometallic compound of a metal of Groups I a, II a, II b, III a, or IV a of the Periodic Table and a cocatalyst comprising the reaction product of an activated halogenated alumina having an atomic ratio of halogen/aluminum of from 0.1 to 1 and a derivative of a transition metal.

Abstract: There are disclosed a novel class of catalysts for olefin polymerization, processes for the production of this class of catalysts and processes for the production of linear polyolefins, including linear polyethylene, linear polypropylene and linear copolymers of ethylene with higher olefins, using this class of catalysts. The new class of catalysts comprises Group IV(a) transition metal hydrocarbyl hydride aluminates supported on alumina. The catalysts are produced by reacting a tetra(hydrocarbyl) transition metal compound [(R--CH.sub.2).sub.4 --M in which R is aryl, aralkyl or tertiary alkyl, and M is Ti, Zr or Hf] with partially hydrated (0.5 to 1.5% water of hydration) alumina to produce hydrocarbyl-transition metal aluminates on alumina followed by hydrogenation until from about 60% to 100%, preferably 90% to 100%, of the hydrocarbyl groups have been displaced and partially replaced by hydride, and the valence state of the transition metal has been reduced.

Abstract: Homopolymers of 4-methylpentene-1 are prepared by homopolymerization of 4-methylpentene-1 at a temperature above room temperature, in the presence of hydrogen and in contact with a Ziegler/Natta catalyst system. The polymerization is carried out at a relatively very high temperature and in the presence of an inert gas, the polymerization system being under a specific total pressure, while the partial pressures of the inert gas and the hydrogen have specific values. In this way, homopolymers having large crystalline fractions are obtained in high yields per unit of catalyst system per unit time.

Abstract: Copolymers of 4-methylpentene-1 are prepared by copolymerization of 4-methylpentene-1 with one or more other C.sub.2-18 .alpha.-alkenes at a temperature above room temperature and in the presence of hydrogen using a Ziegler/Natta catalyst system. The polymerization is carried out at a relatively very high temperature and in the presence of an inert gas with the proviso that the partial pressures of the inert gas and of the hydrogen and the sum of the partial pressures of the inert gas, hydrogen and 4-methylpentene-1 have specific values. In this way, copolymers having large crystalline fractions are obtained in a high yield per unit of catalyst system per unit time.

Abstract: The reaction product of a chromium tris-diorgano-orthophosphate and an alkyl aluminum halide is a catalyst for olefin polymerization and for alkylation of aromatic hydrocarbons with olefins.

Abstract: Polymers of ethylene, an alpha mono-olfin, and ethylidene bicycloheptene which can be sulfur-cured to form elastomers.

Abstract: A continuous process for recycling hydrogen for reuse in making blends of olefin copolymers of high and low molecular weights which comprises copolymerizing ethylene with at least one higher olefin monomer in a solvent in separate reactors in the presence of a coordination catalyst, at least one, but not all, of said reactors containing hydrogen in an amount sufficient to produce low molecular weight copolymer. The resulting solutions of high and low molecular weight copolymers are mixed, unreacted monomers and hydrogen are flashed from the mixture, and the copolymer blend is isolated from the unflashed residue.

Abstract: A method is described for the polymerization of isobutylene and, in particular, the copolymerization of isobutylene and isoprene to produce butyl rubber, by contacting the monomers with a catalyst prepared from: (a) an organoaluminum compound (e.g. Al(C.sub.2 H.sub.5).sub.2 Cl) and (b) a compound represented by the formula X'.sub.n M.sub.e Y.sub.m in which X' is a halogen atom; Y is oxygen, sulphur or a functional group selected from the alkoxies, esters, amides, simple or substituted alkyls, cycloalkyls, aromatics, arenes, phosphines, acetylacetones and oximes; Me is an element selected from Ti, Sn, Zn, B, Al, Hg, Pb, W, Sb, Ge, V, Zr, As, Bi and Mo; n and m are whole numbers whose sum equals the valence of Me except where Y is oxygen or sulphur, when the valency equals 2m + n, (e.g. Ti(O nC.sub.4 H.sub.9)Cl.sub.3), in a liquid reaction medium constituted by an aliphatic, aromatic, cycloaliphatic or halogenated hydrocarbon such as methyl chloride, and at a temperature in the range from -100.degree. to 30.

Abstract: A method is herein disclosed by which a polymerizable monomer or a mixture thereof can be economically and efficiently converted to polymeric substances with a high yield catalyst in a vapor phase polymerization process using a stirred-bed, quench-cooled, horizontaL reactor together with essentially total reactor off-gas recycle and melt finishing. The method is further characterized by being essentially isobaric at least up to the polymer finishing steps.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for the preparation of polyolefins by polymerizing or copolymerizing an olefin or olefins in the presence of a catalyst composed of a titanium compound and/or vanadium compound component supported on a solid carrier and an organometallic compound component, said solid carrier comprising a reaction product obtained by reacting (1) an aluminum compound represented by the general formula Al(OOCR)(OR').sub.2 wherein R and R' being the same or different each represent alkyl, aryl or aralkyl and (2) a magnesium compound represented by the general formula Mg(OR').sub.2 where R" being the same as or different from R and/or R' is alkyl, aryl or aralkyl at a molar ratio of (1):(2) of substantially at least 2:1.

Abstract: A process for preparing a solid catalyst for the polymerization of olefins which comprises the steps of (1) reducing titanium tetrachloride with an organoaluminum compound, (2) treating the resulting .beta.-type titanium trichloride with a complexing agent, (3) treating the solid catalyst thus obtained with an organoaluminum compound, and (4) treating the resulting solid catalyst with a complexing agent, and a solid catalyst for the polymerization of olefins prepared by the above process.

Abstract: Ethylene homopolymers and copolymers are made in a particle form process over a mixed catalyst comprising several portions of the same or different supported chromium components and metal promoted variations thereof in which each portion is activated at a different temperature, thereafter combined, and the composite, or each activated portion before being combined, is post treated with a hydrocarbyl aluminum hydrocarbyloxide. Broad molecular weight polymers are produced having excellent die swell characteristics and acceptable environmental stress cracking resistance and flow properties; this is achieved and while at the same time realizing high productivities.

Abstract: In a low pressure process for the production of crystalline propene-ethene-butene-1 terpolymers with 0.2 to 10% by weight of ethene and 0.2 to 5% by weight of butene-1 with the aid of mixed catalysts of TiCl.sub.3 or TiCl.sub.3 .sup.. n AlCl.sub.3 (n = 0.2 to 0.6), and chlorine-containing organoaluminum compounds, the improvement comprising conducting the polymerization in butene-2 or in a C.sub.4 -cut containing 20-99% butene-2, containing 0.1 - 2.5% of butene-1, with the addition of 0.2 to 10% of ethene, based on the amount of propene employed.

Abstract: A mixture of monomers essentially consisting of propylene and ethylene is polymerized in contact with a halogen-containing catalyst essentially free of microcrystalline precipitates, said catalyst resulting from mixing an alkyl aluminum compound with a hydrocarbon-soluble vanadium compound. The molar ratio of the propylene and ethylene in contact with the catalyst is maintained at a value such that an elastomeric, substantially amorphous, linear copolymerizate is produced, and is recovered from the reaction mass.

Abstract: a process for the separation of diluent from an ethylene polymerization reaction mixture wherein ethylene is copolymerized using as a catalyst an organo-metallic compound supported on an inorganic material. Subsequent to reaction, there is added to the reaction mixture a wetting agent and the diluent is then removed from the reaction mixture by steam distillation to give a product having significant solubility in the diluent.A wide variety of wetting agents may be used, which may be either water-soluble or water-insoluble. However, water soluble wetting agents are much preferred, so that most or at least some of the wetting agent remains in the aqueous phase at the end of the steam distillation step. The wetting agent may also possess hydrocarbon solubility; but this does not appear to be of paramount importance. It should also be stable at the steam distillation temperature and should have low steam volatility.