Abstract: A method for producing polymers with narrow molecular weight distribution which involves combining (1) an initiator component of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are alkyl, aryl, or aralkyl groups, and can be the same or different, and X is an acetate, etherate, a hydroxyl group, or a halogen, and i is a positive whole number, (2) a Lewis acid of the formula MX.sub.n in which M is titanium, aluminum, boron, or tin, X is a halogen, and n is a positive whole number, (3) an electron donor component having an electron donor number of from at least about 25 to no more than about 50, (4) a solvent for the preceding and (5) a hydrocarbon monomer component.

Abstract: A process for producing a vinyl chloride polymer for matted moldings which comprises performing the suspension polymerization of vinyl chloride monomer or a mixture of vinyl monomers composed mainly of vinyl chloride in an aqueous medium, in the presence of (A) 0.01 to 3 parts by weight of a polyfunctional monomer having two or more ethylenic double bonds in the molecule and (B) 0.00005 to 0.01 part by weight of antioxidant, thereby yielding a vinyl chloride resin composed of 5 to 90% by weight of tetrahydrofuran-insoluble gel fraction, with the remainder being tetrahydrofuran-solubles.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of polymers which comprises dissolving an emulsifier in a solvent, followed by heating the mixture formed; adding to the mixture an alkali persulfate initiator dissolved in a solvent; subsequently adding monomer thereto, which monomer is not miscible with said solvent, and wherein the monomer is added after a period of time of from about 1 second to about 60 minutes has elapsed after the addition of said dissolved initiator; and thereafter effecting polymerization.

Abstract: Uniformly sized polymer particles of 1-50 .mu.m diameter are made by gradually combining a water-insoluble monomer mixture with an aqueous dispersion of emulsion-polymerized polymer particles in the presence of a dispersion stabilizer and an oil-soluble, free-radical polymerization initiator.

Abstract: For the preparation of copolymers of ethylene, ethylene is polymerized with esters of vinyl alcohol in the absence of solvents and emulsifiers and in the presence of free radical acceptors. The addition of free radical acceptors makes it possible to increase the polymerization temperature in comparison to a procedure without the use of free radical acceptors.

Abstract: An acrylic resin is provided which has excellent weatherability, outstanding transparency and improved heat and solvent resistance, as well as improved impact strength. The acrylic resin comprises an intimate blend of a polymerization syrup and a catalytic amount of a polymerization catalyst capable of effecting polymerization of the syrup. The polymerization syrup, which has an improved shelf life and can be stored at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure, consists essentially of:(a) from about 300 to about 1000 parts per volume of an acrylic monomer represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R is an alkyl moiety containing 1 to about 18 carbon atoms; (b) from about 0.1 to about 1000 parts by volume of a non-peroxide oxygen donator;(c) from about 0.1 to about 5 parts by volume of mercaptan; and(d) from about 0.3 to about 40 parts by volume of a crosslinking agent compatible with the acrylic monomer.

Abstract: An ion-selective polymeric membrane for an electrochemical sensor for use in analytical chemistry, comprisinga) a supporting matrix e.g. of PVC, andb) an ionophore selected from calixarene or oxacalixarene derivatives of the formula IV ##STR1## wherein n+m=3-8;m=0-8;n=0-8;a, which may be the same or different on each aryl group, is 0 or 1;R.sup.2 is alkyl, aryl, alkaryl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkoxy, aryloxy, alkaryloxy, alicyclic, alkylthio, arylthio, alkarylthio, or a substituted derivative thereof;R.sup.3 is --H, alkyl or alkenyl;X is --OH or a group containing an acrylate or methacrylate functional group;provided that when X is --OH, n is at least 1/2(n+m);and provided that when m=0, n=4, a=0 and R.sup.3 is alkyl or allyl, R.sup.2 is not alkoxy having 4 or more carbon atoms in the alkyl group;and provided that when m=0, n=4, a=0 and R.sup.3 is t-butyl, R.sup.2 is not methoxy or ethoxy;or of the formula V ##STR2## wherein R.sup.

Abstract: A process for producing a vinyl chloride polymer for matted moldings which comprises performing the suspension polymerization of vinyl chloride monomer or a mixture of vinyl monomers composed mainly of vinyl chloride in an aqueous medium, said suspension polymerization being performed after the addition of an aqueous dispersion obtained by dispersing a polyfunctional monomer having 2 or more ethylenic double bonds in the molecule into an aqueous solution of a water-soluble partially saponified polyvinyl alcohol, a water-soluble cellulose eter or an emulsifier, thereby yielding a vinyl chloride resin composed of 5 to 90 wt % tetrahydrofuran-insoluble gel fraction, with the remainder being tetrahydrofuran-solubles.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical suspension aerosol formulations using one or more perfluorinated carboxylic acids or esters thereof as surface-active dispersing agents and 1,1,1,2-tetra-fluorethane or 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane as the propellant are described.

Abstract: A process for preparing a three-branched or four-branched star compound comprising polymerizing an olefine compound represetned by the formula ##STR1## wherein A is a signle bond or phenylene group, and R.sup.3 is a hydrogen atom or methyl group and R.sup.4 is a monovalent organic group when A is a signle bond, or R.sup.3 is a hydrogen atom and R.sup.4 is an alkyl group when A is a phenylene group, using the adduct of a polyfunctional alkenyl ether represetned by the formula (I)R.sup.2 --O--CH.dbd.CHR.sup.1).sub.n (I)wherein R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom or methyl group, n is an integer of 3 or 4, and R.sup.2 is a rtivalent organic group when n is 3 or a tetravelent organic group when n is 4 with a cation-donating compound.

Abstract: This invention provides a novel catalyst composed of a complex of an organic ether and a Lewis acid, preferably boron trichloride that can add olefin monomers to increase the molecular weight of the complex from as low as 200 to in excess of 100,000 preferably 500 or 1000 to 10,000 and higher, with the complex being active viz., living, until the complex dies, viz., is decomposed or destroyed so that polymers in the liquid or easily liquefiable range of 300 to about 10,000 and preferably 500 or 1000 to 10,000 and higher can be made or those more difficult to be liquefied or unliquefiable, viz., those of over 10,000 up to 100,000 and having useful end groups such as the halogens and specifically chloride.

Abstract: A method of producing polymer particles having a particle size distribution of .+-.25% with respect to each average particle size in an amount of 95 wt. % or more, within the average particle sizes ranging from 1 .mu.m to 100 .mu.m, is disclosed, which comprises the steps of: (1) adding a polymer dispersion stabilizer in an amount of 0.1 to 10 wt. % to a hydrophilic organic liquid in which the polymer dispersion stabilizer is soluble; (2) adding thereto at least one vinyl monomer in an amount of not more than 50 times by weight the amount of the polymeric dispersion stabilizer, which monomer is soluble in the hydrophilic organic liquid, but a polymer synthesized from the monomer being swelled or substantially insoluble in the hydrophilic organic liquid; and (3) polymerizing the monomer under the condition that the amount of the vinyl monomer is 200 wt. % or less of the hydrophilic organic liquid.

Abstract: A method for producing ethylene copolymer using ethylene and at least a comonomer of unsaturated glycidyl monomer in the presence of a polymerization initiator, wherein the undesirable thermal polymerization of the unsaturated glycidyl monomer in the preparation system can be avoided and the operation can be continued for a long period of time in a stable condition. The method is characterized in that at least two kinds of polymerization inhibitors are used and the inhibition factor of one polymerization inhibitor added to the unsaturated glycidyl monomer is smaller than that of another polymerization inhibitor added to the lubricating oil for compressors and the unsaturated glycidyl monomer containing 100 to 2000 ppm of a polymerization inhibitor is introduced from the inlet side of a high pressure compressor into the reaction system and the lubricating oil containing 0.1 to 10% by weight of a polymerization inhibitor is used for the high pressure compressor.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of a linear polyethylene with narrow molecular-weight distribution comprising polymerizing ethylene alone or a mixture of ethylene and an alpha-olefin in which ethylene represents at least about 70% by weight of the total monomers involved, in a gas-phase polymerization medium in the presence of a catalytic component containing at least one transition metal, magnesium, and a halogen, a co-catalyst comprising an alkylaluminum compound, and a monoether, the monoether having the general formula R'OR", wherein R' and R" are the same or different and each is a C.sub.1 to C.sub.8 linear or branched hydrocarbon radical or being a cyclic monoether with the oxygen forming a ring having 4 to 12 carbon atoms.

Abstract: An acrylic resin is provided which has excellent weatherability, outstanding transparency and improved heat and solvent resistance, as well as improved impact strength. The acrylic resin comprises an intimate blend of a polymerization syrup and a catalytic amount of a polymerization catalyst capable of effecting polymerization of the syrup. The polymerization syrup, which has an improved shelf life and can be stored at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure, consists essentially of:(a) from about 300 to about 1000 parts per volume of an acrylic monomer represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R is an alkyl moiety containing 1 to about 18 carbon atoms; (b) from about 0.1 to about 1 part by volume of diallylphthalate;(c) from about 0.5 to about 5 parts by volume of mercaptan; and(d) from about 0.3 to about 40 parts by volume of a crosslinking agent compatible with the acrylic monomer.The polymerization syrup can further contain from about 1 to about 100 parts by volume of a polycarbonate compound.

Abstract: A block-free polymer is prepared by anionically polymerizing at least two compounds selected from the groups consisting of butadiene, isoprene and styrene in an inert organic solvent in the presence of an organolithium compound as a catalyst and a cocatalyst of a glycol dialkyl ether: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.3 is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are alkyl groups of different numbers of carbon atoms selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, iso-butyl, sec-butyl and t-butyl, and the total number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group ranges from 5 to 7.

Abstract: A molding composition for making casting patterns is described containing(a) 10-99.89, preferably 20-90%, by weight of at least one di or polyfunctional acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid ester which burns without residue,(b) 0.01-5% by weight of an initiator system which can initiate the radical polymerization and(c) 0-80, preferably 10-70%, by weight of organic fillers, pigments and other auxiliary substances burning without residue,the quantity particulars each being related to the total amount of (a)+(b)+(c), characterized in that it further contains(d) 0.1-30, preferably 1-20%, by weight with respect to the component (a) of a chemically inert organic compound burning without residue and having a boiling point and/or sublimation point in the range >150.degree. C.This molding composition is distinguished by not causing any faults in the casting jacket, in particular no crack formation, on burning out of the mold.

Abstract: A novel cyclic monoperoxyketal represented by the following general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 represent hydrogen atoms, or same or different alkyl groups having 1-3 carbon atoms, R.sup.4 represents an alkyl group having 1-5 carbon atoms, R.sup.5 represents an alkyl group having 1-3 carbon atoms, and R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 may be separate groups, in which R.sup.6 represents an alkyl group having 1-3 carbon atoms and R.sup.7 represents an alkyl group having 2-10 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group or an aryl group, or may be combined into a cylcoalkylene group having 3-12 carbon atoms, has high stability and excellent decomposition property, and is useful as a polymerization initiator of unsaturated monomers and as a curing agent of unsaturated polyester resin.

Abstract: Polymer and process of polymerizing a monomer charge containing at least 85% of an olefinically unsaturated carboxyl monomer of 3 to 5 carbon atoms at up to 15% of a copolymerizable comonomer, in the presence of a mixed reaction medium containing an organic solvent and a hydrocarbon solvent in respective weight ratio of 95/5 to 1/99, said organic solvent is selected from ketones, esters, ethers, and alcohols having solubility parameter in the range of 8 to 15 and said hydrocarbon solvent is selected from aliphatic and cyclic aliphatic alkanes containing 4 to 12 carbon atoms and non-benzene aromatics of 7 to 9 carbon atoms. Said organic solvent and said hydrocarbon solvent are preferably liquid at room temperature. Viscosity of the 0.2% by weight polymer is in excess of 15,000 cps, preferably in excess of 20,000 cps, and its clarity is at least 80%, preferably 85% transmittance. Viscosity of 1% mucilages containing 1% sodium chloride salt is greater than 5,000 cps, preferably greater than 8,000 cps.

Abstract: What is described herein is a process for making copolymers of maleic anhydride and a C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl vinyl ether. In this process, a reactor is precharged with a solution of maleic anhydride in a sterically hindered monoether solvent and the alkyl vinyl ether monomer is fed thereto. Copolymerization is effected in the presence of a free radical initiator. A pumpable slurry of the copolymer in the reaction medium is formed upon polymerization, from which a copolymer product which is substantially a benzene-free powder is obtained.

Abstract: A homogeneous, random interpolymer of ethylene and an alpha-olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid or ester having a melt flow rate in the range of about 0.1 to about 300 g/10 minutes, as determined by ASTM D-1238 (190.degree. C./2160 g), is improved during its manufacture when made in a substantially constant environment in a stirred autoclave under substantially steady-state conditions of temperature, pressure, and flow rates, said temperature and pressure being sufficient to produce a single phase reaction, using a free-radical initiator, said improvement being obtained by the use of a minor amount of a telogenic modifier in the reaction mixture, the process being further characterized by the use of either, or both, of (a) a temperature which is lower than that which would be required without the presence of the telogen, or (b) a pressure which is higher than that which would be required without the presence of the modifier.

Abstract: According to one aspect of the present invention, improved acrylic copolymer resins are provided which are formed by co-polymerization of a monomer mixture comprising hydroxy-substituted alkyl (meth)acrylates, alkyl methacrylates or vinyl aromatics, and higher alpha-olefins. The invention provides improved low molecular weight acrylic resins useful as components in high solids acrylic coatings suitable for electrostatic spraying.

Abstract: A monomer which is hardly souble in water is effectively emulsion polymerized or copolymerized in the presence of a polymerization initiating source when the polymerization is carried out in the presence of a monovalent cation.

Abstract: Polymerization of norbornene dicarboximide yields polymers of high Tg, e.g. greater than 170.degree. C. Preferred polymers of N-phenyl norbornene dicarboximide exhibit Tg greater than 210.degree.C.

Abstract: Oxa-organic sulfur compounds, methods of preparing such compounds and methods of using the compounds as polymer chain length terminating agents are provided. The compounds are prepared by reacting allyl alcohol in the presence of a basic catalyst with a compound having the formula ##STR1## to form an intermediate.

Abstract: Oxacalixarenes of general formula I: ##STR1## wherein m=0-7 and n=1-8 with the proviso that m+n.ltoreq.8;R is hydrogen, halogen, or hydrocarbyl, aryl, hydrocarbylaryl or a substituted derivative thereof, and R may be the same or different on each aryl group; andR' is hydrocarbyl, aryl, hydrocarbylaryl, hydrocarbyloxy, aryloxy or hydrocarbylaryloxy or a substituted derivative thereof.The invention also provides a method of preparing oxacalixarenes of formula I, and cyanoacrylate adhesive compositions including as accelerator an oxacalixarene of formula I.

Abstract: This invention provides a novel catalyst composed of a complex of an organic ether and a Lewis acid, preferably boron trichloride that can add olefin monomers to increase the molecular weight of the complex from as low as 200 to in excess of 100,000 preferably 500 or 1000 to 10,000 and higher, with the complex being active viz., living, until the complex dies, viz., is decomposed or destroyed so that polymers in the liquid or easily liquefiable range of 300 to about 10,000 and preferably 500 or 1000 to 10,000 and higher can be made or those more difficult to be liquified or unliquefiable, viz., those of over 10,000 up to 100,000 and having useful end groups such as the halogens and specifically chloride.

Abstract: An emulsion acrylate copolymer is provided which unexpectedly is an effective magnetic binder inasmuch as it can be loaded with high amounts of one or more magnetic particles such as ferrite or ferrite containing materials to provide a flexible permanent type magnetic composition of high magnetic energy. The copolymer is made from an alkyl acrylate and a salt of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS). A carboxylated ethoxy alkyl phenol surfactant is utilized which provides good processability and permits a blend of the magnetic particles with the emulsion acrylate copolymer to be precipitated from a latex solution by high shear mixing. Flexible high magnetic energy magnets can thus be made and utilized in various applications such as refrigerator doors, electrical motors, and the like.

Abstract: In an inverse emulsion polymerization system for producing water-soluble polymers from a monomer system comprising an N-vinyl lactam and/or a vinyl-containing sulfonic acid or salt thereof utilizing a surfactant system having (1) a surfactant with a bulky lipophilic portion and a hydrophilic portion and (2) a generally straight-chain nonionic surfactant having a lipophilic hydrocarbon group and an OH-terminated hydrophilic group, i.e. an alcohol. Such a system having both the right HLB and the right chemical cobination results in a stable emulsion for the polymerization of these particular water-soluble monomers.

Abstract: Polyisoprenes having a high content of 1,2- and 3,4-structural units, a process for their preparation, and their use.The previous processes for the preparation of polyisoprene having a high content of 1,2- and 3,4-structural units were still unsatisfactory in terms of the cocatalyst employed.The use of ethylene glycol dialkyl ethers of the formulaR.sub.1 --O--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O--R.sub.2in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are alkyl groups having different numbers of C atoms, from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, n- and isopropyl and n-, iso-, sec.- and tert.-butyl, has, in particular, the advantage that the "living polymers" formed during the anionic polymerization are not damaged.The production of tires and damping elements using these polyisoprenes.

Abstract: A method of producing polymer particles having a particle size distribution of .+-.25% with respect to each average particle size in an amount of 95 wt. % or more, within the average particle sizes ranging from 1 .mu.m to 100 .mu.m, is disclosed, which comprises the steps of: (1) adding a polymer dispersion stabilizer in an amount of 0.1 to 10 wt. % to a hydrophilic organic liquid in which the polymeric dispersion stabilizer is soluble; (2) adding thereto at least one vinyl monomer in an amount of not more than 50 times by weight the amount of the polymeric dispersion stabilizer, which monomer is soluble in the hydrophilic organic liquid, but a polymer synthesized from the monomer being swelled or substantially insoluble in the hydrophilic organic liquid; and (3) polymerizing the monomer under the condition that the amount of the vinyl monomer is 200 wt. % or less of the hydrophilic organic liquid.

Abstract: A water-absorbent resin having excellent physical properties can be produced by a process wherein an aqueous solution containing an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acid and an alkali metal salt thereof in a total amount of 25% by weight or more is subjected to polymerization with a radical polymerization initiator in a petroleum-based hydrocarbon solvent in the presence or absence of a crosslinking agent, characterized by using, as a surfactant, a polyglycerine--fatty acid ester having an HLB of 2 to 16 and represented by the general formula ##STR1## (wherein R is an acyl group or hydrogen atom and n is an integer of 0 to 8).

Abstract: A composition is provided comprising the reaction product of a brominated phenhol and epichlorohydrin having a bromine content of at least about 30 percent and a weight per epoxide within the range of about 450 to about 800, an optional non-brominated epoxy resin, a curing agent for the epoxy resins, and a reactive diluent. The use of the defined brominated epoxy resin enables the preparation of a flame-retardant epoxy laminating system which has improved stability against crystallization with storage.

Abstract: A process for polymerizing or copolymerizing fluorinated monomers, in an aqueous dispersion, by using radicalic-type starters and fluorinated surfactants, characterized in that it is operated in the presence of a perfluoropolyether having neutral end groups and prepared in the form of an aqueous microemulsion, in order to increase the polymerization rate, to increase the process reproducibility and to minimize the consumption of said perfluoropolyether.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of making a polymer containing more than 50 to about 95 mole percent, preferably 65 to 80 mole percent, of units derived from maleic anhydride and the balance units derived from at least one 1-alkene. The method comprises mixing the maleic anhydride and 1-alkenes selected in the presence of a thermally decomposable initiator and, optionally, in the presence of a solvent at a temperature ranging between 145.degree. C. to 200.degree. C., in such a manner that throughout the process, the ratio of maleic anhydride to 1-alkenes is more than 50:50 to about 95:5, most preferably between 65:35 to 80:20, to form a reaction mixture and thereafter maintaining the reaction mixture at from 145.degree. C. to 200.degree. C. until a polymer containing more than 50 mole percent of maleic anhydride is obtained.

Abstract: The invention relates to modified polymers based on polyvinylene carbonate and/or polyhydroxymethylene, the modification being effected by particular alkoxylated compounds incorporated into the polymer. These polymers, for the preparation of which, according to the invention, particular dispersion stabilizers are used, are suitable, inter alia, as carriers for biologically active substances or for affinity chromatography.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for preparing novel hydrophobically associating terpolymers containing cationic functionality which are useful for clean-up of waste waters containing organic contaminants. These water soluble polymers contain both water soluble and water insoluble monomers. The water soluble monomers are acrylamide (AM) and a salt of an unsaturated amine base (C) and the water insoluble monomer is a higher alkyl(meth)acrylamide or alkyl(meth)acrylate (R). These polymers are referred to as CRAM. The process for their preparation relies on solubilizing the water insoluble monomer into an aqueous micellar solution containing one or more surfactants and the water soluble monomers. The surfactants are specifically selected to enable homogeneous dispersion of the hydrophobic monomer(s) in the presence of cationic monomers, such as 3-methacrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium chloride (MAPTAC), 2-methylacrylatoethyltrimethylammonium chloride (METAC), or diallyl dimethylammonium chloride (DMDAAC).

Abstract: A process for the polymerization of acrylic monomers and optionally of vinyl comonomers using (i) an initiator of formula (I):R--M (I)in which M denotes a metal selected from the group consisting of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals and R denotes a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms or an aryl radical, and (ii) at least one non-nitrogenous macrocyclic complexing agent.The polymerization process is used to make products of acrylic polymers having a narrow distribution of molecular masses.

Abstract: Inherently tacky infusible pressure-sensitive adhesive microspheres are prepared by polymerizing at least one monomer which when polymerized will form a pressure-sensitive adhesive having a glass transition temperature less than abotu -20.degree. C. in an organic medium in which the monomer is substantially insoluble and in the presence of a surfactant and a suspension stabilizer which are soluble in the organic medium and substantially insoluble in the monomer under conditions of shear sufficient to form suspended particles of a size less than 200 microns. A monomer soluble initiator is preferably employed. The preferred media are ethylene glycol and glycerol and the preferred monomers are 2-ethyl hexyl acrylate and methacrylic acid.

Abstract: A stable latex composition possessing a viscosity of less than about 50 cp. comprised of an ethylacrylane/methylacrylic acid/acrylic acid polymer and a nonylphenol polyethylene oxide ether sulfate useful for increasing the viscosity of water that is injected into subterranean petroleum bearing formations for the enhanced recovery of the petroleum.

Abstract: A process for the production of paste-forming polymers of vinyl chloride by emulsion or microsuspension polymerization, utilizes as the auxiliary dispersant an alcohol glycol ether of the general formula ##STR1## wherein R is an alkyl- or alkylene residue of 16-30 carbon atoms, R.sub.1 is H or an alkyl residue of 1-2 carbon atoms, and n is a number from 1 to 3. It is also possible to employ the predispersion method. The polymers yield pastes of low viscosity and an almost Newtonian fluid characteristic, and final products exhibiting a high resistance to fogging.

Abstract: A vinyl polymer polyol is prepared using a dispersing agent comprising a monoamine of the formula:R.sub.1 --O--(CH.sub.2 CH(R.sub.2)O).sub.x CH.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)NH.sub.2orR.sub.3 (CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.A (CH.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)O).sub.B CH.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)NH.sub.2wherein:R.sub.1 is an alkylphenyl of 14 to 26 carbon atoms,R.sub.2 is independently hydrogen or methyl,R.sub.3 is an alkyl of from 1 to 20 carbon atoms,x ranges from 2 to 10,A ranges from 0 to 30, andB ranges from 1 to 8.This monoamine is reacted with from 6 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide or mixture thereof. Optionally, the acid salt is formed. The alkoxylated monoamine is present in conjunction with a conventional polyether polyol.

Abstract: Polymers of vinyl halides having low molecular weights, good particle characteristics, and improved melt flow are made by aqueous polymerization utilizing an effective amount of a mercaptan as a chain transfer agent, wherein the mercaptan chain transfer agent is mixed with at least one material which is non-polymerizable with vinyl chloride and wherein said non-polymerizable material is substantially insoluble in water and is miscible with said mercaptan to form a chain transfer composition, and said chain transfer composition is added before the start of the polymerization while maintaining colloidal stability.

Abstract: A stable latex composition possessing a viscosity of less than about 50 cp. comprised of an ethylacrylate/methylacrylic acid/ acrylic acid polymer and co-surfactant system comprising a nonylphenol polyethylene oxide ether sulfate and a propoxylated, ethoxylated propylene glycol nonionic surfactant block polymer useful for increasing the viscosity of water that is injected into subterranean petroleum bearing formations for the enhanced recovery of the petroleum.

Abstract: A method for emulsifying, emulsion-stabilizing, and/or foam-inhibiting an aqueous polymer dispersion or latex by incorporating therein a polyglycol ether; and a polymer dispersion or latex composition containing such polyglycol ether.

Abstract: A process for polymerizing or copolymerizing fluorinated monomers, in an aqueous dispersion, by the use of radicalic starters and of fluorinated surfactants, characterized in that it is operated in the presence of perfluoropolyether having neutral end groups, being liquid under the polymerization conditions and in the form of an aqueous emulsions, in order to increase the polymerization rate.

Abstract: The invention relates to modified polymers based on polyvinylene carbonate and/or polyhydroxymethylene, the modification being effected by particular alkoxylated compounds incorporated into the polymer. These polymers, for the preparation of which, according to the invention, particular dispersion stabilizers are used, are suitable, inter alia, as carriers for biologically active substances or for affinity chromatography.

Abstract: A novel peroxydicarbonate containing a non-conjugate type unsaturated bond, represented by the general formula: ##STR1## (wherein R.sub.1 stands for a hydrogen atom or a methyl group and n for an integer of the value of 1 or 2) is particularly useful as a polymerization initiator.

Abstract: A process is provided for the free radical polymerization of monomers derived from substituted or unsubstituted acrylic acid/methacrylic acid and esters thereof for the production of a polymer having a narrow molecular weight distribution and an average molecular weight of less than 4000. These polymers are produced by the solution polymerizing of said monomers wherein 20-40% by weight of the monomer composition is hydroxyalkyl acrylate or methacrylate in the presence of a solvent system suitable for high solids coating applications and in the presence of an initiating amount of a tertiary alkyl hydroperoxide and/or its derivatives having at least 5 carbons wherein the initiator and monomers, alone or in combination, are added continuously at a programmed rate wherein the rate of addition corresponds approximately to the rate of decomposition of said monomer and initiator. These polymers are used for high solids coating applications.

Abstract: Use of, and composition containing the reaction products of primary 2-alkyl-1-alkanols containing from 12 to 36 carbon atoms with ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide as emulsifiers or co-emulsifiers in the emulsion polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers.