With Free Oxygen Or Peroxy Compound (-o-o-) Patents (Class 526/184)
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Patent number: 9428595Abstract: The invention provides a process to form an ethylene-based polymer, said process comprising polymerizing ethylene in the presence of at least one free-radical agent, and in the presence of a “metal alkyl-containing compound” selected from the group consisting of the following: i) at least one “Group II metal alkyl-containing compound,” ii) at least one “Group III metal alkyl-containing compound,” or iii) a combination of i) and ii). The invention also provides a composition comprising at least one ethylene-based polymer, prepared from a free-radical polymerization, and wherein the ethylene-based polymer has the following property: y>0.28567x?0.00032, wherein y=vinyl/1000C, as determined by 1H NMR, and x=mol % polymerized ?-olefin, as determined by 13C NMR.Type: GrantFiled: June 21, 2012Date of Patent: August 30, 2016Assignee: Dow Global Technologies LLCInventors: Sean W. Ewart, Teresa P. Karjala, Sarat Munjal, Mehmet Demirors
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Patent number: 9328180Abstract: The invention provides a process to form an ethylene-based polymer, said process comprising polymerizing ethylene in presence of at least the following: A) a free-radical agent; B) an alkylated phenol selected from Formula (I), wherein R1, R2,R3, R4 and R5 are each, independently, hydrogen or an alkyl; and C) a “metal alkyl-containing compound” selected from the group consisting of the following: i) at least one “Group II metal alkyl-containing compound,” ii) at least one “Group III metal alkyl-containing compound,” and iii) a combination of i) and ii).Type: GrantFiled: March 8, 2013Date of Patent: May 3, 2016Assignee: Dow Global Technologies LLCInventors: Sean W. Ewart, Teresa P. Karjala, Michael J. Zogg, Jr., Sarat Munjal
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Publication number: 20150148504Abstract: The invention provides a process to form an ethylene-based polymer, said process comprising polymerizing ethylene in presence of at least the following: A) a free-radical agent; B) an alkylated phenol selected from Formula (I), wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are each, independently, hydrogen or an alkyl; and C) a “metal alkyl-containing compound” selected from the group consisting of the following: i) at least one “Group II metal alkyl-containing compound,” ii) at least one “Group III metal alkyl-containing compound,” and iii) a combination of i) and ii).Type: ApplicationFiled: March 8, 2013Publication date: May 28, 2015Applicant: Dow Global Technologies LLCInventors: Sean W. Ewart, Teresa P. Karjala, Michael J. Zogg, JR., Sarat Munjal
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Publication number: 20140135462Abstract: The invention provides a process to form an ethylene-based polymer, said process comprising polymerizing ethylene in the presence of at least one free-radical agent, and in the presence of a “metal alkyl-containing compound” selected from the group consisting of the following: i) at least one “Group II metal alkyl-containing compound,” ii) at least one “Group III metal alkyl-containing compound,” or iii) a combination of i) and ii). The invention also provides a composition comprising at least one ethylene-based polymer, prepared from a free-radical polymerization, and wherein the ethylene-based polymer has the following property: y>0.28567x?0.00032, wherein y=vinyl/1000 C, as determined by 1H NMR, and x=mol % polymerized ?-olefin, as determined by 13C NMR. The invention also provides a composition comprising at least one ethylene-based polymer, prepared from a free-radical polymerization, and wherein the ethylene-based polymer has the following properties: A) a vinyl content greater than, or equal to, 0.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 21, 2012Publication date: May 15, 2014Applicant: Dow Global Technologies LLCInventors: Sean W. Ewart, Teresa P. Karjala, Sarat Munjal, Mehmet Demirors
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Patent number: 8445615Abstract: A two-component adhesive composition suitable for structural bonding of concrete/concrete, steel/concrete, or steel/steel, as well as for structural strengthening and reinforcing applications with fiber reinforced polymers, is disclosed. The composition includes a resin component A with a peroxide containing at least one norbornene group and at least one methacrylate containing compound and a hardener component B comprising a peroxide and at least one thiol. The resin component A and the hardener component B are spatially separated from one another to inhibit any reaction before mixing of the components.Type: GrantFiled: November 29, 2010Date of Patent: May 21, 2013Assignee: Hilti AktiengesellschaftInventors: Frank Thiemann, Armin Pfeil
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Patent number: 8178465Abstract: The disclosure provides for a process and polymerization system to produce isoolefin polymers (72) utilizing polymorphogenates (16, 26) in the catalyst system to control polydispersity (MWD). The disclosure also provides a catalyst system (20) comprising a plurality of active catalyst complex species (34) formed by combination of a Lewis acid (24), an initiator (22) and a polymorphogenate (26), as well as polymers made using the catalyst system or process. The polymorphogenate (16, 26) can promote or mimic the formation of different active catalyst complex species (34) having different polymerization rates, i.e. different rates of propagation, chain transfer, or termination, as observed by different polydispersities resulting from the presence of relatively different proportions of the polymorphogenate.Type: GrantFiled: January 12, 2011Date of Patent: May 15, 2012Assignee: ExxonMobil Chemical Patents Inc.Inventors: Timothy D. Shaffer, Michael F. McDonald, David Y. Chung, Robert N. Webb, Deborah J. Davis, Pamela J. Wright
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Patent number: 7595369Abstract: A method of copolymerizing cyclic olefins and polar vinyl olefins, a copolymer produced by the method, and an optical anisotropic film including the copolymer are provided. According to the copolymerization method, a cyclic olefin and a polar vinyl olefin can be effectively copolymerized using a catalyst system composed of a compound containing a group 13 element and a radical initiator. The resulting copolymer is transparent, and has high adhesion, thermal stability, optical anisotropy and strength, and a low dielectric constant. The optical film including the copolymer can be used as a plastic lens, a polarizer protective film, an adhesive film, and a compensation film, and in a LCD display.Type: GrantFiled: November 9, 2005Date of Patent: September 29, 2009Assignee: LG Chem, Ltd.Inventors: Sung Cheol Yoon, Sung Ho Chun, Heon Kim, Tae Sun Lim, Jung Min Lee
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Patent number: 7399814Abstract: A highly active and environment-friendly catalyst for use in a living radical polymerization is provided. A catalyst for use in a living radical polymerization method is provided. The catalyst comprises a central element, which is selected from germanium, tin and antimony, and at least one halogen atom, which is bound to the central element. A monomer having a radical reactive unsaturated bond is subjected to a radical polymerization reaction under the presence of the catalyst, thereby it is possible to obtain a polymer having narrow molecular weight distribution. The present invention has the merits such as low toxicity of the catalyst, a small amount of the catalyst can be used, high solubility of the catalyst, mild reaction conditions, no coloration, no odor (unnecessary post-treatment of molded products). The method of the present invention is more environment-friendly and economical than a conventional living radical polymerization method.Type: GrantFiled: July 24, 2006Date of Patent: July 15, 2008Assignee: Kyoto UniversityInventors: Atsushi Goto, Takeshi Fukuda, Yoshinobu Tsujii
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Patent number: 7393909Abstract: A porous, molecularly imprinted polymer and a process for its preparation are described. The porous, molecularly imprinted polymer is characterized in that it is obtainable by providing a porous silica; attaching a molecular template to the surface of the porous silica; filling the pores of the porous silica with a polymer, removing the silica and the molecular template, thereby leaving a porous, molecularly imprinted polymer. The process is characterized by the above defined process steps. Also described are a porous polymer vesicle and its preparation with the same features as defined for the porous, molecularly imprinted polymer and its preparation, except for the lack of the molecular template and thus the lack of the molecular imprint in the porous polymer.Type: GrantFiled: February 7, 2005Date of Patent: July 1, 2008Assignee: MIP Technologies ABInventors: Börje Sellergren, Gunter Buchel
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Patent number: 7119155Abstract: Copolymerization of Ni(II) phenol imine complexes containing olefinic substituents on aryl groups with styrene in the presence of a radical initiator results in polymerized late transition metal catalysts which can be used for olefin polymerization or oligomerization. These catalysts have high catalyst activity for olefin polymerization or oligomerization.Type: GrantFiled: October 24, 2003Date of Patent: October 10, 2006Assignee: ExxonMobil Chemical Patents Inc.Inventors: Stanley Wai-Yan Chow, Guo-Xin Jin, Zerong Lin, Robert J. Wittenbrink, Dao Zhang
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Patent number: 6881803Abstract: In the first aspect of the present invention, there is disclosed a method for producing a copolymer of an alkyl vinyl ether and maleic anhydride which comprises removing an organic solvent used in a reaction under a temperature so that a slurry state can be maintained. According to the first aspect, such a copolymer of the alkyl vinyl ether and maleic anhydride which contains a little amount of the solvent remaining therein as disclosed in the second aspect of the present invention, can be obtained. Further, it can be avoided that a specific viscosity of the copolymer of the alkyl vinyl ether and maleic anhydride is lowered, by means of a method for producing a copolymer of alkyl vinyl ether and maleic anhydride which comprises shielding oxygen in a polymerization, as disclosed in the third aspect of the present invention.Type: GrantFiled: December 28, 2001Date of Patent: April 19, 2005Assignee: Daicel Chemical Industries Ltd.Inventors: Toshio Endo, Tatsumi Fujii, Yasuo Tsuji, Morihito Saito
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Patent number: 6794467Abstract: The invention discloses a process for the preparation of polymeric absorbents useful for gelling organic liquids. The process comprises mixing one or more monomers with a cross-linking agent, a free radical initiator, an optional solvent, optionally in the presence of a transition metal source and subjecting the mixture so obtained to a conventional polymerisation method. The polymer is removed, crushed to obtain polymer powder, washed with solvent and dried by conventional methods to remove unreacted monomers, followed by swelling in alcohols to obtain the desired product.Type: GrantFiled: March 27, 2000Date of Patent: September 21, 2004Assignee: Council of Scientific and Industrial ResearchInventors: Ashish Kishor Lele, Shyni Varghese, Manohar Virupax Badiger, Raghunath Anant Mashelkar
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Patent number: 6706832Abstract: Polymers are obtained by a radical (co)polymerization of ethylene under high pressure in the presence of at least one initiating free radical (Z*) and of at least one controlling stable free radical (SFR*) which comprises the indoline nitroxide backbone represented by the formula (I). A is a hydrocarbonaceous chain forming an aromatic ring with the two carbon atoms to which it is attached, this ring being able to carry substituents or being able to carry one or more rings placed side by side, which rings are aromatic or aliphatic and optionally substituted, the carbon atoms forming the nitrogenous ring and in the alpha- and beta-position with respect to the nitrogen atom being, able to carry hydrogen atoms or substituents.Type: GrantFiled: January 27, 2003Date of Patent: March 16, 2004Assignee: AtofinaInventors: Eric Minaux, Lucedio Greci, Michael Buback, Paul Tordo, Thierry Senninger, Pierluigi Stipa, Patricia Carloni, Elisabetta Damiani, Giampaolo Tommasi
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Patent number: 6699949Abstract: An in situ controlled oxidation reaction of trialkylborane (BR3) in the presence of polyolefin and maleic anhydride produces mono-oxidized trialkylborane adducts, i.e., peroxyldialkylborane (R—O—O—BR2), that can undergo homolytic cleavage to form (R—O* *O—BR2) and activate the polyolefin chain by alkoxyl radical (R—O*) hydrogen-abstraction at ambient temperature. The formed polymeric radical (C*), associated with the oxidized borane moiety (*O—BR2), then reacts with maleic anhydride by addition reaction, without side reactions, to form functional polyolefins that contain incorporated maleic anhydride side groups.Type: GrantFiled: May 30, 2002Date of Patent: March 2, 2004Assignee: Penn State Research FoundationInventor: Tze-Chiang Chung
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Patent number: 6531556Abstract: A radical (co)polymerization of ethylene is carried out under high pressure in the presence of at least one initiating free radical (Z•) and of at least one controlling stable free radical (SFR•) which comprises the indoline nitroxide backbone represented by the formula (I). A is a hydrocarbonaceous chain forming an aromatic ring with the two carbon atoms to which it is attached, this ring being able to carry substituents or being able to carry one or more rings placed side by side, which rings are aromatic or aliphatic and optionally substituted, the carbon atoms forming the nitrogenous ring and in the alpha- and beta-position with respect to the nitrogen atom being able to carry hydrogen atoms or substituents.Type: GrantFiled: January 23, 2001Date of Patent: March 11, 2003Assignee: AtofinaInventors: Eric Minaux, Lucedio Greci, Michael Buback, Paul Tordo, Thierry Senninger, Pierluigi Stipa, Patricia Carloni, Elisabetta Damiani, Giampaolo Tommasi
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Patent number: 6515088Abstract: A new class of “living” free radical initiators that are based on alkylperoxydiarylborane and its derivatives and that may be represented by the general formula. R—[O—O—B—&phgr;1(—&phgr;2)]n wherein n is from 1 to 4, R is a hydrogen or a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical having a molecular weight from 1 to about 500, and &phgr;1 and &phgr;2, independently, are selected from aryl radicals, based on phenyl or substituted phenyl groups, with the proviso that &phgr;1 and &phgr;2 can be the chemically bridged to each other with a linking group or with a direct chemical bond between the two aryl groups to form a cyclic ring structure that includes a boron atom are disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: May 30, 2002Date of Patent: February 4, 2003Assignee: The Penn State Research FoundationInventor: Tze-Chiang Chung
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Patent number: 6420502Abstract: A new class of “living” free radical initiators that are based on alkylperoxydiarylborane and its derivatives and that may be represented by the general formula. R—[O—O—B-&phgr;1(-&phgr;2)]n wherein n is from 1 to 4, R is a hydrogen or a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical having a molecular weight from 1 to about 500, and &phgr;1 and &phgr;2, independently, are selected from aryl radicals, based on phenyl or substituted phenyl groups, with the proviso that &phgr;1 and &phgr;2 can be the chemically bridged to each other with a linking group or with a direct chemical bond between the two aryl groups to form a cyclic ring structure that includes a boron atom are disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: June 25, 2001Date of Patent: July 16, 2002Assignee: The Penn State Research FoundationInventor: Tze-Chiang Chung
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Patent number: 6365689Abstract: The present invention provides propylene/ethylene random copolymers characterized in that: an ethylene content (Ew) is 0.1-10 wt %, a relationship between an isolated ethylene content (E1) and the ethylene content (Ew) is represented by the following equation E1>0.85−0.01 Ew 2,1- and 1,3-propylene units present in a polymer chain are 0-1 mol %, a weight average molecular weight (Mw) is in the range of 40,000-1,000,000, and a ratio (Mw/Mn) of the weight average molecular weight (Mw) to a number average molecular weight(Mn) is in the range of 1.5-3.8. The copolymers are suitable for a base resin for a molding material for the production of a wide variety of molded articles which are high in randomness and excellent in stiffness, heat resistance and transparency.Type: GrantFiled: February 15, 2000Date of Patent: April 2, 2002Assignee: Chisso CorporationInventors: Tsutomu Ushioda, Jun Saito, Mototake Tsutsui, Yoshitoyo Yasuda, Hiroyuki Fujita, Yoshiyuki Oogi, Minoru Adachi, Yoshitaka Morimoto, Taketo Hirose, Youichi Kugimiya, Yasuhiro Shiraishi
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Patent number: 6166160Abstract: There is a need for odorless rubbery polymers that offer high heat resistance, ultraviolet light resistance and low fogging characteristics. For instance, rubbery polymers of this type are needed by the automotive and construction industries. The deodorized rubbery polymers of this invention are of particular value because they can be blended with polyvinyl chloride to make leathery compositions having good heat and ultraviolet light resistance.Type: GrantFiled: February 4, 1999Date of Patent: December 26, 2000Assignee: The Goodyear Tire & Rubber CompanyInventor: Hung Dang Ngoc
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Patent number: 6117961Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing a crosslinkable styrene or styrene derivative polymer having narrow molecular weight distribution by radical polymerization of a styrene or styrene derivative monomer and other comonomer, wherein the polymerization is conducted in the presence of a catalyst system composed of a free radical compound and a radical polymerization initiator. With the present process, a heat- or photo-crosslinkable styrene or styrene derivative polymer having excellent rheology controlling ability and excellent reaction efficiency of a functional group can be obtained.Type: GrantFiled: April 25, 1997Date of Patent: September 12, 2000Assignee: Kansai Paint Co., Ltd.Inventor: Tetsuo Ogawa
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Patent number: 5973087Abstract: Disclosed is a catalyst system for the production of ethylene co-polymers by co-polymerisation of ethylene with further polymerisable monomers in the presence of a peroxide catalyst. The catalyst system contains components (A) and (B), component (A) being at least one organo-aluminium compound of the general formula AlR.sub.3, in which R is an alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, aralkyl or cycloalkyl radical, and component (B) is at least one organic peroxide.Type: GrantFiled: March 3, 1997Date of Patent: October 26, 1999Assignee: Peroxid-Chemie GmbHInventors: Gerhard Luft, Majid Jabbari, Maximilian Dorn
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Patent number: 5817376Abstract: Compositions containing conductivity enhancers, which are capable of being coated onto a substrate by means of electrostatic assistance. The compositions comprise one or more free-radically curable monomer(s), and one or more non-volatile conductivity enhancer(s), having cationic and anionic portions, which are soluble in the monomer(s) and which do not interfere with free-radical polymerization, wherein said anionic portion is a non-coordinating organophilic carbon-containing anion. The compositions may further comprise one or more initiator(s), one or more dissociation enhancing agent(s), cross-linking agent(s), cationically polymerizable monomer(s), cationic initiator(s), leveling agents, oligomer(s) or polymer(s), preferably co-reactive, and other additives or adjuvants to impart specific properties to the cured coating.Type: GrantFiled: March 26, 1996Date of Patent: October 6, 1998Assignee: Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing CompanyInventors: Albert I. Everaerts, William M. Lamanna, Albert E. Seaver, George V. Tiers
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Patent number: 5756616Abstract: For the production of polyolefins by polymerization of .alpha.-olefins in the presence of a peroxide catalyst a catalyst system is used as the catalyst which is composed of the components (A) and (B) in which:(A) denotes at least one compound selected from the group of organoaluminium compounds of formula AlR3 in which R represents an alkyl, alkenyl, aryl or cycloalkyl group; and(B) denotes at least one organic peroxide.Type: GrantFiled: August 5, 1996Date of Patent: May 26, 1998Assignee: Peroxid-Chemie GmbHInventors: Gerhard Luft, Brigitte Batarseh, Maximilian Dorn
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Patent number: 5744560Abstract: A free radical polymerization process for the preparation of a polymer comprising heating a mixture of a free radical initiator, a stable free radical agent, a metal catalyst, or a metal stable free radical complex catalyst, and at least one polymerizable monomer; cooling said mixture; and optionally isolating said polymer.Type: GrantFiled: January 21, 1997Date of Patent: April 28, 1998Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Daniel A. Foucher, Paula J. MacLeod, Michael K. Georges, Timothy E. Burrow
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Patent number: 5312871Abstract: This invention concerns a "living" free radical polymerization process for preparing polymers having a narrow distribution of molecular weights.Type: GrantFiled: July 27, 1993Date of Patent: May 17, 1994Assignee: Carnegie Mellon UniversityInventors: Daniela Mardare, Krzysztof A. Matyjaszewski
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Patent number: 5043515Abstract: This invention relates to an oligomerization catalyst comprising a zirconocene and one or more alkyl aluminoxanes wherein the alkyl is selected from methyl, ethyl and mixtures thereof and the ratio of equivalents of methyl to ethyl in the product ranges from about 4 to about 0.25 and wherein the atom ratio of aluminum to zirconium ranges from about 1 to about 100. It further relates to the method for preparing the catalyst and the use of the catalyst in an oligomerization process. The catalyst is particularly suited for the oligomerization of ethylene.Type: GrantFiled: August 8, 1989Date of Patent: August 27, 1991Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventors: Lynn H. Slaugh, Galeon W. Schoenthal
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Patent number: 4605716Abstract: Polymerization of polar monomers, for example, (meth)acrylates, N,N-dialkyl(meth)acrylamides, (meth)acrylonitrile and mixtures thereof, with selected initiators and selected Lewis base catalysts.Type: GrantFiled: February 14, 1985Date of Patent: August 12, 1986Assignee: E. I. du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventor: Walter R. Hertler
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Patent number: 4588795Abstract: This invention resides in a polymerization process which is catalyzed by an oxyanion which can form a conjugate acid having a pKa (DMSO) of about 5 to about 24.Type: GrantFiled: March 1, 1985Date of Patent: May 13, 1986Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventors: Ira B. Dicker, William B. Farnham, Walter R. Hertler, Evan D. Laganis, Dotsevi Y. Sogah, Thomas W. Del Pesco, Patrick H. Fitzgerald
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Patent number: 4389514Abstract: A method of increasing the reaction rate of the polymerization and/or cross-linking of reactive polymerizable and/or cross-linkable acrylic monomeric materials initiated by dialkyl or diaralkyl peroxides as the free radical generator which comprises carrying out such a polymerization and/or cross-linking reaction in the presence of a member of the group consisting of stannous alkanoates, alkenoates, aralkanoates and aralkenoates, dialkyl tin dialkanoates, dialkenoates, diaralkanoates and diaralkenoates, or mixtures thereof in various proportions.Type: GrantFiled: December 7, 1981Date of Patent: June 21, 1983Assignee: Congoleum CorporationInventors: Claude J. Schmidle, Seevaram N. Varadhachary
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Patent number: 4121032Abstract: An alternating copolymer of an olefinic unsaturated compound and a conjugated vinyl compound is produced by contacting said monomers with at least one organoboron halide or/and a mixture of at least one organo-compound of metal from Groups IIb, IIIb and IVb of the Mendeleev Periodic Table and at least one halogeno-compound of metal from Groups IIIb and IVb of the Mendeleev Periodic Table. A typical catalyst is ethylboron dichloride or a combination of triethylaluminum and tin tetrachloride.Type: GrantFiled: April 15, 1975Date of Patent: October 17, 1978Assignee: Sumitomo Chemical Company, LimitedInventors: Kohei Nakaguchi, Shohachi Kawasumi, Masaaki Hirooka, Hiroshi Yabuuchi, Hiroyoshi Takao
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Patent number: 4107418Abstract: An improved process for copolymerizing the monomers (a) at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of monoolefins, non-conjugated polyenes, conjugated polyenes, haloolefins, unsaturated esters of carboxylic acids and unsaturated ethers and (b) an acrylic monomer under slurry polymerization conditions to give a copolymer containing the monomeric units (a) and (b) alternately connected to each other with good regularity which has a narrow molecular weight distribution and is not liable to gelling during its formation.Type: GrantFiled: September 13, 1976Date of Patent: August 15, 1978Assignee: Mitsui Petrochemical Industries Ltd.Inventors: Tadao Yatsu, Hiroshi Wakumoto
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Patent number: 4092469Abstract: Bis(1,3-dienyl)dialkyltin, lead, and germanium compounds employed in the aqueous emulsion polymerization of conjugated dienes, optionally with vinyl comonomers, provide polymers with sufficiently high Mooney viscosity values as to be readily handled in plant operations, yet which exhibit controlled breakdown under milling to lower Mooney values suitable, for a variety of uses.Type: GrantFiled: January 12, 1977Date of Patent: May 30, 1978Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventors: Carl A. Uraneck, Paul W. Solomon
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Patent number: 4079074Abstract: Unsymmetrical diperoxides of the general structure: ##STR1## for example, 4-(t-butylperoxycarbonyl)-3-hexyl-6-[7-(tbutylperoxycarbonyl)heptyl] cyclohexene, are useful for polymerizing ethylenically unsaturated monomers (such as styrene). The polymerizations can be carried out at higher temperatures and in shorter times than with conventional initiator systems, without detrimental decrease in polymer molecular weight or significant change in molecular weight distribution. The unsymmetrical diperoxides are also useful as catalysts for curing unsaturated polyester resins.Type: GrantFiled: January 6, 1977Date of Patent: March 14, 1978Assignee: Pennwalt CorporationInventors: Jose Sanchez, Vasanth Rathnakar Kamath, James Charles Halas
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Patent number: 4048425Abstract: Alternating elastomeric interpolymers comprised of: (A) about 50 mol percent of one or more acyclic or alicyclic esters of acrylic acid wherein the ester radical moiety is free of olefinic unsaturation or readily replaceable halogen; (B) one or more of acyclic or alicyclic Type I or Type III mono-olefins; and (C) 0.3 to 30 mol percent of one or more halomethylated aromatic vinyl compounds, the sum of the (B) and (C) components totalling about 50 mol percent of the interpolymer. The interpolymers can be readily substituted or crosslinked with nucleophilic reagents at moderate temperatures. The crosslinked elastomers possess good tensile strength, elongation and modulus and have utility as general purpose, or particularly as oil and heat resistant elastomers.Type: GrantFiled: January 21, 1976Date of Patent: September 13, 1977Assignee: Exxon Research and Engineering CompanyInventor: Irving Kuntz
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Patent number: 4008175Abstract: Ethylenically unsaturated material susceptible to free-radical polymerization, e.g., vinyl chloride and unsaturated polyesters, is polymerized, e.g., in an aqueous medium with an alkaline buffering reagent and an initiator system comprising an acid anhydride, e.g., isobutyric anhydride, and a peroxygen compound selected from an organic peroxy acid (peracid), e.g., peracetic acid, and hydrogen peroxide. Optionally, a further organic free-radical type initiator, e.g., lauroyl peroxide, a dialkyl peroxydicarbonate or azobisisobutyronitrile, is used in combination with the acid anhydride and peroxygen compound.Preferably, the anhydride and peroxygen compound are introduced separately into the polymerization medium. It is believed that at least a portion of the anhydride combines with the peroxygen compound to form the corresponding diacyl peroxide.Type: GrantFiled: July 9, 1975Date of Patent: February 15, 1977Assignee: PPG Industries, Inc.Inventor: James A. Barter
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Patent number: 3989882Abstract: An alternating copolymer of an olefinic unsaturated compound and a conjugated vinyl compound is produced by contacting said monomers with at least one organoboron halide or/and a mixture of at least one organo-compound of metal from Groups IIb, IIIb and IVb of the Mendeleev Periodic Table and at least one halogeno-compound of metal from Groups IIIb and IVb of the Mendeleev Periodic Table. A typical catalyst is ethylboron dichloride or a combination of triethylaluminum and tin tetrachloride.Type: GrantFiled: January 9, 1975Date of Patent: November 2, 1976Assignee: Sumitomo Chemical Company, LimitedInventors: Kohei Nakaguchi, Shohachi Kawasumi, Masaaki Hirooka, Hiroshi Yabuuchi, Hiroyoshi Takao